Bonhn 10 two - khmerarts.weebly.comkhmerarts.weebly.com/uploads/2/3/0/1/23010010/___.pdf · CaTIta...

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eroberogeday Pikçú suvNÑeCaeta PYg-suvNÑ

BuT§skraC 2547 ¬sRmab;CaFmμTan¦

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-esovePA buBaØkiriyavtßú10 -eroberogedayFm μacarü suvNÑeCaeta PYg-suvNÑ -GñkBinitü Fm μacarü Fm μ)aela san-sb,ay Fm μacarü GKÁFIera Kg;-sumitþ sameNr Gan-vNÑ³ sameNr RTI-e)a:éN sameNr esg-vu:n sameNr rI-saEr:n -Gñkman]bkar³ elakm©as;RKÚ emtþa)aela Twm esOt )anGnuBaØat[eRbIR)as;kMuBüÚT½rrbs;sgÇ . PikçúGKÁFIera Kg; sumitþ GñkvayGtßbT RBHsgÇ nig BuT§bris½T vtþnieRKaFv½n {Kl;TTwg} ])asika hug ecg Caevyüavc©kr . -TIkEnøgeFVI vtþnieRKaFv½n {Kl;TTwg} . -Fm μTaneday BuT§bris½TTUeTA -BuT§skraC 2547

3

GarmÖkfa es[vePA buBa¦kiriyavtæú 10 enH ekIteLIgeday

GaRs&yehtuxageRkamenH ?

1-x\MúRBHkruNa GatμaPaB :nsikSaer[nsURtRBHZm(

tamry;Km¬IrRBHéRtbidk nigGdðkzaCaedIm :neXIj

RBHBuTÆdIkaBIeraH> EdlTak´Tgkñúgkic©karbuNükusl nig

kic©bdibtþiepSg> kñúgbuJ¦kiriyavtúæTaMg 10 y¨ag EdlCa

esckIþlÁKYreZVI eRBaHCaehtu CaTItaMgénpllÁekIteLIg

EdlsRmab´CRmHesckIþesAhμgkñúgsnþancitþ nigCaehtu

CaTItaMgénpllÁ Edlsb|úrsTaMgLay KYreZVI KYrbdibtþi

KYrceRmInÇÇÇ .

2-edaymanesckIþsegVKkñúgCIvit eRJH:neXIj

RBHBuTÆdIkamYykEnøgEdlRBHmanRBHPaK Rtasza ?

²óbnIyti CIvitmb|mayuM CrUbnItsS n snþi taNa ÉtM PyM mreN ebk¡maena elakamisM bCeh snþiebek¡a ; CIvitKWGayu ‘rbs´stVTaMgLay’

tictYceBkNas´ d|itCraEtgnaMcUleTArk ‘esckþIsøab’

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4

kalebIstVEdlRtÚvCranaMcUleTACit ‘esckþIsøab’ehIy

nwgrkGVIRCkekanBMumaneLIy kalebIbuK<lsMLwgeXIj

P&yn@uH kñúgesckþIsøabehIy CaGñkR:zñaesckþIsáb

RtÚvEtlHbg´Gamis; kñúgelakecj ³ .

eRJHehtuenaH :nCax\MúRBHkruNa GatμaPaB xMRbwg

sikSaRsavRCav dkRsgRBHBuTÆdIkaxøH EdlmanenAkñúg

Km¬IrRBHéRtbidk nigERbesckIþkñúgGdðkzanigbrmtæeCatik;

CaedIm EdlTak´TgkñúgbuJ¦kiriyavtúæ er[ber[goekItCa

es[vePAenHeLIg edIm|I:nCaRbeyaCn¾ sRmabBuTÆbris&T

sikSaer[nsURt nigeKarBRbtibtþi enAkñúgRBHBuTÆsasna

nwg:nnUvesckIþceRmInteTA .

es[vePAenH Kg´manxusedayGtænigBüJ¢n; nig

Gk¡raviruTÆxøH ß mankarxusq<gedayRbkarNanImYyBMuxan

CYnkalxusedayesckIþPøaMgPøat´ CYnkalxusedayecH

mindl´ karxusTaMgGs´enH sUmGP&yeTas nig sUmGñk

R:C\TaMgCYyEksRmÜl tamRBHBuTÆOvaT edaykusl-

ectnapgcuH .

x GarmÖkfa

5

edaymhakuslectnaNa EdlekItGMBIZmμTan

sUmóTÞisnUves[vePAenH Cask,arbUCazVaycMeJHRBH

rtnRt&y sUmbuNükusl :nseRmcdl´jati

mYyGenøIdl´sBVstVTaMgBYgTaMgLay RBmTaMgGñkEdl

kMBugkan´GannUves[vePAenH cUr:nesckþIsux oman

esckþIekSm cUrCaGñkesayrsénRBHsTÆmμ rbs´

RBHmanRBHPaKcuH .

sUmGnuemaTna !!!

BuT§mNÐlmhastib,dæan vtþnieRKaFv½n {Kl;TTwg}

éf¶ 11 ekIt ExplÁún qñaMmEm B>s>2547 Pikçú suvNÑeCaeta PYg-suvNÑ

K GarmÖkfa

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esckþIbBa¢ak; esovePA buBaØkiriyavtßú10 enH xJú M)an

eroberogeLIg nig)ane)aHBum< kñúgBuT§skraC 2547 kalenaHdak;eQ μaHesovePA TsbuBaØ-kir iyavtß ú rhUtmkdl;BuT§skraC 2554 enH eday manRBHkruNaCaeRcInrUb nigBuT§bris½TCaeRcIn pgEdr ecHEtmksYrrkesovePAenH xJú MRBHkuNa k¾)ancat;EcgykeTAe)aHBum<Caf μ Í b:uEnþcMeBaHkar e)aHBum<f μ ÍenH xJú MRBHkuNa )anEksRmÜl nigEfm esckþIxøHeTot edÍm,I[esovePAenH manlkçN³ kan;Etl¥RbesIr . sUmBuT§bris½T eRtkGrGnuemaTnanUvkusl-Fm μTanRKb;y:ag sUm)anesckþIsux rYcputcakTukç TaMgBYg sUmGnuemaTna ¡¡¡

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snøwk®)ab;matika matika TMB½r GarmÖkfa >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> k snøwkR)ab;matika >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> g I. GFib,aykic©karbuNüepSg² >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 1 II. BakübuBaØkiriyavtßú 10 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 5 III. buBaØkiriyavtßú 10 sEmþgCaBIrn½y >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 7 IV. vcntßrbs;buBaØkiriyavtßú 10 Rbkar RBmTaMgBaküGFib,ay nigRbePT >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 9 1-Tanmy³ 9

1>1 TanvtßúkñúgRBHvin½y 4 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 15 1>2 TanBYkBIr >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 15 1>3 TanBYk 3 ¬tikTan¦ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 18 1>4 TanBYk 5 Gsb,úrisTan 5 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>>>> 24 sb,úrisTan 5 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 25 sb,úrisTan 5 y:ag RBmTaMgGanisgS >>>>>> 26

g

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kalTan 5 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 29 1>5 qLgÁTan >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 30 1>6 Tanman 8 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 39 1>7 Tanvtßú 8 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 42 1>8 sb,úrisTan 8 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 44 1>9 Tan 21 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 45 )adíbuKÁlikTan man 14 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 46 sgÇKtaTkçiNaTan man 7 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 48 GFib,ay)adíbuKÁlikTan >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 49 GFib,aysgÇKtaTkçiNaTan >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 59 1>10 srubTan >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 66 1>11 )alIsEmþgkarsrubTanTaMg 4 y:ag >>>>>> 66 1>12 lkçN³CaedImrbs;Tankusl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 68 1>13 bdiekçbFm’CaedImrbs;Tankusl >>>>>>>>> 68 1>14 GanisgSTan 5 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 69 1>15 karekIteLIgénTanman 8 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>> 70 1>16 buBVeyaKrbs;RBH)aTmhasuTsSn >>>>>>> 76

c

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plénkusl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 79 1>17 erOgRBH)aTnnÞraC >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 82 1>18 erOgRBHeTvIRBHnameKa)almata >>>>>>>>>> 87

2-sIlmy³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 90 2>1 sIlb,ePTkfa >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 95 RkúmsIl2 ¬EckCa 7 BYk¦ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 96 RkúmsIl3 ¬EckCa 5 BYk¦ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 97 RkúmsIl4 ¬EckCa 4 BYk¦ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 97 RkúmsIl5 ¬EckCa 2 BYk¦ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 98 2>2 RbePTénsIl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 99 2>3 PaBCaGñkRTúsþsIlnigGlC¢IénPikçúnigPikçínI 102 2>4 GñkRTúsþsIlnigGlC¢I sRmab;sameNr >>> 104 2>5 GñkRTúsþsIlnigGlC¢IsRmab;RKhsß >>>>>>>> 107 2>6 BaküfaRTússIl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 108 2>7 karsmaTansIlrbs;RKhsß 2 RbePT >>> 109 karsmaTansIl 5 CaÉkCÄsmaTan >>>>>> 113

q

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karsmaTansIl 5 Cabec©ksmaTan >>>>>> 114 karsmaTan]e)asfsIlCaÉkCÄsmaTan 115 karsmaTan]e)asfsIlCabec©ksmaTan 115 esckþIxusEbøkKñaénkarsmaTan >>>>>>>>>>>>> 116 2>8 )adihariybkç]e)asf >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 117 2>9 sIlviessrbs;XravasTaMgLay >>>>>>>>>>> 119 2>10 eQ μaHénGaCIvdæmksIl nigkarepSgKña rbs;GñkrkSabBa©sIlnigGaCIvdæmksIl >>>> 120 2>11 karEcksIledaynic©sIlnigGnic©sIl >>> 121 2>12 karEcksIledaycaritþsIlnigvaritþsIl 122 2>13 viFIsmaTanRBmTaMgBuT§RbNam éRtsrNKmn_nigsikçabT >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 123 2>14 viFIsmaTanGaCIvdæmksIl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 123 2>15 viFIsmaTannvgÁúe)asfsIl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 116 2>16 viFIsmaTanTsgÁsIl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 119 2>17 PsþútagEdlTTYl)an eRkayBIrkSasIl 133 2>18 lkçNCaedImrbs;sIlkusl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 135

C

11

2>19 bdiekçbFm’CaedImrbs;sIlkusl >>>>>>>>>>> 136 2>20 GanisgS]e)asfsIl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 137 2>21 GanisgSsIl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 139 2>22 sIlvetßrKafa >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 147 2>23 sIlvimMsCatk >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 151

3-Pavnamy³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 154 3>1 lkçNCaedImrbs;Pavnakusl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 156 3>2 bdiekçbFm’CaedImrbs;Pavnakusl >>>>>>>>>> 157

4-Gbcaynmy³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 158 4>1 Gbcayn³man 2 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 159 4>2 buKÁlEdlKYreKarB»nlMeTan 3 RbePT >>> 160 4>3 esckþIeKarBnigmineKarB >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 162 4>4 KafasEmþgGanisgSrbs;Gbcayn³ >>>>>>>> 167

5-evyüavc©my³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 170 5>1 buBVkm μrbs;]tþrmaNB >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 172 5>2 buBVkm μrbs;RBHraCacNÐbeC¢at >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 173

Q

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6-btþiTanmy³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 178 7-btþanuemaTanmy³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 180

7>1 karGnuemaTnabuNüEdlmineQμaHfa btþanuemaTnaedayRtg; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 182 7>2 cMENkbuNüEdleK]TÞis[ 2 Rbkar >>>>>>>> 183 7>3 viFIEckbuNüRbePT]TÞisSikbtþi >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 187 7>4 viFIEckbuNüRbePTGnuTÞisSikbtþi >>>>>>>>>>>>> 188 7>5 erOg])askmñak; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 188 7>6 erOgsgçRBahμN_ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 190 7>7 viharviman >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 192 7>8 erOgeRbtCamataénRBHsarIbutþ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 195 7>9 karGnuemaTnabuNüCakarRbedAcitþmYyEpñk 202

8-FmμsSvnmy³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 204 8>1 karsþab;Fm’tamkalCamgÁl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 206 8>2 GanisgSTaMgLay 4 Rbkar énFm’ EdlcUleTAkan;RtecokerOy² >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 210 8>3 erOgkukáúdI FmμsSvnkfa >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 219

j

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9-FmμeTsnamy³ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 222 9>1 GanisgSFmμeTsnakusl >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 223 9>2 FmμTan >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 226 9>3 FmμkfikGñksEmþgFm’man 5 y:ag >>>>>>>>>>> 235 9>4 KafakñúgkinÞTsURt >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 236 10-TidæúCukmμ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 138 10>1 bc©½yénkm μsSktajaN 3 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 142 10>2 sm μaTidæi 10 Rbkar >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 143 10>3 GgÁFm’rbs;TidæúCukm μ kñúgxN³TaMg 3 rbs;ectna >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 246 10>4 srubbuBaØkiriyavtßú 7 Rbkar cUlkñúgTan sIl Pavna >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 250 10>5 GFib,ayFm’CabdibkçnwgTanCaedIm >>>>>>> 252 10>6 karse®gÁaHFmμeTsnanigTidæúCukm μ n½ymYyeTot tamGdækfa GFib,ayBuT§Pasit >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 256 11-niFikNÐsURt >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 259

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14

RBHKazaKazaB&nÆ

‘sutþnþbidk elx53 TMB&r69’

buJ¦emv esa siek¡yü GaytK<M suxiRTyM TanJ© smcriyJ© emtþcitþJ© Pavey Éet Zem μ PavyitVa teya suxsmuTÞey GBüabCÄM suxM elakM bNÐieta óbbC¢ti .

kulbuRtGñkR:zñaRbeyaCn¾ KYrsikSanUvbuNü Edl

manplbribUrN¾ manvi:kCasux KWKYrceRmInTanpg

karRbRBwtþies μ I KWsIlpg emtþacitþpg luHceRmInZm(

TaMg 3 enH EdlmanGanisgSCasuxehIy rEmgcUl

eTAkan´elakEdlCasux «tmankareb[teb[n .

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vtßúCaTItaMgénkarbMeBjbuNü 10 Rbkar 1

nema tsS PKveta Grheta sm μasm¬úTÆsS

sUmnms,ar cMeJHRBHmanRBHPaK

Grhnþsm μasm¬úTÆGg<enaH .

TsbuBaØkiriyavtßú I. GFib,aykic©karbuNüepSg²

²citþúb|aTvesn bentM GdðviZM ehati³ kareZVIkic©karbuNüepSg> edaykay vaca citþ

EdlCaesckþIlÁ rbs´buK<lkñúgelak Edlsb|úrs

TaMgLay:nTTYls<al´za ²CaesckIþlÁ³ eRBaHminman

karCMTasńwgOvaT BaküTUn μanrbs´RBHsm μasm¬úTÆ Edl

buK<lTaMgLay:nRbRBwtþbdibtþitmk rhUtdl´sBVézá

enHenaH suTÆEtCakamavcrkuslTaMgGs´ . kargarEdl

CaesckþIlÁepSg> TaMgGsénaH kalBN(natamevahar

‘kareBal’ehIy k*maneRcInCaTIbMput EdlminGac

BN(naoGs´:n . eTaHbICayägenaHk*eday esckIþlÁ

TsbuBaØkiriyavtßú 2

epSg>TaMgenaH minEmnCakareZVIlÁGVIdéTeRkAGMBIkusl-

km μbz 10 nig buBa¦kiriyavtæú 10 enHeT .

dUecñaH karsEmþgkargarbuNükusl EdlCa

esckþIlÁ mankuslkm μbz 10 nigbuBa¦kiriyavtæú 10enH

CakareBaltamEpñksutþnþn&y . EtebIeBaltam

sPavn&yehIy k*:ndl´karekIteLIgrbs´mhakusl-

citþúb|aT 8 dYgenaHbüeNÑaH .

mYyeT[t kargarEdlmnusSTaMgLay :nnaMKñaeZVI

mkenH ebIeBaltamesckIþBitehIy k*:ndl´rUbnig

nam KW kaynigcitþTaMgBIrbüeNÑaH EdlCaGñkeZVIeLIg .

eBalKW kay mannaTIeZVIç citþmannaTIbBa¢a dUcGñkeZVI

karCamYyemkar ß dUctYrznigGñkbrrz eRBaHehtuenaH

GñkEdlmincUlcitþkñúgnamZm( KW citþ RtwmEtylćUlcitþ

kñúgrUbZm( KW ragkayEtmüägç kalxøÜnÉgeZVIminlÁ ß

eXIjGñkdéTeZVIminlÁ k*minGacedaHRsayEkéxoRtLb´

CalÁeLIgvij:n RtwmEteZVIkaredaHRsay EklMG

edayviZIrak´> bnþicbnþÜc kalxøÜnÉgeZVIlÁ ß eXIjGñk

déTeZVIlÁ nwgeZVIkarKaMRT elIkTwkcitþolÁéRkElgeLIg


eTA k*eZVImin:ndUcKña . ebI:nk*RtwmEtbnþicbnþÜc

minGacKaMRT elIkTwkcitþ oRCÜtRCabdlćitþBit:n .

karCadUecñH k*eRBaHkaredaHRsayEklMG nigkarKaMRT

elIkTwkcitþrbs´mnusSeyIgenH eZVI:nCayäglÁbMput

RtwmEtrUbragkayEdlCarbs´xageRkAmüäg . cMENk

GñkEdlmanesckIþcUlcitþlÁTaMgrUb nig namenaH ebIeZVI

karedaHRsayEklMG kareZVIpøÚvkay vaca citþ Edl

minlÁrbs´xøÜnÉg ßbuK<ldéT k*eZVIkaredaHRsayo

seRmc:n karmanOkaseZVIkarelIkTwkcitþ kareZVItam

pøÚvkay vaca citþ EdllÁrbs´xøÜnÉg ßbuK<ldéTehIy

k*Gac‘elIkTwkcitþ’ oRCÜtRCabdlćitþ:nyäglÁ .

karRbRBwtiþeTAdUecñH k*eRBaHCab´mkGMBIesckIþ

sm<al´rbs´rUbnignam KW kay citþ manesckIþsm<al´

epSg>KñaenaHÉg KW kaymannaTIeZVItamBakübg<ab´rbs´

citþç citþmannaTInwkKit BicarNa RtiHriH catÉcg bg<ab´

okayvaca EdlCarUb eZVIkargartamcitþbg<ab´ .

edayehtuenH kargarEdllÁ EdlCakuslkm μbz 10


nig buBa¦kiriyavtæú 10 EdlR:kdRbRBwtþeTAkñúgRbCMuCn

RKb´zñak´ RKbĆatisasn¾:nenaH k*eRBaHedaysarehtu

Cab´mkGMBImhakuslcitþúb|aT 8 dYg EdlCanamZm(

KW citþenaHÉg .

ebIev[rcakmhakuslcitþúb|aT 8 dYg enHecj

ehIy kareZVIlÁ mankuslkm μbz 10 nig buBa¦kiriyavtæú

10 k*RtÚvsabsUnüeTAGMBIBYkmnusSTaMgRsúg enAmanEt

kareZVIEdlCaTuc©rit ‘GMeBIGaRkk´tampøÚvkayvacanigcitþ’

TuraCIB ‘mankarciBa©wmCIvitGaRkk´’ Etmüäg manR:kdenA

kñúgmnusSelak EdlCab´mkGMBIGkuslcitþúb|aT CaGñk

bBa¢a kalCadUecñH mnusSelakenH k*minepSgGVIBIstV-

tircäan ebInwgniyayyägxøIehIy eBlNamhakusl

citþúb|aT 8 dYg CaGñkbBa¢a kay vaca eZVIlÁ eBlenaH

kareZVIrbsĆnTaMgLay k*taMgenAkñúgkuslkm μbz

buBa¦kiriyavtæú 10 . eBlNa Gkuslcitþúb|aT 12 dYg

CaGñkbBa¢a eBlenaH kareZVIk*CaTuc©rit TuraCIBeTA .


ehtuenaHÉg RBHGnuruTÆacarü eTIbmanesckIþR:zña

cg´odwgmUlehtu EdlCaGg<Zm(énkareZVIkuslkm μbz

10 nig buBa¦kiriyavtæú 10 teTAeday:lIza ?

²citþúb|aTvesn bentM GdðviZM ehati ERbza

kamavcrkuslkm μenH kaleBaledaykarekIteLIg

rbs´citþehIy rEmgman 8 ³ .

II. BaküfabuBaØkiriyavtßú enAkñúgKm¬IrbrmtæTIbnI-Gdðkza Bnül´za Baküza

buBa¦kiriyavtæú enH esckþIza kuslTaMgLayEdloekIt

plkñúgPBEdlKYrbUCa ß CRmHsnþanrbs´xøÜn eRBaH

dUecñaH eTIbeQ μaHza buJ¦ buJ¦TaMgenaHpg eQ μaHza Ca

kiriya eRBaHRtÚveZVIedayehtu edaybc©&yTaMgLaypg

eRBaHehtuenaH eTIbeQ μaHza buJ¦kiriyaç buJ¦kiriya

enaHÉg eQ μaHza buJ¦kiriyavtæú eRBaHCaTItaMgénGanisgS

enaH> .


kñúgKm¬IrbrbtæeCatik; za Baküza buBa¦kiriyavtæú enH CaPasa:lI ERbza esckIþlÁEdlKYreZVI eRBaHCa

ehtu CaTItaMgénGanisgS ‘KuNRbeyaCn¾ ßesckþIsux-

ceRmIn’ . kalEckbTehIy :n 3 bT KW

buBa¦ = Rkiy = vtæúç buBa¦ mann&yza kargar

EdllÁ EdlsRmab´CRmHesckIþesAh μg ekþARkhay

Rkiy mann&yza KYreZVIç vtæú mann&yza Caehtu

CaTItaMgénGanisgS .

dUcsEmþgvcntæ;za ?

Gtþena snþanM bunati esaeZtIti × buBa¦ M kareZVINa rEmgCRmHsnþancitþrbs´xøÜnosÁatbrisuTÆ

dUecñaHkareZVIenaH eQ μaHza buNü :ndl´ karbric©aKTan

rkSasIl ceRmInPavnaCaedIm . sb|úrieshi katBVniþ kiriyM kareZVINa Edl

sb|úrsTaMgLayKYreZVI KYrceRmIn dUecñaH kareZVIenaH

eQ μaHza kiriy :ndl´ karbric©aKTan rkSasIl

ceRmInPavnaCaedIm .


et et GanisMsa vsSnþi tidðnþ i Étæati × vtæú GanisgS ‘plénkusl’ epSg> rEmgtaMgenAkñúg

kareZVINa dUecñaH kareZVIenaHeQ μaHza vtæú :ndl´

karbric©aKTan rkSasIl ceRmInPavnaCaedIm .

kiriyM buBa¦ M × buBa¦RkiyM esckIþlÁEdl

sb|úrsTaMgLayKYreZVI eQ μaHza buBa¦kiriya .

buBa¦RkiyBa© tM vtæúcati × buBa¦kiriyvtæú kareZVIEdlCaesckIþlÁ Edlsb|úrsTaMgLayKYreZVI nig

CaTItaMgénGanisgS dUecñaH kareZVIenaH eQ μaHza

buBa¦kiriyavtæú :ndl´ karbric©aKTan rkSasIl

ceRmInPavnaCaedIm .

III. buBaØkiriyavtßú 10 sEmþgCaBIrn½y

sEmþgCasutþnþn&y buBa¦kiriyavtæú 10 mancMnYn

30 :ndl´ kaykm μTan vcIkm μTan menakm μTan CaedIm

dUcEdl:neBalmkehIy .


sEmþgedayGPiZm μn&y buBa¦kiriyavtæú10 mancMnYn

11 ß 23 KW

Tan man 1 :ndl´ menakm μTan EdlCa

GnPiCÄaç

sIl man 2 :ndl´ kaykm μsIl vcIkm μsIl

EdlCakaykm μ 3 vcIkm μ 4ç

Pavna Gbcayn; evyüavc©; TaMgbIenH man 1

:ndl´ menakm μ EdlCaGBüa:T; nig sm μaTidðiç

btþiTan btþanuemaTna TaMgBIrenH man 1 :ndl´

menakm μEdlCaGnPiCÄa nig sm μaTidðiç

Zm μsSvn; man 1 :ndl´ menakm μEdlCa

sm μaTidðiç

Zm μeTsna man 1 :ndl´ menakm μEdlCa

GnPiCÄa GBüa:T; sm μaTidðiç

TidðúCukm μ man 1 :ndl´ menakm μEdlCa

sm μaTiidði .


IV. vcntßrbs;buBaØkiriyavtßú 10 Rbkar RBmTaMgBaküGFib,aynigRbePT

1-Tanmy³ enAkñúgKm¬IrbrmtæTIbnI-Gdðkza Bnül´za ?

Baküza TanmyM :ndl´ ectnaCaeRK}gbric©aK

eTyüZm(rbs´xøÜndl´GñkdéT edayGMNacénkarGnueRKaH

ßedayGMNacénkarbUCa rbs´GñkEdlkat´#sKl´ KW

PBenAminTan´dac´ eQ μaHza Tan eRBaHCaehtuénkaro .

TanenaHÉg eQ μaHza Tanmy . ectnaEdlRbRBwtþeTA

ehIy kñúgkalTaMg 3 KW kñúgkalEdlCacMENkxagedIm

taMgGMBIkarobc©&y 4 TaMgenaHekIteLIg 1 kñúgevla

bric©aK 1 kñúgkaresamnsScitþ rlwkdl´xageRkay

‘GMBITIoehIy’ 1 rbs´GñkovtæúenaH> kñúgbNþabc©&y 4

mancIvrCaedIm ßkñúgbNþaTanvtæú 10 y¨ag man:y

CaedIm ßbNþaGarm μN¾ 6 manrUbCaedIm eQ μaHza

buJ¦kiriyavtæú EdlseRmcedaykaroTan .


müägeT[t kñúgevlaEdlGñko:yCaedIm o‘Tan’

edayKitza ²eyIgnwgo:y nigTwkCaedIm³ kþI eday

rlwkdl´Tan:rmI kþI buJ¦kiriyavtæú CaTanmy; .

enAkñúgbrmtæeCatik; GZib|ayza ?

Tan sEmþgvcntæ;za TIyti Éetnati × TanM CnTaMgLay Kb|IoedayectnaenH dUecñH ectnaEdl

Caehtuénkaro eQ μaHza Tan .

Baküza Tan tamvcntæ;enH :ndl´ tYectna

EdlCaehtuénkaroTanseRmc:n .

n&ymYyeT[t TatBVniþ × TanM vtæúyägNa

EdlCnTaMgLayKb|Io dUecñaH vtæúyägenaH eQ μaHza

Tan :ndl´ vtæúEdlKb|Io ‘TatBVvtæú ß eTyüZm μ’ .

vcntæ;TaMgBIrenH CaeRK}gcgÁúlbgØajodwgza

Tan man 2 yäg KW ectnaTan nig vtæúTan . TaMg 2

yägenH ectnaTan man 3 yäg eBaledaykal KW

buBVectnaTan ‘ectnaEdlekIteLIgmunGMBIkalo’ taMg

GMBIkalEdl:nKitza nwgeZVIbuNüoTan ß taMgGMBI


kalEsVgrkvtæúEdlCaeTyüZm(° muBa©nectna ‘ectna

EdlekIteLIg kñúgxN;EdlkMBugo’° GbrectnaTan

‘ectnaEdlekIteLIg eRkayGMBIkaloTanrYcehIy’ .

PaBénbIti Eq ÁtcitþkñúgkaroenaH ectnaTaMg 3 man

buBVectnaTanCaedImenH ebI:nOkas k*nwgGacopl

kñúgbdisnÆikal oekItCamnusSeTvta:n dUcman

sEmþgTukkñúgRBH:lIGbTanza ²ÉkbuböM yCitVan GsItikb|ekadieya TuK<tw naPiCanami Ék-bubösSiTM plM karbUCaedayp,aeQImYyTg eZVIox\Múm©as´

mins<al´TuK<tiPB mannrkCaedIm rhUtdlévla 80

ekadiGayukb| ß rhUtdlévla 80 ekadiCati enHÉg

CaplEdl:nTTYlGMBIkarzVayp,aeQIRtwmEtmYyTg³ .

tamRBH:lIenH minEmnza nwgbeBa©jploekIt

CamnusSeTvtaCab´tKñaer]y>rhUt 80 ekadiGayukb| ß

80 ekadiPBCati :nedayRtgÉtmþgn@uHeT KWRtwmEtCa

edImehtu CYyoekItCamnusSeTvta kñúgPBTI 2 eBl

:nekItmkCamnusS eTvta kñúgPBTI 2 ehIy k*:n


ceRmInkuslepSg> Ezmz μ IeT[tteTA kuslzI μkñúgPBTI 2

enaH k*CYyoekItCamnusSeTvta kñúgPBTI 3 teTA

kal:nekItmkCamnusS eTvta kñúgPBTI 3 ehIy

k*:nsag ceRmInkuslepSg> eLIgz μ IeT[tteTA

kuslEdl:nekItz μ I kñúgPBTI 3 enaH k*CYyoekItCa

mnusS eTvta kñúgPBTI 4 teTA y¨agenHeTAer]y>

mindac´ry;rhUtdl´ 80 ekadiPBCati dUecñaH elakeTIb

eBalza GanisgSénkarbUCaedayp,aeQIRtwmEtmYyTg

enaH GacCYyoputcakTuK<tiPB :nGs´kalCayUr

GEgVg .

mYyeT[t ectnaTaMg 3 manbuBVectnaCaedImenH

minEmnmanbribUrN¾RKb´kalTaMg 3 Canic©eTAeT eBal

KW eBlxøH muBa©nectnaman EtbuBVectna Gbrectna

minmanç buBVectnaman EtmuBa©nectna Gbrectna

minmanç Gbrectnaman EtbuBVectna muBa©nectna

minmanç eBlxøH muBa©nectna buBVectna TaMg 2 man

EtGbrectna minmanç muBa©nectna Gbrectnaman


EtbuBVectna minmanç buBVectna Gbrectnaman Et

muBa©nectna minmanç eBlxøH k*minmanTaMg 3 kal .

kñúgectnaTaMg 3 enH kaleBaledaykarekIt

gayRsYl ßlM:kehIy muBa©nectnaekItgayRsÜl

Gbrectna ekIt:nlM:k dUecñaH ebIectnaekItminRKb´

TaMg 3 kal dUc:neBalmkehIy kareZVITandUecñH

rEmgmanGanisgSminceRmIn dUecñaH KYrBüayameZVITan

oRBmedayectnaTaMg 3 ebIectnaekIteLIgRBmTaMg 3

kaledaylÁ kareZVITanyägenH rEmgmanGanisgSeRcIn

d*ZMTUlay dUcEdlnwgKb|IeXIj Kb|Idwg:neday

esckIþepSg>Kña rbséTvtaTaMg 6 Can´ nigCnTaMgLay

kñúgelakenH TaMgEdlCaGtIt nig bc©úb|nñ Edlmankar

RbRBwtiþeTAepSg>Kña yägNa eBalKW epSgKñaedayCati

RtkUl fan; RTBüsm|tþi brivar EdlRbRBwtþeTAdUecñH

k*brisuTÆehIyCab´mkGMBITan sIl Pavna Edldl´RBm

edayectnaTaMg 3 kal ßmindl´RBmTaMg 3 kal

xVHeTAyägNamYy ßminman:téTAenaHÉgCaehtu eRBaH


ehtuenH RBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´ eTIbRTg´sEmþgTuk

kñúgRBH:lI qLg<útþr za ?

bueBVv Tana sumena TTM citþM bsaTey TtVa Gtþmena ehati Ésa yBa¦sS sm|Ta. TaykmancitþrIkray kñúgevlamunGMBIkalo kMBugo

eZVIcitþoRCHzøa luHoehIy k*mancitþeRtkGr

‘tameRkay’ enHCaesckIþbribUrN¾rbs´Tan1 .

RBHmhaBuT§eXasacarü )ansEmþgTukkñ úgstþni)at énGgÁútþrnikay Gdækfafa ³ TanBaØ inam tiesSa ectna bribuNÑM katMu sek,anþesSv mhmölM ehati

karoEdl:neQ μaHza TanenaH RtÚvEtCaTan

Edldl´RBmedayectnaTaMg 3 kalEdlGñkeZVI

GaceZVIoekIteLIg:nyägbribUrN¾büeNÑaH Tan

enaH eTIbmanplyägeRcIn .

1 sutþnþ> GgÁútþrnikay elx 46 TMB½r 116 .


1>1 Tanvtßúkñ úgRBHvin½y 4 y:ag 1-cIvrTan karosMBtćIvr dl´Pikú¡sameNr ß

karosMBt´ exaGav eRK}gesø{kdNþb´dl´GñkdéT

2-biNÐ:tTan karocgØan´biNÐ:t dUcCa :y RtI

sac´ nMRss´ nMeRk{m ßEpøeQI dl´GñkdéT

3-esnasnTan karoTIenAGaRs&y dUcCa

ksagkudi sala RBHvihar ß eragóe:szCaedIm

nigkaroTIsñakénAdl´GñkdMeNIr ßGñkTal´Rk

4-ePsC¢Tan karoePsC¢; KWzñaMBüa:leraK .

karbric©aKTan maneRcInRbePTepSgKña nwgsEmþg

edayseg¡b l μmdl´karyl´dwgxøH> dUcteTA ?

1>2 TanBYkBIr 1-GamisTan karovtæúbc©&y 4 ßrbsépSg>

2-Zm μTan karoZm(CaTan KWkarsEmþgZm(

karbeRg{nZm( nigkarrcna karksages[vePAZm(epSg>

EckCaZm μTan .


kñúgTan 2 y¨agenH Zm μTanCaTanEdlRbNItCag

GamisTan dUcRBH:lIza ²sBVTanM Zm μTanM Cinati Zm μTan QñHGs´TanTaMgBYg³ .

GamisTan opl KW kalekItkñúgTINa> Ca

buK<lsþúksþmÖ manRTBüeRcIn manePaK;eRcIn bribUN(

edaysm|tþiç Zm μTan opl KW ekItbBa¦a .

n ½ymYyeTot 1-sahtæikTan karoTanedayédxøÜnÉg .

2-GaNtþikTan eRbIGñkdéToeZVITanCMnYs .

sahtæikTan RbNItCag GaNtþikTan

sahtæikTan kalbeBa©jpl k*oCabuK<l

sþúksþmÖ CaGñkbribUN(edaysm|tþi RBmedaybrivarç

GaNtþikTan sUm|IbeBa©jpl oCaGñkbribUN(

edaysm|tþi k*BitEmnehIy EtbrivarminsUvmaneT .


n ½ymYyeTot 1-sm|CanTan kareZVIbuNü EdlRbkbedaykar

yl´dwg KW dwgnUvplénkaroTanenaHCaedIm .

2-Gsm|CanTan kareZVIbuNü edayminmankar

yl´dwg karcUlcitþ kñúger]gkm μnigplrbs´km μCaedImç

sm|CanTan kalbeBa©jpl rEmgCaGñk

bribUN(edaysm|tþi nig RBmedaybBa¦aç

Gsm|CanTan kalbeBa©jpl rEmgoCaGñk

bribUN(edaysm|tþi b¨uEnþxVHstibBa¦a .

n ½ymYyeTot 1-vdþnisSitTan kareZVIbuNü edaykarR:zñaePaK-

sm|&T brivarsm|&T KW®:zñaomanRTBüCaesdðI mha-

esdðI nigR:zñaPvsm|tþi KW RtÚvkaroekItCamnusS

CaeTvta CaRBh μ .

2-vivdþnisSitTan kareZVIbuNü EdlminmanesckIþ

®:zñakñúgePaKsm|&T brivarsm|&T nigPvsm|tþieT ®:zña


Etsm μasem¬aZiBa¦aN bec©keBaZiBa¦aN GK<savk-

eBaZiBa¦aN mhasavkeBaZiBa¦aN nigRbktIsavk-

eBaZiBa¦aN yägNamYybüeNÑaH .

vdþnisSitTan minehAza Tan:rmIeT CaTankusl

samBa¦ kalbeBa©jpl k*omanesckIþsuxRtwmEt

mnusS nigeTvtabüeNÑaH minGaco:nseRmcmK<pl

edayqab´rh&seT .

cMENkvivdþnisSitTan ehAza Tan:rmI kal

beBa©jpl omanesckIþsuxkñúgmnusS nigeTvta nig

Gaco:nseRmcmK<pl edayqab´rh&s .

1>3 TanBYk 3 ¬tikTan¦ kñúgTanBYkbIenH hInTan 1 mCÄimTan 1 bNItTan 1 man 3 n&y KW ?

n½yTI1 hInTan kareZVITanzñak´Tab :ndl´

kareZVITanEdlmanesckIþR:zñalaP ys karsresIrç

mCÄimTan kareZVITanzñak´kNþal :ndl´ kareZVITan


EdlmanesckIþR:zña mnusSsm|tþi eTvtasm|tþiç

bNItTan kareZVITanzñak´x¬s´ :ndl´ kareZVITantam

dMeNIrpøÚvrbs´RBHGriy nigRBHeBaZistVTaMgLay KW

esckIþ®:zñaRBHniBVanenaHÉg .


kareZVITanEdlmanesckIþR:zña mnusSsm|tþi eTvta-

sm|tþiç mCÄimTan kareZVITanzñak´kNþal :ndl´ kar

eZVITanEdlmanesckIþR:zñasav&keBaZijaN bec©k-

eBaZijaNç bNItTan kareZVITanzñak´x¬s´ :ndl´

kareZVITanEdlmanesckIþR:zña o:nseRmcsm μa-

sem¬aZijaN .


kareZVITanEdlRbkbedayqnÞ; vIriy; citþ; bBa¦a tictYc

eBalKWmankareBjcitþ Büayam cUlcitþ yl´dwg

kñúgkareZVITanenaH RtwmEtbnþicbnþÜcç mCÄimTan kareZVI

Tanzñak´kNþal :ndl´ kareZVITanEdlRbkbedayqnÞ; vIriy; citþ; bJ¦a l μmRbmaN eBalKWmankareBjcitþ


Büayam cUlcitþ yl´dwg kñúgkareZVITanenaHyäglÁ

samBa¦TUeTAç bNItTan kareZVITanzñak´x¬s´ :ndl´

kareZVITanEdlRbkbedayqnÞ; vIriy; citþ; bBa¦a yäg

éRkElg eBalKWmankareBjcitþ Büayam cUlcitþ

yl´dwgkñúgkareZVITanenaH yäglÁéRkElg tamdMeNIr

pøøÚvrbs´sb|úrsTaMgLay .

n ½ymYyeTot Tanman 3 KW 1-TasTan kareZVIbuNü edayeRK}góbePaK

briePaK EdlGaRkkĆagvtæúEdlxøÜneRbI xøÜnbriePaKç

2-shayTan kareZVIbuNü edayeRK}góbePaK

briePaK Edles μ InwgvtæúEdlxøÜneRbI xøÜnbriePaKç

3-samiTan kareZVIbuNü edayeRK}góbePaK

briePaK EdllÁCagvtæúEdlxøÜneRbI xøÜnbriePaK .

Tan 3 RbePTenH kñúgmgÁltßTIbnImansEmþgfa ³ TI1 ³ Taesa hutVa eTti tNØaTasBüsS

óbKttþa buK<lGñkoTan mansPaBCax\MúénTan eRBaH


Pav;énbuK<lenaH cUleTACitkanýkCax\MúéntNØa .

KW ovtæúezakTab briePaKxøÜnÉgd*ézøzøa Taesa viy ehati TukdUcCabuK<lCax\MúénTanç mnusSx\MúeK CamnusS

ezakTab ‘ebI:nesayraCüCaesþc> Gg<enaH nwgenA

eRkambg<abéK’ .

TI2 ³ shaeya hutVa eTti tsS Gb|iy-PavvisC¢neta buK<lGñkoTan mansPaBCasmøaj´

‘enaH’ eRBaHPaBénxøÜn:nlHbgńUveTyüvtæú minCaTI

RsLaj´rbs´xøÜnç ‘ebI:nesayraCüCaesþc>Gg<enaH

ÉkraCü’ .

TI3 ³ sami hutVa eTti ttæ tNØaTasBüeta GtþanM emaectVa GPiPuyü bvtþneta . buK<lGñk

oTanmansPaBCam©as´ eRBaH:nedaHxøÜn GMBIx\MúéntNØa

kñúgeTyüvtæúenaH eRBaH:nRKbsg,télItNØaç eRBaH

Cam©as´éneTyüvtæú KWbriePaKxøÜnÉgTabezak dlóTan

manvtæúd*ézøzøa ßmancitþRKbsg,télIelaP; minotNØa


CiHCan´:n lHbg´mcäriy; minmancitþmnÞil . ‘ebI:n

esayraCüCaesþc KW :nRtÜtRtaelInKrdéT’ .

n ½ymYyeTot Tanman3 KW 1-elakaZibetyüTan kareZVITanEdlR:rBÆ

mnusScMENkeRcInCaZM KWxøÜnÉgminmanesckIþeBjcitþ

nwgeZVIeT EtxøacGñkdéTtiHed[l emIlgay eTIb:neZVI .

2-GtþaZibetyüTan kareZVITanR:rBÆxøÜnÉgCaZM KW

Kitza eyIgCamnusS CaGñkmanRTBüsm|tþieRcIn ebImin

bric©aKRTBüCYyse®g<aH kñúgkic©karenaH>xøHehIy k*Ca

karminsmKYr KYrsÁb´ dUecñaHeTIbeZVI .

3-Zm μaZibetyüTan kareZVITanEdlR:rBÆZm(CaZM

KWBicarNaza karbric©aKTanenH CaZm(KWsb|úrsTaMg

LayniymeZVI sUm|IRBHeBaZistVTaMgLay kalenA

bMeBj:rmIenaH k*:nbMeBjTan:rmI CadMbUg CaKnøgZM

nigsUm|Isav&kepSg> rbs´RBHsm μasm¬úTÆTaMgLay k*


eBjcitþkñúgkarksagTanenHdUcKñaç karBicarNaeXIj

CaRbeyaCn¾dUecñHehIy k*eZVItamOkas tamkalevla .

Tan 3 y:agmansT§aCaed Im ‘sutþnþbidk 48 ¼ 160’

1-sTÆay TanM eTti buK<loTanedaysTÆa 2-hiriya TanM eTti buK<loTanedayhiri 3-kuslJ© TanM kuslTan .

‘TanEdlrkeTas min:n’ .

sTÆaTan hiriTan kuslTan Zm(TaMgenH CaZm(

taMgenAkñúgBYksb|úrsç sb|úrsTaMgLay EtgeBal

nUvZm(enHza CapøÚveTAkan´eTvelak eRBaHza buK<lEtg

eTAkan´eTvelak:n edayZm(enH .

kñúgGdðkza menarzbUrNI Bnül´za ?

buK<lrEmgoTanedaysTÆaNa sTÆaenaH elak

R:zñaykza sTÆa . buK<lrEmgoTanedayhiriNa hiri

enaH elakR:zñaykza hiri .


1>4 TanBYk 5 Gsb,úrisTan 5 y:ag

‘Gg<útþrnikay bJ©kni:t 45 ¼ 87’

1-Gsk,c©M eTti oTanedaymineKarB ‘kñúg

eTyüZm( :ndl´ mineKarB KWeZVIcitþosÁatoTaneT’

2-Gcitw ktVa eTti oTanedaymineZVInUv

esckIþeKarB ‘kñúgbdiK<ahk; :ndl´ oedayGakar;

minekatERkg edayesckIþmineKarB’

3-Gshtæa eTti minoedayédxøÜnÉg

4-GbvidðM eTti oTandUcCae:Hecal

5-GnaKmnTidðieka eTti oTanedayeXIjza

minopl ‘:ndl´ mineZVIesckIþeXIjplkm μ nwgmk

y¨agenHza plénkm μEdleZVI nwgmkdl´dUecñH oekIt

eLIgeT’ .


sb,úrisTan 5 y:ag ‘Gg<útþrnikay bJ©kni:t 45 ¼ 87’

1-sk,c©M eTti oTanedayeKarB ‘kñúgeTyüZm(’

2-citw ktVa eTti oTanedayeZVInUvesckIþ

eKarB ‘kñúgbdiK<ahk;’

3-shtæa eTti oedayédxøÜnÉg

4-GnbvidðM eTti oTanmindUcCae:Hecal

5-GaKmnTidðieka eTti oTanedayeXIjza

opl ‘KWeC]km μ nigvi:k’ .

kñúgGdðkza-menarzbUrNI Bnül´za ?

bTza citw ktVa eTti :ndl´ cUleTAtaMg

esckIþekatERkgkñúgeTyüZm( nig Tki¡eNyübuK<l

ehIyo . kñúgBIry¨agenaH buK<leZVIeTyüZm(oRbNIt

manrsq áaj´ehIyo eQ μaHza cUleTAtaMgesckIþ

ekatERkgkñúgeTyüZm( . buK<leRCIserIsbuK<lehIyo

eQ μaHza taMgesckIþekatERkgkñúgTki¡eNyübuK<l .


bTza shtæa eTti esckIþza mineRbIédrbs´

GñkdéT oedayJkübJ¢a KWoedayédxøÜnÉgbüeNÑaH

edayKitza eQ μaHza kalEdleyIgRtac´rg<atéTAkñúg

sgSarvdþEdlminmanxagedIm nigxagcugehIy :neRbI

édnigeCIgenaH minmanRbmaNeLIy eyIgnwgeZVIesckIþ

rYcputeTAGMBIvdþ; karecjcakPBdUecñaH .

bTza GaKmnTidðieka :ndl´ eC]km μnigvi:kza

nwgCabc©&yénPB kñúgGnaKtehIyo dUecñH .

sb,úrisTan 5 y:ag RBmTaMgGanisgS ‘sutþnþbidk elx 45 TMB&r 88’

bBa©imani Pik¡ev sb|úrisTanani ; mñalPik¡úTaMg

Lay sb|úrisTanenH man 5 yäg .

ktmani bBa© sb|úrisTan 5 yäg dUcemþcxøH ?

