EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Multilingual illustrated dictionary of aquatic animals and plants

Second edition

B | A ZQA

a0iaicos Ve$ r i E R t

J C ANIMALS

ANIMA^ S ' ^ S I / I T V A T T ^ '

MULTILINGUAL ILLUSTRATED DICTIONARY

OF AQUATIC ANIMALS AND PLANTS

ANIMALES Y PLANTAS ACUTICOS VANDDYR OG -PLANTER

WASSERTIERE UND -PFLANZEN

AQUATIC ANIMALS AND PLANTS ANIMAUX ET PLANTES AQUATIQUES

ANIMALI E PIANTE ACQUATICI WATERDIEREN EN -PLANTEN

ANIMAIS E PLANTAS AQUTICOS VESIELIMET JA -KASVIT

VATTENDJUR OCH -VXTER

Second edition

European Commission

MULTILINGUAL ILLUSTRATED DICTIONARY

OF AQUATIC ANIMALS AND PLANTS

ANIMALES Y PLANTAS ACUTICOS VANDDYR OG -PLANTER

WASSERTIERE UND -PFLANZEN

AQUATIC ANIMALS AND PLANTS ANIMAUX ET PLANTES AQUATIQUES

ANIMALI E PIANTE ACQUATICI WATERDIEREN EN -PLANTEN

ANIMAIS E PLANTAS AQUTICOS VESIELIMET JA -KASVIT

VATTENDJUR OCH-VXTER

Second edition

Fishing News Books * * EUR *

Office for Official Publications * i ^ * of the European Communities * * *

Published by Fishing News Books A division of Blackwell Science Ltd

Osney Mead, Oxford 0X2 OEL, United Kingdom and

Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 2, rue Mercier, L-2985 Luxembourg

Printed in Belgium

British Library Cataloguing in publication data A catalogue record for this book

is available from the British Library ISBN 0-85238-240-5

Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 2, rue Mercier, L-2985 Luxembourg

ISBN 92-828-1886-1

1998 - LI + 548 pp. - 17.6 x 25 cm

First edition published jointly by Fishing News Books and the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1993

Second edition published 1998

All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced,

stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,

photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publishers.

European Communities, 1998

Preface

To understand one another, we need to speak each other's language. While the rich diversity of languages is one of the European Union's glories, when it comes to a field as complex and varied as fish and other aquatic organisms it is easy to lose one's bearings. This glossary should therefore be of inestimable value, not only for translators and scientists but for everyone working in the fishing and aquaculture industry. In these sectors, perhaps more than in others, problems need to be solved by mutual understanding between the people working in them in the different Union countries: the fishermen themselves, the handlers and processors, the wholesalers and retailers, and of course the consumers. At stake is the survival of our fishing communities. Only together will we meet and overcome the difficult times ahead. Overcapacity among our fishing fleets is cutting into the profitability of boats and encouraging cheating, the taking of immature fish is stopping stocks from renewing themselves, the globalisation of our markets is putting pressure on traditional business strategies - not to mention the challenges to our natural environment. All of these have to be tackled head on by the common fisheries policy (CFP).

The CFP's job is to set the 'rules of the game' in such a way as to elicit responsible behaviour, so that we can go on exploiting the wealth of the sea without wasting its resources or exhausting them altogether. The CFP needs to ensure that the industry has a future, that it will become more integrated and up to date, so that consumers can go on buying the good quality, healthy products they want at reasonable prices. To achieve this, the CFP promotes conservation, surveillance and monitoring and research, it supports processing, marketing and promotional campaigns, it sets limits on fleet capacity, it arranges cooperation agreements with non-Community countries, and so on. In all of this, the various partners involved have to understand one another. Every effort to promote mutual comprehension is therefore to be heartily welcomed and this glossary is no exception.

The second edition covers more than 1 500 groups and individual species of fish, cmstaceans, shellfish, molluscs, mammals and aquatic plants, giving their most commonly used names in all 11 languages of the Community plus their scientific name in Latin. Wherever possible, an illustration has been included as well. This impressive volume would not have been feasible without the help of research institutes in the various member countries. It represents a convergence of interests between the world of research and the commercial fishing industry which, although far apart in their day-to-day work, share the same desire for a better understanding and use of the resources of the sea. The glossary is also the fruit of collaboration between research institutes and the Commission's departments dealing with terminology, statistics and fisheries policy. A big thank you, then, to all those who have contributed to it. Your painstaking work has produced more than a beautiful-looking book - it has helped in a highly original way to advance the European enterprise.

