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Lazar Koliševski

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Lazar Koliševski

Лазар Колишевски

2nd President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia

In office4 May 1980 – 15 May 1980

Prime Minister Veselin ĐuranovićPreceded by Josip Broz TitoSucceeded by Cvijetin Mijatović

6th President of the People's Assembly of PR Macedonia

In office19 December 1953 – 26 June 1962

Prime MinisterLjupco ArsovAleksandar Grlickov

Preceded by Dimce StojanovSucceeded by Ljupco Arsov

1st President of the Executive Council of PR 

Macedonia

In office16 April 1945 – 19 December 1953

PresidentMetodija Andonov - ČentoDimitar Vlahov

Preceded by  Position created 

Succeeded by Ljupčo Arsov1st Chairman of the League of Communists of 

Macedonia

In office

1945 – July 1963Preceded by  Position created 

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Succeeded by Krste CrvenkovskiPersonal details

Born12 February 1914Sveti Nikole, Kingdom of Serbia

Died6 July 2000 (aged 86)Skopje, Macedonia

Nationality Yugoslav

Political partyLeague of Communists of 

Yugoslavia (SKJ)Religion  None (Atheist)Military service

AllegianceSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

Service/branch Ground Forces (KoV)Years of service 1941-1980Rank  Major General

CommandsYugoslav PartisansYugoslav People's Army

Battles/wars World War IIAwards

Order of the National Hero of Yugoslavia

Lazar Koliševski (Macedonian: Лазар Колишевски [ˈlazar kɔˈliʃɛfski] (  listen);(12 February1914 – 6 July 2000) was a Communist political leader in Socialist Republic of Macedonia and

 briefly the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia closely allied with Tito.

Contents

[hide]• 1 Early years• 2 Career 

o 2.1 World War IIo 2.2 Macedonia & Yugoslavia

• 3 See also• 4 References• 5 External links

Early years[edit source | edit beta ]

Lazar was born in Sveti Nikola, Kingdom of Serbia in 1914. His family were poor farmers. At ayoung age Lazar began to follow politics and learn the ways of Communism. He supported aMacedonia as a part of a Balkan Confederacy but not under the Serbian kingdom.

Career[edit source | edit beta ]

World War II[edit source | edit beta ]

As Nazi forces entered Belgrade in April 1941, Bulgaria, the German ally in the war, took control

of a part of Vardar Macedonia, with the western towns of  Tetovo, Gostivar and Debar going toItalian zone in Albania. Lazar, now 27, joined up with the Yugoslav Partisans in the struggleagainst Bulgaria and its local adherents. After the Bulgarians had taken control of the eastern partof the former Vardar Banovina, the leader of the local faction of Communist Party of Yugoslavia,Metodi Shatorov had defected to the Bulgarian Communist Party and seriously weakened thePartisans. Vardar Macedonia soon became a field of competition between different small YugoslavPartisan detachments. Later in fall of 1941 Koliševski became the Secretary of the localCommittee of the Yugoslav Communist Party. In late 1941 he was arrested and sentenced to death

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 by a Bulgarian military court. He wrote an appeal for clemency where he claimed to be "[...]a son

of Bulgarian parents who [has always] felt and feels himself Bulgarian, and despite the dreadful 

 slavery has preserved his Bulgarian lifestyle, language and mors "[1] and had his sentencecommuted to life imprisonment.[2]

In late 1944, Koliševski was freed by the new Bulgarian government, and soon became theChairman of the Communist Party of Macedonia (an local division of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia). Near the end of the war Koliševski became the Prime Minister of the Federal State of Macedonia, a federal unit of the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (DFY). It was essentially the

highest office in the Federal State of Macedonia.For his efforts in the war, Koliševski was one of the many Macedonians who were awarded withthe People's Hero of Yugoslavia medal.

Macedonia & Yugoslavia[edit source | edit beta ]

Monument in Koliševski's hometown Sveti Nikole

After World War II, Koliševski became the most powerful person in PR Macedonia and among themost powerful people in all of Yugoslavia. He began massive economic and social reforms.Koliševski finally brought the industrial revolution to Macedonia. By 1955, the capital city of Skopje had become one of the fastest growing cities in the region and became the third-largest cityin Yugoslavia. Thanks to Koliševski's reforms, the small Republic that in 1945 was the poorestarea of Yugoslavia now had the fastest growing economy. After the second Five Year EconomicPlan, PR Macedonia's economy advanced rapidly.

On 19 December 1953, Koliševski retired as the Prime Minister of PR Macedonia and assumed the

office of President of the People's Assembly. He became the PR Macedonian head of state, butwielded less direct political power. However, he remained the Chairman of the League of Communists of Macedonia, the Macedonian division of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia,which were the new names of the communist parties in Yugoslavia. He was still the most powerful

 person in the Republic because of his influence in the Yugoslav Communist Party. With his slowremoval from politics in Macedonia he began traveling to other nations as a Yugoslav Diplomat.He made many major trips in the late 1950s and early 1960s to nations like Egypt, India, Indonesiaand other nations that would later help form the Non-Aligned Nations. These diplomatic travelsshowed that Koliševski was very trusted by the Yugoslav leader  Josip Broz Tito. Even after Titohad fall outs with some of his most trusted allies, Koliševski still remained.

After the Yugoslav Constitution of 1974 was passed, Koliševski grew much more influential in theYugoslav political world. The new constitution called for a rotating Yugoslav Vice-Presidency.Koliševski was picked from the Macedonian leadership to be the Macedonian representative to thePresidency. On 15 May 1979 Koliševski was voted by the other Presidency members to becomePresident of the Presidency and Vice President of Yugoslavia. On New Years Day 1980 PresidentTito fell ill, leaving Koliševski in the role of acting leader in his absence. Tito died five months

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later, on 4 May 1980. Koliševski held the office of acting head of the presidency of Yugoslavia for another ten days, before the office passed on to Cvijetin Mijatović.

See also[edit source | edit beta ]

• Titoism• Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia• Socialist Republic of Macedonia

References[edit source | edit beta ]

1. ^ Молба за милостъ от Лазаръ Паневъ Колишевъ, затворникъ при Скопския областен сѫдъ,осѫденъ на СМЪРТЪ отъ Битолския военно-полеви сѫдъ по наказ. дѣло 133/941. по законаза защита на държавата

2. ^ УТРИНСКИ ВЕСНИК, Број 1475 понеделник, 16 октомври 2006.

External links[edit source | edit beta ]

•

Аспекти на македонското прашање, Лазар Колишевски.• Picture – From left to right, Lazar Koliševski (in Glasses), Josip Broz Tito, Milka Planinc,

Azem Vllasi and General Kosta Nadj• Letter by Koliševski on the Macedonian Partisan forces in Pirin Macedonia