1-sTÆay TanM eTti oTanedaysTÆa

2-sk,c©M TanM eTti oTanedayeKarB

3-kaeln TanM eTti oTantamkald*smKYr


4-GnuK<hitcietþa TanM eTti oTanedaycitþGnueRKaH

5-GtþanBa© brBa© Gnubhc© TanM eTti oTan

edaymin:neb[teb[nxøÜnÉg nigGñkdéT .

sTÆaTan ²mñalPik¡úTaMgLay buK<loTaneday

sTÆa edayplTanenH kalekItkñúgTINa> CabuK<l

sþúksþmÖ manRTBüeRcIn manePaKeRcIn CabuK<lmanrUblÁ

KYrrmilemIl CaTIRCHzøa RbkbedayPaBCaGñkman

sm|úrlÁd*éRkElgpg³ .

sk,c©Tan ²mñalPik¡úTaMgLay buK<loTaneday

eKarB edayplTanenH kalekItkñúgTINa> CabuK<l

sþúksþmÖ manRTBüeRcIn BYkCnNa eTaHkUnkIþ RbBnÆkIþ

x\úMbeRmIkIþ GñkeZIVkargarkIþ rbs´buK<lenaH CnTaMgenaH

sþab´edaylÁ epÁ{gesattaMgcitþsþab´ edIm|Idwgpg³ .

‘rEmgeC]sMdIRKb´BaküeBcn¾ ykcitþ minoxkcitþ

kñúgkargar’ .

kalTan ²mñalPik¡úTaMgLay buK<loTantamkal

d*smKYredayplTanenH kalekItkñúgTINa> CabuK<l


sþúksþmÖ manRTBüeRcIn manePaK;eRcIn RbeyaCn¾ KW

ePaK;d*eBareBj rEmgmktamkald*KYr dl´buK<lenaH

pg³ . ‘enAkñúgbrmtæeCatik;za manesckIþceRmInruger]g

taMgBIbfmv&y EdlCav&ykMelaH RkmMu manpl

RbeyaCn¾ EdlKb|I:ny¨agbribUrN¾’ .

GnuK<hitTan ²mñalPik¡úTaMgLay buK<loTan

edaycitþGnueRKaH edayplTanenH kalekItkñúgTINa>

CabuK<lsþúksþmÖ manRTBüeRcIn manePaKeRcInpg rEmg

begÁancitþeTAedIm|IbriePaKkñúgkamKuN5 d*elIslb´pg³.

Gnubhc©Tan ²mñalPik¡úTaMgLay buK<loTan

edaymin:neb[teb[nxøÜnÉg nigGñkdéT edayplTan

enH kalekItkñúgTINa> CabuK<lsþúksþmÖ manRTBüeRcIn

manePaKeRcInpg esckIþGnþrayénePaKTaMgLay minman

mkGMBITINamYy KWGMBIePIøg GMBITwk GMBIesþc GMBIecar

GMBIehtuminCaTIRsLaj´ nigGMBImnusSCaTayaT³ .

mñalPik¡úTaMgLay sb|úrisTanman5 y¨agenHÉg .


kalTan 5 y:ag ‘sutþnþbidk Gg<útþrnikay elx 44 TMB&r 81’

1-GaKnþúksS TanM eTti oTandl´Gñkmkz μ I

2-KmiksS TanM eTti oTandl´GñkdMeNIr

3-KilansS TanM eTti oTandl´GñkmanCmáW

4-TuBÖiek¡ TanM eTti oTankñúgeBlGt´:y

5-yani tani nvssSani nvplani tani bfmM sIlvenþsu btidðaebti ; :ntm,l´RsÚvz μ I

EpøeQIdMbUg dl´buK<lmansIlTaMgLayCadMbUg .

‘RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´Rtas´RBHKazaenHza’

BYkCnmanbBa¦a dwgPasitrbs´GñkR:C\ manesckIþ

kMNaj´R:secjehIy mancitþRCHzøaehIy rEmg

oTankñúgkalKYr TanEdlbuK<lotamkalsmKYr

cMeBaHRBHGriybuK<lTaMgLay EdlCabuK<lmankay

nigcitþRbkbedaytaTiKuN Tk¡iNaTanrbs´buK<l

enaH CaTanmanplbribUrN¾ . BYkCnNa GnuemaTna


ßeZVInUvesckIþxVl´xVay kñúgTk¡iNaTanenaH Tk¡iNa-

Tanrbs´GñkTaMgenaH nwg:neQ μaHza zyezak

eRBaHEtGnuemaTna ßeZVIkarxVl´xVayenaH k*eT BYkCn

TaMgenaH CaGñk:ncMENkbuNüEdr . eRBaHehtuenaH

TanEdlbuK<loehIy dl´buK<lNa CaTanmanpl

eRcIn buK<lmancitþmin:nrYjra Kb|IoTancMeBaH

buK<lenaH eRBaHza buNüTaMgLay rEmgCaTIBwg

énBYkstVkñúgelakxagmux .

1>5 qLgÁTan ‘sutþnþbidk elx46 TMB&r114’

GgÁrbs;Tayk man 3 1-bueBVv Tana sumena ehati ; TaykCaGñk

mancitþeRtkGrmunGMBIkalo

2-TTM citþM bsaeTti ; kMBugEtoeZVIcitþoRCHzøa

3-TtVa Gtþmena ehati luHoehIymancitþrIkray


GgÁrbs;bdiKÁahk³TaMgLay man 3 1-vItraKa va ehanþi raKvinyay va

bdibnña ; BYkbdiK<ahk; CaGñkR:scakraK; ß

RbtibtþiedIm|IbenÞabg´raK;

2-vIteTasa va ehanþi eTasvinyay va bdibnña ; BYkbdiK<ahk; CaGñkR:scakeTas; ß

RbtibtþiedIm|IbenÞabgéTas;

3-vItemaha va ehanþi emahvinyay va bdibnña ; BYkbdiK<ahk; CaGñkR:scakemah; ß

RbtibtþiedIm|IbenÞabgémah;

Gg<rbs´Taykman 3 Gg<rbs´bdiK<ahk; man

3 dUecñH yägenHÉg CaTanRbkbedayGg< 6 .

RBHGg<RTg´Rtas´dUecñHza ²mñalPik¡úTaMgLay

buK<lmingaykMNtńUvRbmaNénbuNürbs´Tan Edl

RbkbedayGg< 6 yägenHza KMnrbuNü KMnrkusl

CaeRK}gnaMmknUvesckIþsux onUvGarm μN¾d*lÁ mansux


Cavi:k RbRBwtþeTAedIm|IsæansYK(büeNÑH RbRBwtþeTA

edIm|IesckIþR:zñaeRtkGr Kabćitþ CaRbeyaCn¾ Casux

:neLIy . edayBitenaHza rab´min:n RbmaNminekIt

RKanÉtrab´za CaKMnrbuNüeRcInbüeNÑH:n . mñalPik¡ú

TaMgLay dUcbuK<lEdlmingaykMNt´RbmaNnUvTwk

kñúgmhasmuRTza TwkbüeNÑHGaL$k;kIþ TwkbüeNÑHry

GaL$k;kIþ TwkbüeNÑHBan´GaL$k;kIþ TwkbüeNÑHEsn

GaL$k;kIþ :neLIy . edayBitenaHza rab´min:n

RbmaNminekIt RKanÉtrab´za CaKMnrTwkd*eRcInbüeNÑH:n

yägNamij mñalPik¡úTaMgLay dUcbuK<lEdlmingay

kMNt´RbmaNnUvbuNü nUvTanRbkbedayGg< 6 yäg

yägenHza KMnrbuNü KMnrkusl CaeRK}gnaMmknUv

esckIþsux onUvGarm μN¾d*lÁ mansuxCavi:k RbRBwtþ

eTAedIm|IsæansYK(büeNÑH RbRBwtþeTAedIm|IesckIþR:zña

eRtkGr KabćitþCaRbeyaCn¾ Casux:neLIy .

edayBitenaHza rab´min:nRbmaNminekIt RKanÉtrab´

za CaKMnrbuNü d*eRcInbüeNÑH:n k*yägenaHEdr .


RBHmanRBHPaK :nRtas´sURtenHehIy RBHsuKt

Casasþa luHRTg´Rtas´sURtenHrYcehIy eTIbRtas´Kaza

B&nÆenHeT[tza ?

TaykmancitþrIkray kñúgevlamunGMBIkaro kMBugo

eZVIcitþoRCHzøa luHoehIy k*mancitþeRtkGr‘tameRkay’

enHCaesckIþbribUrN¾rbs´Tan . buK<lGñkR:scakraK;

R:scakeTas; R:scakemah; minmanGasv;

CaRBh μcarI manesckIþsRgÜm eQ μaHza CaextþénTan

d*bribUrN¾ ‘edayKuN’ . buK<lxVl´xVayedayxøÜnÉg

oTanedayédrbs´xøÜn . Tannu@H CaTanmanpleRcIn

eRBaHxøÜnpg eRBaHbuK<ldéTpg . GñkR:C\ CabNÐit

GñkmansTÆa mancitþputRsLH ‘cakesckIþkMNaj´’

luHoTany¨agenHehIy k*rEmgeTAekItkñúgeTvelak

Casux «tmanTuk¡ .

Gdðkza qLg<sURt za ;

bTza qLg<smnñaKta ERbza RbkbedayGg<

énKuN 6 . Tan eQ μaHza Tk¡iNa .


eRcInbTza bueBVv Tana sumena manesckIþza

rEmgCaGñkdléhIynUvesamnsS taMgGMBI 1 Ex nig

knøHExmkza GjnwgoTan dUecñH . k*bNþaectnaTaMg 3

yägenH buBVectna :ndl´ TaykGñkKitcabépþIm

GMBIcgERsza GjnwgoTan edayplEdl:nseRmc

mkGMBIERsenH dUecñH taMgBIevlaEdlekIteLIgéncitþza

GjnwgoTan dUecñH . cMENkmuJ©nectna EdlRBH

manRBHPaK RTg´RtasýägenHza TaykkMBugo rEmg

júaMgcitþoRCHzøa rEmg:nkñúgeBlEdloTann@uHÉg .

cMENkGbrabrectnaenaHza luHoTanrYcehIy k*rEmg

mancitþeRtkGr dUecñH rEmg:ndl´ TaykGñknwkrlwk

tamCabnþbnÞab´mk .

bTza vItraKa KWmanraK;eTAR:sehIy :ndl´

Gs´Gasv;ehIy .

BIrbTza raKvinyay va bdibnña manesckIþ

za RbtibtþinUvbdibTa eRK}gkMcat´bgńUvraK; .


k*eTsnaenH sEmþgbdiK<ahk;yägóRkidð .

k*Tk¡iNa Edlodl´RBHxINaRsBTaMgLayEtmYyBYk

eTIbCaTk¡iNaRbkbedayGg< 6 k*minEmneTç Tki¡Na

EdlosUm|Idl´RBHGnaKamI RBHskTaKamI nig RBH

esatabnñTaMgLay edayehaceTAsUm|Idl´sameNr

GñkkanńUvPNÐ; EdlbYskñúgézáenaH k*RbkbedayGg< 6

dUcKñaEdr . eRJHza sUm|IsameNrenaH eQ μaHza bYs

ehIyedIm|IesatabtþimK< EmnBit .

dIka qLg<sURt za ?

bTza bueBVv Tana manesckIþza kñúgeBlmunGMBI

muJ©nectna KW cabépIþmGMBIkarcatÉcgóbkrN¾énTan .

bTza sumena manesckIþza Kb|ICaGñkdlńUv

esamnsSza Gat μaGjnwgkbńUvkMNb´RTBü EdlCa

ehtuénsm|tþi manRbRktICab´tam ‘xøÜn’ eTA:n .

:TKazaza TTM citþM bsaTey manesckIþza

TaykkMBugo dakńUveTyüZm(cMeJHkñúgédénTki¡eNyü-


buK<l Kb|IeZVIcitþrbs´xøÜnoRCHzøaza Gat μaGjkMBugeZVInUv

karkan´ykxøwmsarGMBIRTBüEdlminmanxøwmsar dUecñH .

:TKaza TtVa Gtþmena ehati manesckIþza

Taykbric©aKeTyüZm( dl´Tki¡eNyübuK<lTaMgLay

ehIy CaGñkmancitþeRtkGr rIkraysb|ay KW ekItbIti

esamnsSza ²Tan eQ μaHza bNÐitbJ¦tþiTukehIy

Gat μaGj k*:ntm,l´TukehIyç O ! Tanrbs´Gat μaGj

seRmcRbeyaCn¾ edaylÁehIyhñ@³ .

bTza Ésa manesckIþza esckIþbribUrN¾énectna

TaMg 3 y¨ag EdleTAtamnUvkareC]km μnigpl Edl

esamnsSkan´kab´TaMgenH KW buBVectna muJ©nectna

Gbrabrectna enHÉNa esckþIbribUrN¾énectnaenH .

kñúgKm¬Irmg<ltæTIbnI za ?

bTviK<h;za ; TTM citþ M bsaTeyti TTenþa eTyüZm μ M Tk¡ieNyüsS hetæ btidðaebenþa Gsareta Zneta saraTanM kerami ; buK<lman


ectnakaljúaMgeTyüZm( otm,lénAcMeBaHkñúgédxagsþaM

za GjnwgeZVInUvRTBüminmanxøwm oeTACaRTBümanxøwmç

eQ μaHza TTM citþ M bsaTey KW júaMgcitþoRCHzøa .

TtVa Gtþmena ehatIti Tk¡ieNyüanM eTyüZm μ M bric©CitVa bNÐitb|Ba¦tþ M nam mya Gnudð itM Geha saZu sudð Úti Gtþmena bmuTieta bItiesamnsSCaeta ehati ; buK<llHbgńUv

eTyüZm(dl´Tk¡ieNyübuK<l CaGñkmancitþeRtkGrpg

mancitþrIkraypg CaGñkmanbItinigesamnsSekIteLIg

edayKitza TanenH KW Gj:ntm,lénAlÁehIy eQ μaH

za KWbNÐitelakbJ¦tþiehIyza CaTanjúaMgRbeyaCn¾

oseRmcedayRbéB eQ μaHza TtVa Gtþmena ehati KW orYcehIymancitþRCHzøaEzmxageRkayeT[t .

esckþItMNalza GbutþkesdðIenaH kalBIeRBg-

naymk ekItCaesdðI kñúgRkúgBaraNsI ézámYyeRkak

GMBIRBlwm briePaKrYcehIy eTAKal´beRmIesþc eXIj

RBHbec©kBuTÆRBHnamtKrsixI júaMgbuK<loykcgØan´


biNÐ:tRbeKndl´RBHbec©kBuTÆGg<enaHza GñkTaMgLay

cUronUvduM:ydl´smN;dUecñH luHeBalrYcehIy k*

eRkakBIGasn;ec[secjeTA . luHesdðIKhbtIenaHo

rYcehIy CaGñkmanesckþIekþARkhay kñúgeBlCa

xageRkayza Tas;TaMgLaykþI km μkrTaMgLaykþI Kb|I

briePaKnUvbiNÐ:tenHRbesIrCag .

esdðIKhbtIenaH :noeKRbtibtþiRBHtKrsixI-

bec©kBuTÆ edaybiNÐ:tehIy :neTAkan´suKtisYK(

eTvelak Gs´var; 7 dg edayvi:krbs´km μenaHÉg

:ndMENgCaesdðIkñúgRkúgsavtæIenHÉg Gs´var; 7 dg

edayesssl´plkm μenaHÉg .

luHesdðIKhbtIenaHorYcehIy CaGñkmanesckþI

ekþARkhaykñúgeBlCaxageRkayza Tas;TaMgLaykþI

km μkrTaMgLaykþI Kb|IbriePaKnUvbiNÐ:tenHRbesIrCag

edayvi:kénkm μenaH :nCaesdðIKhbtIenaH minbegÁan

citþeTA edIm|IbriePaKnUvPtþq áaj´Bisa minbegÁancitþeTA

edIm|IeRbIR:s´sMBt´lÁézøzøa minbegÁancitþeTA edIm|I


eRbIR:sýanlÁ minbegÁancitþeTA edIm|IbriePaK

bJ©kamKuNd*ézøzøa .

eRJHza ectnaEtmYyBitkñúgbiNÐ:tTanEtmYy

Edr KWminonUvbdisnÆi 2 eT seRmcnUvRbeyaCn¾ Cvn-

citþEtmYy kaleJlza GñkTaMgLaycUrobiNÐ:t

dl´smN;enH RtgĆvncitþkNþalk*K μan nigxagcug

k*K μan CvncitþminsÞúHeTAkan´RKb´TaMg 3 kal KW ectna

3 minRKb´RKan´ . ‘mg<ltæTIbnIÇ 3ç13° sutþnþÇ 29ç250’

1>6 Tanman 8 y:ag ‘Gg<útþrnikay elx48 TMB&r160’

1-GasC¢ TanM eTti ; KWbuK<loTaneRBaH:n

catÉcgTukeRsc

2-Pya TanM eTti ; oTaneRBaHP&y

3-GTasi emti TanM eTti ; oTaneday

Kitza eK:nodl´Gj ‘kñúgkalmun’

4-TsSti emti TanM eTti ; oTaneday


Kitza eKnwgodl´Gjvij ‘kñúgGnaKt’

5-sahu Tannþi TanM eTti ; oTaneday

Kitza TanCakarRbéB

6-GhM bcami «em n bcnþi narhami bcenþa GbcnþanM TanM n Tatunþ i TanM eTti ; oTanedayKitza GjcMGin buK<lTaMgLayenH minTan´

cMGin GjkalcMGin minKYredIm|IminoTandl´ buK<l

minTan´cMGin

7-«mM em TanM TTeta klüaeNa kitþi-seTÞa GBÖúK<cätIti TanM eTti ; oTanedayKitza

kalebIGjonUvTanenH kitþis&BÞd*BIeraH rEmgx©rx©ayeTA

8-citþalg,arcitþbrik¡artæ M TanM eTti; oTan

edIm|ICaeRK}gRbdab´éncitþ nig Cabrik¡aéncitþ .

Gdðkza Bnül´za ?

bTza GasC¢ TanM eTti esckIþza buK<lxøH

oTan eRBaH:ncat´EcgTukeRsc KWl μmeXIj bdiK<a-


hk;mkdl´ nimnþoTan Gg<úymYyrMeBceZVIsk,ar;ehIy

eTIboTan rEmgminlM:kcitþza nwgo .

bTza Pya :ndl´ eRBaHP&yxøac ‘eK’riHKn´za

GñkenH CaGñkmino CaGñkmineZIV ßeRBaHP&yxøac

G:yPUmi .

bTza sahu TanM esckIþza oedayKitza

eQ μaHza Tan júaMgRbeyaCn¾oseRmc KW lÁ :ndl´

EdlbNÐitmanRBHBuTÆCam©as´CaedImsresIrehIy .

bTza citþalg,arcitþbrik¡artæM TanM eTti esckIþza oedIm|ICaeRK}gRbdab´éncitþ nigCabrik¡aréncitþ

kñúgsmz;nigvibsSna . eRBaHza TanrEmgeZVIcitþoTn´

Pøn´ buK<lGñk:nTTYlTan rEmgmancitþTn´Pøn´lÁza eyIg

:nehIy sUm|IbuK<lGñkoTanenaH k*rEmgmancitþTn´Pøn´

za eyIgoTanehIy . eRBaHdUecñaH TanenaH eQ μaHza

rEmgeZVIcitþrbs´buK<lTaMgBIrEpñkoTn´Pøn´ eRBaHehtuenaH

Ég eTIbRTg´Rtas´za GTnþTmnM karTUn μancitþEdlenA

minTan´:nTUn μan dUcRBHmanRBHPaK Rtas´Tukza ?


GTnþTmnM TanM GTanM TnþTUskM Genn biyvaecn ONmniþ nmnþi c . karoTanCaeRK}gTUn μancitþ EdlenAminTan´TUn μan

karminoTanCaeRK}gRbTUsräycitþ EdlTUn μan

ehIy CnTaMgLaymancitþTn´Pøn´ nwgeKarBOncuH

edaybiyvacaenH .

k*bNþakaroTan 8 RbkarenH karoedIm|ICaeRK}g

RbdabćitþbüeNÑaH Cakarx¬s´bMput .

‘cakmenarzbUrNI GdðkzaGg<útþrnikay 37 ¼ 472’

1>7 Tanvtßú 8 y:ag 1-qnÞa TanM eTti oTaneRBaHesckIþRsLaj´

2-eTasa TanM eTti oTaneRBaHesckIþxwg

3-emaha TanM eTti oTaneRBaHesckIþlág´

4-Pya TanM eTti oTaneRBaHesckIþP&y

5-TinñbuBVM ktbuBVM bitubitamehhi narhasw e:raNM kulvMsM haebtunþ i TanM eTti ; oTan


eRBaHKitza CIdUnCItaTaMgLay ‘rbs´Gj’ ZøabóZøabéZVI

mk GjminKYrjúaMgvgSRtkUlBIbUraNenaHovinas

6-«mahM TanM TtVa kaysS ePTa brm μ-rNa suKtw sK<M elakM óbbC¢isSamIti TanM eTti ; oTaneRBaHKitza Gj:noTanenH luHEbk

ZøayragkaysøabéTA nwgeTAekItkñúgsuKtisYK(eTvelak

7-«mM em TanM TTeta citþM bsITti Gtþmnta esamnsSM óbCaytIti TanM eTti ; oTan eRBaHKitza kalGjoTanenH citþrEmgRCHzøa

TaMgesckIþeBjcitþnigesamnsS k*rEmgekIteLIg

8-citþalg,arcitþbrik¡artæM TanM eTti ; oTanedIm|ICaeRK}gRbdab´éncitþ nigCabrik¡aréncitþ .

kñúgGdðkza TanvtæúsURt Bnül´za ?

bTza TanvtæÚni :ndl´ ehtuénkaroTan .

bTza qnÞa TanM eTti esckIþza buK<loTan

eRBaHesckIþRsLaj´ . bTza eTasa esckIþza Ca


GñkeRkaZehIy vtæúNaman RbjabćabýkvtæúenaH

oeTA eRBaHeTas; . bTza emaehn esckIþza Ca

Gñklág´ oeTA eRBaHemah; . bTza Pya esckIþza

eRBaHxøac‘Bakü’riHKn´ ßeRBaHxøacG:yPUmi ßeRBaHP&y

xøac‘Bakü’riHKnńigG:yPUmienaHÉgBit> eTIboeTA .

bTza kulvMsM :ndl´ CaRbevNIrbs´RtkUl .

‘cakmenarzbUrNI GdðkzaGg<útþrnikay Gdðkni:t’

1>8 sb,úrisTan 8 y:ag ‘sutþnþbidk Gg<útþrnikay elx 48 TMB&r 173’

1-sucw eTti buK<lovtæúsÁat

2-bNItM eTti ovtæúézøzøa

3-kaeln eTti otamkal

4-kb|iyM eTti ovtæúKYr

5-viecyü eTti eRCIserIsehIy eTIbo

6-GPiNØM eTti oTaner]y>

7-TTM citM þ bsaeTti kMBugojúaMgcitþoRCHzøa


8-TtVa Gtþmena ehati luHoehIy rEmg

manesckIþeBjcitþ .

buK<lrEmgonUvTanTaMgLay KWTwknigePaCnd*sÁat

ézøzøatamkal vtæúd*KYrer]y> cMeBaHRBh μcarIbuK<l

TaMgLay dUcCaERsd*lÁ BYkGñkR:C\ rEmgsr-

esIrnUvTanTaMgLay EdlbuK<llHbgńUvGamis;

CaeRcIn EdlminKYroekItesckIþekþARkhay ehIy

oyägenH GñkR:C\ manbBa¦a CaGñkmansTÆa

:nbUCayägenHehIy mancitþrYcRsLH rEmgcUl

eTAkanéTvelak EdlminmanesckIþTuk¡ manEt

esckIþsux .

1>9 Tan 21 y:ag k*kñúgTk¡iNaviPg<sURt kñúgctutævK< óbribNÑask

RBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´RTg´Rtas´Tan 21 yäg .


)adíbuKÁlikTan man 14 ‘sutþnþbidk elx28 TMB&r220-226’

1-tzaKet Grhenþ sm μasm¬úeTÆ TanM eTti oTancMeBaHRBHtzaKt CaGrhnþsmμasm¬úTÆ .

2-bec©ksm¬úeTÆ TanM eTti oTancMeBaH

RBHbec©ksm¬úTÆ

3-tzaKtsSavek Grhenþ TanM eTti oTancMeBaHRBHGrhnþ Casav&krbs´´tzaKt .

4-Grhtþplscäikiriyay bdibenñ TanM eTti oTancMeBaHbuK<lEdlRbtibtþiedIm|IeZVIoCak´c|as

nUvGrhtþpl 5-GnaKamisS TanM eTti oTancMeBaH

GnaKamibuK<l

6-GnaKamiplscäikiriyay bdibenñ TanM eTti oTancMeBaHbuK<lEdlRbtibtþiedIm|IeZVIoCak´c|as

nUvGnaKamipl


7-skTaKamisS TanM eTti oTancMeBaH

skTaKamibuK<l

8-skTaKamiplscäikiriyay bdibenñ TanM eTti oTancMeBaHbuK<lGñkRbtibtþi edIm|IeZVIoCak´c|as

nUvskTaKamipl

9-esatabenñ TanM eTti oTancMeBaH

esatabnñbuK<l

10-esatabtþiplscäikiriyay bdibenñ TanM eTti oTancMeBaHbuK<lGñkRbtibtþiedIm|IeZVIoCak´ c|asnUv

esatabtþipl

11-Bahirek kaemsu vItraeK TanM eTti oTancMeBaHGñkbYsxageRkA ‘BuTÆsasna’ EdlR:s

cakteRmk kñúgkamTaMgLay

12-buzuC¢nsIlvenþ TanM eTti oTancMeBaH

buzuC¢nmansIl


13-buzuC¢nTusSIel TanM eTti oTancMeBaH

buuzuC¢nRTúsþsIl

14-tircäanKet TanM eTti oTancMeBaH

stVtircäan .

sgÇKtaTkçiNaTan man 7 1-BuTÆb|muex óPetaseg¹ TanM eTti buK<loTancMeBaHsg¹TaMgBIrcMENk manRBHBuTÆCaRbZan

2-tzaKet briniBVúet óPetaseg¹ TanM eTti kalebIRBHtzaKtbriniBVaneTA buK<loTancMeBaH

sg¹TaMgBIrcMENk .

3-Pik¡úseg¹ TanM eTti oTancMeBaHEtPik¡úsg¹

4-Pik¡únIseg¹ TanM eTti oTancMeBaH

EtPik¡únIsg¹ .

5-Étþek em Pik¡Ú c Pik¡únieya c sg¹eta óTÞisSzati TanM eTti buK<l ‘eTAnimnþ


GMBIPik¡úsg¹’ za sUmelakm©as´TaMgLay catBYkPik¡ú

büeNÑH BYkPik¡únIbuëNÑH GMBIsg¹edIm|Ix\úM ehIyeTIboTan

6-Étþek em Pik¡Ú sg¹eta óTÞisSzati TanM eTti buK<l ‘eTAnimnþGMBIsMNaksg¹’ za sUm

elakm©as´TaMgLay cat´BYkPik¡úbüeNÑHGMBIsg¹ edIm|Ix\úM

ehIyeTIboTan .

7-Étþka em Pik¡únieya sg¹eta óTÞisS-zati TanM eTti buK<l ‘eTAnimnþGMBIsMNaksg¹’ za

sUmelakm©as´TaMgLay catBYkPik¡únIbüeNÑH GMBIsg¹

edIm|Ix\úM ehIyeTIboTan .

GFib,ay)adíbuKÁlikTan k*bNþaTan 21 yägenaH TanNa EdlbuK<lo

ehIy dl´stVtircäan edIm|InwgciBa©wm edayGMNac

énKuN mankardl´RBmedaylk¡N;CaedIm nigeday

GMNacóbkar; mankar:nTwkedaHnigkarcaMEzrkSa Ca


edImç TanenaH RBHGg<RTg´minkMNtýkeT eRJHminRbkb

edaylk¡N;énTan . EmnBit karbric©aKedayvtúæEdl

Kb|Iorbs´xøÜn edayGMNacesckIþR:zña edIm|IesckIþ

GnueRKaH nig karbUCa eQ μaHza Tan . karbric©aKvtæú

EdlKb|IoedayGMNackarP&yxøac esckIþRsLaj nig

R:zñakarsUk:¨nĆaedIm mineQ μaHzaTaneT eRJHCaTan

EdlmaneTas . vtúæsUm|IRtwmEtBMnUt:yknøHBMnUt

ÉNa EdlbuK<loehIy sUm|IvtæúenaH RBHGg<k*min:n

kMNtýkEdr eRJHminGackñúgkaropl:ntamEdl

R:zñacg´:n eRJHPavénTanEdll μmdlésckIþRtÚvkar

nUvminTan´:nbribUrN¾ . k*TanNa EdlbuK<lR:zña

cMeJHpl edayn&yCaedImza ²buNüEdlseRmceday

TanenHÉg cUrmanedIm|IesckIþceRmIn énRbeyaCn¾sux

teTA³ dUecñH :nodl´bNþastVtircäan mansunx RCÚk

man´ nigEkÁkCaedIm stVÉNamYy EdlxøÜn:nCYbRbTH

ehIy l μmdlésckIþRtÚvkar TanenaH RBHGg<RTg´

kMNtýkehIyza ²TankñúgstVtircäan³ .


TankñúgstVtircäanenaH eQ μaHza manGanisgS

100 dg eRJHoGanisgS 500 KW oGayukñúg 100

GtþPaBç oBN(sm|úr oesckIþsux okmøaMg

obdiPaN kñúg 100 GtþPaB . Kb|IRCabn&y sUm|I

kñúgTanEdlx¬séLIg>eTA yägdUecñHEdr .

mYyeT[t CnTaMgLay manRBansMNaj´ nig

Gñkcab´RtICaedIm EdlciJ©wmCIvitedaykareb[teb[n

stVdéT eQ μaHza buzuC¢nRTúsþsIl Tan EdleKoehIy

dl´buzuC¢nRTúsþsIlenaH manGanisgS 1000 dg .

müägeT[t buK<lGñkmansIl dUcCaGñkmansIl

CaGñkminGYtGag minmanmaya mineb[teb[nnUvstVdéT

ciBa©wmCIvitedayksikm μ ßBaNiC¢km μ edayZm(es μ I

eQ μaHza buzuC¢nmansIl . TanEdleKoehIy dl´

buzuC¢nmansIlenaH manGanisgS 1 Esndg .

mYyeT[t GñkmanGPiJ¦a 5 EdlCaelakiy

manRbRktI eJlkm μ CaGñkbYsxageRkA ‘BuTÆsasna’

eQ μaHza CaGñkK μanesckIþeRtkGrkñúgkamTaMgLay Tan


EdleKoehIydl´tabs GñkminmanesckIþeRtkGr

kñúgkamTaMgLayenaH manGanisgS 1 Esnekadi .

TanEdleKoehIy dl´GñkTTYlTaMgLay 10

enH KW dl´buK<lEdlRbtibti þedIm|Iesatabt þ ipl dl´

RBHesatabnñ dl´buK<lEdlRbtibti þ edIm|IskTaKami-

pl dl´RBHskTaKamI dl´buK<lEdlRbtibt þ iedIm|I

GnaKamipl dl´RBHGnaKamI dl´buK<lEdlRbtibt þ i

edIm|IGrhtþpl dl´RBHGrhn þ dl ´ RBHbec©kBuTÆ dl´

RBHsm μasm¬úTÆ CaTanEdlrab´min:nedaypl .

sYrza esck þ IEbøkepSgKñaénTanEdleKoehIy

dl´bdiK<ahk;TaMg 10 BYkenaH etIdUcem þcxøH /

eq ø Iyza Pav;énTanEdleKoehIy cMeBaHbuK<l

EdlRbtibt þ iedIm|IRbeyaCn¾dl´esatabt þ ipl manpl

rab´min:n Kb|IRCabdUcCaTwkkñúgcgÁÚr Carbs´Edlrab´

min:ndUecñaH . Pav;énTanEdlbuK<lzVayehIy cMeJH

RBHGriybuK<lTaMgLay manRBHesatabnñCaedIm CaTan

manplrab´min:n edayGMNacKuNx¬s´éRkélgCag


K μan Kb|IRCabdUcCaTwkkñúgmhanTI nigkñúgmhasmuTÞ

enaH> CarbsÉdlrab´min:ndUecñaH . esck þ IenHKb|I

RCabsUm|IkñúgPav;énGacm¾dI cabédImGMBIGacm¾dIkñúg

RbeTs EdlmanTMhMes μ InwgmNÐllanénEpndI rhUt

dl´Gacm¾dIeBjTaMgEpndI RbmaNmin:n . EmnBit

sUm|IkalebImanPav;énTanTaMgenaH CaTanes μ IKñaeday

Pav;CaTanmanplrab´min:nç Pav;énTanCarbs´tic nig

eRcIn rEmgmandUcKña Kb|IRCabdUcCasMvdþkb|CaedIm

Carbs´rab´min:n nig CaPav;énmhakb| k*CarbsÉdl

rab´min:ndUecñaH .

bNþaGñkTTYlTaMgenaH GñkTTYlTaMg 8 enH KW

ó:skGñkdlńUvRBHéRtsrN;ç ó:skGñktaMgenAkñúg

sIl 5ç ó:skGñktaMgenAkñúgsIl 10ç sameNr

EdlbYskñúgézáenaHç Pik¡úGñkRKanÉtbYsehIyPøamç Pik¡ú

Gñkdl´RBmedayvtþç Pik¡úGñkR:rBÆvibsSnaç Pik¡úGñk

taMgenAkñúgbfmmK< eQ μaHza CaGñkRbtibtþiedIm|I

RbeyaCn¾dlésabtþipl . EmnBit karcuHkan´RBH


sasna k*RtwmEtedIm|IrlasécjnUvTuk¡kñúgvdþsgSar

nig RtwmEtedIm|Icak´ZøúHnUvmK<EtbüeNÑaHç eRBaHehtuenaH

kiriyadlńUvsrN; karsmaTansik¡abT bBVC¢a

óbsm|&T karjúaMgsIlobribUrN¾ karRbkber]y>

nUvGZicitþsik¡a vibsSnaEdlCacMENkénkarRtas´dwg

srubeTA bdibTaTaMgenH CakarbdibtþiedIm|IeZVIoCak´

c|asńUvesatabtþipl edayBit .

eRb{bdUcCasmaZiPavna EdlCacMENkénkiriya

Rtas´dwg rEmgCaóbnisS&y edayPav;Cabc©&yénkar

seRmcnUvGriymK< CabnþbnÞab´KñaeTA yägNamij

kareZVIsIlobribUrN¾óbsm|&T bBVC¢a kiriyataMgenA

kñúgsIl 10 ßsIl 5 rbs´ó:sk EdlCacMENk

énkarRtas´dwg edayehaceTA sUm|IkardlńUvsrN;

EdlCacMENkénkarRtas´dwg rEmgCaóbnisS&y énkar

:nnUvGriymK< k*yägdUecñaHEdr eRJHehtuenaH

bdibTaTaMgGsénH RBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´ RTg´Rtas´za


²CaesckIþbdibtþi edIm|IRbeyaCn¾dlésatabtþipl³

dUecñH .

bNþabdiK<ahk;TaMg 8 BYkenaH sUm|ITanEdl

buK<loehIy dl´ó:skGñkdlńUvéRtsrN; k*rEmg

manplrab´min:n esckIþRCHzøaEdljaNCRmHehIy

Edlse®g<aHedayesckIþrab´Gan nigesckIþeKarBd*eRcIn

kñúgRBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´ kñúgRBHZm( kñúgRBHsg¹ eday

Gakar;yägRbesIréRkElg EdlRbRBwtþeTAehIy eday

Gakar;za Pav;CaGñkmanRBHrtnRt&yenaHCaxagedIm Ca

GaTiza ²RBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´ RTg´:nRtas´dwgeday

RbéB cMeBaHRBHGg<Ég RBHZm( KW RBHmanRBHPaK

Cam©as´ RTg´Rtas´sEmþgehIyedaylÁç RBHsg¹CaGñk

RbdibtþiehIyedaylÁ³ dUecñH eQ μaHza srNKmn¾ .

buNüEdlbuK<leZVIehIy kñúgsnþanEdlxøÜnGb´rMehIy

edayesckIþRCHzøa EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgvtúæ ‘RBHrtnRt&y’

enaH rEmgCaTanmanpleRcIn eRJHkiriyadl´RBmén

extþ edayRbkardUecñHÉg .


Tan EdlbuK<loehIy dl´ó:skGñkmansIl5

CaTanmanpleRcInCagTanenaH . eRJHza srNKmn¾

KW kiriyadl´RBménGZüaRs&y eRJHmanesckIþRCHzøa

kñúgvtæú 3 yäg ‘RBHrtnRt&y’ srubesckIþeTAsIl 5

rbs´ó:skGñkR:kddUecñaHenaH k*KWesckIþsRgÜmkay

vaca Edlkiriyadl´RBménGZüaRs&yóbtæmÖehIy .

eRBaHehtuenaH TanEdlbuK<loehIy cMeJHó:sk

GñkmansIl 5 enaH eTIbeQ μaHza manpleRcIn yäg

dUecñH . Tan EdlbuK<loehIy cMeJHó:skGñkman

sIl 10 enaH CaTanmanpleRcInCagTanEdleKo

dl´ó:skGñkmansIl 5 enaH . EmnBit sIl 10

eQ μaHza sIlrbs´ó:skyägbribUrN¾ eRBaHehtuenaH

TanEdlbuK<loehIy cMeJHó:skGñkmansIl 10

enaH eTIbmanpleRcIndUecñH . Tan EdlbuK<lRbeKn

ehIydl´sameNrmanpleRcInCagTanenaH . Tan Edl

buK<lRbeKnehIy dl´Pik¡úGñkRKanÉtbYseRscehIy

Pøam manpleRcInCagTanenaH . Tan EdlbuK<lRbeKn


ehIydl´Pik¡úGñkdl´RBmedayvtþ manpleRcInCagTan

enaH . Tan EdlbuK<lRbeKnehIy dl´Pik¡úGñkR:rBÆ

vibsSna manpleRcInCagTanenaH .

k*Pav;énTan EdlbuK<loehIycMeBaHbdiK<ahk;

enaH> CaTanmanpleRcInEbøkepSg>Kña . eRJHPav;

énKuN mansIlrbs´sameNrCaedIm RbesIrCagKña

CaedIm eRJHKuNEdlRbesIrx¬g´x¬sĆagKña dUecñH .

k*Pav;énelakGñkEdldl´RBmedaymK< eQ μaHza CaGñk

manKuNminTanéBjbribUrN¾ eRJHelakCaGñkminTan´

:nseRmckic© eRJHsg,ielsZm(TaMgLay elakkMBug

EtlHbg´ nigeRJHevaTanZm(TaMgLay KW elakkMBug

EtceRmInedaycMENkenaH>ç k*Pav;énelakGñkEdldl´

RBmedayplTaMgLay eQ μaHza CaGñkmanKuNbribUN(

ehIy eRJHelakCaGñkmankic©seRmcehIy eRJHehtu

enaH Kb|IRCabPav;énelakGñkEdltaMgenAkñúgpl Caextþ

d*x¬g´x¬sĆagGñkEdltaMgenAkñúgmK<enaH> .


mYyeT[t Pav;énelakGñkEdltaMgenAkñúgmK<

xagelI CaGñkmanKuNx¬g´x¬sĆagelakGñkEdltaMgenA

kñúgmK<xageRkam nigPav;énelakGñkEdltaMgenAkñúgpl

xagelI CaGñkmanKuNx¬g´x¬s´ CagelakGñkEdltaMgenA

kñúgplxageRkamç R:kdehIyEmnBit . EmnBitdUecñaH

RBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´ RTg´Rtas´Pav;énTanEdlbuK<l

RbeKnehIy dl´RBHGriybuK<l GñkmanKuNx¬g´x¬s´

TaMgLay CaTanmanpleRcIn .

sYrza eQ μaHza Pav;énelakGñkEdlRBmeRB{g

edaymK< EdlZm μtakMNtéhIy edaylk¡N;énmK<

citþç k*kñúgxN;enaH karRbeKnTankþI karTTYlTankIþ

nwgmanRBmyägdUcemþc /

eq ø Iyza Pik¡úGñkR:rBÆvibsSna CaGñkQrenARtg´

mat´TVarpÞH ßGg<úyenAkñúgviharnigsalaqan´ç Tayk

TTYl:RtrbsélakehIy k*dakńUvrbsÉdlKYrqan´ KYrbriePaKcUleTAç kñúgxN;enaH karecj‘cakkiels’


edaymK< rEmgmandl´Pik¡ú TanenHeQ μaHza CaTanEdl

RbeKnehIy dlélakGñkEdlRBmeRB{gedaymK< .

Tan 14 yägenH eQ μaHza :dibuK<likTan eRJH

eZVIvieRKaHza ²cMeBaHbuK<l KWcMeBaHbuK<lmñak´ eQ μaHza

cMeBaHbuK<lç TanEdleQ μaHza :dibuK<likTan eRJH

Gtæza KW eKodl´buK<lcMeBaHenaH³ .

GFib,aysgÇKtaTkç iNaTan k*TanEdlbuK<lRbeKnehIy dl´buK<lTaMg 7 BYk

enH KW buK<loTancMeJHsg¹TaMgBIrcMENk manRBHBuTÆ

CaRbZan .l. buK<l ‘eTAnimnþGMBIsMNak´sg¹’ za

sUmelakTaMgLay cat´BYkPik¡únIbüeNÑHGMBIsg¹ edIm|Ix\Mú

ehIyeTIboTan eQ μaHza TanEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgsg¹ .

TanEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgsg¹TaMgGsénaH manplrab´

min:n . RBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´RTg´RtasćMeJHRBH

GannÞÞ dUecñHza ²mñalGannÞ kñúgkalGnaKt nwgman

eKaRtPUsg¹ ‘sg¹manEteQ μaH’ manEtsMBt´kasav;


cgk CaGñkRTúsþsIl manZm(d*lamk CnTaMgenaH

óTÞiscMeBaHsg¹ ehIynwgoTandl´buK<lRTúsþsIl

TaMgenaH mñalGannÞ sUm|IkñúgkalenaH k*tzaKteJlza

sg¹KtaTk¡iNaTanmanGanisgSrab´min:n RbmaN

minekItEdr mñalGannÞ tzaKtminEdleJlnUv

:dibuK<likTanza manGanisgSeRcInCag sg¹Kta-

Tk¡iNaTan edaybriyayNamYyeLIy³ .

edayehtuenaH kñúgGdðkza Tk¡iNaviPg<sURt eTIb

elakeJlza ²sUm|ITk¡iNa EdlbuK<lRbeKnehIy

cMeJHRBHsg¹manRBHBuTÆCaRbZan RBHmanRBHPaKRTg´

Rtas´za eQ μaHza Tanmanplrab´min:n eRJHkarrab´

edayKuN³ dUecñH . EmnBit Tk¡¡iNaEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúg

RBHsg¹ rEmgmandl´buK<lEdlGac edIm|InwgeZVInUv

esckIþeKarBekatERkgcMeJHRBHsg¹ . EtkiriyaeZVInUv

esckIþeKarBekatERkgcMeBaHRBHsg¹ Cakic©EdleZVI:n

edaykRm . k*buK<lNa cat´EcgnUveTyüZm(edayKit

za ²Gat μaGjnwgRbeKnnUvTan EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúg


RBHsg¹³ dUecñH eTAkan´vtþeJlza ²bBiRtRBHKuNm©as´

d*ceRmIn sUmRBHKuNm©asónUvRBHezr;1rUb cakGMBI

RBHsg¹³ dUecñHç luHdl´:nsameNrGMBIRBHsg¹ehIy

k*rEmgdlńUvPaBCadéT ‘Gnćitþ’ za ²Gat μaGj :n

sameNr³ dUecñHç Tk¡iNarbs´buK<lenaH rEmgmineQ μaH

za RbRBwtþeTAkñúgRBHsg¹eT . sUm|IkalebI:n

RBHmhaezr;ehIy eTaHCaeZVIesckIþesamnsSoekIt

eLIgza ²Gat μaGj :nRBHmhaezr;³ dUecñHç Tk¡iNaenaH

k*mineQ μaHza RbRBwtþeTAkñúgRBHsg¹dUcKñaEdr . cMENk

buK<lNa :nbdiK<ahk;CasameNr ß óbsm|nññ

CakMelaH ß RBHezr; CaBal ß bNÐitrUbNamYy

cakBIRBHsg¹ CaGñkminmanesckIþsgS&y rEmgGac

edIm|InwgeZVInUvesckIþeKarBekatERkg kñúgRBHsg¹za

²Gat μaGjRbeKndl´RBHsg¹³ dUecñHç Tk¡iNarbs´buK<l

enaH rEmgeQ μaHza CaTanEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgRBHsg¹ .

smN;EdlTayknimnþcMeBaHcakRBHsg¹ CabuzuC¢nç

:dibuK<likCaRBHesatabnñç kalebIbuK<lGaceZVIesckIþ


eKarBekatERkgkñúgRBHsg¹ç TanEdlbuK<lRbeKnehIy

cMeJHsmN;EdlCabuzuC¢n k*CaTanmanpleRcInCag .

sUm|IkñúgJküCaedImza ²smN;EdlTayknimnþcMeJH

‘caksg¹’ CaRBHsg¹ bdiK<ahk;CaRBHskTaKamI³

k*n&yenHdUcKñaEdr . EmnBit kalebIbuK<lGacedIm|I

nwgeZVInUvesckIþeKarBekatERkgcMeJHRBHsg¹ç TanEdl

buK<lRbeKnehIy sUm|IcMeJHsmN;RTúsþsIl Edl

eKnimnþcMeJH ‘caksg¹’ k*CaTanmanpleRcInCag

TanEdlRbeKncMeBaHRBHxINaRsBedayBit . k*RBH

tRmasŃaEdlRBHmanRBHPaK RTg´Rtas´za bBiRt

RBHmharaC TanEdlbuK<lRbeKnehIy dl´smN;

GñkmansIl CaTanmanpleRcInç EdlRbeKnehIy

dl´smN;EdlRTúsþsIl minmanpleRcIn yäg

dUecñaHeT dUecñHç RBHtRmasénaH RBHGg<RTg´Rtas´

lHn&yenHecal³ .


dÍkaTkç iNavíPgÁsURtenaHfa bTza KuNsg¡ay esckIþza eRJHkarKNnarab´

edaypl GanisgS KWeRJHPav;énTanmanpleRcIn .

Tk¡iNaRBHmanRBHPaK RTg´Rtas´za manplrab´min:n

k*eRJHPav;énTk¡iNaenaH KW buK<lRbeKnehIycMeBaH

sg¹ . k*karRbeKncMeJHRBHsg¹ rEmgmaneday

viZINaç edIm|InwgsEmþgnUvviZIenaH RBHGdðkzacarü eTIb

eJlBaküCaedImza ²sg¹Kta Tk¡iNa hi dUecñH .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza citikarM :ndl´

esckIþeKarB . cakBIRBHsg¹ minEmncakbuK<l .

bTza GJ¦ztþM manesckIþza minjúaMgcitþoekIteLIg

yägenHza ²Tan CaTan KWGat μaGjoehIydl´buK<l

enH³ dUecñH ehIycatÉcgnUveTyüZm( edayKitza

²Gat μaGjnwgRbeKndl´RBHsg¹³ dUecñH rEmgdlńUv

Pav;CaGñkmancitþepSg’ Gnćitþza Tan eQ μaHza CaTan

EdlGat μaGjKb|IRbeKndl´sameNr dUecñHç eRJH

ehtuenaH Tk¡iNarbs´buK<lenaH rEmgmineQ μaHza


CaTanEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgRBHsg¹eLIy Tk¡iNa rEmgmin

eQ μaHza RbRBwtþeTAkñúgRBHsg¹:n k*eRJHeZVIcitþo

ERbRbÜleTAedayGMNacénbuK<l .

BIrbTza nieBVmtieka hutVa manesckIþza min

júaMgesckIþsgS&yoekIteLIgza Tan CaTanEdlGat μa

GjoehIydl´buK<lenH ßk*min:noehIyßeThñ@ .

BIrbTza seg¹ citikarM manesckIþza kalebI

buK<lnwkr"kdl´KuNénRBHsg¹ manPav;CaGñkRbtibtþi

RbéBCaedIm RbeKnedayGMNacesckIþeKarB EdlekIt

eLIgehIy kñúgbuK<lenaH eRb{bdUcCaRbeKnnUvcMeBaHmux

énRBHsg¹ edayesckIþeKarBkñúgsg¹KuNç TanEdl

buK<lRbeKnehIycMeBaHKN;CabuzuC¢n k*rEmgmanpl

eRcInCag . TanEdlbuK<lRbeKnehIycMeBaHKN;Gñk

RTúsþsIl k*rEmgmanpleRcInCag ‘TanEdleKRbeKn

cMeBaHRBHxINaRsB’ edayBit eRJHsmN;enaH eK

nimnþcMeJHGMBIRBHsg¹ nigeRJHeKRbeKnehIy edayKit

y¨agenHza GatμaGjnwgRbeKndl´RBHsg¹ dUecñH . eRJH


ehtuenaH eTIbRBHmanRBHPaK RTg´Rtas´za ²mñalGannÞ

tzaKtminEdleJlnUv:dibuK<likTanza manGanisgS

eRcInCagsg¹KtaTk¡iNaTan edaybriyayNamYy

eLIy³ dUecñH . RBHGdðkzacarü ecaTsYrza RbsinebI

TanEdleKRbeKnehIy sUm|IcMeJHsmN;GñkRTúsþsIl

EdleKnimnþcMeBaHGMBIRBHsg¹ rEmgCaTanmanpleRcIn

Cag TanEdlbuK<lRbeKnehIycMeJHRBHxINaRsBç

kalebImanyäg dUecñHç Baküza bBiRtmharaC Tan

EdlbuK<lRbeKnehIy dl´buK<lGñkmansIlnu@HÉg Ca

TanmanpleRcInç EdlRbeKndl´buK<lRTúsþsIl min

manpleRcInyäg dUecñaHeT dUecñHenH etIyägdUcemþchñ@@ !

dUecñHehIy eTIbeJlza BaküenaH RBHmanRBHPaK

RtaséhIy lHbgńUvn&yenHecal³ dUecñH .

eq ø Iyza BaküenaH RBHGg<RTg´lHecalnUvviZInimnþ

cMeJHGMBIRBHsg¹ ehIyRtasédayGMNackarnimnþ

smN;GñkRTúsþsIl EtmüägdUecñH . ‘mg<ltæTIbnI’ .


1>10 srubTan kalsrubmk TanenHman 4 y¨ag KW

1-ectnaTan :ndl´ ectnaectsik Edl

RbkbCamYymhakusl EdlCaehtuénkaroTan

2-vtæúTan :ndl´ bc©&y 4 EdlCaeTyüZm(

3-GelaPTan :ndl´ GelaPectsik Edl

RbkbCamYyectnaectsik EdlCaehtuénkaroTan

4-virtiTan :ndl´ virtiectsik 3 Edlman

karev[rcakGkuslTuc©rit EdlCaehtuostVTaMgLay

minRtÚvTuk¡RBÜycitþ kñúgkarEdlnwgmanP&yekIteLIg Ca

GP&yTan TaMgxagkñúgnigxageRkA .

1>11 )alIsEmþgkarsrubTanTaMg 4 y:ag 1-ectsieka Zem μa Tannþi ? Gamnþa

ectnaectsik EdlRbkbCamYymhakusl eQ μaHza

Tan EmneT ? eq ø Iyza Emn .

‘mkkñúgRBH:lITankza stþmvK< Km<Irkzavtæú’


2-eTyüZem μa Tannþi ? Gamnþa vtæú eQ μaHza

Tan EmneT ? eq ø Iyza Emn .

‘mkkñúgRBH:lITankza stþmvK< Km¬Irkzavtæú’

3-tM sm|yuetþa GelaePabi TanM nam

GelaPectsik EdlRbkbCamYyectsik EdlCaehtu

énkaro k*eQ μaHza Tan .

‘mkkñúgsutþ sg<h; Gdðkza nigmUldIka’

4-GPyM eTtIti GaKtdðaen virti TanM . kalEdleBalBaküoGP&yKñaenaH karEdloGP&y

enH eQ μaHza virtiTan . ‘mkkñúgRBH:lI kzavtæú’

5-:Nati:ta bdivireta Pik¡ev Griy-saveka GbrimaNanM stþanM GPyM eTti .l. «TM Pik¡ev bfmM TanM mhaTanM . RBHGriysav&k:nev[rehIy cak:Nati:tenaH rEmg

oGP&ydl´stVTaMgLay minmanRbmaN karoGP&y

dl´stVTaMgLayenH :neQ μaHza mhaTanTI 1 . ‘mkkñúgGPisnÞsURt TanvK< Gdðkni:t énRBH:lIGg<útþr’


1>12 lkçN³CaedImrbs;Tankusl 1-bric©aKlk¡NM mankarbric©aK Calk¡N;

2-elaPviTÆ MsnrsM mankarkMcat´bg´nUvesckIþ

elaPCakic©

3-PvviPvsm|tþibc© úb|dðanM mankardl´RBmén

PBCati nigputcakPBCati CaGakarR:kd

4-seTÆyübTdðanM sTÆaectsikEdlmansPaB

RCHzøakñúgvtæúEdlKYrRCHzøa CaehtuCit .

1>13 bdiekçbFm’CaedImrbs;Tankusl 1-bdiek¡bZm μ Zm(EdlRtÚvhamXat´eday

Tankusl :ndl´ elaP;

2-GnuBa¦atZm μ Zm(Edl:nTTYlGnuBa¦atGMBI

TankusloekIteLIgenaH :ndl´ GelaP;

3-ób|aeTtBVZm μ Zm(EdlTankusleZVIoekIt

eLIg :ndl´ mK<xageRkam3 plxageRkam 3 sMedA

dl´ GMNacrbs´TankuslEdlCaóbtæmÖkstiþ .


1>14 GanisgSTan 5 y:ag ‘sutþnþbidk Gg<útþrnikay bBa©mPaK 44 TMB&r80’

1-Bhuena CnsS bieya ehati mnae:

KW CaTIRsLaj´ CaTIKab´citþénCneRcIn

2-senþa sb|úriesa PCniþ BYksb|úrsGñk

sáb´ rEmgKb´rk

3-klüaeNa kitiþseTÞa GBÖúK<cäti man

kitþis&BÞd*BIeraH x©rx©ayeTA

4-KihiZm μa GnbKeta ehati min:nR:s-

cakZm(rbs´RKhsæ

5-kaysS ePTa brm μrNa suKtw sK<M elakM óbbC¢ti luHEbkZøayragkaysøab´eTA rEmg

ekItkñúgsuKtisYK(eTvelak .

buK<lkaloTan rEmgCaTIRsLaj´ CaGñkGnukUl

eTAtamZm(rbs´BYksb|úrs BYksRBh μcarI GñksRgÜm

mancitþsáb´rmáab´ rEmgrab´rkbuK<lenaHsBV>kal BYk


sRBh μcarIenaH rEmgsEmþgZm( CaeRK}gbenÞabgńUvTuk¡

TaMgGs´ dl´buK<lenaH TaMgbuK<lenaHdwgnUvZm(ehIy

CaGñkminmanGasv; rEmgbriniBVankñúgelakenH .

1>15 karekIteLIgénTanman 8 y:ag ‘sutþnþbidk Gg<útþrnikay elx 48 TMB&r164-168’

1-buK<lBYkxøH kñúgelakenH oTanKW :y Twk

sMBt´ yanCMniH kRmgp,a eRK}gRkGUb eRK}glab TIedk

TIGaRs&yenA eRK}gRbdab´ nigRbTIb CaTandl´smN

ßRBah μN¾ buK<lenaHonUvvtæúNa k*R:zñanUvvtæúenaH

buK<lenaH eXIjBYkxtþiymhasalkIþ RBah μN-

mhasalkIþ KhbtimhasalkIþ EdlkMBugEq Át

s,b´s,l´ mUlmiRt beRmIedaykamKuNTaMg 5 .

buK<lenaH manesckIþRtiHriHyägenHza Ohñ@ ! GjluHEt

EbkZøayragkaysøabéTA sUmoeTAekItCamYynwgBYk

xtþiymhasalkIþ RBah μNmhasalkIþ Khbtimha-

salkIþ buK<lenaH k*tm,lćitþenaH GZidðancitþenaH


ceRmIncitþenaH citþrbs´buK<lenaH k*s)b´kñúgkamKuN

d*ezakTab min:nceRmInKuNZm(d*elIslbeLIgeTAeT[t

luHEbkZøayragkaysøabéTA k*rEmgeTAekItCamYynwg

BYkxtþiymhasalxøH RBah μNmhasalxøH Khbti-

mhasalxøH . mñalPik¡úTaMgLay tzaKteBalnUvkar

seRmcenaHÉg cMeBaHbuK<lmansIl mincMeBaHbuK<l

RTúsþsIleLIy esckIþR:zñaedaycitþ rbs´buK<l

mansIl rEmgseRmceRBaHcitþd*brisuTÆ .

2-mñalPik¡úTaMgLay buK<lBYkxøH kñúgelakenH

oTanKW :y Twk sMBt´ yanCMniH kRmgp,a eRK}gRkGUb

eRK}glab TIedk TIGaRs&yenA eRK}gRbdab´ RbTIb

CaTan dl´smN; ßRBah μN¾ buK<lenaH onUvvtæúNa

k*R:zñanUvvtæúenaH buK<lenaH :n»za BYkeTvtacatumμha-

raCik; manGayuEvg mansm|úrlÁ manesckIþsuxeRcIn

buK<lenaH manesckIþRtiHriHyäg enHza ²Ohñ@ ! Gat μaGj

luHEbkZøayragkaysøabéTA sUmoeTAekIt CamYynwg

BYkeTvtacatum μharaCik;³ buK<lenaH k*tm,lćitþenaH


GZidðancitþenaH ceRmIncitþenaH citþrbs´buK<lenaH k*s)b´

kñúgkamKuNd*ezakTab min:nceRmInKuNZm( d*elIs

lbéLIgeTAeT[t luHEbkZøayragkaysøabéTA k*rEmg

eTAekItCamYynwgBYkeTvtacatum μharaCik; mñalPik¡úTaMg

Lay tzaKteBalnUvkarseRmcenaHÉg cMeBaHbuK<l

mansIl mincMeBaHbuK<lRTúsþsIleLIy mñalPik¡ú

TaMgLay esckIþR:zñaedaycitþ rbs´buK<lmansIl

rEmgseRmc eRBaHcitþd*brisuTiÆ .

3-7-mñalPik¡úTaMgLay buK<lBYkxøH kñúgelakenH


eRK}glab TIedk TIGaRs&yenA eRK}gRbdab´ nigRbTIb

CaTandl´smN; ßRBah μN¾ buK<lenaHonUvvtæúNa

k*R:zñanUvvtæúenaH buK<lenaH:n»za BYkeTvtatavtþigS

.eb. BYkeTvtayamÇÇÇ BYkeTvtatusitÇÇÇ BYkeTvta

nim μanrtIÇÇÇ BYkeTvtabrnim μ itvsvtIþÇÇÇ manGayuEvg man

sm|úrlÁ manesckIþsuxeRcIn buK<lenaHmanesckIþRtiHriH

yägenHza Ohñ@ ! Gat μaGj luHEbkZøayragkay


søabéTA sUmoeTAekItCamYynwgBYkeTvta brnim μ it-

vsvtIþÇÇÇ buK<lenaH k*tm,lćitþenaH GZidðancitþenaH

ceRmIncitþenaH citþrbs´buK<lenaH k*cuHs)b´kñúgkamKuN

d*ezakTab min:nceRmInKuNZm(d*elIslbéLIgeTAeT[t

luHEbkZøayragkaysøabéTA k*rEmgeTAekItCamYynwg

BYkeTvtabrnim μ itvsvtIþÇÇÇ mñalPik¡úTaMgLay tzaKt

eBalnUvkarseRmcenaHÉg cMeBaHbuK<lmansIl min

cMeBaHbuK<lRTúsþsIleLIy mñalPik¡úTaMgLay esckIþ

R:zñaedaycitþrbs´buK<lmansIl rEmgseRmc eRBaH

citþd*brisuTÆ .

8-mñalPik¡úTaMgLay buK<lBYkxøH kñúgelakenH


eRK}glab TIedk TIGaRs&yenA eRK}gRbdab´ RbTIb

CaTandl´smN; ßRBah μN¾ buK<lenaHonUvvtæúNa

k*R:zñanUvvtæúenaH buK<lenaH:n»za BYkeTvta RBh μka-

yik; manGayuEvg mansm|úrlÁ manesckIþsuxeRcIn

buK<lenaH manesckIþRtiHriHyägenHza ²Ohñ@ ! Gat μaGj


luHEbkZøayragkaysøabéTA sUmoeTAekItCamYynwg

BYkeTvtaRBh μkayik; buK<lenaH k*tm,lćitþenaH GZidðan

citþenaH ceRmIncitþenaH citþrbs´buK<lenaH k*cuHs)b´kñúg

kamKuNd*ezakTab min:nceRmInKuNZm(d*elIslb´

eLIgeTAeT[t luHEbkZøayragkaysøabéTA k*rEmgeTA

ekItCamYynwgBYkeTvta RBh μkayik; mñalPik¡úTaMgLay

tzaKteBalnUvkarseRmcenaHÉg cMeBaHbuK<lmansIl

mincMeBaHbuK<lRTúsþsIleLIy TancMeBaHbuK<lR:s

cakraK; mincMeBaHbuK<lRbkbedayraK;eT mñalPik¡ú

TaMgLay esckIþR:zñaedaycitþ rbs´buK<lmansIl

rEmgseRmc eRBaHR:scakraK; .

Gdækfa menarfbUrNI TanUbbtþ isURt Bnül;fa bTza TanUbbtþieya :ndl´ óbbtþi ‘karekIt

eLIg’ manTanCabc©&y . bTza bThti ERbza

²taMgTuk³ . bTza GZidðati Caevvcn; rbs´Baküza

bThti enaHÉg . bTza Paevti ²oceRmIn³ .


bTza hIenZimutþ M :ndl´ OneTAkñúgcMENkTab KW

kamKuN 5 . bTza ótþrw GPavitM :ndl´ min:n

Gb´rMedIm|ICaRbeyaCn¾dl´mK< nigpl x¬sĆagenaH .

bTza ttæÚbbtþiya sMvtþti esckIþza rEmgRbRBwtþeTA

edIm|IRtÚvkarekItkñúgfanEdlxøÜnR:zñaehIy eZVIkusl .

bTza vitraKsS :ndl´ GñkdkraK;edaymK< ß

GñkRKbsg,t´raK;edaysmabtþi . BitEmn RtwmEtTan

büeNÑaH minGacnwgekItkñúgRBh μelak:n EtTanrEmg

CaeRK}gRbdabĆMuvijrbsćitþ EdlRbkbedaysmaZi nig

vibsSna taMgGMBIenaH buK<lGñkmancitþTnédaykaro

Tan ceRmInRBh μvihar ekItkñúgRBh μelak edayehtuenaH

RBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´ eTIbRtas´za vItraKsS ena sraKsS dUecñH .

esckI þbBa ¢ak ; ³ karbric©aKTan nig karekIteLIgénTan enAman

eRcInRbePTNas´ EtkñúgTIenH min:nsEmþgoRKb´


RbePTeT RKanÉtnaMmksEmþgedayseg¡bTaMgenH k*

edIm|IoBuTÆbris&Tyl´dwgxøHbüeNÑH kñúgkarksagnUv

Tankusl .

TIbMputénBaküza Tan enH x\MúnwgelIkyknUv

buBVeyaKrbs´RBH:TmhasuTsSn nigplénTan nig

er]gBIr mksEmþgCasaZkteTA ?

kñúgGdðkza mhasuTsSnsURt :nsEmþgGMBI

buBVeyaKrbs´RBH:TmhasuTsSnTukza ?

1>16 buBVeyaKrbs;RBH)aTmhasuTsSn :n»za kñúgkalmun RBHraCaRTgekItkñúgRtkUl

KhbtI . sm&yenaH RBHezr;mYyrUb kñúgsasnarbs

RBHBuTÆksSb; RTgenAmanRBHCnμ caMvsSakñúgéRB . RBH

eJZistVcUléRBedaykargarrbs´xøÜn eXIjRBHezr;ehIy

cUleTAKalzVaybg<MehIy RkeLkemIlTIGg<úynigTIc®g,m

CaedIm rbs´RBHezr; eTIbsYrza bBiRtelakm©as´d*ceRmIn

elakm©asénAkñúgTIenaHß . :nsþabza yägenaHó:sk


eTIbKitza ²smKYrnwgsagbNÑsala RbeKnelakm©as

kñúgTIenH³ ehIyelIkkargarrbsxøÜnCJ¢ÚnsmÖar; eZVIbNÑ-

sala bUklabCJ¢aMgedaydIsÁit P¢abTVar eZVIbEgÁkGg<úy

Gg<úykñúgTIsmKYrmYy edayKitza elakm©as´nwgeZVIkar

briePaK ßeThñ@ . RBHezr;mkBIxagkñúgRsúk cUleTAkan

bNÑsala ehIyGg<úyRtgbEgÁk . sUm|Ió:skmk

ehIyzVaybg<M Gg<úykñúgTICitehIy sYrza bBiRtelak

m©asd*ceRmIn bNÑsalapasukeT . ‘RBHezr;®:b´za’

pasuk smKYrdl´bBVCit . ‘ó:sk’ elaknwgenATI

enHß . ‘RBHezr;’ y¨agenaHó:sk . ó:skenaHdwg

ehIyza RBHezr;nwgenAedayGakarTTYl oRBHezr;RCab

za elakKb|IeTAkan´TVarpÞHrbsx\úMCanic© ehIyR:bza

bBiRtelakd*ceRmIn sUmelakcUroBrmüagdl´x\úMcuH .

‘RBHezr;’ mñaló:sk bBVCitmanBrknøgehIy .

‘ó:sk’ bBiRtelakm©as´d*ceRmIn CaBrEdlKYr nigmin

maneTas . ‘RBHezr;’ ó:sk cUrR:bmk . ‘ó:sk’

²bBiRtelakm©asd*ceRmIn mnusSTaMgLaykñúgTICaTIenA


CaRbcaM rEmgR:zñakarmkkñúgmg<l ßGmg<l rEmgeRkaZ

dl´RBHezr;Gñkminmk eRJHdUecñaH elakm©as´sUm|IeTA

kan´TInimnþdéTehIy cUleTAkan´pÞHrbsx\úMehIy Kb|IeZVI

Ptþkic©³ . RBHezr; TTYlehIy .

k*eJZistVenaH RkalkenÞlEpgkñúgsala er[bcM

ERKtaMg dak´bEgÁk dak´TICUteCIg CIkRsH eZVITIc®g,m cak

erayxSac eXIjstVmkTmøayCJ¢aMg eZVIdIsÁitoZøak

k*elamB&TÆrbgbnøa eXIjstVcuHRsH eZVITwkolÁk´ k*

ksagCeNþIrxagkñúg elamB&TÆrbgbnøaxageRkA daMCYretñat

kñúgTIbMputrbgxagkñúg eXIjstVeZVIesμakeRKakkEnøgEdl

smKYrkñúgmhac®g,m k*elamB&TÆTIc®g,medayrbg daMCYr

etñat kñúgTIbMputrbgxagkñúg júaMgGavasoseRmcy¨agenH

zVayéRtcIvr biNÐ:t zñaM PaCnbriePaK kÁmTwk ké®nþ

kaMbitkatRkck m¢úl eQIRct´ Es|keCIg BagTwk qRt

Kb´ePøIg eQIkgVarGacm¾Rtec[k :Rt esøak:Rt sMBt´

tRmgTwk TItRmgTwk ßk* vtæúEdlbBVCitKYrbriePaKdéT

cMeJHRBHezr; eQμaHza brik¡arEdlRBHeJZistVminzVay


dl´RBHezr;minman . RBHeJZistVenaH rkSasIl rkSa-

óe:sz TMnukbRmúgRBHezr;rhUtdl´GsĆIvit . RBHezr;

enAkñúgGavasenaHÉg seRmcRBHGrhtþehIyniBVan .

cMENkRBHeJZistV eZVIbuNürhUtdl´Gs´Gayu

ehIyeTAekItkñúgeTvelak cutiGMBIeTvelakenaH mkkan´

mnusSelak ekItCaRBH:TmhasuTsSncRkBtþi kñúgraC-

ZanI eQμaHza kusvtI .

ÉvM natimhnþm|i buBa¦ M Gayten ktM mhavi:kM ehatIti ktþBV M tM viPavina . buNüsUm|IEdlminZMéRkElgeT :neZVIehIykñúg

sasna rbsélakyägenH mhavi:k ‘pl

d*eRcInéRkElg’ eTIbman eRJHdUecñaH Gñkman

bJ¦a ‘RbkbedaysTÆa’ Kb|IeZVIbuNüenaH .

plénkusl :n»za RBHnKr 84ç000 nKr R:saT 1 Jnxñg

nigkUdaKarmYyJn´ ekIteLIg eRJHplbuNühUrmkén


bNÑsalamYyxñg . blø&g, 84ç000 ekIteLIg eday

plbuNühUrmkénERKEdlzVay edIm|IRbeyaCn¾dl´kar

edk . dMrI 84ç000 esH 1ç000 rz 1ç000 ekIteLIg

edayplbuNüEdlhUrmkéntaMgEdlzVay edIm|IRb-

eyaCn¾ dl´karGg<úy . EkvmNI 84ç000 ekIteLIg

edayplbuNüEdlhUrmkénRbTIbmYy . RsHe:k¡rNI

84ç000 ekIteLIg edayplbuNüEdlhUrmkénRsH

e:k¡rNImYy . ®sþI 84ç000 buRt 1ç000 nak´ KhbtI

1ç000 nak´ ekIteLIg edayplbuNüEdlhUrmkénkar

zVaybriePaKPaCn; :Rt esøak:Rt ZmμRkk sMBt´

tRmgTwk qñaMgTwk ké®nþ kaMbitkat´Rkck m¢úl esar

eQIkgVarGacm¾Rtec[k sMBt´CUteCIg ERskeCIg qRt nigeQIRct´ . emeKa 84ç000 ekIteLIg edayplbuNü

EdlhUrmkénTaneKars . sMBt´ 84ç000 ekadi ekIt

eLIg edayplbuNüEdlhUrmkénTansMBt´esø{k sMBt´

dNþb´ . sRmab´dakRBHRkyahar 84ç000 Kb|IRCabza

ekIteLIg edayplbuNüEdlhUrmkénTanePaCna .


RBHmanRBHPaK Rtasdl´sm|tþirbs´RBH:Tmha-

suTsSncRkBtþi taMgBIedImedayBisþar dUecñHehIy kal

nwgRTg´sEmþgsm|tþienaHTaMgGs´ dUcsEmþgeragelgZUlI

dlékμgTaMgLay pÞMelIRBHeTnCaTIrMlt´xnÆbriniBVan ehIy

Rtas´za mñalGannÞ GñkcUremIl dUecñHCaedIm .

kñúgbTTaMgenaH bTza vibriNta ‘ERbRbÜleTA

ehIy’ esckþIza dlńUvesckþIERbRbÜldUcRbTIbrlt´

edaylHRbRktIeTA dUecñaH . bTza ÉvM Gnic©a exa GannÞ sg¡ara ‘mñalGannÞ sg¡arTaMgLay mineT[g

yägenHÉg’ esckþIza eQμaHza mineT[g eRJHGtæza

manehIyRtLbĆaminmanyägenH . burscgbegÁagkñúg

edImeQIcm|akm¬s´ 100 htæ eLIgehIy kanýkp,aeQI

cm|a RsaybegÁagcuHmkyagNa RBHmanRBHPaK k*dUecñaH

Edr RTgélIknUvsm|tþirbsésþcmhasuTsSncRkBtþi

x¬s´dlÉsnekadiqñaM minEmntic dUccgbegÁagç RTgkan

ykGnic©lk¡N; EdltaMgenAkñúgTIbMputénsm|tþi QancuH

dUcRsaybegÁag edayRbkardUecñH . edayehtuenaH


kñúgkalmun RBH:TvsP; RTg´sþabRBHsURtenH Edl

RBHTIXPaNetær sVaZüaykñúgGm¬ldðika EpñkTisxag

ekIténelah;R:saT ehIyRTg´Kitza elakm©as´rbs´

eyIgeJlGVIkñúgTIenH elakm©aséJlcMeBaHsm|tþikñúgfan

EdlxøÜn:nsuI :npwkbüeNÑaH RTgTeRmtRBHhsæeqVgp<úM edayRBHhsæsþaM za elakmanck¡úedayck¡ú 5 Rbkar

eXIjsURtenHehIy eJlyagenH kñúgkalEdlRBHman

RBHPaKRtas´za ²mñalGannÞ sg¡arTaMgLaymineT[g

yägenHÉg³ . RTg´manRBHh#T&yeRtkGrza saZu saZu

RTgósaZukar .

1>17 erOgRBH)aTnnÞraC kñúgGtItkal kudum¬Ik¾mñak´ CaGñkenAkñúgTIRkúg

JraNsI RtacéTAkñúgéRB :neXIjsMBt´Gnuvatrbs´

RBHbec©kBuTÆelakkMBugeZVIcIBr minRKb´RKan´ eTIb:n

RbeKnsMBt´dNþb´rbs´xøÜn . kudum¬Ik¾enaH :neTAekIt

kñúgPBtavtþigS eRJHkm μenaH esaynUvTiBVsm|tþi


cüútcakPBtavtþigSenaHehIy k*:nmkekItkñúgRtkUlén

GmatükñúgTIRbmaNmYyeyaCn¾ GMBIRkúgJraNsI :n

ceRmIneBjv&yehIy kñúgézánk¡tþ#kS:neJlza ²bBiRt

Gñkmþay sUmGñkmþayosMBt´sadkdl´x\úMç x\M únwgelg

nk¡tþ#kS³ . mataenaH :nosMBt´sç ‘büEnþ’ kalkUn

enaHeJlza ²sMBténHsac´minlÁeT³ dUecñHç eTIb:no

sMBtépSgeT[t . kUnenaH hamnUvsMBténaHeT[t .

mþayenaHeJlza ²kñúgpÞHrbséyIg K μansMBt´lÁCag

enHeT³ . kUnenaHeJlza ²bBiRtGñkmþay x\MúnwgeTA

kEnøgEdl:n³ . mþayenaH :neJlza ²EnkUn mþay

R:zñacgókUnÉg :nnUvraCsm|tþikñúgRkúgJraNsI

kñúgézáenHeT[tpg³ . kUnenaHeJlza ²bBiRtGñkmþay

RbéBehIy³ dUecñH zVaybg<Mmata RtÚvniyaménbuNü

dasét]nehIy k*eTAkan´RkúgJraNsI edkdNþb´

‘RKb’nUvGvyv;RBmTaMgk|al elIpÞaMgsilaEdlCa

mg<lkñúgóTüan k*ézáenaH CaézáTI 7 énRBHraCa Rkúg

JraNsIRTg´:nTIvg<teTA . CnTaMgLay manGmatü


CaedIm :nbUCanUvRBHsrIr;kic©rbs´RBHraCaehIy eTIb

RbwkSaKñaza ²RBHraCa RTg´manRBHraCZItaEtmYyRBHGg<

buëNÑaHç K μanRBHraCOrseT raCsm|tþiEdlR:scak

RBHraCanwgtaMgenABMu:neLIy³ dUecñHehIy kalnwgElg

busSrz ‘rzmanBN(s’eTA :nTwmesHsinÆB 4

Edlmansm|úrdUcCap,akumuT ehIy:ntaMgraCkuk,úZP&NÐ

5 Rbkar elIrzeRscehIy k*ElgrzeTA rz:necjeTA

tammat´TVarTisxagekIt cUlkan´óTüan eZVIRbTkSiN

kumarenaHmineTANa . buerahit :nebIkCaysMBt´

EdldNþb´ ehIyRtÜtBinitüemIlépÞén:TeCIg eJlza

²kumarenH smKYrehIy edIm|IRKb´RKgraCsm|tþi³ dUecñH

ehIy oeKRbKMnUvdUrt®nIþGs´var; 3 dg . RKaenaH

kumar:nebIkmuxeLIgehIy eJlza ²bBiRtelakÓBuk

etImanehtuGVI / ³ . buerahiteJlza ²bBiRtelakm©as´

raCsm|tþi rEmgseRmcdlélakm©as´³ . kumarsYrza

²cuHRBHraCarbs´GñkTaMgLay esþcyageTANa / ³ .

buerahiteJlza ²bBiRtelakm©as´ RBHGg<RTgésþc


TIvg<teTAehIy³ . knøgeTA:nbün μanézáehIy / .

buerahiteJlza ²ézáenH CaézáTI7³ . kumarsYrza

RBHraCOrskþI RBHraCZItakIþ minmaneTß / . buerahit

eJlza ²bBiRtelakm©as´ manEtRBHraCZIta ‘Et’

RBHraCOrsminmaneT³ . kumareJlza ebIdUecñaHx\Múnwg

RKb´RKgnUvraCsm|tþi BYkGmatüTaMgenaH naMKñaeZVImNÐb

sRmab´GPiesk kñúgeBlenaHPøam ehIyk*:nGPiesk

kñúgmNÐbenaH rYcehIy:nbegÁansMBtÉdlmantémø 1

Jn´ cUleTAzVay . RBHraCaGg<enaH manRBHraCOg,arza

²sMBténH mansac´minlÁ GñkTaMgLaycUrnaMykkunÞITwk

masmk x\Múnwg:nnUvsMBt´ dUecñHehIyesþceRkakeLIg

RTgýkRBHhsæk|g´Twk ehIyRTg´saceTATisxagekIt .

edImkb|RBwkS 8 edIm :nTMlayEpndId*RkaspuseLIg

ehIy kñúgeBlenaHPøam . edImkb|RBwkS 8 edIm

puseLIgehIyRtg´TisTkSiNç 8 edIm puseLIgehIy

Rtg´Tisbs©wmç 8 edIm puseLIgehIyRtg´Tisótþrç

edayó:yenH . edImkb|RBwkSTaMgGs´man 32 edIm


duHeLIgehIy edayRbkardUecñH . RBHraCaGg<enaH RTg´

esø{ksMBt´TiBVmYy RTg´:ndNþb´sMBt´TiBV 1 RTg´

Rtas´´bBa¢aoBYkGmatü vays<rC&yeXasna kñúgraC-

ZanIrbs´RBH:TnnÞraCza ²RsITaMgLay kMut|ajsURt

eLIy³ ehIyRTg´Rtas´bJ¢aoelIkqRteLIg . oesþc

eLIgelIkdMrId*RbesIr RTgyagcUleTARBHnKr esþceLIg

elIR:saT RTgesaynUvmhasm|tþi RKb´RKgrdðZanI

rbs´RBHGg<TaMgGs´ eRb{bdUcCaótþrkuruTVIb RTg´:n

RBHraCTansMBt´TiBVTaMgLay dl´mnusSTaMgLayEdl

:nmkehIy> eRkaymk RTg´:nsagRBHpñÜsRBmTaMg

RBHeTvI enAkñúgRBHóTüan júaMgQanoekIteLIgehIy

manQanminsabsUnü ehIy:neTAekItkñúgRBh μelak.

kñúgeBlenH ‘BuTÆkal’ RBHraCaGg<enaH :nekItCaRBH

mhaksSbetær; RBHeTvI :nmkekItCanagPTÞkabilanI

dUecñHÉg .

‘er]gRBH:TnnÞraC mkkñúgGdðkza brmtæTIbnI’ .


1>18 erOgRBHeTvIRBHnameKa)almata kñúgcenøaHpøÚveTAkanńKróeC¢nI manniKmmYyeQ μaH

etlnaLI . kñúgniKmenaH manZItarbsésdðIBIrnak´ç

ZItamñakĆaGñkRkIRk edaykalknøgeTAénmatabita

GaRs&ynUvRsIemnM ciJ©wmCIvit CaGñkmanxøÜnsÁat Rss´

manskÉvgCagBYkRsIÉeT[tç ZItamñakĆaGñksþúksþmÖ

‘Et’ minmansk´ . kñúgRKaenaH RBHmhakc©aynetær;

RBmTaMgPik¡ú 7 rUb manR:zñanwgRkabTUlnUvkarekIteLIg

énRBHBuTÆ dl´RBHraCaRBHnamcNÐbeC¢at eTIbnimnþeTA

kan´RkúgóeC¢nI dlńiKmenaHehIy k*cUleTAbiNÐ:t

kñúgniKmenaH ‘Et’ «t:nvtæúGVIeLIy. esdðIZItaEdlman

skÉvgdwger]genaHehIy k*bJ¢ÚnRsIemnMeTA edayR:b´

za cUrnagnimnþRBHezr;TaMgLay ehIyoKg´kñúgpÞH³ .

RsIenaH:neZVIyägdUecñaH . esdðIZIta :ncUleTAkan´

bnÞb´ ehIyoRsIemnMkat´sk´rbs´xøÜn bJ¢ÚneTAehIy

edayR:b´za ²Ennag cUrnagosk´TaMgenH dlésdðIZIta

Edlminmansk´ eQ μaHn@uHç ZItarbsésdðIenaH onUv


vtæúGVIç cUrnaMykvtæúenaHmkç BYkeyIgnwgRbeKnbiNÐ:t

dl´RBHKuNm©as´TaMgLay edayvtæúenaH³ . nag:n

eZVIyägdUecñaHehIy :nTTYlykRTBü 8 khabN;

mkoehIy dlésdðIZItaEdlmansk´ . esdðIZItaenaH

:neZVIbiNÐ:tmYy> oeTACamYy>khabN; ehIy

júaMgbuK<loRbeKnehIy dl´RBHezr;TaMgLay xøÜnÉg

enAkñúgbnÞb´ . RBHmhakc©aynetær; dwgehtukarN¾enaH

ehIy :nobuK<leTAehAesdðIZItaenaHmk . esdðIZIta

enaH :nmkehIy eRJHesckIþeKarBcMeBaHRBHezr; zVay

bg<MRBHezr;ehIy k*:njúaMgsTÆaRCHzøad*mankmøaMgo

ekIteLIgehIy . eQ μaHza Tan EdlnagRbeKnehIy

kñúgextþd*lÁ rEmgonUvvi:kkñúgbc©úb|nñTanÉPñk eRJH

ehtuenaH sk´TaMgLayrbsńag:nduHeLIgvijehIy

kñúgPav;tamRbRktIPøam CamYyKñanwgkarzVaybg<MRBHezr;.

RBHezr;TaMgLay TTYlbiNÐ:tehIyç kalesdðIZIta

enaH eXIjn@uHÉgç k*ehaHeLIgeTAkan´Gakasevhas¾ :n

cuHkñúgóTüan eQ μaHkaJ©nv&n ehIyeZVInUvPtþkic© . buK<l


GñkrkSaóTüan eXIjRBHezr;TaMgLayehIy k*:nRkab

TUldl´RBHraCa . RBHraCaesþcyageTAkan´RBHraC-

óTüan RTg´TtRBHenRteXIjRBHezr;TaMgLay ehIy

RTg´:nRtas´sYrza ²bBiRtRBHKuNm©as´d*ceRmIn kñúg

ézáenH RBHKuNm©as´TaMgLay :nehIynUvPik¡akñúg

TIÉNa / ³ dUecñH RTg´RBHsNþabér]genaHehIy RTg´

esþcyageTAdMNak´ RtasónaMesdðIZItaenaHmk kñúg

ézáenaHÉg ehIyRTg´:nGPiesk‘nag’ CaGK<mehsI .

kñúgkaleRkaymk RBHnagRTg´:nRbsUtRBHraCbuRt

:nykeQ μaHrbsésdðI EdlCaGyükarbs´RBHraC-

Ors zVayRBHnamza eKa:l ‘cMENkRBHnag’ R:kd

namza ²eKa:lmataeTvI’ edayGMNacRBHnamrbs´

RBHraCOrs RTg´RCHzøaehIyyägéRkElgcMMeBaHRBHezr;

RTg´:nobuK<lksagRBHviharzVayRBHezr;ehIy kñúg

RBHraCóTüan eQ μaHkaJ©nv&n dUecñHÉg .

‘er]gRBHnageKa:leTvI mkkñúgGdðkzaÉkni:t Gg<útþrnikay’ .

6


2-sIlmy³ kñúgGdækfa brmtßTIbnI fa ³

Baküza sIlmy :ndl´ ectnaEdlRbRBwtþeTA

ehIy dl´buK<lGñk smaTansIl 5 sIl 8 ßsIl

10 edayGMNacénkarkMNt´oCanic©sIl nigóe:sz-

sIlCaedIm ßGñkKitza eyIgnwgbYsedIm|IbMeBjsIlo

bribUrN¾ ehIyeTAkan´viharbYs nwgjúaMgmenarzodl´

TIbMput rlwkza eyIgbYsehIyCakarlÁ ehIyGb´rM

bMeBj:tiemak¡sMvrsIlobribUrN¾edaysTÆa BicarNa

bc©&y 4 mancIvrCaedImedaybJ¦a sRgÜmck¡úTVarCaedIm

kñúgrUbCaedIm Edlmkkan´knøgedaysti nigCRmH

GaCIv:risuTÆisIl edayesckþIBüayam rEmgtaMgmaM

eRBaHdUecñaH ectnaenaH eTIbeQ μaHza buJ¦kiriyavtæú

seRmcedaysIl .

‘mü¨ageT[t’ kaloTan edaytaMgenAkñúgvtþ-

bdibtþi buJ¦kiriyavtæú CasIlmy; .


kñúgbrmtßeCatik fa ³ sIl sEmþgvcntæ;za sIlyti kayvcIkm μani

sm μa ThtIti × sIlM Zm μCatiNa rEmgeZVIo

kaykm μ nigvcIkm μtaMgTukedaylÁ dUecñaH Zm μCatienaH

eQ μaHza sIlç :ndl´ kiriyarYbrYmTuknUvkmμTaMgLay

mankaykmμCaedIm minrat´ray edayGMNacPav;énbuK<l

GñkmansIl ßkiriyacUleTARTRTg´TYeTA edayGMNacén

kiriyaRbtisðanénZm(TaMgLayCakuslmüag edIm|Io

kuslekItç Tanectna KWectnaEdlTak´Tgnwgkar

bric©aKTan sIlectna KWectnaEdlTak´TgnwgkarrkSa

sIl TaMgenHekIteLIgdl´RBHGrhnþTaMgLay k*man

EtectnaTaMgenH enAkñúgmhakiriyacitþúb|aTTaMgGs´ .

esckþIenH GZib|ayza Baküza sIlenaH CatY

ectnaEdlmankarCMrujnUvkayvaca otaMgenAkñúgkiriya

maryaTEdllÁ TaMgbiTcenøaHminoGkuslepSg> eday

GMNackayTuc©rit vcITuc©rit R:kdeLIg:n esckþIenH

sEmþgodwg:nza sIlenaH mannaTIrkSakayvaca min


oRbRBwtþeTAkñúgTuc©rit EdlekItmkGMBIGkuslepSg>

b¨ueNÑaHç cMENkkarrkSapøÚvcitþ edIm|IminomenaTuc©rit

epSg> ekIteLIgenaH CanaTIrbs´PavnaedaycMeBaH .

vcntæ;mYyeT[tza ? sIlyti kuslZem μ óbZaertIti × sIlM ; Zm μCatiNa rEmgRTRTg´Tuk

nUvkuslZm( ‘mansmaZi bBa¦anigvimutiþCaedIm’ dUecñaH

Zm μCatienaH eQ μaHza sIl .

