Karakizisp Carbon

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CFRP

... .

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, 2012

. :

. , , .

. . - .

. CNC MX45VAE OKUMA.

.

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1. ................................................................................................................. 4 2. - ................................................................................. 5 ................................................................................................................ 5 - .............................................................................................. 5 ........................................................................................ 6 ................................................................................................. 7 ................................................................. 8 ................................................................ 11 ......................................................................................... 14 .............................................................................................................. 16 .................................................................................................................. 16 ............................................................................................... 17 ........................................................................................................ 19 ........................................................................... 20 ............................................................................................................... 23 7000 ........................................................................................... 24 7075 651 ............................................................................................ 24 CAD - CAM - CNC ................................................................................................ 28

3. ........................................................................................................... 29 4. ............................................................................................................ 46 5. - ............................ 63 6. ................................................................................ 80 7. CFRP ......................................................................................... 81 8. ................................................................... 85 9. '' .................................................................... 88 10. - .............................. 92 11. ............................................................................................................. 94 12. ....................................................................................................... 95

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1.

CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) . Solidworks Dassault Systmes SolidWorks Corp. Solidcam , G . CNC OKUMA MX45VAE . Vermac, Vermac Vermac. ( 300 ). , , PLC . , , - . - AnsysWorkbench 14 (EN 14781) CEN(EuropeanCommitteeforStandardization). Solidworks CFRP .

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2.-

. sp3 , sp2 , ... - . 3.3000C ( ) ( ). Van der Vaals c- . 1,42 0 , 3,354 A0 .

() , . .

1960

, (3-7 GPa), (200-500 GPa), (1-3 GPa), (10-15 GPa) (1,75- 2,00 g/cm3). , , (PAN).

. , 900 Gpa , 1000 W / mK, 106 S / m, .

. , , .

6

. , , . , . . , () , .. .

: 1) (PAN), 2) (Rayon), 3) ( ) . , 1) - . . 2) , . 3) . 4) , .

, . . , ' .

7

. . , . ( ) . , , . , , 99.9%. , .

(monofilaments), . , Van der Waals, sp. , . , , -- , ( ) .

, , . , . , , .

. , , , ,

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. , , .

. ( ) (wrapfibers) . .

. , (). .

9

, .. 2x2 2 2 . .

Satin . . .

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. . . .

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. ( ) . .

: (hotmelt) (solventdip).

. . ( ) . . . ().

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prepreg. . .

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. , , .

, , . , . . , .

. : 1) 2% , 240 GPa. 2) (=300 GPa) 5 GPa 1.7% 3) (3 GPa) (440 GPa) - .

. , , , . ,

. , .

, , , , .

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3000 C, , 400 C. , . (. ) .

. , (sizing). . , , . , . (.. , ) .

, , . , . , , , . , , , . , , , .

, . , (.. )

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, , , : 1) 2) 3) , . , , ., (thermosettings) , , . ,, , . ,, .

. . . : 1) , , . 2) , , , , . :

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1) : :

(curing). (phenolic), (epoxy), (vinylester) (polyester) , . ( ), , .

: 2) , , :

: (20-60%) . , , .

: (), , , , , .

, 1950, . , .

. -. . , ( ), ( ). . , , . . , ,

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. , . . . , , , , .

, , .

: 1) , , , . , (, ), . 2) 50C 1500C . 3) , . 4) . 5) .( ). . 6) . .( , ). 7) . . 8) . .

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, , . , . . , . : , , . , , , , .

, : - (fibrouscomposites): . - (laminatedcomposites): . - (particulatecomposites): . . : - , . - , , .

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. : - , . - . - . - . - . - . - . - . - .

, . , ( / ) ( / ). . . , , .

: , , . , , . , .

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, . , , ( ). . , .

,

, . .

E-glass, S- glass Quartz.

, . .

Kevlar, Tecnora Twaron

. .

Dyneema

Dyneema . . .

Zylon

Zylon . . .

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, : 1) 2) 3) . . . , . . , , . , . (.. , , , , ). , . , .

: , ( ) . , . , . , . , . . 230 C. , . (), (PPS) (PEI).

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(Al) , . , . 8% . . , 270 . .

. , . , 70kp/. , , . , , , . .

, , . . , . , , , , . .

. . . 99% Al Si,Cu,Zn,Mn,Mg,Ni..

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7000

Al Zn Mg Al Zn Mg Cu. , , . Zn 4 8% Mg 1 3%. MgZn2. , 2%, . , , , Al Mg Zn. , 0,3% , Zn . 7000 , , ( ) . , 7000 . , . , , ( 120C). 7000 , , , . 7005, 7075, 7475 7150. 220 605 Mpa.

7075 T651

t . . t6 . ( ). solidus.

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. . . . , . .. . 7000. 7075 330C/sec . 280C/sec.