U^U-^O

Emma Bonino Member of the European Commission

V

Prefacio

Para comprenderse, es imprescindible tener un lenguaje comn. Si bien la pluralidad de lenguas constituye uno de los grandes patrimonios de la Unin Europea, en un universo de tanta diversidad como el de los recursos acuticos resulta bastante fcil perderse en una maraa de trminos. La presente obra representa por tanto un valiossimo instrumento, no slo para lingistas o cientficos, sino tambin para todos los que trabajan en los sectores de la pesca y de la acuicultura. En estos sectores, quiz ms que en otros, las soluciones a los problemas dependen de la comprensin mutua y de la cooperacin entre profesionales de los distintos pases de la Unin Europea, de pescadores a distribuidores y consumidores, pasando por mariscadores y transformadores. De ello depende incluso el futuro de la actividad pesquera en nuestras regiones, pues las dificultades que se nos plantean slo se pueden afrontar y resolver de forma comn. El exceso de capacidad de las flotas pesqueras, que merma la rentabilidad de los buques e incita al fraude, la captura de peces juveniles e inmaduros, que compromete la renovacin de las poblaciones, la globalizacin de los mercados, que desbarata las estrategias tradicionales de las empresas, y las cuestiones medioambientales son los retos a los que debe hacer frente la poltica pesquera comn (PPC). Ahora bien, la PPC debe fijar unas reglas de juego capaces de aportar soluciones responsables que, a la par que garantizan una explotacin que evite el despilfarro y el agotamiento de los recursos marinos, aseguren el futuro y el desarrollo de una industria moderna e integrada y permitan satisfacer las necesidades de los consumidores, quienes exigen productos de calidad, sanos y a precios razonables. Para ello, la PPC incluye medidas de conservacin, control, investigacin, ayuda a las actividades de transformacin, comercializacin y promocin, limitacin de las capacidades de la flota y cooperacin con terceros pases, y muchas otras intervenciones para las que es necesario el entendimiento entre todas las partes interesadas. Por este motivo, toda iniciativa que, como el presente glosario, contribuya a una mejor comprensin mutua debe ser aplaudida. En esta segunda edicin, se han catalogado ms de mil quinientas especies o grupos de especies de peces, crustceos, moluscos, mamferos y plantas segn sus denominaciones ms corrientes en las once lenguas comunitarias, a las que se ha aadido el nombre cientfico (en latn), acompaadas de ilustraciones siempre que ha sido posible. Este impresionante volumen no habra salido a la luz sin la aportacin de los institutos de investigacin de los distintos pases de la Unin. Constituye un perfecto ejemplo de convergencia de intereses entre el mundo cientfico y el de los profesionales de la pesca que, aunque muy diferentes en cuanto a la naturaleza de su trabajo, comparten el afn de conocer y explotar mejor los recursos marinos.Tambin es producto de la colaboracin entre esos institutos de investigacin y los servicios de la Comisin Europea encargados de la terminologa, las estadsticas y la poltica pesquera. Quiero expresar nuestro agradecimiento a todos los que han participado en esta obra, pues mediante su minuciosa investigacin y su trabajo han contribuido a mucho ms que a la publicacin de un hermoso libro: han colaborado de una forma original en el progreso de la construccin europea.

UA c O

Emma Bonino Miembro de la Comisin Europea

VI

Forord

For at kunne forst hinanden m vi tale samme sprog. Ganske vist er sprogenes mangfoldighed et af EU's store aktiver, men man kommer let til kort, nr man har at gre med et s rigt og varieret fagomrde som vanddyr og -planter. Dette vrk er derfor et vigtigt arbejdsredskab, ikke blot for sprogfolk og videnskabsmnd, men ogs for alle dem, som arbejder i sektoren for fiskeri og akvakultur. Det glder mske endnu mere i denne sektor end i andre sektorer, at hvis problemerne skal lses, er alle sektorens aktrer i de forskellige EU-lande ndt til at samarbejde og forst hinanden - bde fiskere, distributrer, engroshandlere, forarbejdningsvirksomheder og forbrugere. Det drejer sig om selve fiskeriets fremtid i vore regioner, fordi de nuvrende problemer kun kan imdegs og lses i fllesskab. Den flles fiskeripolitik str over for en rkke udfordringer: overkapaciteten i fiskerflden, der nedstter fartjernes rentabilitet og forleder til svig; fiskeri