GZib|ayza sIlectna KWkarrkSasik¡abTepSg>

man:Nati:tvirtiCaedImTaMgenH GacosmaZi bBa¦a

nigmK<plekIteLIg:n óbmadUcCaépÞEpndI EdlCaTI

GaRs&yrbs´vtæúepSg> TaMgmanCIvit nigminmanCIvit

ebIxVHEpndI EdlCaTIGaRs&yehIy vtæúepSg> TaMg

manCIvit nigminmanCIvitTaMgLayenaH k*rEmgekIteLIg

nigceRmIneLIgmin:n esckIþóbmaenHy¨agNa smaZi

bBa¦a mK< pl TaMgenH rEmgGaRs&y ekIteLIg

ebIev[rcaksIlkuslecjehIy vtæú‘Zm(’TaMgenH rEmg

ekIteLIgmin:n .


dUecñH RBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´ eTIbvisC¢naesckIþ

sm<al´rbs´sIl kñúgkarbdibtþiedIm|IputcakTuk¡ Edl

manesckIþvilvl´edaylM:k TaMgxagkñúgTaMgxageRkA

ehIycUlkan´RBHniBVanenaHza ?

sIel btidðay nera sbeJ¦a citþM bJ¦J© PavyM GatabI nibeka Pik¡ú esa «mM viCdey CdM .

nrCn manR:C\a :ntaMgmaMkñúgsIlehIy ceRmIn

nUvsmaZicitþnigvibsSnabJ¦a CaGñkmanBüayam

dutkMedAkiels Rbkbeday:rihariyb|J¦a CaGñk

eXIjP&ykñúgsgSar buK<lenaH eTIbkabq,anUvtNØa

CaeRK}gcakERsHenH:n .

kñúgKazaenH sEmþgGMBIZm( 6 y¨ag KW sIl 1

smaZi 1 bBa¦a 3 Gatb; KWesckIþBüayam 1 .


bBa¦a 3 KW sCatib|Ba¦a bBa¦aCab´mkCamYynwg

bdisnÆiCaéRtehtu ekItGMBIkm μcas´ Edl:nksag

Tukmk kñúgGtItCati 1 ç

vibsSnabBa¦a bBa¦aseRmcmkGMBIkarBicarNa

eXIjtamkarN¾Bit kñúgbc©úb|nñ 1 ç

enbkb|Ba¦a bBa¦aEdlrkSaxøÜnTuk cakZm(EdlCa

sRtÚv ß:riharikb|Ba¦a bBa¦aEdlGackMNtńUvkic©TaMg

BYg mankiriyaQancUl nigQanzyCaedIm ehIynaM

eTAkanÉtGMeBIEdlmanRbeyaCn¾ EtgRbkbmindac´ kñúg

kiriyarkSaTuknUvkm μdðan 1 .

kñúgKazaenaH nrCnenH EdlRBHmanRBHPaK RTg´

Rtas´sEmþgza RbkbedaybBa¦a dUecñH edaybBa¦ajaN

kic©EdlnrCnenaHKb|IeZVI minmankñúgbBa¦aenaH . eRBaH

za bBa¦aenaH seRmcehIydl´buK<lenaH edayGanuPaB

énkm μEdlmanmk kñúgkalmunEtmüäg . k*nrCnenaH

EdlCaGñkeZVIer]y> nigCaGñkeZVInUvkardwgxøÜn eday

GMNacénvIriy; edayGMNacénbBa¦a EdlRBHGg<RTg´


sEmþgRtg´bTenHza ²GñkmanGatb; KW Büayam

manenbk; KW bBa¦acas´køa³ dUecñH Kb|IRbtisðankñúgsIl

ehIyceRmInnUvsmz; nigvibsSna EdlRBHGg<RTgsEmþg

edayGMNacéncitþnigbBa¦a . kñúgTIenaH RBHmanRBHPaK

RTg´sEmþgnUvpøÚvénRBHniBVanenH edayRbZanénsIl

smaZi nigbBa¦a .

2>1 sIlb,ePTkfa sIl ebIEcktamRbePT maneRcInCaGenk EtebI

cat´TukCaRkúm> taMgGMBITI 1 dl´RkúmTI 5 . ehIyRkúm

nImYy> manEckecjCaRbePTeRcInteTAeT[t dUcn&y

EdlnwgvisC¢na teTAenH ?

k*bNþaRkúmrbs´sIlTaMgLayenaH RkúmTI 1 edIm

dMbUg manEtEcktamlk¡N;rbs´sIlTaMgGs´ Edl

rYbrYmmkehAza sIlnlk¡N; :ndl´ lk¡N;Edl

pÞúkTuknUvkaykm μCaedIm nig RTTuknUvkuslTaMgBYg .


ÉRkúmTI 2 man 7 BYkç RkúmTI 3 man 5 BYkç RkúmTI 4

man 4 BYkç RkúmTI 5 man 2 BYk .

RkúmsIlTI1 sIlTaMgGs´enHÉg ebItamRbRktI

Calk¡N;rbs´xøÜn manbkarEtmYyedayBit .

RkúmsIl2 ¬EckCa 7 BYk¦ BYkTI1 edayGMNacéncaritþsIl nig varitþsIl

BYkTI2 edayGMNacénGPismacariksIl nig

GaTiRBh μcriyksIl .

BYkTI3 edayGMNacénvirtisIl nig GvirtisIl

BYkTI4 edayGMNacénnisSitsIl nigGnisSitsIl

BYkTI5 edayGMNacénkalbriynþsIl nig

Ga:NekadiksIl

BYkTI6 edayGMNacénsbriynþsIl nigGbriynþsIl

BYkTI7 edayGMNacénelakiysIl nigelakutþrsIl


RkúmsIl3 ¬EckCa 5 BYk¦ BYkTI 1 edayGMNacénhInsIl 1 mCÄimsIl

1 bNItsIl 1

BYkTI 2 edayGMNacénGtþaZibetyüsIl 1

elakaZibetyüsIl1 Zm μaZibetyüsIl1

BYkTI 3 edayGMNacénbramdðsIl 1

GbramdðsIl 1 bdibsSTÆisIl 1

BYkTI 4 edayGMNacénvisuTÆisIl 1

GvisuTÆisIl 1 evmtiksIl 1

BYkTI 5 edayGMNacénesk¡sIl 1

Gesk¡sIl 1 envesk¡anaesk¡sIl 1

RkúmsIl4 ¬EckCa 4 BYk¦ BYkTI 1 edayGMNacénhanPaKiysIl 1

fitiPaKiysIl 1 viessPaKiysIl 1

nieBVZPaKiysIl 1


BYkTI 2 edayGMNacénPik¡úsIl 1 Pik¡únIsIl 1

Gnubsm|nñsIl 1 KhdðsIl 1

BYkTI 3 edayGMNacénbktisIl 1 GacarsIl 1

Zm μtasIl 1 buBVehtuksIl 1

BYkTI4 edayGMNacén:tiemak¡sMvrsIl 1

«®nÞiysMvrsIl 1 GaCIv:risuTiÆsIl 1

bc©ysnñisSitsIl 1 .

RkúmsIl5 ¬EckCa 2 BYk¦ BYkTI1 edayGMNacénsIlman briynþ:risuTÆi-

sIl 1 Gbriynþ:risuTÆisIl 1 bribuNÑ:risuTÆisIl 1

Gbramdð:risuTÆisIl 1 bdibsSTÆi:risuTÆisIl 1 ç

BYkTI2 edayGMNacénbhansIl 1 evrmNI-

sIl 1 ectnasIl 1 sMvrsIl 1 GvItik,msIl 1 .

kñúgsIlTaMg 5 Rkúm x\Múmin:nelIkykmk

GZib|ayTaMgGs´eT x\MúnwgRsg´ykRkúmsIlNamYy

GMBIRbePTénsIlTaMgenaH mkGZib|ay k*bNþasIl


TaMgenaH x\MúnwgRsg´ykEtsIlmYyRkúm kñúgRbePTén

sIl 4 Edlmannamza Pik¡úsIl 1 Pik¡únIsIl 1

Gnubsm|nñsIl 1 KhdðsIl 1 mkGZib|ay

edayseg¡bteTA .

2>2 RbePTénsIl

1-Pik ¡ ús Il sIlrbs´Pik¡ú :ndl´ sik¡abT

EdlRBHsm¬úTÆRTg´bBa¦tþcMeBaHEtPik¡ú KW sik¡abTEdlCa

GsaZarNb|Ba¦tþi EpñkxagPik¡ú 2 RBmTaMgsik¡abTEdl

CasaZarNb|Ba¦tþi 3 EdlPik¡úRtÚvrkSaeRkAGMBIGsaZa-

rNb|Ba¦tþipg nigxnÆkvtþ .

2 sikçabT EdlRBHsm<úT§ RTg;bBaØtþicMeBaHPikçú ehIyRtÚvRbRBwtþtamEtBYk Pikçú ehAfa GsaFarNb,BaØtþiEpñkxagPikçú . 3 sikçabT EdlRBHsm<úT§ RTg;bBaØtþidl;PikçúnigPikçúnI ehIyRtÚvRbRBwtþtam es μ IKña TaMgPikçúTaMgPikçúnI ehAfa saFarNb,Batþi .


2-Pik ¡ ún Is Il sIlrbs´Pik¡únI :ndl´ sik¡abT

EdlRBHsm¬úTÆ RTg´bBa¦tþcMeBaHEtPik¡únI KW sik¡abT Ca

GsaZarNb|Ba¦tþiEpñkPik¡únI 4 RBmTaMgsik¡abTEdlCa

saZarNb|Ba¦tþi EdlPik¡únIRtÚvrkSaeRkAGMBIGsaZar-

Nb|Ba¦tþipg .

3-Gnubsm|n ñsIl sIlrbs´Gnubsm|nñ :n

dl´ sIl 10 rbs´sameNrnigsameNrITaMgLay .

4-KhdðsIl sIlrbs´RKhsæ :ndl´ nic©sIl

mansik¡abT 5 sik¡abT 10 5 edaymanósSah¾

4 sikçabT EdlRBHsm<úT§ RTg;bBaØtþicMeBaHPikçúnI ehIyRtÚvRbRBwtþtam EtBYkPikçúnI ehAfa GsaFarNb,BaØtþiEpñkxagPikçúnI . 5 kñúgKm<IrvisuT§imKÁ elakeBalfa {sIlrbs;RKhsßy:agenH KW sRmab; BYk])asknig])asika mansikçabT 5 edayGMNacnic©sIl b¤kalebIman esckþIBüayam k¾Kb,IrkSaTaMg 10 sikçabT mansikçabT 8 edayGMNac CaGgÁ]e)asf . ¬sIl 10 eQ μaHfa Canic©sIl eRBaHEtsmaTanehIy RtÚvrkSa Cab;Canic© minmankMNt;kal dUcCasikçabT 5 Edr¦ .


ekIteLIgeT[t nigóe:szsIl mansik¡abT 8 rbs´

ó:sknigó:sikaTaMgLay .

kñúgsIl 4 yägenH Pik¡úsIl nigPik¡únIsIl min

RtÚvsmaTan eRBaHeRkayBIsURtkm μvacaRtwmRtÚvtamc|ab´

RBHvin&y edayev[rcakvibtþi 5 yägman vtæú 1 jtþi 1

GnusSavna 1 sIma 1 bris&T 1ç dl´RBmedaysm|tþi

5 yägKW bribUrN¾edayvtæú 1 Pav;énóbsm|Taebk¡;

enaH brisuTÆputRsLHcakGnþrayikZm(TaMgLay1 bribUrN¾

edaysIma 1 bribUrN¾edaybris&T 1 júaMgkic©Caxag

edImoseRmc 1 ehIysIlTaMgenaH k*seRmcpg .

sRmab´sameNrsIlenaH k*dUcKña minRtÚvman

karsmaTanedaycMeBaH eRkayGMBIsrNKmn¾ 3 Edl

óbCÄay¾ nigbBVC¢aebk¡; eBalRtwmRtÚvtamviny brisuTÆ

TaMgBIrcMENk KWTaMgGñkonigGñkTTYl minoxUc odl´

RBmedayfannigkrN;rbs´BüJ¢n;TaMgLay man Bu

GkSr nig Z GkSrCaedImehIy sIlTaMgenH

k*seRmcpg .


Baküza RKhsæ ERbza GñkRKb´RKgpÞH dUcvcntæ;

za Keh tidðtIti Khedða ; GñkNaenAkñúgpÞH dUecñaH

GñkenaH eQ μaHza Khdð .

sRmab´RKhsæsIlenaH RtÚvmankarsmaTaneday

cMeBaH RtwmEtsmaTanéRtsrNKmn¾ enAminTanéhAza

CaGñkmanKhdðsIleT ehA:nRtwmEtCaGñkdl´éRt

srNKmn¾büeNÑaH dUecñH RtÚvsmaTansik¡abTeT[t eTIb

manKhdðsIl .

2>3 PaBCaGñkRTúsþsIlnigGlC¢IénPikçúnigPikçínI GñkRTúsþsIlsRmab´Pik¡ú Pik¡únI KW Pik¡ú ßPik¡únIrUb

Na eRkayGMBI:nsURtBa¦tþictutækm μvaca edayRtwmRtÚv

xagkñúgsImaer[bryehIy Pik¡úßPik¡únIenaH k*:neQ μaHza

CaGñkmansIlrbs´Pik¡ú ßPik¡únI taMgenAehIy eday

minRtÚvmankarsmaTanedaycMeBaHeT[t rhUtdlévla

EdlminTan´:neBalBakülasik¡a ßenAmin:ndl´PaB

CaGñkRtÚvGabtþi:raCik k*eBal:nza GñkenaH k*taMgenA


kñúgPik¡úsIl ßPik¡únIsIl edayRtwmRtÚv . EtebIeBal

lasik¡aehIy ßcUldl´PaBCaGñkRtÚvGabtþi:raCikehIy

Pik¡ú ßPik¡únIsIlTaMgenaH eQ μaHza CakarEbkZøay k*put

Gs´eTA eRBaHdUecñaH Pik¡ú ßPik¡únIrUbenaH ebIenAmin:n

bþÚrePTeTACaXravas ßCasameNr sameNrI enAEt

ebþC\axøÜnza CaPik¡ú ßPik¡únI k*eBal:nza GñkenaH

CaGñkRTúsþsIl .

mYyeT[t Baküza RTúsþsIl :ndl´ K μansIl .

K μansIl edaymin:nsmaTan ßsmaTanehIy eZVIo

EbkZøayeTAvij .

buK<lCaGlC¢I sRmab´Pik¡ú ßPik¡únI KW ebIPik¡ú Pik¡únI

rUbNa manectnaRbRBwtþknøgsik¡abTdéT> EdleRkA

GMBIGabtþi:raCik mansg¹aTiess ßsuTÆik:citþiy

CaedIm TaMgmin:nrkSaGabtþienaH> oRtwmRtÚvtam

RBHvin&y KWebICaGabtþisg¹aTiess min:neZVIvudðankm μ

:ndl´ karenAbrivasnigmantþç ebICaGabtþidéT> man

suTÆik:citþiyCaedIm min:neZVIeTsnakm μ KWkarsEmþg


GabtþienaHecj CamYysRBh μcarI dUecñHehIy k*eBal

:nza GñkenaHCaGlC¢I ‘Gñkminmanx μas’ .

müägeT[t GlC¢Iedayehtu 3 yägKW EkøgRtÚv

Gabtþi 1 biT:MgGabtþi 1 dl´karluHGKti 1 buK<l

®:kddUecñH RTgéhAza GlC¢IbuK<l .

kñúgbuK<lTaMg 2 RbePTenH buK<lGñkRTúsþsIl

manPar;ZánĆag cMENkGñkCaGlC¢IenaH manPar;

RsalCag .

2>4 GñkRTúsþsIlnigGlC¢I sRmab;sameNr esckIþBit sameNrenaH ebIkñúgeBlbBVC¢a

óbCÄay¾osrNKmn¾ 3 nigxøÜnÉgEdlCabBVC¢aebk¡;

:nTTYlsrNKmn¾ 3 eBaltamRtwmRtÚv brisuTÆTaMg

BIrcMENk Gs´var; 3 dgehIy sUm|IminsmaTan

sik¡abT 10 man:Nati:ta evrmNI CaedIm eday

cMeBaH> eT[t k*eQ μaHza :nseRmcCasameNrehIy

k*mansameNrsIlRBmbribUrN¾ edayRtwmRtÚvtaMgBI


eBlenaHeTA rhUtdlénAminTan´:nbþÚrePT ßenAminTan´

:nRbRBwtþxuskñúglig<nasn;TaMg 10 yäg NamYy

k*taMgenAkñúgPav;CasameNrdrabenaHç dUecñH karsEmþg

sik¡abT 10 man:Nati:ta evrmNI CaedIm rhUtdl´

CatrUbrCtb|diK<hNa evrmNI CaTIbMput eRkayGMBI

karTTYlsrNKmn¾ 3 dgenaH RtwmEtedIm|IosameNr

dwgkñúgsik¡abT EdlxøÜnnwgKb|IsRgÜmteTAbüeNÑaH sm

dUcRBHmanRBHPaK RTg´sEmþgTuk kñúgRBH:lIsik¡abT

vinymhavK<za ²GnuCanami Pik¡ev sameNranM Ts sik¡abTani etsu c sameNerhi sik¡itMu :Nati:ta evrmNI .l. CatrUbrCtb|-diK<hNa evrmNI³ dUecñH .

bNþasik¡abT 10 kalsameNrRbRBwtþknøg

sik¡abT 5 xagedImNamYy KWtaMgBI:Nati:ta evrmNI

CaedIm rhUtdl´suraemrymC¢b|maTdðana evrmNI CaTI

bMputehIy CaGñkKYrdl´lig<nasn; . sik¡abTEdl

enAsl´ 5 eT[t taMgBI vikalePaCna evrmNI CaedIm


rhUtdlĆatrUbrCtb|diK<hNa evrmNI CaTIbMputenaH

RtwmEtTTYleTasTNÐkm μbüeNÑaH . dUecñaH sameNr

rUbNaRbRBwtþknøgsik¡abT EdlTak´TgCamYynwglig<-

nasn; k*RtÚvswkcakePTsameNreTA ßminR:zñanwg

swkeT k*RtÚvTTYléRtsrNKmn¾z μ I . ebIRbRBwtþknøg

sik¡abTEdlTak´TgCamYynwgTNÐkm μ k*RtÚvsUmTTYl

eTasGMBIóbCÄay¾ ßGacarü odakéTas edIm|IesckIþ

sRgÜmrbs´xøÜnteTA . eRBaHdUecñaH sameNrrUbNa

mankarRbRBwtþixussik¡abT EdlTak´TgĆamYylig<na-

sn; 10 NamYyehIy minRBmswkcakePTsameNr

ßminRBmTTYléRtsrNKmn¾z μ I k*ehAsameNrrUbenaH

za CaGñkRTúsþsIl . ebIsameNrrUbNa eZIVxus

sik¡abTEdlTak´TgCamYyTNÐkm μ 10 NamYy Etmin

TTYleTasGMBIóbCÄay¾ ßGacarü mintaMgenAkñúgsMvr;

k*ehAsameNrrUbenaHza CaGlC¢I .


2>5 GñkRTúsþsIlnigGlC¢IsRmab;RKhsß sIl 5 mankarev[rcakkarsmøab´stVCaedIm rhUt

dl´karev[rcakkarpwkTwkRsvwg KWsuranigemr&y CaTIbMput

TaMgenH Canic©sIlrbs´RKhsæTUeTA dUecñaH ebIGñkNa

mankarev[rcak minRbRBwtþknøg k*:neQ μaHza GñkenaH

:ntaMgenAehIykñúgKhdðsIl ebIGñkNa minman kar

ev[rcakRbRBwtþknøgkñúgsik¡abTNamYy ßTaMg 5 GñkenaH

k*eBal:nza CaGñkRTúsþsIl .

RKhsæ CaGlC¢I KWRKhsæNa cUlcitþ ßeBj

citþniyayBaküjúHjg´ s)kes[t bMEbkbM:k´GñkdéT

‘bisuNavaca’ . eBalnUvBaküGaRkk´ manBaküRTeKaH

e:He:k eCrRbeTc GñkdéTCaedIm ‘prusvaca’ . eBal

nUvBaküerayray«tRbeyaCn¾ ‘smöb|lab’ nigKit

sMLwgrMéBRTBürbs´GñkdéT edayKitbMrugnwgo:nmk

CaRTBürbs´xøÜn ‘GPiCÄa’ mancitþcgKMnMuKMukYn Kitb¨gnwg

oGñkdéTdl´nUvesckIþvinas ‘Büa:T’ TaMgenHkIþ nwgCa

GñkmineBjcitþbdibtþitamtYnaTIrbs´xøÜn tamBaküeRb{n


RbedArbs´RBHmanRBHPaKCam©as´ EdlRBHGg<sEmþg

Tukkñúgsg<alksURt KW minbdibtþitamtYnaTI rvagmata

bitaCamYynwgbuRt sVamICamYynwgPriya RKÚGacarüCa

mYynwgsisS ecAhVaynayCamYynwgTas;km μkr mitþ

cMeBaHmitþ nigrvagsasnaNak*eday kalCadUecñH

ehIy k*eBal:nza GñkenaH CaGlC¢I . ebIRKhsæ

Na mincUlcitþniyayer]gbisuNavaca prusvaca

smöb|lab mincUlcitþKiter]gGPiCÄa Büa:T manesckIþ

eRtkGr bdibtþitamtYnaTI rvagmatabitaCamYynwgbuRt

sVamICamYynwgPriyaCaedIm RKhsæenaH eQ μaHza Ca

lC¢IbuK<l ‘buK<lmanx μas’ .

2>6 BaküfaRTúsþsIl kñúgGdðkza Km¬IróTan elakBnül´za ?

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTza TusSIela :ndl´ Gñk

K μansIl . bTza sIlvibenña :ndl´ GñkmansIl-

vibtþi KWGñkTmøaysMvr; . k*kñúgbTTaMgenHedaybTza


TusSIela Rtas´dl´buK<lEdlminmansIl .

esa bnsS sIlaPaeva TuvieZa GsmaTa-enn va smaTinñsS ePeTn vati . etsu buriema n tza saveC¢aç yza Tutieya savC¢tera . k*buK<lEdlminmansIlenaHman 2 y¨ag

KW eRJHminsmaTan ßTmøaysIlEdlsmaTanehIy .

kñúg 2 y¨agenaH xedImminmaneTasdUcxTI2 Edlman

eTasxøaMgCag . edIm|InwgsEmþgesckþIminmansIl Edl

maneTastamEdlR:zñaCaehtu edayeTsnaCabuK<la-

Zidðan eTIbRtas´za sIlvibenña dUecñH . edayehtuenaH

RBHGg<eTIbRTg´sEmþgGtæénbTza ²TusSIela³ dUecñH .

2>7 karsmaTansIlrbs;RKhsß 2 RbePT 1-ÉkCÄsmaTan smaTanrYmKña

2-bec©ksmaTan smaTancMeBaH

sik¡abTmYy> .


ó:sk ‘nigó:sika’ smaTanrYmKñakþI cMeBaH

sik¡abTmYy>kþI edayxøÜnÉg ßkñúgsMNak´énbuK<ldéT

k*Casik¡abTEdl:nsmaTanehIy .

sYrza k*‘karsmaTanrYmKña nigkarsmaTancMeBaH

sik¡abTmYy>’ mankarEbøkKñayägdUcemþc /

eqøIyza kalebIó:sk‘ó:sika’ smaTanrYmKña

virtikþI ectnakþI dUcKñaEtmþg EtsPav;énvirti nigectna

TaMgLayenaH man 5 yag RBHmanRBHPaK RTgbJ¦tþi

edayGMNacénkic© . kalebIó:sk ‘ó:sika’

smaTancMeBaHsik¡abTmYy> virtikþI ectnakþI k*‘Eck

ecj’Ca 5 pgEdr .

k*bNþasik¡abTTaMg 5 xagedImenH rbsBYksam-

eNrTaMgLay kalebIsik¡abTmYydacéhIy sik¡abT

sUm|ITaMgGs´ k*Casik¡abTdacéhIyEdr . eRBaHsik¡abT

TaMg 5 enaH taMgenAkñúgfan;én:raCik . sik¡abTenaH

ÉNamYy CavItik,m EdlsameNrTaMgLayenaH elμIs

bBa¦tþiehIy kmμBnÆ rEmgman eRBaHsik¡abTenaHbueNÑaH .


cMENkBYkRKhsæ kalebIsik¡abTmYydacéhIy k*Etg

dacehIyEtsik¡abTmYybueNÑaH eRBaHehtuEdlsIlRbkb

edayGg< 5 rEmgseRmcdlRKhsæTaMgLayenaH:n

mþgeT[t k*edaykarsmaTannUvsik¡abTTaMgenaHnu@HÉg .

sik¡abTenaH ÉNamYy sUm|IEdlBYkRKhsæTaMgLay

enaH :nRbRBwtþknøgehIy kmμBnÆ rEmgman eRBaH

sik¡abTenaHEtbüeNÑaH .

cMENkGacarümYyBYkeT[teBalza ²bNþasik¡abT

TaMgLay EdlBYkRKhsæTaMgenaH :nsmaTanehIy

epSg> Kña kalebIsik¡abTmYydacéhIy k*rEmgdac

ehIy Etsik¡abTmYybueNÑaH . büEnþkalebIBYkRKhsæ

TaMgenaH smaTanrYmCamYyKña yägdUecñHza ²bJ©g<-smnñaKtM sIlM smaTiyami ; x\úMsUmsmaTannUv

sIlEdlRbkbedayGg< 5³ dUecñH kalebIsik¡abTmYy

dacéhIy sik¡abTsUm|ITaMgGs´ k*rEmgdacéhIyEdr .

eRBaHehtuGVI / eRBaHkarsmaTan minEjkecjBIKña³ .


k*Baküza ber nu@H RBHGdðkzacarü eBalsMedAyk

GacarüGñksEmþgKm¬IrTIXnikay . BitdUecñaH kñúgGdðkza

kUdTnþsURt RBHGdðkzacarü eBalehIyza ²GñkNa

TTYlsik¡abTTaMg 5 rYmCamYyKña kalebIsik¡abTmYy

rbs´´GñkenaH EbkZøayehIy sik¡abTsUm|ITaMgGs´ k*

rEmgEbkZøayehIyEdrç GñkNaTTYlykcMeBaHGg<mYy>

GñkenaH rEmgRbRBwtþknøgnUvsik¡abTNamYy sik¡abT

enaHEtb¨ueNÑaH rEmgEbkZøay .

dIkaénkUdTnþsURtenaHza ²sik¡abTsUm|ITaMgGs´

eQμaHza rEmgEbkZøayehIy eRBaHPav;énsik¡abTEdl

:nsmaTanrYmCamYyKña . sik¡abTenaHbueNÑaH eQ μaHza

rEmgEbkZøay eRBaHPav;énsik¡abTEdl:nsmaTan

epSgKña . k*BiZInu@H elak:neBalehIyedayGMNac

RKhsæ . ‘cakmg<ltæTIbnI 3 ¼ 222-224’


karsmaTansIl 5 CaÉkCÄsmaTan karsmaTansik¡abT 5 rYmKña dUecñH ?

GñksmaTaneJlza ²bJ©g<smnñaKtM sIlM smaTiyami ; x\úMsUmsmaTannUvsIlEdlRbkbeday

Gg< 5³ ßza ²bJ©sik¡abTM smaTiyami ; x\MúRBH

kruNasUmsmaTansik¡abTTaMg 5ç ‘man:Nati:tvirti

CaedIm rhUtdl´suraemrymC¢b|maTdðanvirti CaTIbMput’ .

karsmaTansIlCaÉkCÄsmaTan EdleJlmk

enH ebIRbRBwtþknøgsik¡abTNamYy k*CakardacTaMgGs´

RBmKñapgç RtÚvsmaTanzμITaMgGs´ . cMENkGñk sma-

Tansik¡abTedaycMeBaHsik¡abTmYy> enaH ebIRbRBwtþknøg

sik¡abTNamYy k*CakardaccMeBaHsik¡abTenaH> büeNÑaH

sik¡abTdéT> taMgenARbRktImindacéT RKanÉtsmaTanzμI

cMeBaHsik¡abTEdldac´büeNÑaH .

karsmaTanóe:szsIl k*mann&ydUcKña .


karsmaTansIl 5 Cabec©ksmaTan smaTansik¡abT 5 edaycMeJHsik¡abTmYy> za ?

1-:Nati:ta evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami

2-GTinñaTana evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami

3-kaemsumicäacara evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami

4-musavaTa evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami

5-suraemrymC¢b|maTdðana evrmNI sik¡abTM

smaTiyami dUecñH .

sIl 5 Canic©sIlrbs´XravasTaMgLay

dUecñHsUm|IGñkEdlsmaTankIþ min:nsmaTankIþ RtÚvrkSa

CaRbRktI edIm|IxøÜnpÞal´CaGñkmansIl ebIzanwgmanGñk

Gagza x\Múm©as´minsmaTan dUecñaH minrkSa k*minman

eTas kñúgBaküniyaydUecñaH RtwmEtCakarsEmþgoGñk

déTdwgza xøÜnmincUlcitþsIl 5 za Canic©sIlrbs´

XravasTaMgLayb¨ueNÑaH EtGñkenaH min:nCabuK<l

putBIPaBCaGñkRTúsþsIleT . sRmab´GñkmankarsmaTan

sIl 5 ehIyrkSaenaH :nRbeyaCn¾eRcIneLIgteTAeT[t


eJlKW eRkAGMBI:nCaGñkmanbJ©sIlkuslehIy enA

mansmaTankuslekIteLIgeT[t edayehtuenH BuTÆma-

mkCnTaMgLay mankarniymsmaTansIl 5 er]y>

rhUtmk TaMgR:kdenAkñúgeBl«LÚvenH .

karsmaTan]e)asfsIlCaÉkCÄsmaTan ebIsmaTansik¡abT 8 rYmKña k*oeJldUecñHza

²óe:szsIlM smaTiyami³ ßsmaTanza

²Gdðg<sIlM smaTiyami³ ERbza ²x\MúRBHkruNa sUm

smaTanóe:szsIlmanGg< 8 Rbkar³ dUecñH .

karsmaTan]e)asfsIlCabec©ksmaTan smaTansik¡abT 8 edaycMeBaHsik¡abTmYy> za

1-:Nati:ta evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami .l.

6Ç vikalePaCna evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami

7Ç nc©KitvaTitvisUkTsSn-malaKnÆvielbnZarN-

mNÐnviPUsndðana evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami


8Ç óc©asynmhasyna evrmNI sik¡abTM

smaTiyami dUecñH .

esckþ IxusEbøkKñaénkarsmaTan sYrza esckþIxusEbøkGMBIKñanwgkña ‘énkarmaTanCa

ÉkCÄsmaTan nigbec©ksmaTan’ manyägdUcemþc /

eqøIyza ebIbuK<lsmaTanCaÉkCÄsmaTan virti

k*dUcKñaEtmYybüeNÑaHç ectna k*manmYydYgdUcKñaEdr .

büEnþ virtinigectnaTaMg 2 enaH eZVIkic©énvirtinigectna

RKbÉbbyäg eRBaHehtuenaH sik¡abTTaMgGsćat´Tukza

KWbuK<lGñkrkSaóe:sz :nsmaTanehIyedayBit .

edaykarsmaTanrYmKñaenaHÉg .

müägeT[t ebIbuK<lsmaTanCabec©ksmaTan virti

nigectnaEdlepSg>Kña rEmgekIteLIgtamnaTIrbs´xøÜn

edayGMNacénkic© .

sBVsmaTaen bn vcIePeTa kateBVaeyv ; k*kñúgkarsmaTanRKbýäg Kb|IeZVIkarbeJ©jvaca eday


Bit . ‘cakmg<ltæTIbnI 3ç 165-167’

2>8 )adihariybkç]e)asf kñúgZm μiksURt RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´Rtasza ?

eRBaHehtuenaH GñkcUrmancitþRCHzøa rkSaóe:sz

EdlRbkbedayGg<R:MbI omansPaBeBjeljlÁ

Gs´ézáTI 14 TI 15 nigézáTI 8 énbk¡pg Gs

:díhariybkápg .

kñúgGdðkza brmtæeCatika Bnül´za ?

Kb|IRbkbnwgbTdéT yagenHza bk¡sSúbvsSú-e:szM esckþIza Kb|IcaMrkSaóe:szRKb´ 3 ézáTaMgenH

KWrhUtGs´ézáTI 14 TI 15 nigézáTI 8 énbk¡ Kb|IcaM

rkSaóe:szRbkbedayGg< 8 enHÉg . k*kñúgbTza

:díhariybk¡Ba© ‘Gs:dihariybk¡pg’ enH R:MExTaMg

enHKW ‘GasaL`’ Ex 8 edIm CitézácUlvsSa bIExkñúgvsSa

nigExktþik ‘Ex 12’ elakehAza :dihariybk¡ .


GacarüBYkdéT eBalza :dihariybk¡ manbIExbüeNÑaHKW

ExGasaF Exktþik Expl<ún ‘Ex 8 Ex 12 nigEx 4’ .

GacarümYyBYkeT[t eBalza man 4 ézáKW ézáTI 13 ézáTI 1

‘ézá:dibT’ ézáTI 7 nigézáTI 9 kñúgRKb´> bk¡ edayézámun

nigézáeRkay rbs´ézáóe:szénbk¡ .

yM ruc©ti tM KehtBVM ; GñksikSaKabćitþ

yagNa k*Kb|IkanýkyagenaH .

sBVM va bn buBa¦kamInM PasitBVM ; k*buK<l

Gñk®:zñabuNüTaMgLay Kb|IeZVIo:nRKbýag .

Kb|IcgcitþTukza GñkmancitþRCHzøa :dihariybk¡

enH edayRbkardUecñH minev[rsUm|IEtmYyézá cUldlGg< 8

eZVIoeBjeljedaylÁ bribUrN¾edaylÁ Kb|IcaMrkSa

óe:szEdlRbkbedayGg< 8 .

kñúgGdðkza menarzbUrNI Bnül´za ?

kñúgbTza :dihariybk¡Ba© enH Kb|IRCabvinicä&y

dUcteTAenH óe:szEdlrkSaCab´tKña rhUtdlGs

éRtmasxagkñúgvsSa eQμaHza :dihariybk¡óe:sz .


kalminGac ‘rkSa’óe:szrhUtdl´GséRtmasenaH:n

óe:szEdlrkSaRbcaMrhUtdlGs´ExmYy kñúgcenøaHézá

bvarNaTaMg 2 xøHç kalminGac ‘rkSa’óe:szRbcaM

rhUtdl´GsExmYyenaH:n ‘óe:sz’knøHExmYy taMgBI

ézábvarNadMbUgxøHç k*eQ μaHza :dihariybk¡óe:sz

dUcKña .

2>9 sIlviessrbs;XravasTaMgLay karrkSasIlrbs´´XravasenaH eRkAGMBIsIl 5 sIl

8 ehIy enAmansIldéT> eT[t EdlnwgrkSa:ndUcCa ?

1-GaCIvdðmksIl :ndl´ ev[rcakkayTuc©rit 3

vcITuc©rit 4 nig micäaCIva evrmNI CaKMrb´ 8 .

2-nvg<úe:szsIl :ndl´ óe:szsIlenaHÉg

EtbEnæm ²yzaBlM emtþashKetn ectsa sBVavnþM

elakM pritVa vihrami ; x\úMRBHkruNa sUmpSayeTAkan´

elakTaMgBYg edaycitþEdlRbkbedayemtþa tamsmKYr

dl´kmøaMg ehIyenARKb´«riyabzTaMg 4 .


3-Tsg<sIl :ndl´ sik¡abT 10 Rbkar Edl

sameNrrkSaenaHÉg .

2>10 eQ μaHénGaCIvdæmksIl nigkarepSgKña rbs;GñkrkSabBa©sIlnigGaCIvdæmksIl

GaCIvdðmksIlenH kñúgvisuTÆimK< elakehAza

GaTiRBh μcriysIl sIlEdlCaxagedImrbs´´mK<RBh μ-

criy sMedAesckIþza GaCIvdðmksIlenH Ca:TEdlnwg

o:nseRmcmK<pl .

mYyeT[t XravasTaMgLaynwgsmaTanGaCIvdð-

mksIl ßminsmaTank*eday ebIRbRBwtþknøgsik¡abT

NamYyehIy k*rEmgmaneTas dUcKñanwgkarRbRBwtþi

knøgbJ©sIl . kñúgsIl 2 y¨agenaH ebIGñkNarkSa

bJ©sIlenACanic© GñkenaHk*:neQ μaHza Casb|úrs

Zm μta ebIrkSaGaCIvdðmksIlenACanic© GñkenaHk*:n

eQ μaHza Casb|úrsd*viess .


2>11 karEcksIledaynic©sIlnigGnic©sIl nic©sIl sMedAesckIþza sIlNakalBiZIkm μenaH

seRmcehIy k*dl´RBmedaysIlenaHeTApg eday

minRtÚvmankarsmaTaneT[t nigGñkenaH k*RtÚvrkSasIl

enaHCanic© taMgGMBIeBlenaHCaedImeTA ebIminrkSa rEmg

maneTas sIlenaHeQ μaHza nic©sIl .

Gnic©sIl sMedAesckIþza sIlNa minrkSa

k*minmaneTas RbsinebImanesckIþR:zñanwgrkSa k*RtÚv

mankarsmaTansIlenaH dUecñH sIlenaH eQ μaHza

Gnic©sIl .

nic©sIl KW sik¡abTviPg<sRmab´Pik¡ú 220 sik¡abT

nigxnÆkvtþ nigsik¡abT 304 rbs´Pik¡nI EdlRBHman

RBHPaK RTg´sEmþgTukkñúgPik¡ú:tiemak¡ nigPik¡únI:ti-

emak¡enaH Canic©sIlrbs´Pik¡ú Pik¡únI . Tsg<sIl

esxiyvtþ sik¡abTTaMgLayÉeT[tEdlCaelakvC¢; man

suk,visSdðisik¡abTCaedIm TaMgenaH Canic©sIl rbs´

sameNr . sIl 5 enaH Canic©sIl rbs´RKhsæ


TaMgLay .

Gnic©sIl KWkarRbRBwtþiZutg< kñúgZutg< 13 sRmab´

Pik¡úç Zutg< 8 sRmab´Pik¡únIç Zutg< 12 sRmab´sameNrç

Zutg< 7 sRmab´sik¡mana nigsameNrIenH CaGnic©sIl

rbs´Pik¡ú Pik¡únI sameNr sik¡mana nigsameNrI .

óe:szsIl nvg<úe:szsIl Tsg<sIl nig

RbRBwtþZutg<y¨agNamYy bNþaZutg< 2 y¨agKW

Ékasnikg<Zutg< btþbiNÐikg<Zutg< TaMgenH CaGnic©sIl

rbs´XravasTaMgLay .

2>12 karEcksIledaycaritþsIlnigvaritþsIl caritþsIl sMedAesckIþza minRbRBwtþk*minman

eTas ebIRbRBwtþ:n k*lÁ manRbeyaCn¾eRcIn :ndl´

Gnic©sIl dUcEdl:neJlehIyenaHÉg .

varitþsIl sMedAesckIþza sIlenaH RtÚvmankar

RbRBwtþiCaRbcaM ebIminRbRBwtþ rEmgmaneTas :ndl´

nic©sIlenaHÉg .


2>13 viFIsmaTanRBmTaMgBuT§RbNam éRtsrNKmn_nigsikçabT

viZIsmaTanbJ©sIl nigóe:szsIlenaH rEmgCa

karyl´cUlcitþ dwglÁTYeTAehIy dUecñaH nwgminnaMmk

eJlTIenHeT[teT . sRmab´viZIsmaTan GaCIvdðmksIl

nvg<úe:szsIl nig Tsg<sIlenaH mansEmþgdUecñH ?

2>14 viFIsmaTanGaCIvdæmksIl GñksmaTansIl eJlsmaTanza ?

ókas ¼ GhM ¼ myM ¼ Penþ tisreNn sh

GaCIvdðmksIlM Zm μ M ¼ yacami ¼ yacam ¼ GnuK<hM ktVa

sIlM eTz ¼ em ¼ ena ¼ Penþ °

Tutiym|i .l. ttiym|i .l.

sUmeKarB bBiRtRBHkruNad*ceRmIn x\úMRBHkruNa ¼

x\úMRBHkruNaTaMgLay ¼ sUmnUvZm( KW GaCIvdðmksIl

mYyGenøIedayRBHéRtsrNKmn¾ bBiRtRBHkruNad*ceRmIn


sUmRBHkruNa emtþaeZIVnUvesckIþGnueRKaH onUvsIldl´´

x\úMRBHkruNa ¼ x\úMRBHkruNaTaMgLay °

.l. CaKRmb´BIrdgpgç .l. CaKRmb´bIdgpg .

Gñk[sIleBalnaMmun GñksmaTaneBaltamfa nema tsS .l. ‘eJl3cb´’

BuTÆM srNM Kcäami .l.

Tutiym|i BuTÆM srNM Kcäami .l.

ttiym|i BuTÆM srNM Kcäami .l.

sikçabT



3-kaemsumicäacara evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami


5-bisuNavaca evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami

x\úMRBHkruNa sUmsmaTannUvsik¡abT KWectna

Caehtuev[rcakkiriyaeBalBaküjúHjg´


6-prusvaca evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami


Caehtuev[rcakkiriyaeBalBaküGaRkk´

7-smöb|la: evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami


Caehtuev[rcakkiriyaeBalBakü«tRbeyaCn¾

8-micäaCIva evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami


Caehtuev[rcakkiriyaciJ©wmCIvitxus .

cab´BI nema tsS .l. rhUtmkdl´sik¡abTTI 8

GñkosIlsURtnaMmunÇ GñksmaTansIleJltameTA .

GñkosIlsURtza ²tisreNn sh GaCIvdðmk-

sIlM saZukM ktVa Gb|maeTn sm|aeThi ¼ sm|aeTz

ERbza ; Gñk ¼ GñkTaMgLay Kb|IeZIVnUvsIl manGaCIv;

CaKRmb´ 8 RBmTaMgRBHéRtsrNKmn¾oRbéB RtÚvrkSao

lÁ edayesckIþminRbmaT KWzakuMbIeZVsRbEhseLIy .

GñksmaTansIlTTYlza Gam Penþ Ç


GñkosIlsEmþgGanisgSsIlza ?

sIeln suKtw ynþi sIeln ePaKsm|Ta sIeln niBVútw ynþi ts μa sIlM viesaZey .

GñkTTYlsIleBalza saZu saZu saZu .

2>15 viFIsmaTannvgÁúe)asfsIl GñksmaTansIl eJlsmaTanza ?

ókas ¼ GhM ¼ myM ¼ Penþ tisreNn sh nvg<smnñaKtM óe:szsIlM Zm μ M yacami ¼

yacam ¼ GnuK<hM ktVa sIlM eTz ¼ em ¼ ena ¼ Penþ . Tutiym|i .l. ttiym|i .l.

sUmeKarB bBiRtRBHkruNad*ceRmIn x\úMRBHkruNa ¼

x\úMRBHkruNaTaMgLay ¼ sUmnUvZm( KW óe:szsIl

EdlRbkbedayGg< 9 mYyGenøIedayRBHéRtsrNKmn¾

sUmRBHkruNa emtþaeZIVnUvesckIþGnueRKaHdl´´x\ú MRBHkruNa


¼ x\úMRBHkruNaTaMgLay °

.l. CaKRmb´BIrdgpgç .l. CaKRmb´bIdgpg .

Gñk[sIleBalnaMmun GñksmaTaneBaltamfa nema tsS .l. ‘eJl 3 cb´’




sikçabT 1-:Nati:ta evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami


3-GRBh μcriya evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami



smaTiyami

6-vikalePaCna evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami

7-nc©KItvaTitvisUkTsSnmalaKnÆvielbnZarN-


mNÐnviPUsndðana evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami

8-óc©asynmhasyna evrmNI sik¡abTM

smaTiyami

9-yzaBlM emtþa shKetn ectsa sBVavnþM

elakM pritVa vihrami x\úMRBHkruNa sUmpSayeTAkan´elak

TaMgBYg edaycitþEdlRbkbedayemtþa tamsmKYrdl´

kmøaMg ehIyenARKb´«riyabzTaMg 4 ç

ßza emtþashKetn ectsa sBV:NPUetsu pritVa

vihrNM smaTiyami x\úMRBHkruNa sUmpSayeTAcMeBaHBYk

stVnigBYkPUtTaMgLay edaycitþEdlRbkbedaykarrab´

Gan smaTanRKb´«riyabzTaMg 4 ç

‘cab´BI nema tsS .l. rhUtmkdl´sik¡abTTI

9 GñkosIlsUZünaMmunÇ GñksmaTansIleJltam .

GñkosIlsUZüza tisreNn sh nvg<smnñaKtM

óe:szsIlM saZukM ktVa Gb|maeTn sm|aeThi ¼ sm|aeTzç Gñk ¼ GñkTaMgLay Kb|IeZIVnUvóe:szsIl

EdlRbkbedayGg< 9 mYyGenøIedayRBHéRtsrNKmn¾


oRbéB edayesckIþminRbmaT KWzakuMbIeZVsRbEhs

eLIy .