7075T651:

: % : Al 87,1 91,4

Cr 0,18 0,28

Cu 1,2 2

Fe0,5 Mg 2,1 2,9

Mn 0,3 Si 0,4 Ti 0,2 Zn 5,1 6,1

, 0,05 , 0,15

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:

: : : 2.81 g/cm^3 : : : , Brinell 150 500 g : 10 mm , Knoop 191 , Rockwell A 53.5 , Rockwell B 87 , Vickers 175 A 572 MPa 503 MPa 11 % 1/16 in. (1.6 mm) 11 % 1/2 in. (12.7 mm) 71.7 GPa

. 2% .

Poisson 0.33 159 MPa 500.000.000

RRMoore

20 MPa-m K(IC) S-L 25 MPa-m K(IC) T-L 29 MPa-m K(IC) L-T 70 % 0-100

26.9 GPa 331 MPa

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: : : 5.15e-006 ohm-cm 20C

: : : 23.6 m/mC 20C-100C () 20C

25.2 m/m-C 20C-300C () 20C

0.96 J/gC 130 W/mK 25C 477 - 635 C solidus 477 C liquidus 635 C 413 C 466 - 482 C 121 C

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CAD - CAM - CNC

CAD

(Computer - Aided - Design), . Cad , , , , . Cad Autocad, Solidworks, Parasolid Solidedge.

CAM

Cam (ComputerAidedManufacturing). PLC, .. CNC .

CNC

(ComputerNumericalControl). CNC . , , (.. , , ), . . (feedback) (). , . CNC . . . (, ), , , .O ( ).

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CNC , , . , . . . . , . - G. , , .. . .

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3.

27,2 30,9 31,6. 7076T651 , . 450mm CFRP . 120C CFRP 8bar ( CFRP ) . .

:

: = 23,6*10^-6 : c = 2r = d c = c co= do c = d : d = do( + 1) =>do = d/( + 1)

120C 20C : do1 = 27,2/(23,6*10^-6*100 + 1) = 27,136mm

do2 = 30,827mm do3 = 31,526mm

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:

( ): P = 8bar = 8*10^5 N/ (Young): 71,7GPa = 7,17*10^10N/ Lo = r3 = d3/2 = 15,77025mm

E = / = (F/Ao)/(L/Lo) = P/(L/Lo) => L = (PLo)/E =( 8*10^5*15,77025*10^-3)/(7,17*10^10) = 17,5958*10^-8m = 0,176m

.

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:

( d = 31,6mm)

. . 8 10 P = 1,50 . :

8bar = 8*10^5N/ = (2rl)/2 = rl = 3,14*15,8*10^-3*450*10^-3 = 44650,8*10^-6 = P*A = 8*10^5*19216,8*10^-6 = 35720,64N 35720,64/8 = 4465,08 d2 = d 0,64953*P = 9,025705mm

d3 = d 1,22687*P = 8,159695mm

ds = (d2+ d3)/2 = 8,5927mm

z = / = /(d/4) = 4N/d = 77,0372/ 8.8 vm = 640/ Smin = 6

S = vm/v = 640/77,0372 = 8,3 > 6

.

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:

25mm ( ) 6 . : d = 27,1487mm ,l = 25mm = 6 : tan6 = 0,1051042 (27,1487 x)/(2*25) = 0,1051042 =>

27,1487 x = 5,255212 =>x = 21,8935mm( ) d = 30,8418 x = 23,2743mm d = 31,5405 x = 23,9730mm

Solidworks DassaultSystmesSolidWorksCorp.

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31,526mm 31,6mm:

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wireframe :

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shaded :

shadedwithedges :

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:

:

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30,827mm 30,9mm:

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wireframe :

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shaded :

shadedwithedges :

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:

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:

:

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27,136mm 27,2mm:

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wireframe :

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shaded :

shadedwithedges :

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:

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:

:

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4.

CNC MX45VAE OKUMA . Vermac Vermac. Vermac.

31,526mm 31,6mm:

. Solidcam drilling HSS . 20() 6() 10 10. G MX45VAE.

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.

:

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: 5 :

Vf = fz*z*n fz: , z: n: . Vf = 0,031*z*n = 108,5mm/min

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:

12. , , .

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5.

- Solidworks Ansys Workbench 14 (EN 14781) CEN (European Committee for Standardization). Solidworks CFRP . CEN . (320mm,360mm,400mm). . . 1) 1200:

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2) 1200:

3) 900:

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:

4)

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5)

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6)

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8)

3, , Solidworks . 100000 . .

