. 114 & 38

, 338 .., , . - - , - . , . - , - . - - . 338 .. , - : ; 4 , -. - , , . . . - .

- - 1950. Castagnoli - - . , - 4 . ; -; - . , , 378 .., - .2 , - . : , - - , , - . 4 3 .

Jamie Sewell

2 .. , . , , . - -, , 3 ..1 - 5 .. .

114_Sewell_114 08/03/2010 1:17 Page 38

. -, . - . , , , - - - - .

, - : , - . , ,, - 4 .. -

- , , - . - - W. Hoepfner E.L. Schwandner. ,Haus und Stadt im klassischen Griechenland, , 5 , , - , - . - , - , (. 1).

- 5 .. (. 2), . . O 4 .. .

- , - 1,70 . 0,70 . . - 1:2. , - .

- Hoepfner Schwandner, - - - - . , , - , - .

& . 114 39

1. (A-D), (E-H) ( ).

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. Hoepfner Schwandner - - . - . , , , - , . , - , .

Hoepfner Schwand-ner, - , . , 5 4 .. - , , . - , -. - . / . , . - . , - , .3

- Hoepfner Schwandner, - : , , ; - , . (. 3), - . -

(insula). - - - .

-, . -, , - . 4 .. - :

- . , - .

- , - . - - , .

-, .

, - , - -. , , - . , , . -: , - - . - , - . , -

. 114 & 40

114_Sewell_114 05/03/2010 11:35 Page 40

, - , , . , - . , , . , .

, - . . - , , . , - , , , - . - 3 - .4

, , , - 3 . .

, , - . - - - , - -. - , , , ,

. , - . , - - . , -, ( ), . , , - , - - . , , -

& . 114 41

2. , . .

114_Sewell_114 05/03/2010 11:35 Page 41

- , . , - , - - - .

- . - , , . , -, - . - -, - .5 , , - ; - , . , , , . - - . , , . , - . , - , , - , . - - . -

. 114 & 42

3. , .

114_Sewell_114 05/03/2010 11:35 Page 42

, , , - -. - . . , .

, - , - , . - . , , - -

. - , . , , . Hoepfner Schwandner, - - . , -. Hoepfner Schwandner,

.

-. : .

- , - .

& . 114 43

5. , , 1.3: -. 2 3 .

4. , . , ( ) .

6. , .

114_Sewell_114 05/03/2010 11:35 Page 43

- .

- .

, Hoepfner Schwand-ner, . , , .

- . -, , . , , ;

- . , , ,

. - , . -, . . (. 4).

- - . - , - - 338 .. 3 .. - , - . -

. 114 & 44

8. , .

7. , (Reg. I.11.12-15).

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. - - . atrium - .

(Cosa), 273 .. 1960. , - - (. 5). 1:4, - . 2 .., . - . - . , . , -, 5. - , - -, . , , .

- . -, , 1:2, . - - . , . , -. . -, - . , . ,

. -, - (. 6). - .

, - -. . , , - , - . - , -

& . 114 45

9. , , - atrium.

114_Sewell_114 05/03/2010 11:36 Page 45

. , , - , , - . , 2 3 -, - . , - . - , - , (. 1, G).

. Casa del Principe di Napoli, 2 .. (. 1, ). , . - 3 1 .. - . - - - - . - , - (Fregellae) (.1, F G). Hoffmann (. 7). , . - 79 .. impluvium ( ), - - . -, - . - -. , , - , - -. , 4 -

. - . , , - - - .

- , 3 . 4 . (. 1). - , . -, , - . - . - , - . -. . - - . , , . , , - .

atrium , , , - . , - - . territorium (pedes, centurion, eques). E. Fentress - , , - - , . - - , actus quad-rans (0,126 ).

. 114 & 46

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- , - , .

-, 328 .. (. 8). , 2 .. , , . - - . , , . 8 - atrium . , -

. , . - atrium.

atrium atrium - impluvium. atrium - 2 (. 9). Atrium - , , impluvium, (. 10). atrium - tablinum, . -

& . 114 47

10. , (Casa di Orfeo, Reg. VI.14.20). impluvium atrium, tablinum, (.: G. Sicoe).

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, . atrium alae (), - , - atrium. atrium - . 2 .., , - , . .6

, atrium . 1:2. : , , . , - atrium . - , , - . - atrium , . (. 8). - , . , - atrium, tablinum , alae. atrium , , .

, , atrium - . - - 6 5 - .., : tablinum, alae impluvium . - atrium, .

, , - atrium, - . atrium .

atrium - . -, . - 3 .., . , -, . A , , .

, , 3 .., : - - , atrium - . atrium, - - . atrium , - . . , - , - -. atrium , , (Her-culaneum). , atrium . , , , - .

. 114 & 48

114_Sewell_114 05/03/2010 11:36 Page 48

- .

:

1 Jamie Sewell, The Formation of Roman Urbanism (338BC to 200 BC), Journal of Roman Archaeology Supplementary Series,Portsmouth RI.2 6.32.13 W. Dittenberger (.), Orientis graeci inscriptiones selectae (OGIS) 229 Sylloge inscriptionum graecarum3 344.4 Inscriptiones Graecae IV2 , 109.5 , , 1266a-b, 1301b , 737B.6 Vitruvius, De Architectura 6.3.1-6.