GñksmaTansIlTTYlza Gam Penþ .

Gñk[sIleBalBIGanisgSsIlfa sIeln suKtw ynþi sIeln ePaKsm|Ta

sIeln niBVútw ynþi ts μa sIlM viesaZey .

GñksmaTansIlTTYlza saZu saZu saZu .

2>16 viFIsmaTanTsgÁsIl GñksmaTansIleJlza ?

ókas ¼ GhM ¼ myM ¼ Penþ tisreNn sh

TsKhdðsIlM Zm μ M ¼ yacami ¼ yacam ¼ GnuK<hM ktVa

sIlM eTz ¼ em ¼ ena ¼ Penþ °

Tutiym|i .l. ttiym|i .l.

sUmeKarB bBiRtRBHkruNad*ceRmIn x\úMRBHkruNa ¼ x\úMRBHkruNaTaMgLay ¼ sUmnUvZm( KWTsKhdðsIl


mYyGenøIedayRBHéRtsrNKmn¾ sUmRBHkruNa emtþa

eZIVnUvesckIþGnueRKaH dl´´x\úMRBHkruNa ¼ x\úMRBHkruNa

TaMgLay ° .l. CaKRmb´BIrdgpgç .l. CaKRmb´

bIdgpg .

Gñk[sIleBalna Mm un GñksmaTaneBaltamfa nema tsS .l. ‘eJl3cb´’




sik çabT



3-GRBh μcriya evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami



smaTiyami


6-vikalePaCna evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami

7-nc©KItvaTitvisUkTsSna evrmNI sik¡abTM

smaTiyami

8-malaKnÆvielbnZarNmNÐnviPUsndðana

evrmNI sik¡abTM smaTiyami

9-óc©asynmhasyna evrmNI sik¡abTM

smaTiyami

10-CatrUbrCtb|diK<hNa evrmNI sik¡abTM

smaTiyami x\úMRBHkruNa sUmsmaTannUvsik¡abT KW

ectnaCaehtuev[rcak kiriyaTTYlkanýknUvmas nig

R:kédayxøÜnÉg ß eRbIGñkdéToTTYlkanýk ß

eRtkGrcMeBaHmas nigR:kénaH .

bJ¢ak´ cab´BI nema tsS .l. rhUtmkdl´

sik¡abTTI 10 GñkosIlsUZünaMmunÇ GñksmaTansIl

eJltam .

GñkosIlsURtza ²tisreNn sh TsKhdðsIlM

saZukM ktVa Gb|maeTn sm|aeThi ¼ sm|aeTzç³ Gñk ¼


GñkTaMgLay Kb|IeZIVnUvTsKhdðsIlEdlRbkbeday

Gg< 10 mYyGenøIedayRBHéRtsrNKmn¾oRbéB eday

esckIþminRbmaT KW zakuMbIeZVsRbEhseLIy .

GñkTTYlsIleBalza Gam Penþ .

Gñk[sIleBalBIGan isgSsIlfa sIeln suKtw ynþi sIeln ePaKsm|Ta sIeln niBVútw ynþi ts μa sIlM viesaZey .

GñkTTYlsIlza saZu saZu saZu §

kMNt´sm<al´ GñkosIleJlza ²ymhM vTami tM veThi ¼ veTz³ eRkayGMBIJküGaraZnaç Gñk

TTYlsmaTansIl eJlRBmKñaza ²Gam Penþ³° nigGñk

osIleJlza ²tisrNK<mnM bribuNÑM ß tisrN-K<hNM bribuNÑM³ eRkayBIGñkTTYléRtsrNKmn¾cb´

ehIyç GñkTTYlsIlTaMgLay eJlRBmKñaza ²Gam Penþ³ dUecñH .


JküeJlTaMgenH CaJküeJlEdlburaNacarü

TaMgLay niymeRbI nigTTYlmt(kCab´tmkrhUtdl´

«LÚvenH dUecñaH eTIbminKYrnwgecalrbs´´EdllÁTaMgenH

osabsUnüeTAeLIy .

2>17 PsþútagEdlTTYl)an eRkayBIrkSasIl 1-nic©sIlvesn bJ©sik¡abTaniç sti va

ósSaeh Tsç óe:szg<vesn Gdðati «TM KhdðsIlM . sik¡abTTaMg 5 eJledaynic©sIlkIþ

sik¡abTTaMg 10 kalmanesckþIBüayamkIþç sik¡abTTaMg

8 kaleJledayGg<énóe:szsIlkIþç sIl 5 sIl

8 sIl 10 dUceJlmkehIyenHeQ μaHza RKhsæsIl

‘mkkñúgvisuTÆimK<Gdðkza’ .

2-Tsati sameNerhi rk¡itBVsIlmah . Jküza ²TssIl³ enaH eJlKWsIl 10 Edlsam-

eNrTaMgLayrkSaenaHÉg ‘mkkñúgvisuTÆimK<mhadIka’ .


3-sik¡ati ó:skó:sikahi sik¡itBV-sik¡aç sabi bBa©sIlTssIlvesn vdþti . Jküza ²sik¡a³ KWRbRBwtþenaH :ndl´ sik¡abTEdl

ó:sk ó:sikaTaMgLay Kb|IRbRBwtþenaHÉg sik¡abT

Edló:sk ó:sikaTaMgLay Kb|IRbRBwtþenaHKW sIl

5 sIl 10 k*minCMTas´ ‘mkkñúgsem μahvienaTnI-

Gdðkza’ .

4-sIlvenþati ó:sketþ btidðay bJ©hi Tshi sIelhi smnñaKeta . GñkEdltaMgenAkñúg

PaBCaó:sk ó:sika nwgbribUrN¾edaysIl 5 sIl

10 enH eTIb:neQ μaHza ²sIlvenþa³ KWGñkmansIl

‘mkkñúgsKazvK<sMyutþGdðkza’ .

5-Kihienabi bJ©sIlM TssIlM bc©evk¡-nþsS ; RKhsæGñkEdlBicarNasIl 5 ßsIl 10

EdlxøÜn:nrkSa ‘mkkñúgsem μahvienaTnIGdðkza’ .


6-srNKmen kiJ©i nievesti tzaKetaç kiJ©i bJ©su sIelsuç sIel TsvieZ brM . RBHtzaKtRTg´ENnaMTayk TayikaTaMgBYg ‘BYkxøH’ o

taMgenAkñúgéRtsrNKmn¾ç BYkxøHk*otaMgenAkñúgsIl 5ç

BYkxøHk*otaMgenAkñúgsIl 10 dUecñH ‘mkkñúgBuTÆvgS-

Gdðkza’ .

2>18 lkçNCaedImrbs;sIlkusl 1-btidðabnlk¡NM CaTItaMgénkuslZm(

TaMgBYgCalk¡N;

2-TusSIlüviTÆMsnrsM mankarkMcat´bg´nUvPaB

énbuK<lRTúsþsIlCakic©

3-esaecyübc©úb|dðanM manesckIþbrisuTÆi

énkay nigvacaCaGakarR:kd

4-hiriOtþb|bTdðanM manhiri nig Otþb|;

CaehtuCitoekIteLIg .


2>19 bdiekçbFm’CaedImrbs;sIlkusl 1-bdiek¡bZmμ Zm(EdlRtÚvlHbgéday

sIlkusl :ndl´ eTasEdlTak´Tgeday

karRbTUsräy

2-GnuJ¦atZmμ Zm(Edl:nGnuJ¦at GMBI

sIlkusl oekIteLIgenaH :ndl´ GeTas;

KWesckIþminRbTUsräy

3-ób|aeTtBVZmμ Zm(EdlsIlkusleZIVo

ekIteLIg :ndl´ mK<xageRkam 3 plxag

eRkam 3 ‘sMedAdl´GMNacrbs´sIlkuslEdlCa

óbtæmÖkstþi’ smdUcRBHmhaBuTÆeXasacarü sEmþgTuk

kñúgxnÆk;vK<sMyutþGdðkzaza ²TansIlubnisSya hi teya meK< c plani c :ebnþiç Pavnub-nisSeya GrhtþM :ebti³ ²mhakuslEdlmanTan

sIl CaóbnisS&yo:nmK<xageRkam 3 plxageRkam


3ç mhakuslEdlmanPavnaCaóbnisS&y rEmg:n

GrhtþmK< Grhtþpl³ .

2>20 GanisgS]e)asfsIl ‘sutþnþbidk Gg<útþrnikay elx48 TMB&r195’

PKva ÉtTevac Gdðg<smnñaKeta Pik¡ev óe:seza óbvuetæa mhböela ehati mhanisMesa mhaCutieka mhavi:era . RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´Rtas´

dUecñHza mñalPik¡úTaMgLay óe:szRbkbedayGg< 8

Rbkar EdlbuK<lcaMrkSaehIy rEmgmanpleRcIn man

GanisgSeRcIn manesckIþruger]geRcIn manesckIþpSay

eTAeRcIn .l.

cenÞa c sUera c óePa suTsSna OPa-synþa Gnuynþi yavta temanuTa et bn Gnþlik¡Ka neP bPasnþi Tisa vieracNa ÉtmØi yM viC¢ti Gnþer ZnM mutþa mNI evLúriyJ© PTÞkM sig<I suvNÑM Gzvabi kaJ©nM yM CatrUbM hdknþi

ö


vuc©ti Gdðg<úebtsS óe:szsS klm|i et nanu-Pvniþ esaLsw cnÞb|Pa tarKNav seBV tsμa hi narI c nera c sIlva Gdðg<úebtM óbvsSú-e:szM buJ¦ani ktVan suxuRTyani GninÞita sK<muebnþi fannþi .

sPav;TaMgLay 2 KW RBHc®nÞ 1 RBHGaTitü 1 Ca

sPav;lÁemIl kalbMPøWelak rEmgcreTAGs´TIRtwmNa

RBHc®nÞnigRBHGaTitüTaMgenH EdlkMcat´bgńUvggwt creTA

kñúgGakas júaMgTisoruger]gPøWc|as´ kñúgGakasGs´TI

RtwmenaH RTBüNa mankñúgcenøaHenH KW EkvmukþakIþ

EkvmNIkIþ EkvBiTUrüd*lÁkIþ maseQ μaHsig<IkIþ eQ μaH

suvNÑ;kIþ ßmaseQ μaHkaJ©nkIþ eQ μaHCatrUbkIþ eQ μaH

hdkkIþ RTBüTaMgGm|alenaH mindlńUvcMNitmYy kñúg

cMENk 16 > elIkénóe:szEdlRbkbedayGg< 8

RbkareLIy dUcCaBYkp,ayTaMgGs´ mindlńUvBnøWén

RBHc®nÞ ehtudUecñaH ®sþIkIþ burskIþ CaGñkmansIl


KYrcaMrkSanUvóe:szRbkbedayGg< 8 Rbkar BYkCn

EdlminmaneKninÞa bMeBjnUvbuNüTaMgLay Edlman

esckIþsuxCakéRm rEmgcUleTAkan´fansYK(:n .

2>21 GanisgSsIl enAkñúgvinybidkmhavK< TutiyPaK 7 TMB&r 305

RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´Rtas´GanisgS 5 Rbkar énbuK<l

mansIl ß bribUrN¾edaysIl .

1-«Z Khbtieya sIlva sIlsm|enña Gb|maTaZikrNM mhnþM ePaKk¡nÆM GZiKcäti ; mñalKhbtITaMgLay buK<lmansIl ßbribUrN¾edaysIl

kñúgelakenH Etg:nnUvKMnrénsm|tþid*eRcIn ehtumkBI

esckIþminRbmaT .

2-sIlveta sIlsm|nñsS klüaeNa kitþiseTÞa GBÖúK<cäti ; buK<lmansIl ßbribUrN¾

edaysIlehIy Etgmankitþis&BÞd*BIeraH»x©rx©ayeTA .


3-sIlva sIlsm|enña yJ¦eTv brisM óbsg,mti yTi xtiþybrisM yTi RBah μNbrisM yTi KhbtibrisM yTi smNbrisM visareTa óbsg,mti Gmg,úPUeta ; buK<lmansIl ßbribUrN¾

edaysIlehIy ‘ebI’ cUleTAkan´bris&TNa eTaHbICa

xtþiybris&TkIþ CaRBah μNbris&TkIþ CaKhbtibris&TkIþ Ca

smNbris&TkIþ k*ekø{vkøa minOnmuxcuH KWzaminRkGwm

RkeG[n ehIyedIrcUleTA .

4-sIlva sIlsm|enña Gsm μÚeL`a kalM kerati ; buK<lmansIl ßbribUrN¾edaysIlehIy luH

evlaeT[bsøab´ k*minvegVgs μartIeLIy

5-sIlva sIlsm|enña kaysS ePTa brmμrNa suKtw sK<M elakM óbbC¢ti ; buK<l

mansIl ßbribUrN¾edaysIlehIy luHrMlagxnÆbnÞab´GMBI

mrN; rEmgeTAkan´mnusSelak ßeTvelak .


«em exa Khbteya bJ© GanisMsa sIlveta sIlsm|Tay ; mñalKhbtITaMgLay

GanisgSTaMg 5 RbkarenHÉg CaGanisgSénbuK<lmansIl

ßbribUrN¾edaysIl .

minRtwmEtbüeNÑaHeLIy buK<lEdlmansIl rEmg

:nCaTIRsLajéBjcitþ nigCaTIeKarB sresIrén

sRBh μcarIpgKñaCaedIm drabeTATl´Rtwm:ndlńUvRBH

niBVan EdlCaeRK}gkS&yénGasv;CaTIbMput smdUcman

KazaCaeRcInbT EdlmansEmþgenAkñúgKm¬IrvisuTÆimK<za ?

sasen kulbutþanM btidða ntæi yM vina GanisMsbriecäTM tsS sIlsS eka veT . TIBwgénkulbuRtTaMgLaykñúgsasna minmaneRJHev[r

nUvsIlNa nrNa Kb|IeJlnUvkarkMNt´GanisgSén

sIlenaH:n .

n Kg<a ymuna vabi srPU va srsStI ninñKa vacirvtI mhI vabi mhanTI


sk,úNnþi viesaeZtMu tM mlM «Z :NinM viesaZyti stþanM yM ev sIlClM mlM. sÞwgKg<akIþ ymunakIþ srPUkIþ srsStikIþ GcirvtIkIþ

mhIkIþ suTÆEtCasÞwgyägZM > k*minGacedIm|InwgCRmHnUv

mnÞilrbs´´stVTaMgLay kñúgelakenH:neLIy man

EtTwk eJlKWsIlenHÉgehIy eTIbGacCRmHnUvmnÞil

rbs´´stVTaMgLay:n .

n tM sClTa vata n cabi hricnÞnM env hara n mNeya n cnÞkirNg,úra smynþIZ stþanM briLahM surk¡itM yM semtITM GriyM sIlM Gc©nþsItlM . xül´TaMgLay EdlRbkbedayTwkkIþ xwømcnÞn¾RkhmkIþ

EkvmukþaharTaMgLaykIþ EkvmNITaMgLaykIþ rs μ IénRBH

c®nÞd*Tn´kIþ minGacnwgrmáabńUvesckIþRkhl´Rkhayrbs´´

stVTaMgLaykñúgelakenH:neLIy manEtsIld*RbesIr

EdlbuK<lrkSaehIyedayRbéB CaKuNCatiRtCakýäg


éRkElgenH eTIbGacedIm|Irmáab´:n .

sIlKnÆsema KenÆa kueta nam PvisSti eya smM Gnuvaet c bdivaet c vayti .

kiønÉNapSayeTAes μ I kñúgTIbeNþayxül´ nigRcas

xül´ kiønenaHes μ IedaykiønKWsIlnwgmanmkGMBINa .

sK<aerahNesa:NM GJ¦M sIlsmM kueta TVarM va bn niBVan- nKrsS bevsen . Zm μCatidéTEdlCaCeNþIr sRmab´eLIgeTAkan´sæan-

sYK( ßzaTVarsRmab´júaMgCnocUleTAkan´nKr KWniBVan

oes μ IedaysIl nwgmanmkGMBINa .

esaPenþvM n raCaena mutþamNiviPUsita yza esaPnþi ytiena sIlPUsnPUsita . RBHraCaTaMgLay EdlsiÁtsÁagedayEkvmukþa nig

EkvmNI k*TukzaCasmlÁEmnehIy EtminsmlÁ

dUcRBHeyaKITaMgLay EdlsÁitsÁagehIy eday

eRK}gsmÁag eJlKWsIlenaHeLIy .


GtþanuvaTaTiPyM viTÆMsyti sBVesa Centi kitiþw hasBa© sIlM sIlvtM sTa . sIlénbuK<lGñkmansIlTaMgLay rEmgkMcatńUv

P&yTaMgBYg manGtþanuvaTP&yCaedIm edaysBVRKb´

EtgjúaMgkitþis&BÞnigesckIþrIkrayoekItsBVkal .

KuNanM mUlPUtsS eTasanM BlXatiena «ti sIlsS vieJ¦yüM GanisMskzamuxM . RbZanénJküeJl nUvGanisgSrbs´´sIlEdlCa

mUlénKuNTaMgLay CaeRK}gsmøabńUvkmøaMgén

eTasTaMgLay bNÐitKb|IRCabtamn&yEdl:n

eJlmkenHcuH .l.

Gc©nþsnþa bn ya GyM niBVansm|Ta sm|nñsIlsS mena temv GnuZavti .

niBVansm|tþienaHhñwgÉg EdlmanesckIþsáb´ kñúgTI

bMputéRkeBk citþrbs´´buK<lmansIlbribUN(ehIy

EtgsÞúHeTAkanńiBVansm|tþienaHÉg .


kñúgsartæTIbnIdIka mansEmþgBIsIlkza za ?

sIlkza nam sIlM naemtM GvsSeya btidða Garm μNM taNM elNM Kti brayNM . sIlM naemtM mm vMesa . EdleQ μaHza sIlkza

:ndl´ JküEdlTak´TgnwgKuNrbs´sIl manCaedIm

y¨agenHza Zm μtazasIlenH CaTIGaRs&y CaTItaMg

CaGarm μN¾ CaTITb´Tl´ CaTIkarJr CapøÚveTA CaTIeTA

xagmuxç eQ μaHza sIlenH CavgSrbs´´tzaKt .

tzaKt :nbMeBjsIlTukkñúgGt þPaB minmanTI

bMput KWkñúgkalEdlCaes þcsg¡:lnaKraC kñúgkalCa

esþcPUriTtþnaKraC kñúgkalEdlCaesþccem|yünaKraC

kñúgkalEdlCaes þcdMrIsIlvraC kñúgkalEdlCaes þcdMrI

matue:skhtæI kñúgkalEdlCaes þcdMrIqTÞn þ .

«Zelakbrelaksm|t þ InJØi sIlsTiesa GvsSeya sIlsTisa btidða Garm μNM taNM elNM Kti braynM ntæiç k*TIGaRs&yR:kdes μ I


edaysIlénsm|t þ ikñúgelakenH nig kñúgelakxagmux

TItaMg Garm μN¾ TITb´Tl´ TIkarJr TIedIreTA TIeTAkñúg

xagmux R:kdes μ IedaysIlminman .

sIlalg,arsTiesa Glg,aera ntæiç Glg,ar

R:kddUcCaeRK}gGlg,ar KWsIlminmanç

sIlbubösTisM buböM ntæi ; p,aeQI R:kd

dUcCap,a KWsIlminmanç

sIlKnÆsTiesa KenÆa ntæi ; køinR:kddUcCa

køin KWsIlminmanç

sIlalg,aern hi Glg,tM sIlkusumbiL-nÆnM sIlKnÆanulitþM seTvekabi elaeka Oela-ekenþa titþw n Kcäti ; k*elakenH RBmTaMg

eTvelak smøwgemIlbuK<lEdlRbdab´edayeRK}gRbdab´

KWsIl manp,aeQIKWsIlCaeRK}glMG EdlkiønKWsIl

labehIy rEmgmindl´karEq Át .


2>22 sIlvet ß rKafa ‘sutþnþbidk xuTÞknikay elx57 TMB&r28-29’

sIlemviZ siek¡z Gs μ w elaek susik¡itM sIlM hi sBVsm|tþw óbnaemti esvitM . buK<lKb|IsikSanUvsIl oCasIlEdlxøÜnsikSa

lÁehIykñúgelakenH eRBaHzasIlEdlbuK<lesB

ehIy rEmgbegÁanmknUvsm|tþiTaMgBYg .

sIlM rek¡yü emZavI btæyaena teya suex bsMsM vitiþlaPJ© ebc© seK< bemaTnM . CnGñkmanR:C\a kalcg´:nnUvesckIþsux 3 y¨ag

KWesckIþsresIr 1 kar:nnUvRTBü 1 kallH

elakenHehIy rIkraykñúgsæansYK( 1 KYrrkSasIl.

sIlva hi BhU mietþ sJ¦emnaZiKcäti TusSIela bn mietþhi ZMset :bmacrM . BitNas´ buK<lGñkmansIl rEmg:nnUvmitþTaMg

LayeRcIn edaykarsRgÜm cMENkbuK<lRTúsþsIl


kalRbRBwtþGaRkk´ rEmgXøatcakmitþTaMgLay .

GvNÑJ© GkitþiJ© TusSIela lPet nera vNÑM kitþw bsMsJ© sTa lPti sIlva . CnRTúsþsIlrEmg:nnUveTaspg nUvdMeNHdMen[lpg

ÉCnGñkmansIl rEmg:nnUvKuNpgnUvkitþis&BÞpg

nUvesckIþsresIrpg sBV> kal .

GaTi sIlM btidða c klüaNanJ© matukM bmuxM sBVZm μanM ts μa sIlM viesaZey . sIlCaxagedIm CaTItaMg CaeménklüaNZm( nigCa

RbZanénZm(TaMgBYg eRJHehtuenaH buK<lKb|ICRmH

sIl .

evla c sMvrM sIlM citþsS GPihasnM titæJ© sBVBuTÆanM ts μa sIlM viesaZey . sIlCaRcaMg CaTMnb´ CaeRK}gjúaMgcitþorIkray TaMg

CakMBg´rbs´´RBHBuTÆRKb´RBHGg< eRJHehtuenaH buK<l

Kb|ICRmHnUvsIl .


sIlM BlM Gb|dimM sIlM GavuZmutþmM sIlM GaPrNM esdðM sIlM kvcmBÖútM . sIlCakmøaMgrkGVIeRb{bpÞwmmin:n sIlCaGavuZd*ótþm

sIlCaeRK}gGaPrN;d*RbesIr sIlCaeRK}geRkaH

yägGs©arü .

sIlM estu mehsek¡a sIlM KenÆa Gnutþera sIlM vielbnM esdðM eyn vati Tiesa TisM. sIl Cas¬anmans&kþiZM sIl CaeRK}gRkGUbd*RbesIr

sIl CaeRK}glabd*RbesIr EtgbkéTAsBV>Tis .

sIlM sm¬lemvK<M sIlM :ezyümutþmM sIlM esedða Gtivaeha eyn vati Tiesa TisM. sIl CakJ©b´:yd*RbesIr sIl Caes|{gd*ótþm

sIl Cavahn;d*RbesIr sRmabéTAkan´TisTaMgBYg .

«eZv ninÞM lPti ebc©a:ey c Tum μena sBVtæ Tum μena Jela sIelsu Gsmahieta.


buK<lJl mancitþGaRkk´kñúgTITaMgBYg mintaMgmaMkñúg

sIlTaMgLay rEmg:nnUvesckIþninÞakñúgelakenHpg

luHlHelakenHeTAehIy rEmgmancitþCaTuk¡kñúg

G:ypg .

«eZv kitwþ lPti ebc© seK< c sumena sBVtæ sumena ZIera sIelsu susmahieta .

GñkR:C\ mancitþlÁ kñúgTITaMgBYg taMgmaMkñúgsIlTaMg

Lay rEmg:nnUvkitþis&BÞkñúgelakenHpg luHlH

elakenHeTA rEmgmancitþrIkraykñúgfansYK(pg .

sIlemv «Z GK<M bJ¦va bn ótþema mnuesSsu c eTevsu sIlbJ¦aNeta Cynþi. sIlCakMBUlkñúgelakenH cMENkbuK<lmanR:C\a

k*ótþmEdr C&yCMnHkñúgmnusSelak nigeTvelak

eRJHsIlnigbJ¦a .

r r 2 s s


2>23 sIlvimMsCatk kñúgRkúgsavtæI manRBah μN¾mñak´ eQ μaHza sIl-

vimMsk; CaGñkdlńUvsrN; 3 mansIl 5 minZøúHZøay

GaRs&yRBHraCaRBHnamekaslciJ©wmCIvit . RBHraCa

RTgéZVIkarrab´Gandl´RBah μN¾enaH RBmTaMgRBah μN¾

ÉeT[t edayRTg´RBHtRmiHza ²RBah μN¾enH CaGñkman

sIl³ kúñgézámYyRBah μN¾enaHKitza ²RBHraCaRTg´

GaRs&ykardl´RBmedayCati eKaRt RtkUl RbeTs

nigsil|; rbs´Gat μaGjehIy eTIbRTgéZVIesckIþ

rab´Gan ßk*RTg´GaRs&ynUvkardl´RBmedaysIl ‘rbs´

Gat μaGj’ eTIbRTgéZVIßhñ@ / ç Gat μaGjnwgsakl|g

emIl³ dUecñHehIy k*eTAkan´TIbMrugénRBHraCa kalnwg

‘RtLb´’eTApÞH min:nlaesaHeLIy :nykRTBü

mYykhabN; GMBIbnÞHkþarrbs´hirJ¦ikmñakéTAehIy .

hirJ¦ikminniyayJküGVI> eLIy Gg<úy‘enAesá{m’

eRJHesckIþeKarBcMeJHRBah μN¾ . kñúgézáTI2 RBah μN¾

enaH :nykRTBü 2 khabN; . hirJ¦ik k*:n


Gt´RTaMyägdUecñHEdr . kñúgézáTI 3 RBah μN¾enaH k*:n

ykkhabN; 1 kþab´éd . hirJ¦ikeRkaZxwg ehIy

ERskR:b´ 3 dgza ²x\MúcabécarEdlbøn´RTBü:n

ehIy³ . mnusSTaMgLay:nnaMKñamkGMBITIn@uHpg TIenH

pg eJlza ²«LÚvenH GñkeZVIdUcCaGñkmansIl Rtac´

eTAehIy Gs´kald*yUr³ dUecñHehIy k*okarRbhar2-3

dg cgehIy:nsEmþgdl´RBHraCaehIy . RBHraCaRTg´

manRBHvib|disarI RTg´manRBHraCaOg,arza ²EnRBah μN¾

eRJHehtuGVI eTIbGñkeZIVkm μénbuK<lGñkRTúsþsIl yäg

dUecñH / ³ ehIyRTg´Rtas´bBa¢aza ²GñkTaMgLaycUreTAç

cUreZIVraCGaC\adl´RBah μN¾enaHcuH³ RBah μN¾:nRkab

TUlza bBiRtRBHmharaC TUlRBHbg<MminEmnCaecareTç

tamBit TUlRBHbg<M:neZVIehIyyägenH eRJHehtuenH³

dUecñH ehIyRkabTUlza «LÚvenH TUlRBHbg<M:ndwg

ehIy edayc|as´las´za RBHGg<RTg´GaRs&ysIl

büeNÑaH eTIbRTgéZVIesckIþrab´Gan dl´TUlRBHbg<Mç

minEmn RTg´GaRs&yCatiCaedImeZVIeLIy ehIy:nRkab


TUlza ²BitEmndUecñaH «LÚvRBHGg<RTg´Rtas´bJ¢a

oeZVIGaC\adl´TUlRBHbg<Mç edayehtuenH TUlRBHbg<MenaH

eTIbdl´nUvkarsnñidðanza kñúgelakenH sIlb¨ueNÑaH

RbesIrbMputç sIlCaRbZan dUecñHç mYyeT[t TUlRBHbg<M

kaleZVIkm μEdlsmKYr dl´sIlenH sæitenAkñúgpÞH

briePaKnUvkielsTaMgLay nwgminGacedIm|IeZVI:neLIy

dUecñHehIy RkabTUlsMuRBHraCaGnuJ¦atza kñúgézáenHÉg

TUlRBHbg<MnwgbYs kñúgsMNak´énRBHsasþaç bBiRtRBH

sm μtieTB sUmRBHGg<RTg´RBHraCTannUvbBVC¢a dl´TUl

RBHbg<Mpg dUecñHehIy k*:neTAkan´vtþeCtBnsUmbBVC¢a

nwgRBHsasþa :nehIynUvbBVC¢anigóbsm|Ta minlH

bg´km μdðanehIy ceRmInvibsSna :nseRmcehIynUv

RBHGrhtþ . k*karvay ehIycgnUvRBah μN¾enaHÉNaç

karvayehIycgenaH bNÐitKb|IeXIjza ²Capl

énGTinñaTan³ .

‘er]gRBah μN¾mkehIykñúgGdðkza sIlvimMsCatk

kñúgnvm énÉkni:t’ .


3-Pavnamy³ kñúgGdækfa-brmtßTIbnI fa ³ ectna rbs´GñkBicarNa

eXIjc|asńUv ck¡ú esat; Xan; CivØa kay mn;

eday‘Carbs´’mineT[g CaTuk¡ CaGntþa edayvibsSnamK<

EdleBalehIykñúgbdismÖiTa 1 ectnarbs´Gñk

BicarNaeXIjc|asńUvrUbTaMgLay .l. Zm(TaMgLay

ck¡úviJ¦aN .l. menaviJ¦aN . ck¡úsmösS .l.

menasmösSç ck¡úsmösSCa evTna .l. menasmösS-

Ca evTna . rUbsJ¦a .l. Zm μsJ¦a . ‘nig’

CramrN; edayCarbs´mineT[g CaTuk¡ CaGntþa 1

Qanectna EdlRbRBwtþeTAehIykñúgGarm μN¾ 38 Rbkar

manbfvIksiNCaedIm 1 ectnaEdlRbRBwtþeTAehIy

edayGMNacénkarsnSM ‘bric©y’ nig mnsikarCaedIm

EdlminmaneTas 1 yägNa GñkjúaMgectnaTaMgGs´

enaH oceRmInedaybuJ¦kiriyavtæúenH eRBaHdUecñaH eTIb

eQ μaHza buJ¦kiriyavtæúEdlseRmcedayPavna tamn&y

EdleBalehIydUecñHÉg .


‘mü¨ageT[t’ karo ‘Tan’ edayepþImtaMgkar

BicarNa ‘namrUb’ edaykarGs´eTA edaykarsUnüeTA

edaykm μ buJ¦kiriyavtæú CaPavnamy; .

kñúgbrmtßeCatik fa ³ Pavna sEmþgvcntæ;za ?

²kuslZem μ Paevti ób|aeTti veD¿tIti × Pavna³ Zm μCatiNa eZVIokuslEdlRbesIrekIteLIg

CaRKadMbUg ehIyeZVIoceRmIneLIg dUecñH Zm μCatienaH

eQ μaHza Pavna :ndl´ mhakuslcitþúb|aT EdlCab´

Tak´TgnwgkarceRmInsmzPavnanigvibsSnaPavna Edl

enACabrikm μPavna nig óbcarPavna .

kñúgvcntæ; enH EckCa 2 Epñk KW ?

kuslZem μ Paevti ób|eTti rEmgeZVIkusl

EdlRbesIrekIteLIgRKadMbUg 1 Epñkç

kuslZem μ Paevti veD¿ti rEmgeZVIkuslEdl

RbesIrekIteLIgeRcIneTVéRkElgeLIg> 1 Epñk .

vcntæ; TaMg2EpñkenH EpñkTI1 sMedAdl´kusl-

citþúb|aT EdlekIteLIg RKadMbUgénkarbdibtþi EpñkTI 2


sMedAdl´ kuslcitþúb|aT EdlekIteLIgCab´tKñakñúgRKa

eRkayénkarbdibtþi EdlenAminTanćUldl´Gb|na .

mYyeT[t Jküza Pavna kñúgbuJ¦kiriyavtæúenaH

elaksEmþgdlér]gmhakusl dUecñaH Gg<Zm(eTIb

:ndl´ mhakuslEtmüäg cMENkJküza Pavna kñúg

km μdðansg<h; briecäTTI 9 enaH elaksEmþgdl´

er]gsmz; nig vibsSna dUecñaH Gg<Zm(eTIb:ndl´

elakiynigelakutþr; kuslTaMgGs´tamsmKYr dUecñaH

dIkacarüeTIbeJlTukza karsikSaer[nsURt RBHZm(vin&y

karGb´rM karnwkKit BicarNa KitsJ¢wg kñúgeKalZm(

epSg>kIþ karer[n karGb´rM viC¢aepSg> EdlminmaneTas

TaMgenHkIþ suTÆswgEtCaPavna EdlCacMENkbuJ¦kiriya-

vtúæTaMgGs´ .

3>1 lkçNCaedImrbs;Pavnakusl 1-kuslvD¿abnlk¡Na mankareZIVokusl

ceRmIneLIg Calk¡N;

2-Gkuslbhanrsa mankarlHbg´GkuslCakic©


3-stþacaerak,mnbc©úb|dðana mankarcUlkan´pøÚv

bdibtþi EdlTak´TgCamYystirbs´namkay

rUbkay CaGakarR:kd

4-eyaniesamnsikarbTdðana maneyaniesa-

mnsikar KWkarBicarNaedayó:y

CaehtuCit .

3>2 bdiekçbFm’CaedImrbs;Pavnakusl 1-bdiek¡bZm μ Zm(EdlRtÚvlHbg´edayPavna

:ndl´ emah;

2-GnuJ¦atZm μ Zm(Edl:nTTYlGnuJ¦atGMBI

PavnakusloekIt :ndl´ Gemah;

3-ób|aeTtBVZm μ Zm(EdlPavnakusleZIVoekIt

eLIg :ndl´ GrhtþmK< Ghrtþpl

‘edayók,dðn&y’ .

6


4-Gbcaynmy³ kñúgbrmtßTIbnI Gdækfa ³ buJ¦kiriyavtæú EdlseRmc

edayGbcayn; ‘kareKarB’ Kb|IRCabedayGMNac

énkareXIjPik¡úcas´Cag ehIyeRkakTTYl TTYl:Rt

nigcIvr zVaybg<M nigopøÚvCaedIm .

enAkñúgbrmtßeCatik³ Gbcayn sEmþgvcntæ;za ?

²Gbcaynþi Éetnati × GbcaynM³ CnTaMg

Lay rEmgeZIVkareKarB OnlMeTan edaykuslectna

Na dUecñaH kuslectnaEdlCaehtuénkareKarB On-

lMeTanenaH eQ μaHza Gbcayn; :ndl´ ectnakñúg

mhakuslcitþ GZib|ayza kal:nCYbmatabita yay

ta eKarB ßRkabzVaybg<M Onk|al ßcUleTA TTYlvtæú

epSg> edaykarCYykan´ ßCYyTTYlrbs´mkBIelak

EdlCakareZVIeTAedayesckIþbrisuTÆiéncitþ min:nR:zña

ßsg¹wmy¨agNa kñúglaP ys sk,ar; TaMgenHsuTÆEt

CaGbcayn;TaMgGs´ç RbsinebIza kareZVIenH manesckIþ


sg¹wm zanwg:nlaP ys sk,ar;ehIy kareZVIyäg

enHenaH minEmnCaGbcayn; edayBit EtCaGbcayn;

Edllayedaymayasaezyü .

4>1 Gbcayn³man 2 y:ag samJ¦Gbcayn 1 viessGbcayn 1 .

kñúg 2 yägenH karsEmþgesckIþeKarB OnlMeTan

cMeJHmatabita yayta RKÚGacarü edayesckIþrlwk

nwkza eyIgmannaTIEdlnwgRtÚveZIVkareKarB OnlMeTan

cMeBaHelakTaMgenH eRJHelakCajatiGñkZM nigRKÚGacarü

rbséyIgdUecñH :neQ μaHza samJ¦Gbcayn; .

karsEmþgesckIþeKarBOnlMeTan kñúgRBHrtnRt&y

edaykarrlwknwkdl´RBHKuNepSg> manGrhM CaedIm

edayGMNacénmhakuslcitþ EdlRbkbedaysTÆa

bJ¦a edayEzøgvacaza BuTÆM srNM Kcäami CaedIm dUecñH

:neQ μaHza viessGbcayn; .


4>2 buKÁlEdlKYreKarB»nlMeTan 3 RbePT 1-KuNvuD¿ibuK<l CaGñkceRmInedayGMNac

énsIlKuN smaZiKuN bJ¦aKuN

2-vyvuD¿ibuK<l CaGñkceRmInedayGMNacénGayu

3-CativuD¿ibuK<l CaGñkceRmInedayGMNac

énvgSRtkUl .

kñúgbNþavuD¿iTaMg 3 RbePTenH kareKarBOnlMeTan

cMeJHKuNvuD¿ibuK<l nig vyvuD¿ibuK<l TaMg 2 RbePT

büeNÑaH eTIbCaGbcaynkusledayBit:nç cMENk

kareKarB OnlMeTancMeJHCativuD¿ibuK<lenaH ebIRbRBwtþ

eTAedayGMNacénelaPcitþúb|aT eTascitþúb|aT emah-

citþúb|aT k*minCakusl yägNa ebIRbRBwtþeTAeday

GMNacénmhakuslcitþúb|aT k*CaGbcaynkusl

edayGnuelambüeNÑaH eRJHCakarbdibtþiedaymaryaT

EdllÁsÁat tamRbevNI niymTYeTA .

vuD¿iTaMg 3 RbePTenH buK<lxøH k*CaGñkceRmInRKb´

TaMMg 3 RbePT :ndl´ RBHsm μasm¬úTÆCam©asĆaedImç


buK<lxøH k*manRtwmEt 2 RbePT KW KuNvuD¿i nigvyvuD¿i

:ndl´ RBHGriysg¹ GñkZM EdlmkGMBIRtkUlsamJ¦

ß KuNvuD¿i nig CativuD¿i :ndl´ RBHrahulCaedIm ß

vyvuD¿i nig CativuD¿i :ndl´ RBH:Tsub|BuTÆCaedImç

buK<lxøH k*CaGñkZMNamYykñúgvuD¿i 3 RbePTenaH .

mYyeT[t GñkEdlCaKuNvuD¿ibuK<lEdlmansIl

smaZi bJ¦a ebI:nCYbCamYyKñanwgGñkEdlCavyvuD¿i-

buK<l EdlmanGayueRcInCagxøÜn ß CativuD¿ibuK<lEdl

manRtkUlx¬sĆag ß tMENgx¬sĆagyägNamYy ß

TaMg 2 yägehIy k*minRtÚveZVIkareKarBedaykarRkab-

zVaybg<M RtwmEtsMBHk*l μm sUm|Iza GñkenaHCabita mata

yay ta RKÚGacarü k*eday ebIelakTaMgenaH Camicäa-

TidðibuK<l manntæikTidðiCaedIm TaMgesckIþRbRBwtþi k*GaRkk´

CYrCati ezakTabpgehIy k*kanÉtmincaM:c´RtÚveZIVkar

eKarBedaykarRkabzVaybg<MeLIy yäglÁbMputRtwmEt

sMBHbüeNÑaH k*CakarRbéB enHeRJHGñkEdlCaKuNvuD¿i-

buK<lenaH manmuxEdlRtÚveKarBcMeJHsIl smaZi


bJ¦a EdlmanenAkñúgsnþanrbs´xøÜn EdlCaKuNZm(

x¬g´x¬sĆag lÁCagelak ehtuenaH eTIbminKYrnwgeZVIkar

RkabzVaybg<M eRJHRbsinebIelakTaMgenaH manesckIþ

eRtkGrcMeJHkarRkabzVaybg<M RKaenaHpgehIy k*nwg

ekIteTasdlélakTaMgkñúgPBenH nigPBxagmux Edl

RbRBwtþeTAtameKal‘c|ab´’ rbs´Zm μCati esckIþenH:n

manR:kdc|as´kñúger]gcnÞkumar za kñúgxN;EdlRBH-

eBaZistV RTg´:nCYbCamYyRBHraCbita enAxageRkARkúg

edaybitaRBHGg< RtÚvRbCaCneZVIkarnireTs oecjeTA

enaH RBHeBaZistV RTg´min:neZVIkarRkabzVaybg<M yäg

Na RtwmEtRTgéZVIGJ¢lI RBmCamYynwgEzøgRBHvacaza

²cirM CIv sami ; sUmRBHGg< cUrRTg´manRBHCn μyWnyUr³

edayGakar;RtwmEtbüeNÑH .

4>3 esckþIeKarBnigmineKarB Pav;énbuK<lEdlZán´TaMgLay eQ μaHza Karv;

:ndl´ kiriya eZVIoZán´kñúgbuK<lEdlxøÜneKarB man

matabitaTaMgLayCaedImenaH .


eRBaHehtuenaH kñúgGdðkza eTIbelakeJlza ?

²kiriyaeZVIoZán´ KWPaBCaGñkmanesckIþeKarBtam

smKYrkñúgbuK<lTaMgLay manRBHBuTÆ RBHbec©kBuTÆ

RBHsav&krbs´RBHtzaKt Gacarü óbCÄay¾ mata bita

bgbÁÚnRbús nigbgbÁÚnRsICaedIm EdlKYrdl´karRbkb

edaykiriyaeZIVoZán´ eQ μaHza esckIþeKarB³ . esckIþ

eKarBenaH RBHmanRBHPaK RTgRtasza ²Camg<l³ eRJH

Caehtuén«dðpl mankar:neTAkan´suKtiPBCaedIm .

k*Pav;énkarmineKarBenaH minEmnCamg<l KW RBHmanRBH

PaK RTg´Rtas´sEmþgehIy edaykarRtas´sEmþgnUv

Pav;énesckIþeKarBenaH Camg<l . EmnBit esckIþ

mineKarB Kb|IRCabza minEmnCamg<l eRJHCaehtuén

Gnidðpl mankareTAkan´TuK<tiCaedIm . eRBaHehtuenaH

RBHmanRBHPaK kalRTg´Rtas´sEmþgZm(dl´suPmaNB

eTIbRTg´Rtas´za ?

mñalmaNB ®sþIßbursBYkxøH kñúgelakenH CaGñk

rwgtÁwg emIlgay minsMBHbuK<lEdlKYrsMBH mineRkak


TTYlbuK<lEdlKYreRkakTTYl minoGasn; dl´buK<l

EdlKYrdl´Gasn; minopøÚv dl´buK<lEdlKYrdl´pøÚv

mineZVIsk,ar; dl´buK<lEdlKYrdl´sk,ar; mineZVIesckIþ

eKarBdl´buK<lEdlKYreZVIesckIþeKarB minrab´Gandl´

buK<lEdlKYrrab´Gan minbUCadl´buK<lEdlKYrbUCa .

eRJHGMeBIenaH EdlxøÜn:nbMeBjyägenH :nkan´x¢ab´

yägenH buK<lenaHluHTMlayragkaybnÞab´BIesckIþ

søabéTA rEmgeTAekItkñúgkMeNItstVtircäan eRbtvis&y

Gsurkay nrk ebIbuK<lenaHTMlayragkaybnÞab´GMBI

esckIþsøabéTA mineTAekItkñúgkMeNIttircäan eRbtvis&y

Gsurkay nrkeT eTIb:nRtLb´mkkan´PaBCamnusS

ekItkñúgTINa> rEmgCaGñkmanRtkUlezakTab .

mñalmaNB buK<lEdlrwgtÁwg emIlgay minsMBHbuK<l

EdlKYrsMBH .l. minbUCa dl´buK<lEdlKYrbUCa enH

eQ μaHza bdibTaRbRBwtþeTA edIm|ImanRtkUlezakTab .

mñalmaNB mYyeT[t ®sþIßbursBYkxøH kñúgelak

enH CaGñkminrwgtÁwg minemIlgay sMBHbuK<lEdlKYr


sMBH eRkakTTYlbuK<lEdlKYreRkakTTYl oGasn;

dl´buK<lEdlKYrdl´Gasn; opøÚv dl´buK<lEdlKYr

dl´pøÚv eZVIsk,ar; dl´buK<lEdlKYrdl´sk,ar; eZVI

esckIþeKarB dl´buK<lEdlKYreZVIesckIþeKarB rab´Gan

dl´buK<lEdlKYrrab´Gan bUCadl´buK<lEdlKYrbUCa .

eRJHGMeBIenaH EdlxøÜn:nbMeBjyägenH :nkan´x¢ab´

yägenH buK<lenaH luHTMlayragkaybnÞab´BIesckIþ

søabéTA rEmgeTAekItkñúgsuKtisYK(eTvelak ebIbuK<l

enaH TmøayragkaybnÞab´GMBIesckIþsøabéTA mineTAekIt

kñúgsuKtisYK(eTvelakeT eTIb:nRtLb´mkkan´PaBCa

mnusS ekItkñúgTINa> rEmgCaGñkmanRtkUlx¬g´x¬s´ .

mñalmaNB buK<lEdlminrwgtÁwg minemIlgayeK sMBH

buK<lEdlKYrsMBH .l. bUCa dl´buK<lEdlKYrbUCa

enHeQ μaHza bdibTaRbRBwtþeTAedIm|ImanRtkUlx¬g´x¬s´ .

n½ykñúgGdækfa cULkm μvíPgÁsURtenaHfa ? bTza GPivaeTtBVM KW buK<lEdlKYrdl´karGPivaT

:ndl´ RBHBuTÆ RBHbec©kBuTÆ ßRBHGriysav&k . sUm|I


buK<lEdlKYreRkakTTYlCaedIm k*n&yenHdUcKñaEdr .

bTza smetþn EdlxøÜn:nbMeBjehIy .

bTza smaTienñn KW EdlxøÜnkan´x¢ab´ehIy KW

Jl´RtÚvehIy . bTza yTiTM manesckIþza km μ KW PaB

CaGñkrwgtÁwg manmanHéRkElgenHÉNa bdibTaenH .

dÍkacULkm μvíPgÁsURtenaHfa ? bTza smetþn KW EdlGac :ndl´ Edlman

smtæPaB . GZib|ayza km μenaH Cakm μEdlGacedIm|I

nwgopl edayRbkarNa eRJHkm μEdlxøÜn:neZIV KW

:nsnSMTukehIy edayRbkarenaH . k*km μR:kddUecñaH

eQ μaHza minmanxVHxat edaykic©rbs´xøÜn ehtuenaH

eTIbGdðkzacarüeBalza KW xøÜnbMeBjehIy .

kñúgbTza smaTienñn enH karkan´x¢ab´ KW kar

Bal´RtÚvedaytNØa nig Tidði eQ μaHza karsmaTan

eRJHehtuenaH RBHGdðkzacarüeTIbeJlza ²EdlxøÜn

kan´x¢ab´ KW EdlxøÜnBal´RtÚvehIy .


eQ μaHza bdibTa eRJHvieRKaHza ²CaeRK}geZIV

dMeNIreTAkan´suKti ß TuK<ti énbuK<l³ :ndl´ km μ .

buK<lEdlminrwgrUsedaybT:lIza ?

