Oxidative Phosphorylation

Part 2

Chapter 19

Oxidative Phosphorylation Part 2

Key Topics: To Know

1.How cells deal with reactive oxygen species (ROS).2.Calculating ΔGo’ of the Proton Motive Force.3.Membrane ATPase and how it works.4.Cytoplasmic NADH getting into the mitochondria.5. Adenylate Control.6. Mitochondia and apoptosis.7.PMF can be used to ?

ROS : Reactive Oxygen Species

ΔG of the Proton Motive Force

Nobel Prize for Chemiosmotic Model = PMF

Converting PMF to ATP

Mitochondrial Respiration+Phosphorylation

EOC Problem 9: Compartmentalization of Citric Acid Cycle.

Adjusting the pH Generates ATP

Molecules that Collapse the PMF

DNP is an Uncoupler

EOC Problem 6: Figuring out what happens with uncouplers.

Odorous Flowers that Heat Up Using Uncoupled Respiration

Worked out F1 ATPase kinetic mechanism + First purified the FoF1 ATPase

ATP Synthase

ATP Synthase Catalyzes by Steps

F1 Fo ATP synthase

F1 Complex

Used to Inhibit ATP Synthase Reaction

F1 ATPase Spinning

ATP Synthase Seen Rotating !

ATP Synthase Substrate Transport

ADP and Pi are products of Anabolism

EOC Problem 11 is the

effect of ADP and Pi on ATP

Synthesis.

Get Ready, NADH formed in Cytoplasm

in Next

Glycolysis NADH Enters the Mitochondria by the Malate Aspartate Shuttle

NADH from Glycolysis Can Also Get in by Glycerol Phosphate DH

Also has a Anabolic Role

EOC Problems 13 and 14: Get in to the Pasteur Effect and “Petites” in Yeast Colonies. Fun stuff.

Adenylate Control of Glycolysis/CAC/e-transport

1. Acceptor Control: availability of ADP + Pi

2. Mass action ratio: [ATP]/([ADP] [Pi])

EOC Problem 17 Gets into the rate of ATP turnover in heart muscle…the muscle that always has to be “on”.

EOC Problem 18 Gets into the same in insect flight muscle.

Inhibitory Protein IF1 Stops Loss of ATP During Ischemia that is Hypoxia

IF (red and white) forms dimers at pH 6.5 to Stop Rotation of ATP Synthase

Thermogenin – Protein Uncoupler in Brown Fat

Mitochondria in Adrenal Gland: P-450 Oxygenases Specialized for Steroid Synthesis

Electron Flow to P-450

Apoptosis is Regulated by the

Mitochondria

Initiates a series of proteasess

Stress, Damage

EOC Problem 19: relates mitochondrial function to cancer. Hint think about the first couple of slides.

Escherichia coli Electron Transport

Bacterial Quinone

Bacteria Use the PMF to Rotate Their Flagella

Proton Motive Force Functions To

1. Synthesize ATP (from ADP + Pi).

2. Active Transport (Symports, Antiports, Uniports; review Chapter 11).

3. Rotate Bacterial Flagella.

4. Reversed Electron Transport (some Photosynthetic and Chemoautotrophic Bacteria)

Things to Know and Do Before Class1. How cells deal with reactive oxygen

species (ROS).

2. Calculating ΔGo’ of the Proton Motive Force.

3. Membrane ATPase and how it works.

4. Cytoplasmic NADH getting into the mitochondria.

5. Adenylate Control.

6. Mitochondria and apoptosis.

7. PMF can be used to ?

8. EOC Problems: 6, 9, 11,13,14, 17, 18, 19.