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L = 320, d = 27,2:

L = 320, d = 30,9:

L = 320, d = 31,6:

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L = 360, d = 27,2:

L = 360, d = 30,9:

L = 360, d = 31,6:

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L = 400, d = 27,2:

L = 400, d = 30,9:

L = 400, d = 31,6:

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, . 300woven 300unidirectional TORAYCA . :

Material 300w T300ud units Elastic Modulus in X 6,00E+10 6,00E+10 N/m2

Elastic Modulus in Y 6,05E+010 1,20E+8 N/m2

Elastic Modulus in Z 1,00E+10 1,00E+10 N/m2

Poisson's Ration in XY 0,26 0.26 N/A

Poisson's Ration in YZ 0,3 0.1 N/A

Poisson's Ration in XZ 0,3 0.3 N/A

Shear Modulus in XY 3,9E+09 3,9E+09 N/m2

Mass Density 1000 1000 kg/m3

Tensile Strength in X 7E+08 7E+08 N/m2

Tensile Strength in Y 7,45E+08 1,49E+07 N/m2

Compressive Strength in X 5,4E+08 5,4E+08 N/m2

Compressive Strength in Y 5,6E+08 1,08E+07 N/m2

Shear Strength in XY 95000000 95000000 N/m2

Yield Strength 2,6E+09 2,6E+09 N/m2

Thermal Expansion Coefficient in X 0,003 0,003 /K

Thermal Conductivity in X 10,46 10,46 W/(mK)

Specific Heat 795 795 J/(kgK)

300woven 0,23mm 300ud 0,16mm.

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VonMises ( 100000 ).

compositeshells Solidworks . 3 VonMises . .

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L = 320, d = 27,2:

0 50mm 215 300mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w

50 215mm 300 320mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w 4 0, 90 T300w 5 0, 90 T300ud 6 0, 90 T300w 7 0, 90 T300w

L = 320, d = 30,9:

0 50mm 215 300mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w

50 215mm 300 320mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w 4 0, 90 T300w 5 0, 90 T300ud 6 0, 90 T300w 7 0, 90 T300w

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L = 320, d = 31,6:

0 50mm 215 300mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w

50 215mm 300 320mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w 4 0, 90 T300w 5 0, 90 T300w 6 0, 90 T300w

L = 360, d = 27,2:

0 60mm 240 340mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w 4 0, 90 T300w

60 240mm 340 360mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w 4 0, 90 T300w 5 0, 90 T300ud 6 0, 90 T300w 7 0, 90 T300w 8 0, 90 T300w

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L = 360, d = 30,9:

0 60mm 240 340mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w 4 0, 90 T300ud

60 240mm 340 360mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w 4 0, 90 T300ud 5 0, 90 T300w 6 0, 90 T300w 7 0, 90 T300w

L = 360, d = 31,6:

0 60mm 240 340mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w 4 0, 90 T300w

60 240mm 340 360mm.

1 45 T300w 2 0, 90 T300w 3 45 T300w 4 0, 90 T300w 5 0, 90 T300w 6 0, 90 T300w

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L = 400, d = 27,2:

0 60mm 260 380mm.

1 45 T300w2 0, 90 T300w3 45 T300w4 0, 90 T300w5 0, 90 T300ud

60 260mm 380 400mm.

1 45 T300w2 0, 90 T300w3 45 T300w4 0, 90 T300w5 0, 90 T300ud 6 0, 90 T300w7 0, 90 T300w8 0, 90 T300w9 0, 90 T300w

L = 400, d = 30,9:

0 60mm 260 380mm.

1 45 T300w2 0, 90 T300w3 45 T300w4 0, 90 T300w

60 260mm 380 400mm.

1 45 T300w2 0, 90 T300w3 45 T300w4 0, 90 T300w5 0, 90 T300w 6 0, 90 T300w7 0, 90 T300w

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L = 400, d = 31,6:

0 60mm 260 380mm.

1 45 T300w2 0, 90 T300w3 45 T300w4 0, 90 T300ud

60 260mm 380 400mm.

1 45 T300w2 0, 90 T300w3 45 T300w4 0, 90 T300ud5 0, 90 T300w 6 0, 90 T300w7 0, 90 T300w

Solidworks. ( 6Nm) . ( ) (100kg) 2 -. 3.

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6.

CFRP : 1) . 2) Dremel.

3) moldcleaner. 4) . 5) .

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7. CFRP

. . (overlap) . . 2 - 2.5 2.5mm . . , . , , , , , . , . 2.5mm . .

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8.

6,5bar. .

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10:

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120C . :

90

PLC :

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:

120C 110 C . .

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, .

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. . . 120C . . 120C . 6,5 bar . .

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12.

:

1) 3D Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites L. Tong, A.P. Mouritz and M.K. Bannister Elsevier

2) Advanced Mechanics of composite Materials

Valery V. Vasiliev and Evgeny V. Morozov

3) Carbon Fiber Composites

Deborah D. L. Chung

Butterworth-Heinemann

4)

5) CARBON FIBERS and their Composites

Peter morgan

Taylor and Francis

6) .

7) Leading Edge Composite Material research

Tobias G.Wouters

Nova

8) .

9) . 10) COMPOSITE MATERIALS design and applications

Daniel Gay Suong V. Hoa Stephen W. Tsai

CRC press

96

11) Engineering Mechanics of Composite Materials

Isaac M.Daniel Ori Ishai

12) FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITES, Materials, Manufacturing and design. P.K. Mallick CRC Press I: http://www.torayca.com http://www.wikipedia.org

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