GtæTÆtasg¡aeta nivaeta tu ysaTiKuN-b|dilaP ehtueta mg<lM ; bNÐitelakeJlza

cMENkbuK<lRbRBwtþbnÞabxøÜneJlKW minrwgrUs Caehtu

:nnUvKuNniglaP manysCaedIm CaesckIþceRmIn .

4>4 KafasEmþgGanisgSrbs;Gbcayn³ ey vuD¿mbcaynþi nra Zm μsS ekaviTa Tiedð Zem μ c :sMsa sm|raeya c suK<tw.

BYkCnEdlQøaskñúgZm( ekatERkgcas´RBwTÆacarü

rEmg:nesckþIsresIr kñúgbc©úb|nñpg :nsuKtikñúg

brelakpg .

GPivaTnsIlisS nic© M vuD¿abcayiena ctþaera Zm μa vD¿nþ i GayuveNÑa suxM BlM .


Zm( KW BrTaMgLay 4 Rbkar KW Gayu 1

BN(sm|úrkay 1 esckIþsux 1 kMlaMg 1 rEmgceRmIn

Gs´kalCanic© dl´GñkEdlmanesckIþOnkayzVaybg<M

dl´RBHrtnRt&y CaRbRktI nigGñkEdlmanesckIþ

eKarBekatERkg dl´GñkEdlmanesckIþceRmInedayKuN

mansIlKuNCaedIm ß EdlceRmInedayv&y KW cas´

RBwTÆacarü .

GZib|ayGtæénKaza

bTza GPivaTsIlisS KW GñkzVaybg<MCaRbRktI

:ndl´ GñkxVl´xVaykic©KW karzVaybg<Mer]y> .

bTza vuD¿abcayiena esckþIza dl´RKhsæGñk

OnlMeTan ßGñkbUCaCanic© edaykarRkabzVaybg<M sUm|I

kñúgPik¡úkMelaH nigsameNrbYskñúgézáenaHç k*ßdl´bBVCit

GñkOnlMeTan ßGñkbUCaCanic© edaykarRkabzVaybg<M

kñúgGñk‘bYs’cas´CagedaybBVC¢a ßedayóbsm|Ta ‘ß’

kñúgGñkceRmInedayKuN .


BIrbTza ctþaera Zm μa esckþIza kalGayu

ceRmInrsénAç GayuenaH rEmgceRmInGs´kalbunNaç Zm(

TaMgLaysUm|IeRkAenH k*ceRmInGs´kalbueNÑaHdUcKña .

eRBaHza GñkNaeZVIkuslEdlenAGayu 50 qñaM oRbRBwtþ

eTAç GnþrayénCIvitrbs´GñkenaH dlékIteLIgsUm|Ikñúg

kalmanGayu 25 qñaM° GnþrayenaH rEmgrmáabeTA:n

edayPaBCaGñkRkabzVaybg<MCaRbRktI . GñkenaH rEmg

taMgenA:nrhUtdl´Gs´GayuEtmþg . sUm|IvNÑ;CaedIm

rbs´GñkenaH rEmgceRmInRBmnwgGayuenaHÉg .

n&ysUm|IéRkElgCagenH k*yägenHÉg .

Gnnþraeyn bvtþsSayuena vD¿nM nam ntæi . k*eQμaHza karceRmInénGayu EdlRbRBwtþeTA

edayminmanGnþray minmaneT .

6


5-evyüavc ©my³ kñúgbrmtßTIbnI Gdækfa ³ buJ¦kiriyavtæú EdlRbkb

RBmedaykarxVl´xVay Kb|IRCabedayGMNacénkar

eZVIvtþbdibtþi dl´Pik¡úcasĆag edayGMNacénkarEdl

eXIjPik¡úcUleTAkñúgRsúkedIm|IbiNÐ:t TTYl:Rt

‘rbsélak’ ehIy bJ©úHPik¡a sUm|IkñúgRsúkoer[bry

naMcUleTAzVay nigedayGMNacénkarRbjabńaMyk

:RtmkoCaedIm eday:n» ‘Bakübg<ab´’za cUreTA

naMyk:Rtrbs´Pik¡úTaMgLaymk dUecñH .

kñúgbrmtæeCatik; evyüavc© sEmþgvcntæ;za ?

viesesn Gavrnþ i ósSk,M GabC¢nþ Iti Byavda ByavdsS km μ M evyüavc© M ; buK<l

BYkNaman esckIþBüayamCaBiess eJlKW cUldl´

PaBCaGñkkgVlćitþ ykcitþTukdak´ dUecñH buK<lTaMgenaH

eQ μaHza Büavd; :ndl´´ Gñkcat´kar ßGñkCYyQWq Áal

kñúgkic©karepSg> kareZVIrbs´buK<lEdlmanesckIþ


xVl´xVay ykcitþTukdakĆaBiess eQ μaHza evyüavc©;

:ndl´ karCYyQWq Áalkñúgkic©karEdlTak´Tgnwgbriytiþ

bdibtþi karbric©aKTan karQWz,at´ minsb|ay kar

CYyCYsCul ‘esnasn;’ dUcedImvij smÁatvtþGaram

bUCnIydðan CaedIm .

tamvcntæenH sEmþgedaybuK<laZidðan Etkalnwg

sEmþgedayZm μaZidðanehIy k*mandUecñH ²tM tM kic©-kreN ByavdsS Paeva evyüavc© M ; Zm(Edl

CaehtueZVIobuK<lmanesckIþkgVl´ ykcitþTukdak´kñúgkar

eZVIkargarRKbýäg eQ μaHza evyüavc©; :ndl´ ectna

EdlenAkñúgmhakuslcitþúb|aT EdleZVIobuK<lman

esckIþBüayam xVl´xVay ykcitþTukdak´kñúgkareZVIkargar

RKbýäg .

mYyeT[t karCYyQWq ÁaleZVIkargarepSg> Edl

minmaneTasrbs´matabita RKÚ Gacarü jati bgbÁÚn

miRtPkþi dUcCabuRtZIta CYyemIlRTBüsm|tþi masR:k´

rhUtkargarRKbýäg minoelakkgVlćitþCaedIm dUecñH


sUm|IebIza CakargarpøÚvelakk*Bit Etk*catĆaevyüa-

vc©kuslTaMgGs´ .

5>1 buBVkm μrbs;]tþrmaNB kñúg:yasiraCBa¦sURt ; cMENkxagótþrmaNB

CaGñkcatÉcg kñúgTanrbsésþc:yasiraCBa¦;n@uH :no

TanedayeKarB oTanedayédxøÜnÉg oTanedayp©itp©g

oTanedaymin:ne:Ho luHEbkZøayragkay bnÞabGMBI

mrN;eTA k*:neTAekItkñúgfansuKtisYK(eTvelak CamYy

nwgBYkeTvtaCantavtþigS .

bBa¢ak´za ótþrmaNB enH CaGñkxVl´xVay kñúgTan

rbsésþc:yasiraCBa¦;n@uHbueNÑaH . kñúgGdðkza®:bza

ótþrmaNB enaH oTansUm|ICavtæúrbs´GñkdéT k*‘oTan’

edayeKarB .


5>2 buBVkm μrbs;RBHraCacNÐbeC¢at k*RBHraCa manJhn;TaMg 5 KW ?

dMrIjI 1 eQμaH PTÞvtI eTA:nmYyézá 50 eyaCn¾ .

TaseQμaHza kak; eTA:n 60 eyaCn¾ . esH 2 KW

esHeclkdði nig muJ©eksi eTA:n 100 eyaCn¾ .

dMrInaLaKirI eTA:n 120 eyaCn¾ ‘kñúgmYyézá’ .

:n»mkza RBHraCaRBHGg<enaH kñúgkalRBHBuTÆ

minTan´:nRTg´ób|tþieLIg :nCaGñkenAbeRmIrbs´«sSr-

Cnmñak´ . tmkézámYy kal«sSrCnenaH eTAeRkARBHnKr

gUtTwkehIymkç RBHbec©kBuTÆGg<mYy cUleTAkan´RBHnKr

edIm|IbiNÐ:t min:nPik¡aeLIyRtwmEtmYyduM eRJHGñkRkúg

TaMgGsRtÚvmarbNþalcitþ man:RttamEdllagTukehIy

‘TeT’ ecjeTA . lMdabénaH marcUleTArkRBHbec©kBuTÆ

enaH edayePTEdlminmanGñkNas<aléhIy sYrelak

kñúgxN;Edlelak‘mk’dl´TVarRBHnKrza ²elakm©as

elak:nGVI> xøHeT³ / RBHbec©kBuTÆ eqøIyza ²k*GñkÉg

eZVIGakarKW Edlmin:ndléyIgehIyminEmnß³ / .


ebIdUecñaH sUmelakm©as´RtLbcUleTAeT[tcuHç RKaenH

x\úMnwgmineZVI .

RBHbec©kBuTÆ ; eyIgnwgminRtLbeTAvijeT[teT .

k*ebIRBHbec©kBuTÆenaH Kb|IRtLbeTAesat marenaH

nwgKb|IERCkcUlkñúgsrIr;rbs´GñkRkúgTaMgGs´ ehIyTHéd

eZVIkaresIccMGkeT[tç kalRBHbec©kBuTÆminRtLb mark*

:téTAkñúgTIenaHÉg . xN;enaH «sSrCnenaHlμmeXIj

RBHbec©kBuTÆ EdlmkenAedayTaMg:RttamEdllagTuk

‘TeT’ ehIy eTIbzVaybg<M ehIysYrza ²elakm©as´ elak

:nGVI> xøHeT³ / elakeqøIyza ²GñkmanGayu GatμaRtac

eTAehIy ecjmkehIy³ . eKKitza ²elakm©as´ mintb

JküEdleyIgsYr nwgeBalJküdéTç elakKgńwgenA

minTan´:nGVI>³ . kñúgevlaenaH Kat´RkeLkemIl:Rt

rbsélak eXIj:RtTeT k*CaGñkekø{vkøa EtminGac

TTYl:Rt eRJHminTan´dwgza PtþkñúgpÞHrbsxøÜnseRmc

ehIy ßminTan´seRmc eTIbeJlza ²elakm©as´ sUm

elakm©as´ cUrenAcaMbnþic³ dUecñHehIy k*eTAkan´pÞHeday


rh&s sYrza ²PtþsRmabeyIgseRmcehIyß³ / kalGñk

beRmIeqøIyza ²seRmcehIy³ eTIbeJlnwgGñkbeRmIenaH

za ²: GñkdéTEdlmanesckþIrh&sEdlbribUN(CagGñk

minmanç edaykarsÞúHeTAd*rh&s GñkÉgcUleTAdl´

elakm©asenaH eJlza ²elakm©as sUmelakcUro:Rtç

ehIyTTYl:Rtmkedayrh&s³ . eKsÞúHeTAedayJkü

bg<abÉtmYybüeNÑaH TTYl:RtnaMmkehIy . sUm|I

«sSrCn eZVI:RtoeBjedayePaCnrbs´xøÜn ehIyeJl

za ²GñkcUrRbjabéTA zVay:RtenHdlélakm©as´ eyIg

nwgocMENkbuNü GMBITanenH dl´GñkÉg³ . eKTTYl

:RtenaH ehIyeTAedayel]n‘rh&s’ zVay:Rtdl

RBHbec©kBuTÆ zVaybg<MedaybJ©g<Rbtisðan ehIyeJlza

²elakm©asd*ceRmIn evlacUleTACitehIyç x\úMeTAnigmk

edaykarsÞúHeTAd*rh&séRkElgç edayplénkarsÞúHeTA

rbs´x\úMenH sUmJhn;TaMgLay 5 EdlGacnwgeTA:n

50 eyaCn¾ 60 eyaCn¾ 100 eyaCn¾ 120 eyaCn¾

cUrekIteLIgdl´x\úMç mYyeT[t ragkayrbs´x\úMEdlmknigeTA


RtÚvBnøWénRBHGaTitüduteralehIyç edayplénkarEdl

ragkayRtÚvBnøWénRBHGaTitüduteralenaHrbs´x\úM sUmGaC\a

rbs´x\úM cUrpSayeTAdUcnwgBnøWénRBHGaTitü kñúgTIEdlekIt

ehIynigekItehIy° cMENkbuNükñúgeRBaHbiNÐ:tenH

EdlGñkCam©as‘«sSrCn’ oehIydl´x\úMç edayplEdl

hUrecjéncMENkbuNüenaH sUmx\úMcUrCaGñkmancMENk

énZm(Edlelakm©aseXIjehIy³ . RBHbec©kBuTÆeJlza

²sUmesckþIR:zñaEdlGñktaMgTukenH cUrseRmc³ ehIy

:neZVIGnuemaTnaza ?

«cäitM btæitM tuyØM sBVemv smiCÄtu seBV bUernþ ú sg,b|a cenÞa bnñresa yza. «cäitM btæitM tuyØM xib|emv smiCÄtu seBV bUernþ ú sg,b|a mNieCatiresa yza. vtæúEdlRtÚvkarehIy R:zñaehIy cUrseRmcdl´Gñk

o:nqab´rh&sç sUmesckþIRtiHriHTaMgBYg cUreBj

dUcRBHc®nÞ kñúgézá 15 ekIt . vtæúEdlRtÚvkarehIy

R:zñaehIy cUrseRmcdlGñko:nqabrh&sç sUm


tRmiHRtÚvTaMgBYg cUreBjdl´Gñk dUcEkvmNI eQ μaHza

eCatirs; .

:n»za Kaza 2 enHÉg eQ μaHza KazaGnuemaTna

rbs´RBHbec©kBuTÆTaMgLay . rtn;KWEkvmNI Edlovtæú

Edl®:zñaTaMgBYg ehAza ²EkvmNIeCatirs³ kñúgKaza

enaH . enHCabuBVcriténbursTTYleRbIenaH . eK:nCa

RBH:TcNÐbeC¢at kñúg«LÚvenH . nigedayplEdlhUr

ecjénkmμenaH Jhn;TaMg 5 enH eTIbekIteLIg .

6


6-btþiTanmy³ btþiTan sEmþgvcntæza ²btþBVati btþi btþiya

TanM btþiTanM³ Zm μCatiNa EdlGñkeZVI:ndléhIy

dUecñaH Zm μCatienaH eQ μaHza btþi :ndl´ Tan sIl

Pavna EdlekIteLIgehIy kñúgsnþanrbs´xøÜn karo

cMENkbuNüEdlxøÜn:nmk eQ μaHza btþiTan :ndl´

karóTÞiscMENkbuNüodl´matabita RKÚGacarü jati

bg bÁÚn rhUtsBVstVTaMgBYgEdlsøabéTAehIy .

tamvcntæenH CakarsEmþgedaybuK<laZidðan Et

kalnwgsEmþgedayZm μaZidðanehIy k*mandUecñH ²btþw TTnþi Éetnati btþiTanM ; GñkcitþbuNüTaMgLay

rEmgocMENkbuNü EdlxøÜn:nmk dl´GñkEdl

rMlagxnÆsøabéTAkan´brelakehIy ßGñkEdlenAman

CIvitrsénA edayZm μCatienaH dUecñaH Zm μCati EdlCa

ehtuénkaroenaH eQ μaHza btþiTan :ndl´ ectna

EdlenAkñúgmhakuslcitþúb|aT EdlekIteLIg kñúgxN;

EdltaMgcitþóTÞiscMENkbuNü .


sYrza karóTÞiscMENkbuNü odl´buK<ldéT

dUecñaHehIy buNüenaHnwgkat´bnæycuHeTAßeT /

eq ø Iyza minkat´bnæycuHeLIy yägNa manEt

nwgRtLb´beg,IneLIg bEnæmeLIgeT[t dUecñaH k*eRJHza

karonUvbuNüenaH epSgKñaBIkarovtúæEdlman Edl

eJlza manEtnwgbeg,IneLIg EzmeLIgeTAenaH BaküenH

óbmahak´bIdUckarGuceT[nbEnæmeLIg KWbuK<lduceT[n

Tuk 1 edIm sUm|IebIza naMeT[ndéT>mkGuctmancMnYn

eRcInry eRcInBanédImk*eday BnøWPøWc|asÉdlmanenA

kñúgTIenaHCamYyeT[nedImdMbUg k*min:nGséTAeday

RbkarNa manEt:nTTYlBnøWPøWc|as´bEnæmeLIgBIBnøW

eT[nTaMgenaHCaeTVKuN yägNa karóTÞiscMENk

buNüodl´buK<ldéT k*rEmgCYyeZVIokuslEdlxøÜn

:nmk manGMNaceRcInéRkElg>eLIgeTARKb´kal

EdleZVIkaróTÞiso dUecñaH .

müägeT[t karEckbuNükuslodl´GñkdéT KW

CakarRbedAcitþmYyEpñk edIm|IkMuocitþKit:nGVI> EtxøÜn


Ég RtÚvecHEbgEckrbs´RbesIroGñkdéT TUn μancitþo

ecHeGIeBIkñúgGMeBIlÁ edayykcitþTukdak´ karCUnbuNü KW

CUnedaycitþemtþa edaycitþTn´Pøn´ CUnedIm|IoGñkdéT

:nbuNüBit> eRBaHGnuemaTna .

7-btþanuemaTanmy³ kñ úgGdækfa brmtßTIbnI fa ³ buJ¦kiriyavtæú KWkar

GnuemaTna ‘buNü’ Kb|IRCabedayGMNacénkarGnu-

emaTnacMENkbuNü EdlGñkdéToehIy ßbuNüEdl

GñkdéTeZVIehIyTaMgGs´za saZu ‘lÁehIy’ .

brmt ßeCat ik³ btþanuemaTna sEmþgvcntæ;za ?

²btþiya GnuemaTnM × btþanuemaTnM³ kar

eXIjlÁ eZVItamßTTYleRtkGrtam edayesckIþeBjcitþ

nUvcMENkbuNü EdleKóTÞismko eQ μaHza

btþanuemaTn; :ndl´ kareRtkGrTTYlcMENkbuNü

EdleKóTÞismko .

¥


Jküza ²btþi³ kñúgbtþiTanenaH CaTan sIl Pavna

EdlxøÜnBüayamksagoekIteLIgehIy óTÞisodl´

buK<ldéTç cMENkJküza ²btþi³ enAkñúgbtþanuemaTna

enaH :ndl´ kuslEdleKóTÞisoenaH :nmkdl´xøÜn

ehIy edaypøÚvvacanigGkSr dUecñaH eTIbsEmþgvcntæ;

n&ymYyeT[tza ²:bIytIti btþi³ kuslEdlGñkdéT

Kb|IóTÞiso dUecñaH eQ μaHza btþiç ²btþw GnuemaTnþi saZukarM TTnþi Éetnati btþanuemaTnM³ CnTaMg

Lay rEmgeRtkGrnUvbuNükuslEdleKóTÞismko

edaykarEzøgvacaza saZu edayectnaenaH dUecñaH

ectnaenaH eQ μaHza btþanuemaTn; :ndl´ mhakusl-

ectna EdlTak´TgCamYykarGnuemaTna .

kalBicarNa emIltameKalvcntæ;EdlsEmþg

ehIyenH k*Kb|IeXIj:nza ectnaenAkñúgmhakusl

esamnsSdYgNamYyenaHBit> CabtþanuemaTnakusl

y¨agbribUrN¾ cMENkectnaenAkñúgmhakuslóebk¡a

dYgNamYyenaH CabtþanuemaTnakuslminbribUrN¾ eRJH


za citþkñúgxN;enaH xVHbItiesamnsS cMeJHbuNü

kuslEdleKóTiÞsmko RtwmEteZVIoEzøgvacaza saZu

saZu ‘lÁehIy>’ tamPasarbs´xøÜnbüeNÑaH dUecñaH

karGnuemaTnaEdlCabtþanuemaTnakusl yägbribUrN¾

RtÚvmancitþRbkbedaybItiesamnsS ebIéRkElgCa

jaNsm|yutþesamnsSpgehIy k*CabtþanuenaTna

kuslyäglÁéRkElg .

7>1 karGnuemaTnabuNüEdlmineQ μaHfa btþanuemaTnaedayRtg;

karGnuemaTnacMENkbuNü EdlmineQ μaHza

btþanuemaTna edayRtgénaH KW kal:neXIjeKkMBugeZVI

buNü KWkarbric©aKTan rkSasIl ceRmInPavna ß:n

eXIjJkücarikeQ μaHm©as´rbs´ EdlCabénAkñúgvtúæEdl

ksagzVay‘sg¹CaedIm’ k*ekItbItiesamnsSpg eday

ehtuEdleKmin:neJlR:b´ ßóTÞiscMENkbuNüenaH

oeT karEdlbItiesamnsScMeJHkargarEdllÁrbs´


buK<ldéTyägenHenaH nwgEzøgvacaza saZu> ßza

lÁNas´ k*eday ßmin:nEzøgvacak*eday min:n

eQ μaHza btþanuemaTna edayRtg´ RtwmEtCaGnuelam

büeNÑaHç sRmab´karGnuemaTnacMENkbuNü Edl:n

eQ μaHza CabtþanuemaTnakuslBitenaH :ndl´ buNü

kusl EdlGñkeZVI:nBüayamksageLIg ehIynaMmk

eJlR:b´ ß óTÞiuso karGnuemaTnacMENkbuNü

Edlm©as´rbséJlR:b´ ß óTÞiso dUecñH eTIb:n

eQ μaHza btþanuemaTnkusl edayRtg´ .

7>2 cMENkbuNüEdleK]TÞis[ 2 Rbkar 1-óTÞisSikbtþi cMENkbuNüEdleKóTÞiso

edaycMeJH

2-GnuTÞ isSikbtþi cMENkbuNüEdleKóTÞiso

mincMeJH

karEckbTtam:lIevyüakrN¾dUecñH ?

óTÞ isS = «k = btþi × óTÞisSikbtþi ç


óTÞisS × karcMeJHç «k × manç btþi × kusl

EdleKpSayoç kalrYmbTTaMg 3 enH cUlKñaehIy

k*ERbza kuslEdleKpSayoedaymankarcMeJH .

n = óTÞisS = «k = btþi × GnuTÞisSikbtþiç n × minç óTÞisS × karcMeJHç «k × manç

btþi × kuslEdleKpSayoç kalrYmbTTaMg 4 enH

cUlKñaehIy k*ERbza kuslEdleKpSayoedaymin

mankarcMeJH .

karEbgEckbuNükuslTaMg 2 RbkarenH GñkEdl

:nTTYlcMENkbuNüRbePTEdlCaóTÞisSikbtþi kal

:nEzøgvacaza saZu>> ehIy k*:nTTYlplmYyrMeBc

dUcCaBYkeRbtEdlCajati rbs´RBH:TBim¬isar ‘taMg

EtGMBI 92 kb|mun’ kalRBH:TBim¬isar :nksagvtþ

evLúvnaram zVaycMeBaHRBHsm μasm¬úTÆ RBHmhakSRt

min:nEbgEckcMENkbuNü edaycMeJHodl´BYkeRbt

TaMgenaHeLIy RtwmEtRTg´pSayeTA edaymincMeJH

b¨ueNÑaH dUecñaHBYkeRbtTaMgenaH eTIb:nnaMKñabeJ©j


sMeLgERskyM sMucMeJHRBHmhakSRt luHRBwkEsÁk

eLIg RBHmhakSRt k*RbjabésþceTAKal´RBHsm μa-

sm¬úTÆCam©as´ RkabTUlsYrdlér]gEdl:nCYbRbTHmk

enaH cMeJHRBHsm μasm¬úTÆ .

RBHGg<eTIbsEmþgR:b´za CasMeLgrbséRbt

EdlCajati mkERsksMucMENkbuNü eRJHRBHGg<

min:nóTÞiscMENkbuNüTaMgBYg EdlRTg´bMeBjo

dléKedaycMeJHeLIy eKTaMgenaH :ntaMgcitþrgcaM

edIm|Inwg:nTTYlcMENkbuNü GMBIRBHGg< mkGs´ry;

eBlyUrlgéhIy . dUecñaH RBH:TBim¬isar eTIbRTg´

:ncat´kareZVIbuNüeLIgz μ IeT[tCaRKaTI 2 ehIy RTg´:n

EckcMENkbuNüenaH odléRbtTaMgenaH edaycMeBaH

cMENkBYkeRbtTaMgLay kal:nTTYlcMENkbuNü

BIRBH:TBim¬isar EdlRTgÉckoedaycMeJHehIy eTIb

naMKñabeJ©jvacaza saZu>> plbuNü k*R:kd

ekIteLIgmYyrMeBc eday:nTTYlGaharmkbriePaK

sRmalesckIþeRskXøan EdllM:kmkGs´ry;eBl


CayUrlg´ ‘eTIbEt:nbriePaKkñúgxN;enaHÉg . enHCa

plEdl:nTTYledayR:kdCak´ GMBIkarEckcMENk

buNüedaycMeBaH .

sRmab´GñkEdl:nTTYlcMENkbuNü RbePT

EdlCaGnuTÞisSikbtþienaH min:nTTYlplR:kdCak´

kñúgmYyrMeBc dUcGñkEdl:nTTYlcMENkbuNü RbePT

óTiÞsSikbtþienaHeT EteTaHCayägNak*eday GanisgSén

karGnuemaTna cMENkbuNüRbePTGnuTiÞsSikbtþi rbs´

BYkeRbtTaMgLay k*minsabsUnüeTAeTç cMeJHkarTTYl

cMENkbuNüRbePTEdlCaGnuTiÞsSikbtþi evlaNa evla

enaH karGnuemaTnacMENkbuNüRbePTEdlCaGnuTiÞsSi-

kbtþienH k*cUlrYmCYyóbtæmÖ karGnuemaTnaRbePTEdl

CaóTiÞsSikbtþi omankmøaMgxøaMgeLIgkñúgxN;enaH .

tamEdleJlmkehIyenH sMedAdl´GñkEdl

:nsøabéTAehIy k*:neTAkan´kMeNItEdlCabrTtþÚ-

bCIvikeRbtmYyBYk vini:tGsurnigevmanikeRbt EdlCa

BYkeTvtaCan´Tab kñúgcatum μharaCikaPUmimYyeT[tbüeNÑaH


sRmab´kñúgBYkmnusSpgKñaenH mankarGnuemaTna

cMENkbuNü RbePTEdlCaóTÞisSikbtþi ßGnuTÞisSikbtþi

dUcKña EtplEdl:nTTYlenaH minEmnCarbs´rbr

mas R:k´ Gahar briePaK TIenAGaRs&y dUcKñanwg

BYkeRbt Edl:nTTYlenaHeT RtwmEt:nTTYlpl KW

mancitþsuxsb|ay minekþARkhay muxmat´Rss´bs´

minRsGab´büeNÑaH ‘nwgRtÚvTTYlplCaesckþIsux kñúg

brelak ßkñúgbc©úb|nñk*man’ .

7>3 viFIEckbuNüRbePT]TÞisSikbtþi

sRmab´viZIEckbuNü RbePTóTÞisSikbtþi manviZI

EckdUecñH za ²«TM em buJ¦M matabituGacriy-jatimitþsmUhanM eTmi ; sUmóTÞisSkareZVIbuNü

EdlTak´TgnwgTan sIl Pavna rbs´x\Múm©asénH odl´

matabita RKÚ Gacarü jati mitþ EdlsøabéTAehIy ß

EdlenAmanCIvitenaHpg .


7>4 viFIEckbuNüRbePTGnuTÞ isSikbtþi

sRmab´viZIEckbuNüRbePTGnuTÞisSikbtþi manviZI

EckdUecñH za ²«TM em buJ¦M sBVstþanM eTmi ; sUmóTÞisSkareZVIbuNüEdlTak´TgnwgTan sIl Pavna

rbs´x\Múm©asénH odl´sBVstVTaMgBYgTaMgLay .

ectnaCaehtuGnuemaTna sUm|Irbs´BYkeRbtTaMg

Lay rEmgCaKuNCatioplkñúgxN;enaH:nç min:c´

eJlzVIdléctnaEdlCaehtuGnuemaTna rbs´mnusS

eLIy .

kñúgesckIþenH maner]gTaMgenH ‘CaóTahrN¾’ .

7>5 erOg])askmñak; :n»mkza kñúgkalénRBHBuTÆRBHnamksSb; man

ó:skmñak´ Caesatabnñ :ncuHTUkCamYynwgkudum¬Ik¾

Cagkat´sk´mñak´ . kñúgézáTI 7 nava k*:neK]genARtg´

kNþalénsmuRT . CnTaMgBIrnakénaHÉg edkelIbnÞH


kþarmYyehIy k*eTAdlékaHmYy bNþaCnTaMgBIrnakénaH

Cagkat´sk´ smøab´stVTaMgLayehIy GaMgsIuodl´

ó:skxøH ó:sk eJlza ²x\MúRKb´RKanéhIy³ dUecñaH

minbriePaK ehIyKitza ²kñúgTIenH eRkABIéRtsrNecj

ehIy TIBwgdéTrbs´Gat μaGj minmaneLIy³ . kal

ebIó:skenaH rlwknUvKuNénRBHrtnRt&yyägenHç

esþcnaKraC k*ekIteLIgehIykñúgekaHenaH nimi μtsrIr;

rbs´xøÜn eZVICaTUkyägZMeBjedayrtn 7 Rbkar .

smuRTeTvta :nCaGñkkacćg,ÚtTUk fitenAelITUk

ERskRbkasza ²buK<lGñkeTAkanĆm¬ÚTVIb manEdrßeT ?³

ó:sk R:b´za ²eyIgTaMgLaynwgeTA³ kalebI

eTvtaeJlza ²cUrGñkeLIgTUkcuH³ dUecñH kMBugEteLIgTUk

:nehACagkat´sk´ ²oeLIgTUkpg³ . eTvtaeJlza

²buK<lenaHminmanKuN KW sIl nigmaryaTeLIy eRJH

ehtuenaH buK<lenaH CaGñkminKYredIm|InwgcuHTUkenHeT³ .

ó:skeJlza ²ehtuenaH cUresøssincuH x\MúnwgonUv

cMENkbuNüGMBITan EdlxøÜnx\Mú:noehIy BIsIlEdl


xøÜnx\Mú:nrkSaehIy nigGMBIPavnaEdlxøÜnx\MúGb´rMehIy

dl´bursn@uH³ç Cagkat´skéJlza ²x\MúsUmGnuemaTna³ .

kñúgeBlenaH eTvtaobursenaHfitenAelITUk ehIy:n

GMuTUkenaH sMedAeTATIRkúgBaraNsI júaMgRTBüotaMgenA

kñúgpÞHénCnTaMgBIrnakénaHeRscehIy k*:nRtLbéTA

kan´vimanrbs´xøÜnvij .

‘Gdðkza sIlanisgSCakt kñúgctutævK< Tukni:t’

7>6 erOgsgçRBah μN_ kñúgGtItkal TIRkúgJraNsI maneQ μaHza

emalinI . kñúgkalenaH RBHeJZistV:nCaRBah μN¾

namza sg¡ kñúgTIRkúgemalinI eTAedIm|Ilk´dUrtamTUk

:nCYbnwgRBHbec©kBuTÆCam©as´mYyRBHGg< kñúgcenøaHpøÚv

elakkMBugEtCanńUvEpndId*ekþAgM dUcCaregIkePøIg eRJH

xülńigkMedAézád*ekþABnøwk nimnþmk mancitþeRtkGrza

²ERsbuNü rbs´Gat μaGjmkdléhIy³ eTIbTUlza

²bBiRtRBHGg<d*ceRmIn sUmRBHGg<JkÉs|kRBH:TenH


ehIy:MgqRt nimnþeTA³ dUecñHehIy k*RbeKnqRt nig

Es|kRBH:T ehIyeTAkan´kMBg´ ehIycuHTUk . kñúgézá

TI7 nava:neK]gehIy RBHeJZistV:nnaMbursCa

óbdðakmñakéTA ykeRbglabeBjTaMgsrIr;ehIy

briePaK lMGitdMus,r CamYynwgTwkedaHrav tamRtÚvkar

ehIy obursóbdðakbriePaKpgehIy eLIgkan´kMBUlén

ssrekþagCamYynwgbursóbdðakenaH elatepøaHeLIg

ZøakéTAkñúgTIbMputRbmaN 1 ósP R:rBÆedIm|Inwgq øg

‘smuRT’ . kalebIó:skenaH kMBugEtq øg ‘smuRT’

enaHÉg 7 ézá knøgeTAehIy . RKaenaH nageTvZIta

eQ μaHza mNIemxla EdlEzrkSanUvsmuRT R:zña

nwgCYyRsg´RBHeJZistV eTIbnim μ itnavaseRmceday

rtn; eBjeTAedayrtn; 7 Rbkar elIkBr

RBHeJZistVenaHdakélInava minoRkeLk emIlburs

CaóbdðakeLIy . RBHeJZistV :nocMENkbuNü

GMBIklüaNkm μ EdlxøÜn:neZVIehIydl´óbdðakenaH .

óbdðakenaH GnuemaTnaehIynUvcMENkbuNüenaH . RKa


enaH eTvta:noóbdðakenaHfitenAelInava naMnavaenaH

eq ¬aHeTAkan´TIRkúgemalinI júaMgRTBüotaMgenAelIpÞH

rbs´RBHeJZistVehIy k*:nvileTAkan´viman rbs´xøÜn

vijPøam .

‘er]genH elakeBalehIykñúgGdðkza

sg¡RJh μN¾Catk kñúgTskni:t’

eRJHehtudUecñaH ectnaCaehtuGnuemaTna rEmgCa

KuNCatioplkñúgxN;enaH:n .

7>7 viharviman ‘RBHGnuruTÆetærsYrza’ mñaleTvZIta nagmansm|úr

d*ruger]g .l. dUcp,ayRBwk kalEdlnagkMBugraMenaH

sMeLgTiBVTaMgLay KYrsþab´ KYrrIkrayéncitþ rEmglan´»

GMBIGvyv;tUcZMedaysBVRKb´ kalEdlnagkMBugraMenaH

køinTiBVTaMgLay mankøinRkGUb CaTIrIkrayéncitþ rEmgpSay

ecjGMBIGvyv;tUcZM edaysBVRKb´ kalnaggakkay eRK}g

Rbdab´TaMgLayBÆd*pñÜgsk´ k*»sUrKwkkg dUctUrüt®nþIRbkb


edayGg< 5 eRK}gRbdab´Rtec[k RtÚvxül´bk´mkb¨H k*keRmIk

edayxül´ »sUrKwkkg dUctUrüt®nþIRbkbedayGg< 5

p,akRmgNa BÆd*sirS;rbsńag mankøinRkGUb CaTIrIkray

éncitþ ‘køinp,akRmgenaH’ rEmgpSayeTAsBVTis dUcedIm

ÓeLak nagEtgZMkøinRkGUbenaH EtgeXIjrUb Edlmin

EmnCarbsmnusS mñaleTvta GatμasYrehIy nagcUr®:b

enHCaplénkm μGVI .

‘eTvtaeqøIyza’ bBiRtRBHGnuruTÆd*ceRmIn ‘nagvisaxa’

CasMLaj´rbs´x\ú M :noCageZVImhavihar eT[bRkúgsavtæI

óTÞiscMeBaHsg¹ x\úMRCHzøa rIkray cMeBaHviharenaH eRBaHeXIj

nUvpÞHKWvihar CaTIRsLajénaH eTIbvimanEdlx\úM:nehIy

edayGnuemaTna d*brisuTÆenaHÉg CavtæúGs©arü KYrrmilemIl

k*x¬séTABÆd*Gakas Gs´ 16 eyaCn¾CuMvij edaybuBa¦rwTÆiénx\úM

pÞHkMBUl CalMenArbs´x\úM dUceKEckedaycMENkes μ IKña ruger]g

PøWTUeTA Gs´ 100 eyaCn¾CuMvij ÉRsHe:rk¡rNITaMgLay

rbs´x\ú M kñúgTIenH EdlBYkRtITiBVenAGaRs&yehIy manTwkrgzøa

RkaledayxSac´mas edrdasedayQUkepSg> q ø Úkeday

QUksTaMgLay mankøinRkGUb CaTIKabćitþ Edlxül´bk´


pSayeTA edImRBIg xñúr etñat dUg éRB nigeQIepSg>

TaMgLay duHCitlMenAxagkñúg min:c´daMeLIy ‘vimanenaH’

swgrgMedaytUrüt®nþIepSg> KwkkgedayBYkRsIGbSr eTaHCn

NaeXIjx\úM kñúgkaryl´sbþi CnenaHÉg KgéRtkGr viman

EbbenH CaTIGs©arü KYrrmilemIl PøWeRBagRBat eday

sBVRKb´ ekIteLIgedaybuBa¦km μTaMgLayrbs´x\úM buK<lKYr

eZVInUvbuNüTaMgLay .

‘RBHGnuruTÆetærsYrza’ vimanEdlnag:nehIy eday

GnuemaTna d*brisuTÆenaHÉg CaTIGs©arü KYrrmilemIl

müägeT[t narINa :nonUvTan nagcUrR:bńUvKtirbs´

narIenaH etIeTAekItkñúgTINa .

‘eTvtaeqøIyza’ bBiRtelakd*ceRmIn RsIsMLaj

rbsx\úMNa :noCageZVImhaviharedIm|Isg¹ RsIsMLaj´

enaH ‘KWnagvisaxa’ CaRsImanZm( dwgc|as´ :noTanehIy

:neTAekItkñúgeTvelak Canńim μanrtI :nCabCabtIéneTvraC

eQ μaHsunim μ it elakm©as´sYrrknUvnarINaza narIenaHeTAekIt

kñúgTINa plénkm μrbsńarIenaH minKb|IKiteLIy .


bBiRtelakd*ceRmIn x\úM:nedaHRsay tamesckþIBit

minERbRbÜl eRBaHehtuenaH elakm©as´cUrbbYlBYkCndéT

za GñkTaMgLay cUreRtkGroTancMeBaHsg¹pg GñkTaMg

Lay cUrmancitþRCHzøa sþab´Zm(pg kar:nGtþPaBCa

mnusSEdleKkRm:nedaygay GñkTaMgLay k*:nehIy

RBHBuTÆ mansMeLgdUcRBh μ manRBHcm μadUcmas CaGZibtI

kñúgpøÚv :nsEmþgnUvTanCapøÚvNa Tk¡iNaTan ‘EdlbuK<l

oehIy’ cMeBaHsg¹Na CaTanmanpleRcIn GñkTaMgLay

cUreRtkGroTanTaMgLay‘enaH’cMeBaHsg¹ ‘enaH’cuH .l.

‘caksutþnþbidk PaK55 TMB&r91’

7>8 erOgeRbtCamataénRBHsarIbutþ RBHsasþa kalRTg´Rbzab´enAvtþevLúv&nmhavihar

RTg´R:rBÆnageRbtmatarbsRBHsarIbutþetær edayCatiTI 5

GMBIbc©úb|nñCatienH eTIbRtasKazaenH manJkücabepþIm za

nK<a TuBVNÑrU:si dUecñH .


ézámYy RBHsarIbuRt RBHmhaemaK<løan RBHGnuruTÆ

nigRBHkb|in :nenAkñúgéRBmYykEnøg minqáayBIRkúg

raCRKwH . k*sm&yenaHÉg kñúgRkúgJraNsI manRJh μN¾

mñak´ CaGñkmaMmYn manRTBüeRcIn manePaK;eRcIn dUcCa

GNþÚgTIpwksuIrbssmNRJh μN¾ mnusSkMRJ GñkeZVI

dMeNIr vNiBk nigyack :novtæúman:y Twk sMBt´

nigTIedkCaedIm nigkalnwgo rEmgbdibtþitamesckþI

eBjcitþRKbýag tamlMdab´rbskaro manTwklageCIg

nigsMBtĆUteCIgCaedIm tamkalnigtamesckþIsmrmü

dlGñkEdlmkdléhIy> . kñúgevlamunGahar :n

Gg<asPik¡úTaMgLayeday:ynigTwkCaedIm edayeKarB .

elakkalnwgeTARbeTsdéT eTIbeJlnwgPriyaza ²nag

d*ceRmIn nagkuMeZVITanviZIenH tamEdlbJ¦tþiosabsUnü

eLIy cUleTAtaMgTukedayeKarB³ . PriyaTTYlJkü

ehIy lμmsVamIeC[secjeTAbüeNÑaH k*kat´pþac´viZIEdl

bJ¦tþiTukedIm|IPik¡úTaMgLayCalMdab´dMbUg EtkalGñkdMeNIr

cUleTAedIm|IenAGaRs&y k*sEmþgsalacasÉdlecal


TukxageRkaypÞH edayJküza ²BYkelakcUrenAkñúgsala

enH³ . kalGñkdMeNIrmkkñúgTIenaH edIm|IRtÚvkar:y nig

TwkCaedIm eTIbeJlza ²cUrsuIKUz ‘lamk’ pwkmURt

‘Twkenam’ pwkelahit ‘Qam’ suIxYrrbsmataelak³

ehIyeTIbbJ©úHeQ μaHvtæúEdlminsÁat KYrex¬Im ehIy

‘esþaHTwkmat´’ eBalrwgruH .

sm&ytmk nageZVIkalkiriyaehIy EdlGanuPaB

km μe:HeTA ekItkñúgkMeNIteRbt esayTuk¡Edlsmrmü

dlvcITuc©ritrbsxøÜn RtLb´rlwkdl´esckþIsm¬&nÆKña kñúg

Catimun manesckþIR:zñanwgmkkan´sMNak´rbsRBHsarI-

butþ eTIbdlTVarvihar . eTvtaEdlsæitenARtg´TVarvihar

rbsRBHsarIbutþenaH ham‘mino’cUlvihar . :n»za

nageRbtenaH Zøab´Camatarbs´RBHezr; kñúgCatiTI 5 GMBI

bc©úb|nñCatienH . eRJHdUecñaH nageTIbeJlyagenHza

x\úMCamatarbselakm©assarIbutþetær kñúgCatiTI 5 GMBI

bc©úb|nñCati sUmelakcUrox\úMcUlTVar edIm|IeXIjRBHezr; .

eTvta:nsþab´dUcenaH eTIbGnuJ¦atonagcUleTA nag


RKacUleTAehIy:nQrkñúgTIbMputTIc®g,m sEmþgxøÜndl´

RBHezr; . RBHezr;RKa:neXIjnageRbtenaH CaGñkman

citþEdlesckþIkruNadaset]n eTIbsYredayKazaza ?

mñalRsIs<m manqÁwgCMnIrKam nagCaRsIGaRkat

manrUb mansm|úrGaRkk´éRkeBk manxøÜns<aMgs<m manxøÜn

rvamedaysrés nagCaGVImkQrenATIenH .

nageRbtenaH RtÚvRBHezr;sYr kalnwgoJkütb

eTIb:neJlKaza 5 Kaza esckþIza ?

