C.W. Shelmerdine Introduction to Greek 2 nd edition (Newburyport, MA: Focus, 2008) Chapter 2.

C.W. Shelmerdine Introduction to Greek 2 nd edition (Newburyport, MA: Focus, 2008) Chapter 2

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 1.Verb formation: terminology 2.The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1 st principal part) 3.Verb accents 4.The negative 5.Common conjunctions

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 Five items to know and identify about every Greek verb: PERSON NUMBER TENSE MOOD VOICE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 PERSON - subject of verb 1 st (I, we) 2 nd (you, yall) 3 rd (she, he, it, they, Godzilla, etc) NUMBER TENSE MOOD VOICE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 PERSON NUMBER - subject of verb Singular (I, you, she, he, it, Godzilla) Plural (we, yall, they, Godzillas) TENSE MOOD VOICE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 PERSON NUMBER TENSE - time present MOOD VOICE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 PERSON NUMBER TENSE MOOD purpose of verb in sentence indicative VOICE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 PERSON NUMBER TENSE MOOD VOICE relationship of subject to verb active

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 parse/parsing 1 st, 2 nd or 3 RD PERSON SINGULAR or PLURAL PRESENT INDICATIVE ACTIVE

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 1.Verb formation: principal parts Principal parts are a shorthand way of indicating how an individual verb forms its tenses. For example, in English: carry carried carried go went gone sing sang sung all summarize how these verbs form their tenses.

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 1.Verb formation: principal parts In Greek, there are seven tenses and three voices, although few verbs have all possible combinations of these. Six principal parts provide the shorthand for the possible tenses and voices. We will learn these parts as we learn the tenses and voices.

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 2. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1 st principal part) All verbs in this chapter are present indicative active.

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 2. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1 st principal part) All verbs in this chapter have two parts a stem which tells you the vocabulary meaning of the verb an ending which tells you the person and number

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 2. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1 st principal part) Since only the ending tells you the person and number, you must use the ending to determine the subject of the verb (which normally will not be expressed by a separate word).

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 singular - (I) - (you) - (s/he, it) plural - (we) - (you, yall) - (they) the endings for present indicative active verbs

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 singular (I loose) (you loose) (s/he, it looses) plural (we loose) (you, yall loose) (they loose) the stem = loose

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 singular (I have) (you have) (s/he, it has) plural (we have) (you, yall have) (they have) the stem = have

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 2. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1 st principal part) Greek has only one present tense, so = we have or we are having or we do have

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 2. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1 st principal part) Any word in Greek which ends in - adds an additional when followed by either (1) a word beginning with a vowel or (2) a mark of punctuation.

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 2. The present active indicative of thematic verbs (1 st principal part) This rule affects the spelling and pronunciation of verbs in the 3 rd person plural. It does not change the meaning. ... they have and ... they have but . they have.

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 Looking up a Greek verb In a vocabulary, glossary, lexicon, or dictionary, a Greek verb is listed by its 1 st person, singular, present, indicative, active form loose the form means I loose, but the vocabulary will just say loose the stem is everything before the : stem = -

ELEMENTARY GREEK Most Greek verbs have recessive accent = the accent wants to recede back (left) to the antepenult. The length of the vowel in the ultima determines how far back the accent can recede. If the ultima is short, the accent recedes to the antepenult: short ultimaaccent on antepenult

ELEMENTARY GREEK Most words in Greek have recessive accent = the accent wants to recede back (left) to the antepenult. The length of the vowel in the the ultima determines how far back the accent can recede. If the ultima is long (= two shorts), the accent recedes only to the penult: long ultimaaccent on penult

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 4. The negative The word means not and negates a verb: = we loose = we do not loose

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 4. The negative normally does not have an accent and precedes the word it negates: before a vowel, adds a , with no change in meaning before a vowel with a rough breathing, the becomes a - , with no change in meaning

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 5. Common conjunctions This chapter introduces two common conjunctions and but

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 5. Common conjunctions Notice that both and have acute accents on the ultima. Any word with an acute accent on the ultima changes it to grave when followed by another word: We write and we sacrifice but we run away. this is the only use of the grave accent

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 5. Common conjunctions Before a word beginning with a vowel, elides to We pursue but we do not run away.

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 Vocabulary LSU uses a Core Vocabulary of about 1,100 words which you learn during the first two years of Greek. You are responsible only for vocabulary in Shelmerdine which also appears in the Core Vocabulary.

Shelmerdine Chapter 2 Vocabulary In Moodle is a pdf listing which words in Shelmerdine you are responsible for this semester All the vocabulary listed in Chapter 2 is in the Core Vocabulary.

ELEMENTARY GREEK for tomorrow (***): Quiz: given a verb (as in the vocabulary), write out all six forms

C.W. Shelmerdine Introduction to Greek 2 nd edition (Newburyport, MA: Focus, 2008) Chapter 2.

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