& . 114 49

BRUNO V.J. / SCOTT R.T., Cosa IV. The Houses, Memoirs of the Ameri-can Academy in Rome 38, 1993.CAHILL N., Household and City Organization at Olynthus, New Haven 2002. CASTAGNOLI F., Ippodamo di Mileto e lurbanistica a pianta ortogonale, 1956.COARELLI F., La storia e lo scavo, F. COARELLI / P.G. MONTI(.), Fregellae 1. Le fonti, la storia, il territorio, 1998, . 29-71.COULTON J.J., Greek architects and the transmission of design, Ar-chitecture et socit de larchasme grec la fin de la rpublique Romaine, 1983, . 453-470.FENTRESS E. .., Cosa V: An Intermittent Town. Excavations 1991-1997,University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 2003.HOEPFNER W. / SCHWANDNER E.-L., Haus und Stadt im klassischenGriechenland: Neubearbeitung, Wohnen in der klassischen Polis 1, - 1994.HOFFMANN A., Ein Beitrag zum Wohnen im vorrmischen Pompeji, Ar-chitectura 10 (1980), . 1-14.McKAY A.G., Houses, Villas and Palaces in the Roman World, 1975. MAIER F.G., Griechische Mauerbauinschriften, . 2: Untersuchungen, 1961.NAPPO S.C., Urban transformation at Pompeii, late 3rd and early 2nd c.B.C., R. LAURENCE / A. WALLACE-HADRILL (.), DomesticSpace in the Roman World: Pompeii and Beyond, Journal of Roman Ar-chaeology Supplementary Series 22, Portsmouth RI 1997, . 91-120.RAECK W., Priene. Neue Forschungen in einem alten Grabungsort. MitBeitrgen von H. Bankel, H. Fahlbusch, A. Hennemeyer, A. von Kienlin, A.Leibhammer, E. Nagel, F. Rumscheid, C. Schneider, Istanbuler Mitteilun-gen 53 (2003), . 313-423.SCHULLER W. / HOEPFNER W. / SCHWANDNER E.-L. (.), Demo-kratie und Architektur. Der hippodamische Stdtebau und die Entstehungder Demokratie, Wohnen in der klassischen Polis 2, 1989.SEWELL J., Trading places? A reappraisal of the fora at Cosa, Ostraka(2005), . 91-114.STROCKA V.M., Casa del principe di Napoli: Huser in Pompeji I, Tbingen1984.WALLACE-HADRILL A., Rethinking the Roman atrium house, R.LAURENCE / A. WALLACE-HADRILL (.), Domestic Space in theRoman World: Pompeii and Beyond, Journal of Roman Archaeology Sup-plementary Series 22, Portsmouth RI 1997, . 219-240.

. 1: 1A-D: Hoepfner W. / E.-L. Schwandner, Haus und Stadt im klassis-chen Griechenland, 1994, . 321, . 3061E: S.C. Nappo, R.Laurence / A. Wallace-Hadrill (.), Domestic Space in the Roman World:Pompeii and Beyond, Portsmouth 1997, . 104, . 111F: F.Coarelli, F. Coarelli / P.G. Monti (.), Fregellae 1. Le fonti, la storia,il territorio, 1998, . III, . 4 1G: V.J. Bruno / R.T.Scott, Cosa IV. The houses, 1993, . 53, . 10 1H: A. Wallace-Hadrill, The social structure of the Roman house, Papers from the BritishSchool at Rome 56 (1988), . 87, . 16.. 2-3: W. Hoepfner / E.-L. Schwandner (.), .., . 184, . 174 . 83, . 60 . . 4: L. Campagna, Una nuova abitazione ad EracleaMinoa: primi dati, F. DAndria / K. Mannino (.), Richerche sullacasa in Magna Graecia e in Sicilia: atti del colloquio, Lecce, 23-24 Guigno1992, Galatina 1996, . 112 ( ).. 5-6: V.J. Bruno / R.T. Scott, .., . 80, . 22 . 25, . 11 -.. 7: A. Hoffmann, Ein Beitrag zum Wohnen im vorrmi-schen Pompeji, Architectura 10 (1980), . 6, . 3b.. 8: . . 1F.. 9: E. Fentress .., Cosa V: An Intermittent Town. Excavations 1991-1997, Ann Arbor 2003, . 16, . 5.

The Roman adaptation of Greek houseJamie Sewell

When the Romans started to found colonies in the later 4th cen-tury BC they were without experience in constructing urban res-idential quarters. It seems as though they turned to Greek ex-pertise for the solution. With a careful analysis of earliest knowndomestic architecture of the Roman colonies it can be demon-strated that it was based on the Greek prostas house, a popularform of urban dwelling of the 5th and 4th centuries BC across theeastern Mediterranean. To understand the phenomenon it hasnecessitated a reinterpretation of how a predetermined designwas employed for the mass-construction of houses in new foun-dations of this period. Architectural designs permitted a projectscosts to be estimated before work commenced, and aided re-source management in general. They could also be utilised toensure that building materials were distributed equally amongsthouse-builders. The design was probably limited to basic struc-tural elements so that households could shape the remainingspace to their requirements. The employment of architectural de-signs for new urban residential quarters therefore reflects a sys-tem for efficient mass-construction which the Romans hadadapted at least by the later 3rd century BC for their urbanisationprogramme in Italy. This is reflected not only in their use of pre-determined house designs but also in their adaptation of estab-lished Greek architectural forms. The Roman property classesare reflected in differentiated house-plot sizes and house designs,but even the form of dwelling reserved for the highest propertyclass, the atrium house, reveals a Greek influence.

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