GMBImunx\úMCamatabeg,Itrbselak kñúgCatiTaMgLay

déT> mkekItkñúgkMeNIténeRbt eBjeRb{bedayesckþI

eRskXøan briePaKTwkmat´ EdleKesþaHecal Twksem|ar

esøsμ xøajrav ‘énsaksB’ EdleKdut nigQaménRsI

TaMgLayEdlsRmalkUn nigQaméndMe¶nigRcmuH nig

k|aldac´ manesckþIeRskXøanRKbsg,t´ x\úMbriePaKnUvxÞúH

nigQamEdlCab´nwgsrIr;énRsInigburs nUvxÞúHnigQam

énbsustV nigmnusSTaMgLay x\úMminmanTIBwg minman

TIlMenA edkEtelITIsμsan dUcERK elakm©asCabutþ


sUmelakm©asoTanedIm|Ix\úM luHoehIy cUróTÞispl

dlx\úM KiteZVIdUcemþchñ@ ox\úMKb|I:nrYcGMBIkarbriePaK

nUvxÞúHnigQam .

RBHsarIbutþetær :nsþab´dUcenaHehIy kñúgézáTIBIr

eTIbehARBHezr; 3 rUb manRBHmhaemaK<løanetærCaedIm

mk RBmedayRBHezr;TaMgenaH RtacéTAbiNÐ:tkñúgRkúg

raCRKwH :neTAdl´RBHraCnievsn¾rbsRBH:TBim¬isar .

RBHraCaeXIjRBHezr;ehIy eTIbsYrdléhtuénkarmkza

elakm©as elakmkedIm|IRbeyaCn¾GVI / RBHmhaemaK<-

løan eTIb:nTUler]genaHcMeJHRBHraCa RBHraCaRtasza

ejamdwgehIy ehIyeTIblHRBHezr; bg<abóehAGmatü

GñkseRmcraCkar RTg´bJ¢aza GñkcUrsagkudi 4 xñg kñúgTI

enH EdlbribUrN¾edaymøbńigTwk d*viciRt minqáayBIRkúg

nigkñúgxagkñúgRBHraCvaMg oEbgEckCa 3 cMENk eday

manesckþIBiess RtwmEtl μmehIyoTTYlkudi 4 xñg .

nigRBHGg<Ég k*:nesþceTAkñúgTIenaH RTg´:neZVIRBHraC-

krNIykic©EdlKYreZVI . kalkudiseRmcehIy eTIbo


eRt{mBlIkm μTaMgGs cUleTAtm,l´:yTwk nigsMBt

CaedIm nigeRK}gbrik¡arRKbýäg EdlsmKYrdl´Pik¡úsg¹

EdlmkBITisTaMg 4 manRBHBuTÆCaRbZan ehIyRbKl

zVayvtæúTaMgGsenaH cMeJHRBHsarIbutþetær . lMdabénaH

RBHezr; :nzVayvtæúTaMgGsénaH cMeJHPik¡úsg¹EdlmkBI

TisTaMg 4 manRBHBuTÆCaRbZan óTÞisdlnageRbtenaH .

nageRbtenaH :nGnuemaTnacMENkbuNüenaHehIy ekIt

kñúgeTvelak CaGñkRBmedayvtæúEdlKYrR:zñaRKbýag

kñúgézátmk k*:ncUleTArkRBHmhaemaK<løanetær zVaybgM<

ehIyQr . RBHezr;saksYrnageRbtenaH . nageRbt

enaH :neBalehtuEdlxøÜncUldlPaBCaeRbt nigcUl

dlPaBCaeTvtaeT[t. edayehtuenaH elakeTIbeJlza?

RBHGK<sav&k mannamza óbtisS; luH:nsþab´

BaküénnageRbt CamataehIy mancitþRbkbedaykruNa

:nehARBHemaK<løan 1 RBHGnuruTÆ 1 RBHkb|in 1 oeZVI

nUvkudiTaMgLay 4 xñg ehIyevrkudipg o:ynigTwkpg

cMeJHRBHsg¹EdlmkGMBITisTaMg 4 ehIyóTÞisTk¡iNa-


Tan dl´mata . vi:kk*ekIteLIgkñúglMdabÉdlóTÞisehIy

ePaCnahar Twkpwk nigsMBt´ ‘k*ekIteLIg’ enHCapl

énTk¡iNaTan lMdabénaH ‘RsIenaH manragkay’ sÁat man

sMBtésø{kBak´sÁat:t RTRTgńUvsMBt´d*ótþmCagsMBt´

EdlekItkñúgEdnkasI maneRK}gvtæaPrN;d*viciRt :ncUl

eTArkRBHekalit; .

lMdabénaH RBHmhaemaK<løan sYrnageRbtenaHza?

mñalnageTvZIta nagmansm|úrlÁ mkQrenA ‘TIenH’

PøWsVagTUeTAsBVTisTaMgLay dUcCap,ayRBwk Ésm|úr

®:dkdUecñaH ekIteLIgdlnag edayehtudUcemþc plén

sucrit seRmcdlńagkñúgTIenH edayehtudUcemþc :nCa

ePaK;NanImYy EdlCaTIeBjcitþ ekIteLIgdlnag .

mñalnageTvZIta manGanuPaBeRcIn eyIgsUmsYrnag

nagkalekItCamnusS etI:neZVIbuNüdUcemþc nagCa

eTvZIta manGanuPaBPøWepøkyagenH TaMgsm|úrnag k*PøW

sBVTis edaybuBa¦km μdUcemþc .


lMdabénaH nageRbteTIbtbedayn&ymanCaedImza

GMBImun x\úMCamatarbsRBHsarIbutþ . JküEdlenAsl´

mann&ydUceJlehIynu@HÉg .

lMdabénaH RBHmhaemaK<løanetær :nRkabTUl

er]genaH cMeJHRBHmanRBHPaK . RBHmanRBHPaK

RTgéZVIer]genaHoCaGtæúb|tþiehtuehIy RTg´sEmþgZm(dl

bris&TEdlcUldlRBmehIy . eTsnaenaH :nman

RbeyaCn¾dlmhaCn dUecñaHÉg .

cb´ er]geRbt CamataénRBHsarIbutþ .

‘cakGdðkza brmtæTIbnI’

7>9 karGnuemaTnabuNüCakarRbedAcitþmYyEpñk karGnuemaTnanUvbuNükusl EdlGñkdéT:neZVI

ß:nCUn k*CakarRbedAcitþmYyEpñk kMuocitþrwgrUs Rbkan´

Tidði manHelIkkMBs´xøÜn EteZVIocitþTn´Pøn´ sáb´sáat´

kMcat´karRbkan´xøÜn eXIjbuNükusl CaZMCagRTBü

sm|tþi masR:k´ kñúgelak RbedATUn μancitþos<al´témø


énesckIþlÁ ecHRCHzøakñúgbuNükusl rbs´GñkdéT

eXIjGñkdéT manesckIþlÁepSg>za CaGñkmanKuN KW

manKuNcMeJHxøÜneyIgpg cMeJHGñkdéTeRcInpg cMeJH

sasnapg kalEdlGñkdéTenaH CaGñkmansTÆa

mansIl mancaK;CaedIm RtÚvTUn μancitþoecHdwgKuN

GñkdéT kMubMePøc kMulubbM:técalnUvKuN KWesckIþlÁ

rbs´GñkdéT eRJHehtuenaH citþRtÚvEtyl´dl´GMeBIlÁ

RKbýäg edayminRbkan´#kJecIgemuIg eq μ Igéq μ emIl-

gay ßxwgeRkaZCamYyGñkdéTeLIy mnusSlÁmñak´ Gac

okarrsénA nigesckIþsuxdl´GñkdéTeRcInnakŃas´

kñúgmYyézá> dUecñH KYrRbmUlmnusSlÁTaMgenaH omk

CaxøÜneyIgEtmñak´ edaykarGnuemaTnaRCHzøa eRtkGrnUv

GMeBIlÁ EdlGñkdéTman CYnkalGMeBIlÁenaH eyIg

minGaceZIV:npg etIKYrrwgrUs xwgRbEkkeQøaH ßk*RtÚv

RbedAcitþosøÚt ehIyRCHzøaTTYlyknUvbuNü eday

karGnuemaTnavij ? müägvijeT[t ebIeyIgsMLwgemIl

KuN KW esckIþlÁrbs´GñkdéT ehIyotémøyägézøBit>


rEmgkMcatńUvcitþGaRkk´rbséyIg mankaremIlgayGñk

déT edayGagRTBüsm|tþi vgSRtkUlCaedImeT[tpg .

8-Fm μsSvnmy³ Zm μsSvn sEmþgvcntæ;za ?

²Zm μ M suNnþi Éetnati Zm μsSvnM³ Cn

TaMgLay rEmgsþab´Zm(edayZm μCatienaH dUecñaH Zm μCati

EdlCaehtuénkarsþabénaH eQ μaHza Zm μsSvn; :ndl´

ectnaenAkñúgmhakuslcitþúb|aT Edlmaneyaniesa-

mnsikar;CaRbZan .

mYyeT[t karsþab´Zm(enH k*man 2 Rbkar KW kar

sþab´Zm( EdlGñksþab´:nR:rBÆeLIgxagkñúgcitþza kal

eyIg:nsþab´Zm(er]y>ehIy CnTaMgLaynwgdwgza

eyIgCaGñkmansTÆa k*naMKñasresIr eXIjza eyIgenH

CaGñkmancitþKMnitlÁ mansTÆaBit karsþab´Zm(yägenH

¥


rEmgmanpl manGanisgStic . sRmab´karsþab´Zm(

EdlmankarR:rBÆkñúgcitþza karsþab´Zm(enaH CaesckIþlÁ

eZVIocitþTn´Pøn´ R:zñaRbeyaCn¾ maneyaniesamn-

sikarza enHCaó:yo:nbMeBjRbeyaCn¾xøÜn nig

RbeyaCn¾GñkdéT BitR:kd enHCabuJ¦kiriyavtæúEdl

seRmcedaykarsþab´Zm(ç naMomanstibJ¦a dwg:b

dwgbuNü KuNeTas RbeyaCn¾ minEmnRbeyaCn¾

eZIVocitþsb|ayrIkray zøabrisuTÆ manectnakruNa

cMeJHGñksEmþg GñkbeRg{n e:HbgécalnUvkarTmøab´

EdlCaeTas minEmnRbeyaCn¾ecj:n karsþab´Zm(

EdlmankarR:rBÆyägenH CakarsþabÉdlmanpleRcIn

manGanisgSeRcIn catĆaZm μsSvnkuslyägBitR:kd

smdUcRBHmhaBuTÆeXasacarü sEmþgTukkñúgGdðsalinI

Gdðkzaza ?

²Éeka suNenþa «ti mM seTÆati CanisSnþ Iti suNatiç tM n mhbölM . Éeka ÉvM em mhbölM PvisStIti hitpreNn muTucietþn Zm μ M


suNatiç «TM svnmyM buJ¦kiriyavtæ ú nam³ . GñkNamYysþab´Zm( edayR:rBÆza CnTaMgLay rEmg

cUlcitþcMeJHeyIgza eyIgenHeBjcitþkarsþab´Zm( Ca

GñkmansTÆaBit karsþab´Zm(EdlmankarR:rBÆdUecñH

rEmgmanpltic . GñkNamYysþab´Zm( edayR:rBÆza

²karsþab´Zm(enH nwgmanpleRcIn manGanisgSeRcIn

dléyIg nigCaRbeyaCn¾d*ZMTUlaydléyIg citþKMnit

eyIgk*Tn´Pøn´ manectnaTUlay ßmancitþlÁcMeJHGñk

sEmþg karsþab´Zm( EdlmankarR:rBÆRBmedayGakar

rbsćitþ k*dUecñH karsþab´Zm(yägenH :neQ μaHza

buJ¦kiriyavtæú EdlCaZm μsSvnmy; BitEmn .

8>1 karsþab;Fm’tamkalCamgÁl bT:lIza kaeln Zm μsSvnM karsþabńUvZm(tam

kalCamg<ld*ótþm eRJH:lIza ?

kaeln Zm μsSvnM nam ys μ w kael óTÆc©shKtM citþ M ehati kamvitk,aTInM va


GJ¦tern GPiPUtM ts μ w kael etsM vienaTntæM Zm μsSvnM ; karsþabńUvZm(tamkal edIm|IRbeyaCn¾

dl´kiriyabenÞabgńUvkamvitk,;TaMgLayenaH citþEdl

RbRBwtþeTAmYyGenøIedayesckIþraymay mankñúgkal

ÉNa Edlvitk,;TaMgLay mankamvitk,;CaedImNamYy

RKbsg,téhIy kñúgkalenaH :nsþab´Zm(mþgm,al

nwgbenÞabgńUvkamvitk,;CaedIm:n eQ μaHza kaeln Zm μsSvnM .

bT:lIza kamb|disMyuetþa vitek,a kam-vitek,a ; esckIþRtiHriHRbkbRBmcMeJHehIyedaykam

eQ μaHza kamvitk,;ç Büa:Tb|disMyuetþa vitek,a Büa:Tvitek,a esckIþRtiHriHRbkbRBmcMeJHehIyeday

Büa:T eQ μaHza Büa:Tvitk,;ç vihwsabdisMyuetþa vitek,a vihwsavitek,a ; vitk,;KWesckIþRtiHriHRbkb

edayesckIþeb[teb[nstV eQ μaHza vihwsavitk,; .

kñúgBaküenHza kamb|disMyutþ kamTaMgLay 2


yägKW vtæúkam 1 kielskam 1 . bNþakamTaMg 2

yägenaH Kb|IRbkbesckþIza esckIþRtiHriHEdlRbkb

RBmedaykamTaMgLay edayGMNackiriyaeZVIoCa

Garm μN¾ kñúgEpñkénvtæúkam ‘catĆavtæúkamvitk,’ç büEnþkñúg

Epñkénkielskam esckIþRtiHriHEdlRbkbRBmedaykam

edayGMNackarmkCYbRbTH ‘catĆakielskamvitk,’ .

eRJHehtuenaHehIy :nCaRBHsBVJ¦ÚBuTÆ RTg´Rtas

bg<abósþab´Zm(tamkal CaehtuminoZøúHZøaysik¡abT

NamYypg eZVIcitþoeLIgkan´GriyZm(d*RbesIrpg .

karsþab´Zm(tamkal KW bJ©mI GdðmI catuTÞsI

buNÑmICaedIm . mYyeT[t buK<lcUleTArkklüaNmiiRt

TaMgLay ehIyGacedIm|Inwgsþab´Zm( EdlbenÞabg´kar

sgS&yrbs´xøÜnecj:n kñúgkalNaç karsþab´Zm(

sUm|IkñúgkalenaH Kb|IRCabza karsþab´Zm(tamkal .

cMENkkúñgGdðkza KilansURt kñúgtikani:t

Gg<útþrnikay elakeBalza ²karsEmþgZm( RBHman

RBHPaK RTg´GnuJ¦atehIy 1 Ex 8 dg³ .


eQ μaHza var; 8 kúñgGdðkzaKilansURtenaH

:ndl´ ézáénbktióe:sz 8 ézá KW kñúgCuNØbk¡

‘xagexñIt’ 4 ézá KW ézáTI 5 ézáTI 8 ézáTI 14 ézáTI 15ç

ÉkñúgkaLbk¡ ‘xagrenac’ k*dUecñaHEdr KW ézáTI 5 ézáTI

8 ézáTI 14 ézáExdac´ .

sYrza tizITI 5 min:nmkkñúg:lITaMgBYg

minEmnß / . eq ø Iyza BitEmn . EttizITI 5 enaH

RBHZm μsg<ahkacarüTaMgLay :ntaMgTukehIy .

eRBaHehtuenaH karsþab´Zm( sUm|IkñúgézáTaMgLay

8 énEx k*eQ μaHza karsþab´Zm(tamkal dUecñH .

karsþab´Zm(tamkaln@uHÉg Camg<ld*RbesIr eRJH

ehtuénkiriya:nnUvKuNd*viess manRbkarepSg> man

lHbgńUvnIvrN;pg :nnUvGanisgS 4 yägpg o:n

seRmckiriyaGséTAénGasv;kielsCaedImpg .

smdUcRBHtRmas´ EdlRBHmanRBHPaK RTg´Rtas´

za ²mñalPik¡úTaMgLay kñúgsm&yNa RBHGriysav&k

eZIVxøÜnoRbkbedayRbeyaCn¾ eZVITukkñúgcitþ kMNtéday


citþTaMgBYg epÞ{gesat;caMsþab´Zm(ç kñúgsm&yenaH

nIvrN;Zm(TaMg 5 rEmgminmandl´RBHGriysav&kenHç

kñúgsm&yenaHeJCÄg< 7 rEmgdl´nUvkarceRmIneBj

bribUrN¾ .

RBHBuTÆCam©as´sEmþgTukkñúgctuk,g<útþr bJ©mvK<

eQ μaHesatanuKtsURtza esatanuKtanM Pik¡ev Zm μanM vcsa bricitanM mñalPik¡úTaMgLay KWPik¡úsnSMehIy

edayJküénZm(TaMgLay EdlRbRBwtþeTAtampøÚvjaN

énRtec[k mnsanuebk¡itanM KWPik¡úemIlehIyedaycitþ

cak´ZøúHcMeJHedaybJ¦a KW Tidðid*lÁ .

8>2 GanisgSTaMgLay 4 Rbkar énFm’EdlcUleTAkan;RtecokerOy²

‘sutþnþbidk Gg<útþrnikay elx43 TMB&r107’

mñalPik¡úTaMgLay Pik¡úkñúgsasnaenH er[nnUvZm( KW

sutþ; eKyü; evyüakrN; Kaza óTan; «tivutþk; Catk;

GBÖútZm μ; evTlø; Zm(TaMgenaH CasPav;cUleTAkan´


Rtec[ker]y>énPik¡úenaH Edl:ncaMsÞat´rt´mat´ cUlcitþ

c|as´las´ cak´ZøúHedayTidði:n . Pik¡úenaH ePøcs μartI

eZVImrNkaleTA rEmgcUleTAkan´eTvnikayNamYy .

cMENkZm(TaMgLay rEmgR:kdc|as´dl´Pik¡úenaH Edl

manesckIþsuxkñúgeTvnikayenaH . mñalPik¡úTaMgLay kar

ekIteLIgénsti eQ μaHza CakaryWtyUr 6 ÉstVenaH

evladl´nUvKuNviess k*qab´rh&sCagstienaH .

mñalPik¡úTaMgLay enH CaGanisgSTI1 énZm(Edl

cUleTAkan´Rtec[ker]y> Edl:ncaMsÞat´rt´mat´ cUl

citþc|as´las´ cak´ZøúHedayTidði:n rEmgekItR:kd .

mñalPik¡úTaMgLay mYyeT[t Pik¡úer[nnUvZm( KW sutþ;

eKyü; evyüakrN; Kaza óTan; «tivutþk; Catk;

GBÖútZm μ; evTlø; Zm(TaMgenaH CasPav; cUleTAkan


6 s μartIEdlekIteLIgmYyePøc TukCayWtyUr ÉstVEdlmanGanisgSFm’ kñúgxøÜn evlanwgseRmcmKÁpl)an qab;Cags μartImYyePøtenaHÉg .


c|as´las´ cak´ZøúHedayTidði:n . Pik¡úenaHePøcs μartI

eZVImrNkaleTA rEmgcUleTAkanéTvnikayNamYy .

cMENkénZm(TaMgLay rEmgminsUvR:kdc|as´dl´Pik¡ú

enaH EdlmanesckIþsuxkñúgeTvnikayenaH . büEnþ CaGñk

man#TÆi dlńUvesckIþsÞatĆMnajxagpøÚvcitþ sEmþgZm(

dléTvbris&T:n . eTvtaenaH manesckIþRtiHriHyäg

enHza Gat μaGj :nRbRBwtþRBh μcriy;GMBImun kñúgZm μ

vin&yNa enHKWZm μvin&yenaHÉg .

mñalPik¡úTaMgLay karekIteLIgénsti eQ μaHza

CakaryWtyUr stVenaHdlńUvKuNviess k*qab´rh&s

CagstienaH . mñalPik¡úTaMgLay eRb{bdUcbursCaGñk

Qøasév xagsMeLgs<r bursenaH edIreTAkan´pøÚvq áay

:n»sMeLgs<r bursenaH k*minmanesckIþsgS&y ß

eg]gq álńwgsMeLgs<renaHza sMeLgs<rEmn ßminEmn

sMeLgs<reT dUecñHeLIy bursenaH Kb|IdlńUvesckIþ

cUlcitþza sMeLgs<r edayBit manóbmayägNa mñal

Pik¡úTaMgLay Pik¡úer[nnUvZm( k*manóbemyüdUecñaHEdr


.eb. CaGñkdlńUvKuNviessqab´rh&s . mñalPik¡ú

TaMgLay enHCaGanisgSTI 2 énZm(EdlcUleTAkan´

Rtec[ker]y> EdlbuK<lcaMsÞat´rt´mat´ cUlcitþc|as´

las´ cak´ZøúHedayTidði rEmgekItR:kd .



GBÖútZm μ; evTlø; Zm(TaMgenaH CasPav; cUleTAkan


c|as´las´ cak´ZøúHedayTidði:n . Pik¡úenaH ePøcs μartIeZVI

mrNkaleTA rEmgcUleTAkanéTvnikayNamYy .

cMENkénZm(TaMgLay minR:kdc|as´dl´Pik¡úenaH Edl

manesckIþsuxkñúgeTvnikayenaHeLIy TaMgminEmnCaPik¡ú

man#TÆi dlńUvesckIþsÞatĆMnajxagpøÚvcitþ ehIysEmþg

Zm(dl´bris&T:neLIy .

RKanÉtza eTvbutþGacsEmþgZm( dl´bris&T:n

büeNÑaH . eTvbutþenaH manesckIþRtiHriHyägenHza Gat μa

Gj:nRbRBwtþRBh μcriy;GMBImun kñúgZm μvin&yNaenH KW


Zm μvin&yenaHÉg .

mñalPik¡úTaMgLay karekIteLIgénsti eQ μaHza

CakaryWtyUr stVenaHdlńUvKuNviess k*qab´rh&s

CagstienaH . mñalPik¡úTaMgLay eRb{bdUcbursCaGñk

Qøasév nwgsMeLgs&&g¡ bursenaH edIreTAkan´pøÚvq áay

:n»sMeLgs&g¡ bursenaH k*minmanesckIþsgS&y ß

eg]gq álńwgsMeLgs&g¡enaHza sMeLgs&g¡Emn ßminEmn

sMeLgs&g¡eT bursenaH Kb|IdlńUvesckIþcUlcitþza

CasMeLgs&g¡edayBit manóbmayägNa mñalPik¡ú

TaMgLay Pik¡úer[nnUvZm( k*manóbemyüdUecñaHEdr .eb.

CaGñkdlńUvKuNviessqab´rh&s .

mñalPik¡úTaMgLay enHCaGanisgSTI 3 énZm(Edl

cUleTAkan´Rtec[ker]y> EdlbuK<lcaMsÞat´rt´matćUl

citþc|as´lasćak´ZøúHedayTidði rEmgekItR:kd .



GBÖútZm μ; evTlø; Zm(TaMgenaH CasPav;cUleTAkan´


Rtec[ker]y>énPik¡úenaH Edl:ncaMsÞat´rt´matćUlcitþ

c|as´lasćak´ZøúHedayTidði . Pik¡úenaH k*ePøcs μartIeZVI

mrNkaleTA rEmgcUleTAkanéTvnikayNamYy .

cMENkénZm(TaMgLay minR:kdc|as´dl´Pik¡úenaH Edl

manesckIþsuxkñúgeTvnikayenaH TaMgminEmnCaPik¡úman#TÆi

dlńUvesckIþsÞatĆMnajxagpøÚvcitþ ehIysEmþgZm(dl´

bris&T:neLIy .

TaMgminEmnCaeTvbutþ GacsEmþgZm(dléTvbris&T

:neT . Etza ebImanOb:tikstV rMlwknUvOb:tik

stVza mñalKñaeyIg BYkeyIg:nRbRBwtþRBh μcriy;GMBI

munkñúgZm μvin&yNa Gñkrlwk:nnUvZm μvin&yenaHEdrß .

eTvbutþenaH k*niyayyägenHza mñalKñaeyIg eyIg

rlwk:n mñalKñaeyIg eyIgrlwk:n . mñalPik¡úTaMg

Lay karekIteLIgénsti eQ μaHza CakaryWtyUr stV

enaHdlńUvKuNviess k*qab´rh&sCagstienaH .

mñalPik¡úTaMgLay eRb{bdUcsmøaj´BIrnak´ elg

Gacm¾dICamYyKña smøaj´TaMgBIrnakénaH mkCYbKñakñúg


TINamþg> smøaj´mñak´k*niyayeTAnwgsmøaj´mñakénaH

yägenHza Ensmøaj´ Égrlwk:nnUvehtuenHeT .

smøajénaH Kb|ItbyägenHza Ensmøaj´ Gjrlwk :n

Ensmøaj´ Gjrlwk:n manóbmayägNa mñalPik¡ú

TaMgLay Pik¡úer[nnUvZm( k*manóbemyüdUecñaHEdr .eb.

CaGñkdlńUvKuNviessqab´rh&s .

mñalPik¡úTaMgLay enHCaGanisgSTI 4 énZm(Edl



mñalPik¡úTaMgLay GanisgSTaMg 4 enH énZm(Edl



GdækfaesatanuKtsURt

bTza esatanuKtanM manesckþIza EdlPik¡úepÞ{g

esatb|saTcuHehIy kMNtédayesat; KWjaN .

BIrbTza GanisMsa :dikg¡a manesckþIza

KuNanisgSEdlPik¡úenaH Kb|Isg¹wm:n .


BIrbTza Zm μ M briyabuNati manesckþIza

rEmgsikSaZm(EdlCaEbbEpn CaBaküeRb{nRbedArbs´

RBHsasþa manGg< 9 mansutþ; eKyü; CaedIm .

bTza esatnuKta :ndl´ eTAtamRtec[k KW

cUlkan´Rtec[k . bTza mnsanuebk¡ita ERbza RtÜt

emIledaycitþ .

Jküza cak´ZøúHedaybJ¦a bT:lIza Tidðiya subdiviTÆati Gtæeta c karNeta c bJ¦ay sudðú bdiviTÆa bc©k¡Ikta ; KWbuK<lcak´ZøúHedayRbéB KWbuK<l

eZVIoCakć|aséhIyedaybJ¦a tamGtæpg tamehtupg

eQ μaHza Tidðiya subdiviTÆa . Jküza mudðsSti kalM kurumaena enH RBHman

RBHPaK RTg´RtaséhIy eRJHPav;CaGñkminmansti

CaeRK}gnwkrlwknUvRBHBuTÆvcn; k*eTEdrç EtRBHGg<RTg´

Rtas´sMedAykkalkiriyarbs´buzuC¢n . EmnBit buzuC¢n

eQ μaHza CaGñkePøcPøaMgsti eZVImrNkal .


bTza óbbC¢ti manesckIþza sæitenAkñúgsIl

d*brisuTÆ rEmgeTAekItenAkñúgeTvelak .

bTza Zm μbTabilbniþ manesckIþza Zm(KW

BuTÆvcn;ÉNa EdlePøcPøaMgedaykarTenÞj KWmin:n

caMrt´mat´kñúgkalmun rbs´Pik¡úGñkmanesckIþsux CaGñk

ekItehIykñúgPBCaTIbMputç Zm( KWBuTÆvcn;TaMgGsénaH

rEmgR:kdc|as´ KW rEmgCakć|as´ :ndl´ R:kd

yägc|as´las´ dUcCaRsemalkñúgkJ©k´d*PøWzøa .

Jküza TenÆa Pik¡ev stub|aeTa manesckIþza

karekIteLIgénsti CaeRK}grlwkdl´RBHBuTÆvcn;enaHÉg

yWtyUr KWZán´ . Jküza Gz esa seta xib|Meyv viessKamI ehati manesckþIza rEmgCaGñkeTAdl´

RBHniBVan . Jküza «TÆima ecetavsib|etþa manesckþI

za RBHxINaRsBGñkdl´RBmeday#TÆi dlńUvPaBCaGñk

sÞatĆMnajéncitþ .l.


karsþabZm( rEmgCaehtuo:nseRmcnUvGanisgS

4 Rbkar edayRbkardUecñaH . k*CnTaMgLay luH:n

sþab´Zm(ehIy k*seRmcZm(CaTIGséTAénGasv; KNna

Rtarab´BuM:n . eRBaHehtuenaH GñkNamYy k*minKYrCa

Gñkx¢ilsþab´Zm(eLIy .

8>3 Fm μsSvnkfa kukáúdIvtßú manesckIþdMNalza kñúgkalénRBHBuTÆRTg´RBH-

namza kkusnÆ manemman´mYy enACitGasn;sala .

emmanénaH :nsþabńUvsMeLgsUZüRBHZm( rbs´

Pik¡úGñkceRmInvibsSnamYyGg< kMBugEtsVayZüaynUv

vibsSnakm μdðan eTIbkMNtýknimitþkñúgsMeLgza ²Zem μa

Éesa n@uHCaZm(³ dUecñH RtÚvstVEkøg 1 smøabćüútehIy

:nekItCaraCZIta RBHnamza óBVrI bYsehIykñúg

sMNak´énnagbriBVaCikaTaMgLay . kñúgkaleRkaymk

nagcUleTAkan´vc©kudi eXIjhVÚgdg,Úv ehIyk*:njúaMg

buLúvksJ¦aoekIteLIg :nseRmcbfmQanehIy


luHcüútcakGtþPaBenaH eTAekItkñúgRBh μelakç cüútcak

RBh μelakenaHehIy k*:nekItkñúgRtkUlesdðIç minyUr

bün μan k*:ncüúti ehIyeTAekItCakUnRCÚkjI kñúgnKr

raCRKwH kñúgBuTÆb|aTenH .

RBHsasþa RTg´TtRBHenRteXIjstVRCÚkjIenaH

ehIy RTgéZVInUvkarjjwm RtÚvRBHmhaGannÞ RkabTUl

sYrehIy RTg´Rtas´sEmþger]gra¨vTaMgGs´ RTg´Rtas´

sEmþgnUvKaza kñúgtNØavK<énZm μbTza ²yzabi mUel GnubTÞev TeLØ ÇÇÇ³ dUecñHCaedIm .

cMENkemRCÚkenaH cüútGMBIGtþPaBenaHehIy ekIt

CaraCZItakñúgsuvNÑPUmi cüútGMBIenaHehIy :neTAekIt

kñúgRsúkeQ μaHvnvasIç cüútGMBIenaHehIy :neTAekItkñúg

RkúgJraNsIç cüútGMBIenaHehIy :neTAekItCaZIta

rbs´GñklkésH Ek|rkMBgéQ μaHsub|ark;ç cüútGMBIenaH

ehIy :neTAekItCaZItarbsńaynava Ek|rkMBgéQ μaH

kavIrç TI 10 cüútGMBIenaHehIy :neTAekItCaZIta én

«sSrCn kñúgGnuraZburIç cüútGMBIenaHehIy :neTAekIt


CaZItarbs´sumnkudum¬Ik¾ eQ μaHza nagsumna kñúgRsúk

ePk,nþRKamkñúgTisTkSiN énGnuraZburIn@uHÉg .

nagsumna :nekIt 12 Cati taMgBIGtþPaBCa

emman´ rhUtdl´manGtþPaBCaZItarbs´kudum¬Ik¾ eday

RbkardUecñH . kñúgkaleRkaymk nageTAkan´pÞHrbs´

mhamatü eQ μaHza lkuNþkGtiGm¬r; énRBHraCaRTg´

RBHnamTudðKamiNI . kñúgRKaenaH RBHmhaGtuletær;

enAkñúgekadibBVtmhavihar nimnþeTAbiNÐ:tkñúgRsúkenaH

eXIjnagehIy ehAPik¡úTaMgLay mkR:b´za ²mñal

elakd*manGayu kUnRCÚkem ekItehIy:ndl´nUvPaB

CaPriyarbs´mhaGmatüç er]genaHGs©arüEmnhñ@ !³

nag:nsþab´JküenaH dwgnUvGtþPaBkñúgGtIt; rbs´xøÜn

:nedayjaNCaeRK}grlwkCati k*ekItesckIþsegVK

tk´søút :nsMusVamIbYskñúgsMNak´énBYknagPik¡únI :n

sþab´stib|dðansURt kñúgtisSmhaviharehIy :n

seRmcCaesatabnñ kñúgkaleRkaymk :nsþab´nUv

GasIvisUbmsURt kñúgkløkmhavihar k*:nseRmc


nUvRBHGrhtþ .

ÉvM Zm μsSvnM sm μaPavitM GrhtþM :ebti buK<lsþab´Zm( KWceRmInedayRbéB júaMgbuK<lenaH

o:nseRmcRBHGrhtþyägenH EtgGséTAnUvGasv;

tamlMdab´ . ‘mg<ltæTIbnI 4 ¼ 48-82’

9-Fm μeTsnamy³ Zm μeTsna manvcntæ;za ?

Zm μ M eTesnþi Étayati × Zm μeTsna ; CnTaMgLay rEmgsEmþg rEmgbeRg{nZm( edayZm μCati

enaH dUecñaH Zm μCatiEdlCaehtuénkarsEmþg beRg{nZm(

eQ μaHza Zm μeTsnaç :ndl´ ectnaenAkñúgmhakusl-

citþúb|aT EdlmaneyaniesamnsikarCaRbZan .

karbeRg{n karsEmþgviC¢aGaCIBepSg> Edl

minmaneTas k*catĆaZm μeTsnakusl:ndUcKña dUecñaH

6


elakviPavinIdIkacarü eTIb:nsEmþgTukza nirvC¢viC¢aTi-óbTisSnectnabi Éetæv sg<hM Kcäti ; ectna

EdlCaehtuénkarcgÁúlbgØajENnaMviC¢aepSg> Edlmin

maneTas k*se®g<aHcUlkñúgZm μeTsna enH :ndUcKña .

9>1 GanisgSFm μeTsnakusl brmtæTIbnI GdðkzaxuTÞknikay «tivutþk; za Pik¡ú

kalminR:zñakarsÞat´CMnajkñúgZm(edIm|IxøÜn sEmþgZm(

dl´GñkdéT edayGZüaRs&yeBjeTAedaykarGnueRKaH

enHeQ μaHza buJ¦kiriyavtæú seRmcedaykarsEmþgZm( .

Etza kalEdlPik¡úmYyrUbtaMgesckþIR:zñaTukza Cn

TaMgLaynwgdwgza eyIgCaZm μkzikedayviZIy¨agenH

ehIyGaRs&ylaPsk,ar; nigesckþIsresIr ‘sielak’

sEmþgZm(minmanpleRcIneLIy .

cMENkkúñgbrmtæeCatik; za ?

Zm μeTsna EdlmanGanisgSeRcInenaH KW Gñk

sEmþgZm( edaycitþbrisuTÆ eJlKW minR:zñalaP


sk,ar; ys esckþIsresIreT R:zñaEt oGñksþab´

:nTTYlRbeyaCn¾EtbüeNÑaH karsEmþgZm(yägenH

catĆaZm μeTsnakuslBit nig manGanisgSeRcIn .

Zm μeTsna EdlmanGanisgSticenaH KW Gñk

sEmþgZm( edaycitþminbrisuTÆ rvlÉtR:zñaenAkñúger]g

laP sk,ar; ys esckþIsresIr TaMgcitþk*KitedIm|I

oCnTaMgLay:ndwgza xøÜnenHCaRBHZm μkzik RKÚGacarü

karsEmþgZm(yägenH catĆaZm μeTsnakusl Edl

minBit minRtwmRtÚv nigmanGanisgS k*tic .

mYyeT[t GñkEdlsEmþgZm( edaycitþEdlmin

brisuTÆenH kalkMBugsEmþg RbsinebImancitþbrisuTÆ

ekIteLIg:nmYyxN;> eJlKW minR:zñalaP sk,ar;

ys esckþIsresIreT R:zñaEtoGñksþab´:nTTYl

RbeyaCn¾EtbüeNÑaH dUecñaH karsEmþgZm(kñúgxN;enaH

k*CaZm μeTsnakuslBit RtwmRtÚv nigmanGanisgS

:ndUcKña .


dUcEdlRBHmhaBuTÆeXasacarü :nsEmþgTuk kñúg

GdðsalinI Gdðkza za ?

Éeka ÉvM mM Zm μkziekati CanisSnþIti «cäay ftVa laPKrueka hutVa eTestiç tM n mhbölM GñkNamYysEmþgZm(edaycitþminbrisuTÆ edayR:rBÆ

kñúgcitþza CnTaMgLaynwg:ndwgeyIgenH CaZm μkzik

TaMgR:zñakñúglaP karsEmþgZm(yägenH rEmgmanpl

manGanisgSticmineRcIn .

²Éeka Gt þena bKuNM Zm μ M Gb|c©aswsmaena vimut þaytnsIesn bersM eTesti «TM eTsnamyM buJ¦kiriyavtæú nam³ GñkNamYysEmþgZm(dlĆnTaMg

Lay edayesckIþdwg esckIþCMnajrbs´xøÜn edaymin

mankarR:zñakñúglaPyägNaeT R:zñaEtnwgoseRmc

GrhtþplEtmüäg karsEmþgZm(yägenH :neQ μaHza

buJ¦kiriyavtúæ EdlseRmcedayZm μeTsnakusl .


9>2 Fm μTan edaybT:lIza ²«eZkec©a Gmtb|tþib|dibTM

keztVa eTti «TM Zm μTanM nam . buK<lxøHkñúg

elakenH sEmþgR:bńUvbdibTa CaehtudlńUvRBHniBVan

eQ μaHza Gmt; EtgonUvTanenH eQ μaHza Zm μTan

²Gmtb|tþiehtuPUtM sm μabdibTM³ nUvbdibTaeday

RbéB CaehtuoekIteLIgénkiriyadlńUvRBHniBVan eQ μaH

za Gmt; CaeQ μaH Zm μTan .

²«eZkec©a «em Zm μa kusla «em Zm μa Gkusla³ buK<lBYkxøHkñúgsasnaenH EbgEckZm(

Cakusl nig Gkusl R:b´za Zm(TaMgLayenH Ca

kusl Zm(TaMgLayenH CaGkusl eQ μaHza Zm μTan .

«em Zm μa savC¢a Zm(TaMgLayenH RbRBwtþeTA

maneTasç «em Zm μa GnvC¢a Zm(TaMgLayenH

RbRBwtþeTAminmaneTasç «em viJ¦úKrhita Zm(TaMg

LayenH KW bNÐitKb|ItiHed[lç «em viJ¦úb|stæa


Zm(TaMgLayenH KW bNÐitKb|IsresIrç «TM sixb|tþM Zm μTanM nam Zm μTanenH eQ μaHza CakMBUlç

²«Z elakbrelakTuk¡k¡ysuxavhnsS bn sm μasm¬úTÆb|evTitsS Zm μsS bersM hitkamtay eTsna Zm μTanM³ cMENkeTsnanUvZm(KW RBHsm μa-

sm¬úTÆ Rtas´dwgehIy CaehtunaMmknUvRbeyaCn¾ nig

esckIþsux CaeRK}gGs´eTAénTuk¡ kñúgelakenHpg kñúg

elakxagmuxenaHpg dl´xøÜnpg dl´GñkdéTpg smdUc

Kaza EdlRBHGg<RTg´sEmþgcMeJHsk,eTvraC Caesþc

éneTvta .

sBVTanM Fm μTanM Cínati sBVrsM Fm μresa Cínati sBVrtw Fm μrti Cínati tNðkçeya sBVTukçM Cínati .

Zm μTanQñHTanTaMgBYgç Zm μrs QñHrsTaMgBYgç

esckIþeRtkGrkñúgZm( QñHesckIþeRtkGrTaMgBYg

kiriyaGs´eTAéntNØa QñHTuk¡TaMgBYg .


GdækfaFm μbTfa ³ bTza sBVTanM CaedIm esckIþ

za ²k*RbsinebI buK<lKb|IzVayéRtcIvr dl´RBHBuTÆ

RBHbec©kBuTÆ nigRBHxINaRsBTaMgLay Edl:nKg´

Cab´>Kña kñúgépÞcRkvaL rhUtdl´RBh μelak . Ékiriya

GnuemaTna EdlRBHBuTÆCaedImRTg´:neZVIehIy Edl

RbkbedayRBHKaza man:T 4 kñúgsmaKmenaHÉg

RbesIrbMput . eRJHza TanenaH rEmgmindlńUvtémø

nUvcMENkTI 16 énRBHKazaenaHeT . karsEmþgkIþ kar

R:b´kIþ karbeRg{n karsþab´kIþ nUvZm( CaZm μCati

manpleRcInyäg dUecñH .

mYyeT[t buK<lÉNamYyoeKeZVIkarsþab´Zm(enaHç

GanisgSd*eRcIn rEmgmandl´buK<lenaHBit . Zm μTan

EdlRBHBuTÆCaedIm RTg´:noRbRBwtþeTAehIy sUm|I

edayGMNacGnuemaTna edayehaceTA edayRBHKaza

Rbkbeday 4 :TbüeNÑaH CaZm μCatid*RbesIrbMput

CagTan EdlTaykjúaMg:RtoeBjedaybiNÐ:t d*


RbNIt ehIyRbeKndl´bris&TGñkR:kddUecñaHÉg sUm|I

CagePsC¢Tan EdlTaykjúaMg:RtoeBj eday

TwkedaHravzøa nig eRbgCaedImehIyRbeKn sUm|ICag

esnasnTan EdlTaykjúaMgbuK<losagRBHvihar

TaMgLay dUcRBHmhavihar nigR:saTTaMgLay dUcCa

elahR:saT rabéRcInEsnxñgCaGenk ehIyRbeKn

sUm|ICagbric©aK EdlGnazbiNÐkesdðI CaedIm R:rBÆ

RBHviharTaMgLayeZVIehIy . eJHehtuGVI ? eRJHza

buK<lTaMgLay kalnwgeZIVbuNüdUecñaH RtÚvEtsþab´Zm(

ehIybuëNÑaH eTIbeZVI:nç min:nsþabéhIy k*eZVI

min:neT . k*RbsinebIstVTaMgenH minKb|Isþab´Zm(eTç

k*minKb|IRbeKn sUm|InUvbbrRtwmEtmYyEvk sUm|InUv

:yRtwmEtmYyEvkEdrç ehtuenH Zm μTanenaHÉg eTIb

RbesIrbMputCagTanTaMgBYg . müägeT[t elIkElgEt

RBHBuTÆ nigRBHbec©kBuTÆTaMgLayecjehIy sUm|IRBH-

sav&kTaMgLay manRBHsarIbutþCaedIm CaGñkRbkbeday

bJ¦a EdlGacedIm|Inwgrab´tMNk´TwkePø{gTaMgLay:n


kalebIePø{gkMBugZøak´ rhUtdl´kb|TaMgGs´ k*minGac

nwgseRmcesatabtþiplCaedIm edayZm μtarbs´xøÜn:n

eLIyç luHRtaEtsþab´Zm(EdlRBHGsSCietær; CaedIm

sEmþgehIy eTIbeZVIoCakć|asńUvesatabtþipl:nç

nig eZVIoCakć|asńUvsav&k:rmIjaN edayRBHZm(-

eTsnarbs´RBHsasþaç bBiRtmharaC eRJHehtuenHÉg

Zm μTann@uHÉg eTIbCaTand*RbesIrbMput . eRJHehtuenaH

RBHsasþaeTIbRtas´za ²sBVTanM Zm μTanM Cinati ; Zm μTan rEmgQñHnUvTanTaMgBYg³ dUecñHCaedIm .

Jküza sBVrsM Zm μresa Cinati rsénZm μ

QñHCagrsTaMgBYg edaybT:lIza eya bens stþþt þ wseBaZibk¡iyZm μsg¡aetac nvelakutþrZm μ-sg¡aetac Zm μresa Gyemv sBVrsanM esedða . cMENkrsÉNa eBalKWZm(CacMENkénbBa¦a CaeRK}g

Rtas´dwgd*éRkElg man 37 Rbkarpg eBalKWZm(

CaeRK}gq øgcakelak 9 Rbkarpg Zm μrsenHÉg RbesIr


CagrsTaMgBYg eTIboeQ μaHza rsrbs´Zm( .

bTdIkaza Zm μresati sTÆm μsnñicyM bItib|a- emaC¢M kiriyarIkraynwgPavénxøÜnCaGñkeRkbpwk KWbuK<l

GaRs&ynUvRBHsTÆm μoeQ μaHza rsrbs´Zm(dUecñH .

bT:lIza sBVrtw Zm μrti Cinati esckIþeRtkGr

kñúgZm( QñHesckIþeRtkGrTaMgBYg .

manbTviK<hza Zm μrtIti smzvibsSnaZem μ GPirti buK<leRtkGrcMeBaHkñúgsmz nigvibsSnaZm(

TaMgLay oeQ μaHza Zm μrti dUecñH eQ μaHza eRtkGr .

tNØk¡eya bn tNØk¡yen þ ób|nñM GrhtM þ tM sklsSabi vd þTuk¡sS GPiPvneta sBVesdð-emv . cMENkxagRBHGrhtþ EdlekIteLIgkñúgTIbMput

énZm(CaeRK}gGs´eTAéntNØa eQ μaHza Zm(CaeRK}gGs´

eTAéntNØa RBHGrhtþenaH eQ μaHza RbesIrbMputCag

Zm(TaMgBYg eRBaHRKbsg,t´nUvvd þTuk¡EmnTaMgGs´ .


Jküza Gs´tNØa QñHTuk¡TaMgBYg cMENkRBH

Grhtþ EdlekIteLIgkñúgTIbMputénZm( CaeRK}gGséTA

éntNØa eRJHza RbesIrbMputCagZm(TaMgBYg GacRKb

sg,tńUvvdþTuk¡:n :nCaeQ μaHza tNØk¡eya sBVTuk¡M Cinatiç eQ μaHza laPKru CaGñkZán´kñúglaP mkBItNØa

b¨HBal´ GñkminZánédaylaP sUm|IsEmþgZm( mancitþ

Tn´pSayplRbeyaCn¾ EmnBit EtgnwkbMNgoGñkdéT

ecHcaMnUvBuTÆvcnsÞatĆMnajrbs´xøÜn eQ μaHza eTsna-

mybuNü seRmcmkBIeTsna .

R:zñaminosabsUnü Gg<rbs´RBHBuTÆsasna

EdlRbkbedayGg<TaMg 9 pg .

Pik¡úsEmþgedayBisþarnUvsc©;TaMg 4 Rbkar Edl

RbkbedayGtænigBüJ¢n; .

Jküza Zm( bTviK<h;za Zm μnþi ctusSc©Zm μ M eTesti Pik¡úGg<Na sEmþgnUvsc©Zm( 4 eQ μaHza

sEmþgZm( ßeQ μaHza Zm( .


Gtæb|disMevTienati :liGtæM GaCannþsS Pik¡úGg<ÉNa kaldwgR:kdnUvGtæén:lI eQ μaHza dwg

cMeJHnUvGtæ . Zm μb|disMevTienati :lw GaCannþsS Pik¡úGg<ÉNa kaldwgnUv:lI eQ μaHza dwgcMeJHnUvZm( .

:emaC¢nþi truNabIti KW bItienAx©IenATn´ eQ μaHza

:emaC¢; . bItIti tudðakarPUeta Blvb|Itiç bIti

d*mankmøaMgCaGakar;énesckIþeRtkGrekIteLIg eQ μaHza

bIti . kaeyati namkaeya rInamkay eQ μaHza

kay . bsSmÖtIti bdib|sSmÖti namkaysáb´rmáab´o

eQ μaHza bsSmÖti . suxM eveTtIti suxM bdilPti Pik¡ú:ncMeJHnUvesckIþsux eQ μaHza esaynUvesckIþ

sux . smaZiytIti Grhtþ plsmaZina smaZi-yti citþtm,l´maM edaykiriyatm,l´maM KW Grhtþpl

eQ μaHza smaZiyti . eRJHbuK<lenHkarsþab´nUvZm(enaH

dwgnUvQannigvibsSna mK<pl kñúgTIEdlmkehIy bIti

ekIteLIgbuK<lenaH kalminzycuH kñúgcenøaHénbItienaH


CaGñkEdlRbkbedayóbcarkm μdðan ehIyjúaMgvibsSna

oceRmIneLIg ehIyseRmcnUvRBHGrhtþç citþM smaZi-yti KWcitþtm,l´maM sMedAykRBHGrhtþenaH . vimutþa-ytnnþi vimuc©nkarNM ehtuénkiriyarYcRsLH eQ μaH

za vimutþaytn .

:emaC¢ekIteLIg KW manesckIþrIkray Calk¡N;ç

rMBwgnUvZm(enaH d*smKYrehIy RbRBwtþlÁedaykay vaca

mena rbs´xøÜn dl´nUvesamnsS . Jküza bIti d*man

kmøaMg KW rmáab´kaynigcitþ . kalebInamkayrmáab´

ehIy rUbkayk*sáb´rmáab´Edr . Jküza :ncMeJHnUv

esckIþsux KW ectsikenARcLÚkRcLM GacedIm|ICabc©&y

tm,l´maMéncitþ . Jküza tm,l´maM sMedAykGnutþr-

smaZi CaeQ μaHGrhtþplsmaZi .

Jküza rYcputGaytn; bT:lIza vimutþiya vdþTuk¡eta vimuc©nsS GaytnM karNM vimutþaytnM Gaytn;CaehtuénkiriyarYccakvdþTuk¡ eQ μaHza vimutþa-


ytn; ß vimuc©nkarNM kiriyasþab´Zm(kIþ onUvGP&y

TankIþ catćUlkñúgZm μTanEdr .

9>3 Fm μkfikGñksEmþgFm’man 5 y:ag 1-Zm μ M eTesenþnbi hitprNmuTucietþenv

PvitBVM n laP Kruekn ; cMENkZm μkzikGñk

sEmþgZm( Kb|ImancitþTn´Pøn´ pSaynUvRbeyaCn¾Zm μTan

minZánćitþedaylaP .

2-laPKruksS hi Zm μTanM n mhbölM eRJHza Zm μTanrbs´buK<lGñkZánédaylaP CaZm μTan

minmanpleRcIn

3-«cäay ftVa laPKrueka hutVa eTesti tM n mhbölM ; buK<lGñksEmþgZm(

CaGñkeKarBlaP fitenAkñúg«cäa Zm μTanenH minman

pleRcIn .

4-Éeka Gtþena bKuNZm μ M Gb|c©asws-maena bersM eTesti «TM eTsnamyM buJ¦kiriyavtæú nam ; Zm μkzikGg<NamYy minman


nwkbMNgnUvlaPsk,ar; EtgsEmþgnUvZm( dl´CnTaMg

LaydéTosÞat´nUvKN;rbs´xøÜnza Zm μTanenH CabuJ¦-

kiriyavtæú seRmcGMBIeTsnamy;

5-tM n mhbölM tNØay bramdðtþa Zm μTanenH minmanpleRcIn eRJHmantNØab¨HJl´

ehIy .

9>4 KafakñúgkinÞTsURt RBHmanRBHPaK RTg´Rtas´za ?

GnñeTa BleTa ehati vtæeTa ehati vNÑeTa yaneTa suxeTa ehati TIbeTa ehati ck¡úeTa.

esa c sBVTeTa ehati eya TTati óbsSyM GmtnÞeTa c esa ehati eya Zm μmnusasti . buK<lo:y eQ μaHza okmøaMg osMBt´ eQ μaHza

oBN(sm|úr oyanCMniH eQμaHza oesck,Isux


oRbTIb eQμaHzaock¡ú . mYyeT[t buK<lNa oTIenA

GaRs&y buK<lenaHeQ μaHza ovtæúRKbyäg buK<lNa

eRb{nRbedAZm( buK<lenaHeQ μaHza oRBHniBVan .

Gdækfa Bnül;fa ³ bTza GmtnÞeTa c esa ehati GZib|ayza

kalbuK<ljúaMgbiNÐ:t oeBjedayePaCnd*RbNIt

ehIyzVay eQ μaHza oesckþIminsøab´ .

bTza eya Zm μmnusasti GZib|ayza buK<l

Na rEmgTUn μanZm( rEmgR:b´Gdðkza rEmgbeRg{n:lI

rEmgedaHRsaybJØaEdlsYrehIy rEmgR:b´km μdðan

rEmgeZVIZm μsSvn; sUm|ITaMgGsénH eQ μaHza rEmg

TUn μanZm( . mYyeT[t karoZm(enHbüeNÑaH bNÐitKb|I

RCabza RbesIrCagkaroTaMgGs´ esckþIenH smBit

dUcEdlRTg´Rtas´Tukza ²sBVTanM Zm μTanM Cinati .l. tNØk¡eya sBVTuk¡M Cinati³ dUecñH .


10-TidæúCukm μ brmtæTIbnI GdðkzaxuTÞknikay za ; karEdlTidði

dMeNIreTARtg´ eQ μaHza kareXIjRtg´ ‘TidðiCukm μ’

Baküza TidðiCuktM enH CaeQ μaHrbs´sm μaTsSn; Edl

RbRBwtþeTAehIyedayn&ymanCaedImza TanEdloehIy

manpl . eRBaHza kareXIjRtgénH sUm|ICajaN-

vib|yutþ kñúgcMENkxagedIm ßxageRkay Etkñúgevla

eZVIkareXIjoRtgéhIy k*CajaNsm|yutþenaHÉg .

EtGacarüBYkmYyeBalza TsSn; KW kareXIj

edayGMNacénkardwgc|as´ nigkardwgCak´ 1 viJ¦aN

EdlCakusl 1 km μsSktajaNCaedIm 1 Casm μa-

TsSn; . bNþaZm( 3 yäg manTsSn;CaedImenaH

sUm|IkñúgkaljaNenAminTanékIteLIg k*mankarse®g<aH

ehtuEdlsmKYrdléhtu CaeRK}gr£kdl´buNüEdl

xøÜn:neZVITukehIy cUlCamYyviJ¦aNEdlCakusl:n.

mankarse®g<aHcUlCamYykm μsSktajaN KW kareXIj


RbéB tampøÚvrbs´km μ:n . EtkareXIjRtgéRkAenH

mankarkMNt´Zm(TaMgBYg Calk¡N; . eRBaHza kareZVI

buNüyägNanImYy buNüenaHk*manpleRcIn eRBaH

ehtuEdlTidðiTaMgLayRtgénaHÉg .

kñ úgbrmtßeCatik³ mansEmþgvcntæ;rbs´ TidðúCukm μ

za ²Tidðiya óCukrNM TidðúCukmMμ³ kareZVIesckIþ

eXIjoRtg´ eQ μaHza TidðúCukm μç :ndl´ km μsSkta-

jaN RBmedaykuslectnaç Jküza ²TidðúCukm μ³ enH

CaeQ μaHrbs´km μsSktajaN dUcEdlRBHGannÞetær

:nsEmþgTukkñúgkamavcrkusl bTmUldIkaza ?

²kmμsSktajaNM TidðúCukmμM³ km μsSkta-

jaN KWbJ¦aEdldwgza stVTaMgLaymansiTiÆ ß

esckIþseRmckñúgkareZVIrbs´xøÜn TaMgEdlCaEpñklÁ nig

minlÁ TaMgGs´Kña cMENkRTBüsm|tþi mas R:k´

matabita sVamI Priya buRtZItaTaMgenH minEmnCasiTiÆ

rbs´stVTaMgLayenaH edayBit eRJHmin:nCab´tam


stVTaMgLayeTAkñúgPBdéT:n ‘sUm|I’ kñúgPBenH k*enA

mansiTÆiminCak´lak´ ß minR:kdeT[tpg eRJHenAman

P&yepSg> mkdeNþImykeTA:n esckIþeXIjdUecñH

:neQ μaHza TidðúCukm μ .

EtkñúgRbePTkm μctuk,enH :nsEmþgdl´ectna

epSg> EdlCatYkm μ dUecñaH ectnaectsik EdlekItRBm

CamYykm μsSktajaNenaH k*:neQ μaHza ²TidðúCukm μ³

pg BitEmn km μsSktajaNEdlekIteLIg edayev[r

cakBIectnaectsikenaH rEmgminman dUecñaH kal:n

eJlkm μsSktajaN EdlCatYTidðúCukm μehIy k*Cakar

Edlza :neJldl´ectnaectsikpg enHRbRBwtþeTA

tamGvinaPavn&y KW n&yeJldl´vtæúmYyehIy k*rEmg

oseRmcdl´vtúæmYyeT[t eRJHev[rcakBIkm μ min:n .

km μsSktajaN manvcntæ;za ?

²km μ M skM eysnþi km μsSka³ km μCa

km μsiTiÆrbs´xøÜn mandl´stVTaMgLay dUecñaH stVTaMg


LayeTIb:neQ μaH zakm μsSk; :ndl´ stVTaMgLay

²km μsSkanM Paeva km μsSkta³ karrs´enAén

stVTaMgLay Edlmankm μ Cakm μsiTÆirbs´xøÜn eQ μaHza

km μsSkta :ndl´ karrs´enArbs´stV eQ μaHza

km μsSktajaN :ndl´ bJ¦a .

sEmþgvcntæ; n&ymYyeT[tza ?

²Gtþena bc©eyhi óCMu kriytIti óCukm μ M³ ²Tidð i Év óCukm μ M TidðúCukm μ M³ Zm μCati

Na RtÚvbc©&yrbs´xøÜneZVIoRtg´ dUecñaH Zm(EdlRtÚveZVI

oRtg´ eQ μaHza óCukm μ kareXIj KWbJ¦aenHBit>

CaZm μCatiRtÚveZIVoRtg´ eQ μaHza TidðúCukm μç Jküza ²Tidði³

kñúgTIenHsMedAdl´bJ¦a KWZm μCatiEdldwgtamesckIþBit

:ndl´ km μsSktajaN ²Gtþena bc©eyhi³ Zm(

EdlCabc©&yrbs´xøÜn sMedAesckþIza Zm(EdlCabc©&y

rbs´km μsSktajaNenaHÉg .


10>1 bc©½yénkm μsSktajaN 3 Zm(Cabc©&ydl´km μsSktajaN man 3 RbkarKW

1-sutmybJ¦a bJ¦aEdlekItGMBIkarsikSa er[n

sURt Caehtu Cabc©&yoekItkm μsSktajaN

2-cinþamybJ¦a bJ¦aEdlekItGMBIkarKitnwk

BicarNa kñúgkarrs´enArbs´stVTaMgLay edaykarman

eraK minmaneraK esckIþq øat esckIþlág´ sux Tuk¡

GayuEvg GayuxøI Tal´Rk manRTBüsm|tþieRcIn TaMgenH

CaedIm Caehtu Cabc©&ynaMoekItkm μsSktajaN

3-PavnamybJ¦a bJ¦aEdlekItGMBIkarceRmIn

vibsSna Caehtu Cabc©&yoekItkm μsSktajaN .

kñúgvcntæ; TI 2 enH bJ¦aEckecjCa 2 y¨ag KW

bJ¦aEdlCaehtu 1 bJ¦aEdlCapl 1 .

bJ¦aEdlCaehtu k*:ndl´ bJ¦aTaMg 3 xagedIm

enHç cMENkbJ¦aEdlCaplenaH k*:ndl´ km μsSkta-

jaN ehtuenHBit sUm|ICnTaMgLay nwglHsk,ayTidði

‘esckIþRbkan´P¢ab´kñúgxnÆ 5 za CatYxøÜn’ min:nk*Bit Et


kalmankareXIjRtg´enAkñúgTsvtúæksm μaTidði 10 Rbkar

ehIy k*:neQ μaHza mankm μsSktajaNEdlseRmc

CaTidðúCukm μkuslekIteLIg .

10>2 sm μaTidæi 10 Rbkar KMnitEdlyl´RtÚvtamKnøgZm( ehAza sm μaTidði

sm μaTidði man 10 enaH KW ?

1-Gtæi TinñM yl´za TanEdlbuK<loehIy manpl

2-Gtæi yidðM yl´za karbUCaZM manpl

3-Gtæi hutM yl´za karbUCatUc manpl

4-Gtæi suktTuk,tanM km μanM plM vi:eka yl´za pl

vi:kénkuslakuslkm μ EdlbuK<leZVIlÁnigGaRkk´man

5-Gtæi GyM elaeka yl´za elakenH man

6-Gtæi bera elaeka yl´za elakxagmux man

7-Gtæi mata yl´za mata manKuN

8-Gtæi bita yl´za bita manKuN

9-Gtæi stþa Ob:tika yl´za stVTaMgLay Ca


Ob:tik kMeNItman

10- Gtæi elaek smNRBah μNa sm μK<ta

sm μabdibnña ey «mJ© elakM brJ© elakM syM

GPiJ¦a scäiktVa beveTnþIti ; yl´za smNRBah μN¾

TaMgLay kñúgelakenH CaGñkRbRBwtþlÁ RbtibtþiRtwmRtÚv

eZIVoCakć|asńUvelakenH nigelakxagmux edayR:C\a

d*ótþmedayxøÜnÉg ehIysEmþgR:b´ man .

dUecñaH RKhsæ ß bBVCitTaMgLay xøÜnmanesckIþ

dwgkñúgviC¢apøÚvelak ß minmanesckIþdwgk*eday ebIesckIþ

eXIjrbs´xøÜn enAminTan´RtwmRtÚvtameKalrbs´Ts-

vtúæksm μaTidði 10 RbkarehIy k*CakarsmKYryäg

éRkElg nwgRtÚvBüayameZVIkarGb´rM sikSaer[nsURtkñúg

Epñkbriytiþ ßbdibtþiEdlRtwmRtÚv edIm|I:nEktRmg´

edaHRsayesckIþeXIjrbs´xøÜnobribUrN¾ RtwmRtÚvtam

eKalrbs´Tsvtúæksm μaTidði EdlsEmþgehIyenaH eRJH

GñkEdlman ‘esckIþyléXIj’ RtwmRtÚvtameKal

rbs´Tsvtúæksm μaTidðiyägbribUrN¾ GñkenaHmin:t´bg´


TIEdlekItmkCamnusS CYbRBHBuTÆsasna smCamYy

karEdl:neQ μaHza CaBuTÆsasnikCn d*BitR:kd

EdlCaplkéRm minxatTun nigCaTITukdakćitþ mancitþ

sb|ayrIkraydl´karRbRBwtþieTA kñúgbrelakrbs´xøÜn

:neT[tpg .

mYyeT[t GñkEdlmanesckIþeXIjtameKalrbs´

Tsvtúæksm μaTidði lÁRKb´RbkarehIyenaH k*eQa μHza

km μsSktajaN :nekIteLIgehIydl´GñkenaH dUecñaH

karbric©aKTan rkSasIl ceRmInPavnarbs´GñkenaH

k*rEmgmanGanisgSeRcIn rkGVIeRb{bmin:nç eRb{bdUcCa

karbNþúHRKabéJZi duHCaeJZiZMeLIg pÞúyKñanwgTan

sIl Pavnarbs´GñkEdlminman km μsSktajaN

rEmgmanGanisgStic eRb{bdUcedImeJZiZM oplekIt

CaRKabéJZi k*dUecñaHÉg dUecñaH RBHmhaBuTÆeXasacarü

eTIbeJlBN(naKuNrbs´km μsSktajaN Tukkñúgctuk,

nieTÞsvNÑna sem μahvienaTnI Gdðkzaza ²«ms μ w km μsSktajaeN ftVa BahMu TanM TtVa sIlM

¾ ¾

¾

¾


bUertVa óe:szM smaTiyitVa suexn suxM sm|tþiya sm|twþ GnuPvitVa niBVanM btþanM KNnbriecäeTa ntæi³ .

karkMNt´rabćMnYnrbs´buK<l cUlkan´RBHniBVan

eRkayBI:nesayesckIþsux kñúgsm|tþiéRkElg>eLIg

eTACalMdabĆab´> Kña edayGaRs&ykartaMgenAkñúg

km μsSktajaNlÁyägenaHehIy :neZVIbuNüeRcInRKa

sRgÜmrvaMgkñúgsIl 5 minosIldac´ smaTan

óe:szsIlTaMgenHenaH rEmgminman .

10>3 GgÁFm’rbs;Tidæ úCukm μ kñúgxN³TaMg 3 rbs;ectna

TI1-TidðúCukm μ kñúgxN;EdlCabuBVectna :ndl´

mhakuslcitþ 8

TI2-TidðúCukm μ kñúgxN;EdlCamuJ©nectna

:ndl´ mhakusljaNsm|yutþcitþ 4

TI3-TidðúCukm μ kñúgxN;EdlCaGbrectna


:ndl´ mhakuslcitþ 8 .

esck þ IGF ib,ay GñkEdlmanesckIþeXIj enAminTan´RtwmRtÚvcMeJH

RBHBuTÆsasna kñúger]gepSg> mankarsøab´ karekIt PUmi

CaTIesayesckIþTuk¡ mannrk eRbt Gsurkayç PUmiiCaTI

esayesckIþsux mansYK( 6 CanĆaedImç mnusSsøab´

ehIyekItCastVtircäan k*man CamnusSeT[t k*man stV

tircäansøabéhIy ekItCamnusS k*man CastVtircäan

eT[t k*manç kalxageRkaymk P\ak´rlwkdwgxøÜnza

karKit karyléXIjrbs´xøÜn minRtwmRtÚvcMeBaH

RBHBuTÆsasna dUecñaH xøÜnKYrnwgeZVIkarsikSaer[nsURt

cMeJHkarRbRBwtþieTAéncitþ nigrUbragkay edIm|Inwg:nkar

Gb´rMkarKiteXIjrbs´xøÜnoRtwmRtÚvcMeBaHRBHBuTÆsasna

kalEdlmkP\ak´rlwkdwgxøÜn:ndUecñH CaTidðúCukm μ kñúg

xN;EdlCa buBVectna .


kalKiteXIjylćUlcitþ dUecñHehIy k*cabépþIm

eZVIkarsikSaer[nsURt cMeJHkarRbRBwtþieTArbs´vtúæEdl

manCIvitnigminmanCIvit kñúgZm(EdlCaeKalTak´Tgnwg

er]genH edaycMeJHkarsikSa :nceRmIneLIgRtwmNa

karyl´dwg kareXIj k*ceRmIneLIgeTAtamlMdab´ rhUt

:nTTYlkaryl´dwg esckIþeXIjyägc|asĆakÉsþg

kñúger]gkarsøab´ karekIt nrk sYK( CaedImTaMgenaHza

manEmn bünNa :nyäglÁ kareXIjc|asýägenH

BitCaTidðúCukm μ kñúgxN;EdlCa muBa©nectna .

xageRkayBI:nTTYlesckIþeXIjcUlcitþ eXIj

RtwmRtÚv edaykarsikSaer[nsURtyäglÁehIy k*mk

BicarNacMeJHesckIþRbRBwtþieTArbs´xøÜnza kalmunenH

eyIgmanesckIþyleXIjxuseRcInRbkar «LÚvenH eyIg

:neZVIkaryléXIjrbséyIgolÁ oRtwmRtÚv cMeJH

JküGb´rMkñúgRBHBuTÆsasna:nyäglÁehIy karBica-

rNadUecñHÉg CaTidðúCukm μkñúgxN;EdlCa Gbrectnaç

edayehtuenaH RBHmhaBuTÆeXasacarü eTIb:nsEmþg


TukkñúgbuJ¦kiriyavtæaTikza GdðsalinI Gdðkza za ?

1-²Tidð w óCukM krisSamIti cienþenþabi etsMeyv Gdðnñ M GJ¦tern cienþti³ GñkEdlman

karKitza eyIgnwgeZVIesckþIyléXIjrbséyIg oRtwm

RtÚv tamRBHBuTÆsasna karKityägenH k*Kiteday

mhakuslcitþ 8 dYg NamYy ‘TidðúCukm μkñúgxN;

EdlCabuBVectna’ .

2-²Tidð w óCukM keranþ i bn ctunñ M jaN-sm|yutþa nM GJ¦tern kerati³ cMENkGñk

EdleZVIesckIþyléXIjrbs´xøÜn oRtwmRtÚvedaykar

sikSaRBHbriytþi ßbdibtþienaH CakareZVIedaymha-

kusljaNsm|yutþcitþ 4 dYg NamYyenaHÉg ‘Tidðú-

Cukm μkñúgxN;EdlCamuJ©nectna’ .

3-²Tidð w em óCuka ktati bc©evk¡eta GdðnM ñ GJ¦tern bc©evk¡ti³ GñkEdlmankar

BicarNa kñúgesckIþyléXIjrbs´xøÜnza eyIg:neZVI


esckIþyleXIjrbsxøÜnoRtwmRtÚvlÁehIy karBicarNa

rbs´GñkenH CakarBicarNa edaymhakuslcitþ 8 dYg

NamYyenaH ‘TidðúCukm μkñúgxN;EdlCaGbrectna’ .

10>4 srubbuBaØkir iyavtßú 7 Rbkar cUlkñúgTan sIl Pavna

brmtßT Ibn I Gd ækfa ³ bNþabuJ¦kiriyavtúæ 7 yäg

enaH btþiTanmy; nig GnuemaTnamy; BIryägenH

se®g<aHcUlkñúgTankusl eQ μaHza Tanmy; .

Gbcayn; nigevyüavc©; BIryägenH se®g<aH

cUlkñúgsIlkusl eQ μaHza sIlmy; .

Zm μeTsna ‘karsEmþgZm(’ Zm μsSvn ‘karsþab´

Zm(’ nig TidðúCukm μ ‘kareXIjRtg´’ bIyägenH se®g<aH

cUlkñúgPavnakusl eQ μaHza Pavnamy; .

‘m¨üageT[t’ TidðúCukm μ se®g<aHcUlkñúgbuJ¦kiriya-

vtæúTaMg 3 yäg .


eRBaHdUecñaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas´za mñalPik¡ú

TaMgLay buJ¦kiriyavtæúenH man 3 yägç 3 yäg

etIdUcemþc / KW TanmybuJ¦kiriyavtæú 1 sIlmy-

buJ¦kiriyavtæú 1 PavnamybuJ¦kiriyavtæú 1 dUecñH .

k*kñúgGZikarenH buJ¦kiriyavtúæTaMg 3 yäg mankar

RbRBwtþeTAedayGMNacénkuslectna EdlCakamavcr

8 dYg . óbmaza kalbuK<lsEmþgZm( EdlsÞatĆMnaj

k*minnwkdl´GnusnÆieLIy Zm(BYkxøH k*ev[reTA:n

yägNa kalRBHeyaKavcrRbkber]y> nUvsmzPavna

nigvibsSnaPavnaEdlCMnaj mnsikaredaycitþEdlCa

jaNvib|yutþ k*RbRBwtþeTA:nkñúgcenøaH> ‘Et’ TaMg

GsénaH CabuJ¦kiriyavtúæEdlseRmcedayectnamüäg

edayGMNacénkuslectnaEdlCamhK<t; minCa

buJ¦kiriyavtúæeRkAenHeT ‘Tanmy; sIlmy;’ .


10>5 GFib,ayFm’CabdibkçnwgTanCaedIm kñúgbrmtæeCatik; eBalTukza bNþabuJ¦kiriyavtúæ

TaMgLayenH Tankusl Cabdibk¡nwg«sSa KW esckIþ

mineBjcitþkñúgsm|tþi ßKuN esckIþlÁrbs´GñkdéT nig

Cabdibk¡nwgmcäriy; EdlmanesckIþRsLaj´RTBü-

sm|tþi ßKuN esckIþlÁrbs´xøÜn dUecñaH GñkEdleZVIkar

bric©aKTan eTIbcaM:c´RtÚvykQñH«sSa mcäriy; o:n

Camunsin karbric©aKTan eTIbseRmc:n EdleJl

dUecñH k*eRJHza ebIenAman«sSadrabNa k*nwgeZVIoekIt

esckIþmineBjcitþ kñúgkarEdlRTBüsm|tþirbs´xøÜnEdl

RtÚvGs´eTA kalebIdUecñH karbric©aKTan k*seRmcmin:n

dUecñaH TankuslenH eTIbCabdibk¡cMeBaH«sSa mcäriy;

TaMg 2 dUecñaH karbric©aKTan seRmc:nkñúgxN;Na

xN;enaH k*:neQ μaHza karb®g,ab«sSa mcäriy; TaMg

2 enH :nmYyxN; .

cMENkkarekIteLIgrbs´btþiTan nig btþanuemaTna

TaMg 2 enH k*dUcKñanwgTankuslenaHÉg eJlKW ebIGñk


NaenAman«sSa GñkenaH k*nwgekItkarmineBjcitþkúñg

karEdlbuK<ldéT:nTTYlGMBIxøÜn edaygayRsYl min

mankarlM:k ebIenAmanmcäriy; k*nwgekItkarmin

eBjcitþkñúgkarEbgEckkuslodl´buK<ldéT kalCa

dUecñH btþiTankusl k*seRmcmin:n dUecñaH btþiTan-

kusl seRmckñúgxN;Na xN;enaH k*:neQ μaHza

eZIVkarb®g,ab«sSa mcäriy; :nmYyxN; .

kñúgrvagbtþanuemaTn; CamYynwg«sSa mcäriy;

enaHesat k*dUcKña eJlKW ebIenAmancitþ«sSa k*nwgekIt

esckIþmineBjcitþkñúgkarbric©aKTan rkSasIl ceRmIn

Pavnarbs´GñkdéT ehIyminEtb¨ueNÑaH enARtLb´eXIj

za CakarGYtGag kaldUecñH citþKitnwgeKarBTTYl

‘GnuemaTna’ cMENkbuNüEdleKEcko k*ekIteLIgmin

:n ebIenAmanmcäriy; k*manEtesckIþhYgEhgkñúgRTBü

sm|tþirbs´xøÜn nwgeZVItamGñkEdleKEckbuNüoenaH

k*eZVImin:n dUecñaH eTIbmineBjcitþ TTYlkarEckcMENk

buNükñúgkarbric©aKTan EdleK:nEcko ebIkalEbg


EckbuNüenaH Tak´TgnwgsIlPavnaehIy xøÜnÉgk*min

Tan´lHbgésckIþsb|ay eRtkRtGal ßePIøtePIønkñúg

Garm μN¾epSg> mkrkSasIl ceRmInPavnadUcKña CamYy

eKk*eZVImin:n edayehtuenHÉg eTIbminmanesckIþ

eRtkGrcMeJHkarEbgEckcMENkbuNüenaH> dUecñaH kal

btþanuemaTnakusl seRmckñúgxN;Na xN;enaH

k*:neQ μaHza eZVIkarb®g,ab«sSa mcäriy; :nmYyxN;

dUecñaH btþiTan nigbtþanuemaTn; TaMg 2 enH eTIbman

sPaB dUcKñanwgTankusl edayesckIþCabdibk¡ nwg

«sSamcäriy; GaRs&yehtuenHÉg elakeTIbcatĆa

btþanuemaTn; cUlkñúgTanmykusl .

mYyeT[t karEbgEckcMENkbuNüenaH GñkeZVIkar

EbgEck rEmg:nkuslRKb´TaMgbIyäg k*man BIryäg

k*man mYyyägk*man eRscEtkarEckcMENkbuNü

EdlTak´TgnwgkuslenaH> sRmab´GñkGnuemaTna

cMENkbuNüBIeKenaH :nEtTanmykulsmüäg minza

GñkEckoRKb´TaMg 3 ß 2-1 k*eday .


manGZib|ayza ?

1-Gñkbric©aKTan rkSasIl ceRmInPavna ehIy

EckcMENkbuNükIþ ßrkSasIl ceRmInPavna ehIyEck

cMENkbuNükIþ GñkEdleZVIkarEckcMENkbuNüenaH

rEmg:nkuslRKb´TaMg 3 Rbkar KW seRmcTankusl

seRmcsIlkusl seRmcPavnakusl .

2-Gñkbric©aKTan rkSasIl ehIyEckcMENk

buNükIþ ß GñkEdlrkSasIl ehIyEckcMENkbuNükIþ

rEmg:nkuslRKb´TaMg 2 yäg KW seRmcTankusl

seRmcsIlkusl .

3-Gñkbric©aKTan ceRmInPavna ehIyEckcMENk

buNükIþ ß ceRmInPavna ehIyEckcMENkbuNükIþ rEmg

:nkuslRKb´TaMg 2 Rbkar KW Tanmykusl

Pavnamykusl .

4-Gñkbric©aKTan ehIyEckcMENkbuNükIþ rEmg

:nTankuslmüäg . dUecñH k*eRJHza karEckcMENk

buNükIþ karGnuemaTnabuNükIþ cUlkñúgTanmykusl

Etmüäg .


Gbcayn; evyüavc©; TaMg 2 enH CacaritþsIl KW

karRbRBwtþilÁrbs´RKhsæ nig bBVCit EdlCasb|úrs

EdlmanesckIþecHdwgkñúgRBHBuTÆsasna yäglÁ ehtu

enaH elakeTIbcatćUlsIlmykusl .

Zm μsSvn Zm μeTsna TidðúCukm μ TaMg 3 enH Cakar

garEdleZVIokuslZm( ceRmInéRkElg>eLIg dUcKña

karceRmInsmzvibsSna ehtuenaH elakeTIbcatćUl

kñúgPavnamykusl .

10>6 karse®gÁaHFm μeTsnanigTidæúCukm μ n½ymYyeTot tamGdækfa GFib,ayBuT§Pasit

karsEmþgZm( karbeRg{nZm( TaMgenH se®g<aHcUl

kñúgTanmykusl k*:n dUcEdlRBHBuTÆGg<RTg´Rtas´

eTsnaza ²sBVTanM Zm μTanM Cinati ; Zm μTan QñHGs´

TanTaMgBYg³ . cMENkTidðúCukm μenaH RBHmhaBuTÆeXa-

sacarü :nsEmþgTukkñúgsg<ItsURt én:dikvK<Gdðkza

za ²T id ð úC ukm μ M seB Vs M n iymlk¡NM³ ²TidðúCukm μ

enH CaeRK}gkMNt´énesckIþbribUrN¾rbs´buJ¦kiriyavtúæ


TaMgBYg³ mann&yza TidðúCukm μenH se®g<aHcUleTAkñúg

Tanmy; sIlmy; Pavnamykusl:nTaMgGsénaH

Ég EdlelakeJldUecñHenaH k*eRJHTidðúCukm μenH eRb{b

dUcGñkkacćg,ÚtTUk EdlcaM:c´RtÚvEteRCIserIsyk

kénSTUkort´Rtg´ dUecñaH . RbsinebIxVHGñkkacćg,ÚtTUk

ehIy TUkk*nwgrt´RtgéTAmin:n esckIþenHyägNa

GñkEdleZVIkarbric©aKTan rkSasIl ceRmInPavna ebImin

manTidðúCukm μRbkbpgehIy karbeJ©jplrbs´Tan

sIl PavnaTaMgenH k*minbribUrN¾ mankarxVHxat

mineBjelj minRtÚvKñaCamYyesckIþR:zñarbs´xøÜn

eJlKWkalekItCamnusS eTvta k*oekItCamnusS

eTvtaCan´Tab manGvyv;xVHxat ßsUm|ImanGvyv;

RKb´RKan´ k*CaGñklágéxøA bJ¦atic nig:nTTYlesckþI

ekþARkhay minCasux kñúgRTBüsm|tþiCaer]y> kusl

rbs´buK<lTaMgenH kaleJledayGg<Zm( k*:ndl´

TViehtuk kuslOmk; .


sRmab´kuslrbs´GñkmanTidðúCukm μ cUlRbkbpg

enaH rEmgbeJ©jplmhasal tamesckIþR:zña

rbs´xøÜn eJlKW kalnwgekItCamnusS eTvta k*ekIt

CamnusS eTvtaEdllÁ manGvyv;bribUrN¾RKb´RKan´lÁ

sÁat manstibJ¦a q øatvagév :nTTYlesckIþsuxkay

sb|aycitþ kñúgRTBüsm|tþiCanic© kuslrbs´buK<l

TaMgenH kaleJledayGg<Zm(ehIy :ndl´ tiehtuk

kuslók,dð ßzñak´TabcuHmk k*:ndl´ tiehtuk

kuslOmk .

¥


11-niFikNÐsURt niZw nieZti buriesa KmIÖer óTknþiek7 Getæ kiec© smub|enñ Gtæay em PvisSti raCeta va TurutþsS ecareta bILitsS va «NsS va bemak¡ay TuBÖiek¡ GabTasu va ÉtTtæay elaks μ w niZi nam niZiyüti . burskb´kMNb´RTBüTukkñúgTIeRCA CaTIbMputénTwk

edayKitza kalebIkic©EdlRtÚvkar ekIteLIgehIy

RTBüenHnwg:nCaRbeyaCn¾dl´Gat μaGj EdlRtÚv

BYkbc©amitþeBalbg,ac´ nwg:nedaHxøÜnecjBIesþc

ßRtÚvecareb[teb[n nwg:nedaHxøÜnecjBIecar nwg

:nedaHbMNul ßkñúgeBlTurPikS ßk*kñúgkal

GnþrayTaMgLay Zm μtakMNb´EdleKkb´Tukkñúg

elak edIm|IRbeyaCn¾enHÉg .

tavsSú nihieta senþa KmÖIer óTknþiek 7 »> ]Tknþiek . GdækfayM |Tiesaeyv ehati .


n seBVa sBVTaeyv8 tsS tM óbkb|ti niZi va fana cvti sBa¦a vasS vimuyØti naKa va Gbnaemnþi yk¡a vabi rhnþi nM Gb|iya vabi TayaTa óTÆrnþi GbsSeta yTa buBa¦k¡eya ehati sBVemtM vinsSti .

kMNbÉdlbuK<lkb´kñúgTIeRCA manTIbMputTlńwgTwk

dlémøäH kMNb´RTBüTaMgGsénaH k*minseRmc

dl´buK<lenaHsBVkaleT d|itza kMNb´RTBürEmg

XøateTAcakTIxøH esckIþcMNaMrbs´buK<lenaH rEmg

vEgVgeTAxøH naKTaMgLay rEmgnaMCBa¢ÚneTAxøH

BMuenaHesat BYkykS naMykRTBüenaHeTAxøH Gñk

TTYlmt(k EdlminCaTIRsLaj´ rEmgKasýk

nUvkMNb´RTBüenaH kalxøÜnmineXIjxøH xøÜnGs´

buNüeTAevlaNa kMNb´TaMgGsénaH rEmgvinas

:t´bgéTAkñúgevlaenaH .

ysS Taenn sIeln sBa¦emn9 Temn c 8 »>m> Év . 9 »>m> sMyemn .


niZi sunihieta ehati «tiæya burisS va ectiymØi c10 seg¹ va buK<el GtizIsu va matri bitri vabi11 Geza eCdðmØi Patri Éesa niZi sunihieta GeCeyüa GnuKamieka bhay KmnIeysu ÉtM GaTay Kcäti GsaZarNmeBa¦sM GecarhreNa12 niZi .

kMNb´RTBüEdl®sþI ß bursNa :nkb´TuklÁ

ehIy edayTan sIl edaykarsRgÜm nigeday

karTUn μanxøÜn kñúgectiy kñúgsg¹ kñúgbuK<l kñúg

BYkeP\{v ßmYykñúgmata kñúgbita ßza kñúgbgRbús-

RsI EdlCac|g kMNb´RTBünu@H cat´CakMNb´RTBü

Edlkb´TukRbéBehIy nrNa> minKb|Ip©aj´:nCa

kMNb´RTBü EdlCab´tamxøÜneTA kalePaK;

TaMgLayEdlxøÜnRtÚvlHbg´ehIyeTA xøÜnrEmgkan´

yknUvkMNb´RTBü KWbuNünu@HeTA kMNb´RTBü KW

10 »> v . 11 m> cabi . 12 »>m> GecarahreNa .


buNü minTYeTAdl´BYkCndéT CarbsÉdlecar

lYceTAmin:n .

kyiraz ZIera buBa¦ani eya niZi GnuKamieka És eTvmnusSanM sBVkamTeTa niZi yM yM eTvaPibetænþi sBVemetn lBÖti .

kMNb´RTBü KW buNüNa Cab´tamxøÜneTA:n

GñkR:C\ KYreZVInUvkMNb´RTBü KWbuNüenaH kMNb´

RTBü KWbuNünu@H onUvesckIþR:zñaRKbýäg dl´

eTvtanigmnusSTaMgLay BYkeTvtanigmnusSTaMg

Lay R:zñaNasńUvplNa> plTaMgBYgenaH>

rEmg:nedaykMNb´RTBü KW buNün@uH .

suvNÑta susrta susNðanM surUbta GaZibc©M13 brivaera sBVemetn lBÖti .

PaBCaGñkmanBN(sm|úrpUrpg´ mansMeLgBIeraH

RTg´RTaylÁ rUblÁ CaGZibtI manysbrivar pl

TaMgGs´ rEmg:nedaykMNb´RTBü KWbuNün@uH .

13

»>m> GFibc©M .


beTsrC¢M «sSriyM ck,vtþisuxM biyM eTvrC¢m|i TieBVsu sBVemetn lBÖti .

PaBCaesþcRbeTsraC «sSriyys esckIþsux

rbs´esþccRkBtþi CaTIRsLaj´ PaBCaesþcén

eTvta kñúgeTBnikayTaMgLay plTaMgGs´ rEmg

:nedaykMNb´RTBü KWbuNün@uH .

manusSika c sm|tiþ eTvelaek c ya rti ya c niBVansm|tþi sBVemetn lBÖti .

sm|tþiCarbs´mnusSNapg esckIþeRtkGr kñúg

eTvelakNapg sm|tþi KWRBHniBVanNapg sm|tþi

TaMgGs´ rEmg:nedaykMNb´RTBü KWbuNün@uH .

mitþsm|TmaKm μ eyaniesa ec byuBa¢eta viC¢avimutþivsIPaeva sBVemetn lBÖti .

PaBénbuK<l kalGaRs&ymitþsm|Ta ebIRbkb

esckIþBüayam edayó:yEdlRtÚv CaGñksÞat´

kñúgviC¢a nigvimutiþ «dðplTaMgGs´ :neday

kMNb´RTBü KWbuNüenaH .


bdismÖiTa viemak¡a14 c ya c savk:rmI bec©keBaZi BuTÆPUmi sBVemetn lBÖti .

bdismÖiTa viemak¡ savk:rmIjaN bec©keBaZi-

Ba¦aN nigBuTÆPUmiNa> «dðplTaMgGs´ rEmg:n

edaykMNb´RTBü KWbuNün@uH .

ÉvM mhtæika15 Ésa yTiTM buBa¦sm|Ta ts μa ZIra bsMsnþi bNÐita ktbuBa¦tnþi .

buBa¦sm|TaenH oseRmcRbeyaCn¾d*ZM eday

RbkardUecñH eRBaHehtuenaH GñkR:C\TaMgLay Ca

ZIrCn eTIbsresIrnUvPaBénbuK<l CaGñkmanbuNü

eZVITukehIy .

cb´ niZikNÐsURt .

‘caksutþnþbidk PaK 52 TMB&r 15-18’

14 m> víemaekça . 15 m> mhiT§ika .


Gdðkza

niZi ‘kMNb´RTBü’ enaHman 4 yag KW zavrniZi

Cg<mniZi Gg<smniZi GnuKamikniZi . bNþaniZi 4 enaH RTBüEdlCab´EpndIkþI RTBüEdl

taMgenAkñúgGakaskþI R:k´kþI maskþI ERskþI TIdIkþIç ßk*

RTBüEbbenaHsUm|IdéTNa Edlev[rcakkarXøatcakTI

edayxøÜnÉg eQ μaHza zavr; ‘maMmYn’ RTBüenHeQμaHza

zavrniZi . TasI Tas; dMrI eKa esH la BEB EkH man

RCÚkç ßk*za RTBüEbbenaHsUm|IdéTNa EdlRbkbeday

karXøatcakTI:nedayxøÜnÉg eQμaHza Cg<m; ‘edIreTA

:n’ RTBüenHeQμaHza Cg<mniZi . Bhusc©; ‘PaBCa

BhusSÚt’ EdlCaRbPBekItkargar RbPBekItsil|;

TItaMgénviC¢aç k*ßza Bhusc©;EbbenaH sUm|IdéTNa Edl

sikSaehIysikSaeT[t CMnajCab´xøÜn dUcCaGvyv;ZMtUc

eQ μaHza Gg<sm; ‘esμIedayGvyv;’ RTBüenHeQμaHza

Gg<smniZi . buNüEdlseRmcedayTan EdlseRmc

edaysIl EdlseRmcedayPavna EdlseRmceday


karsþab´Zm( EdlseRmcedaykarsEmþgZm(ç k*ßza buNü

EbbenaH sUm|IdéTNa tamoplEdlKYrR:zña hak´dUc

Cab´tameTAkñúgTIenaH> eQ μaHza GnuKamik; ‘Cab´tameTA

:n’ç RTBüenH eQμaHza GnuKamikniZi .


Km< IrEdlCa]bkrN_kñ úgkareroberogesovePAenH1-RBHéRtbidk 2-Gdækfa smnþb,asaTika 3-Gdækfa sumgÁlvílasinI 4-Gdækfa menarfbUrNI 5-Gdækfa brmtßeCatika 6-Fm μbTdækfa 7-Gdækfa brmtßTIbnI 8-brmtßeCatik³ mgÁltßTIbnI 9-vísuTi§mKÁ ¬sIlnieTÞs¦

GkçravíruT§ sresrtamvcnanuRkmEx μr rbs;semþc RBHsgÇraC eCatBaØaeNa CYn-Nat .

r s

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