CASTThe Cern Axion Solar Telescope

Κωνσταντίνος Ζιούτας,Τμήμα Φυσικής, Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών

CERN, 16/11/2012

Fritz Zwicky 1898 – 1974

http://sax.iasf-milano.inaf.it/Xashelp/index.html

There is no Royal Way … to axions, chameleons,…, solar physics!

Euclid Ptolemy I -2300

http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/dark+matter encyclopediahttp://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Galaxy+rotation+problem

Πυρηνικές δυνάμεις πρόβλημα

Νετρόνιο => ουδέτερο

+ -Λύση: axion σκοτεινή ύλη ( Big Bang), Ήλιο >>> CAST Εργαστήριο, π.χ., OSQAR / CERN

2

Beyond Standard Model physics!

Axions … to explain DM -> …and more!?

Khoury + Weltman 2004Chameleons … to explain DE

CHs: inspiring particles!

Rigorous theory missing

Search on a wide front for:solar-, lab-, cosmic - a/CHs

Higgs

4

Sun: A perfectly shielded “radioactive” source of exotica

Solar Axions:

Visible light

ν’s

AxionsChameleons Paraphotons...WISPs

+ more? - 4mm

mfp γthermal

Rsurface

|

~2 sec

~106 years

Visible light

tachocline

1 km

1cm-3000km 0km

Bsolar essential!

.. truely LSW!Random walk over L: Conversion ~(BsolarL)2

http://www.solarviews.com/eng/sun.htm6

SUN: 5 Mtons / s of energy is released

~100 ktons ~axions / s … …

overlooked?!

10%

Corona … enigma…. 1939 …?? the coronal heating mechanism remains unknown!

B. De Pontieu, et al., Science 331 (2011) 55, ttp://www.sciencemag.org/content/331/6013/55.abstractSee also http://www.sciencemag.org/content/suppl/2011/01/05/331.6013.55.DC1/De-Pontieu.SOM.pdf

Overlooked ~axions, ~Chameleons, … WISPs!?

26

One of the most enduring problems in modern astrophysics is to explain:

how the MK solar corona is created and sustained.S.J. Bradshaw, J.A. Klimchuk, J.W. Reep, http://xxx.lanl.gov/pdf/1209.0737.pdf

One of the most enduring problems in modern astrophysics is to explain how the MK solar corona is created and sustained.

S.J. Bradshaw, J.A. Klimchuk, J.W. Reep, http://xxx.lanl.gov/pdf/1209.0737.pdf

Note: Bʘ ignored sofar…

a / CH -helioscope

6

The Primakoff Effect 1951

g

×B,Ε

H. Primakoff

Behind all present axion work!

axion

7

2

GeV10g

110aγ

keV4.2Ea

CERN Axion Solar Telescope + Chameleons

Production: Primakoff effectThermal photons interactingwith solar nuclei produce Axions.

Detection Inverse Primakoff: axion interacting coherently with a strong magnetic field (~B2) converts to a photon

Signal: excess of X-rays during alignment over background

Differential axion flux on Earth

Paγ (g10)2∙1.7∙10-17

9

Pierre Sikivie 1983

the only moving telescope @ 1.8K

g

BX

gvirtual

α

CAST

9

1.7 m

X-Ray Telescope

11

C E R N C o u r i e r A p r i l 2 01 0

CAST

11

ALPS / DESY

CAST

ADMX

CDM axion search

CDM axions / ALPs

μέλλον?

Chameleons

Transparent windows• Nanotubes material : base material Al2O3 tests in progress at DESY UoPatras

• Feasibility for Kapton based using Microbulk techniques honeycomb Saclay

26

321/7/2012

Isotropic Compton-scattering = f(column density) [≈0 / ≈1]

CAST in space? YES!!

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It is remarkable + fascinating that the Sun emits intense X-rays... mystery

S. Tsuneta, AAPPS Bulletin, 19(#3) (2009) 11 http://www.cospa.ntu.edu.tw/aappsbulletin/data/19-3/11Hinode.pdf

SPHINX :

- confirmed best in 2009 extreme solar minimum

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CAST solar physics?

γ - deficit / excess

( [Bʘ]2 + ρ ) (dis)appearance of photonsa/CH signal

spatiotemporal dependence“unexpected”

@ ARs

transient events, e.g.: nanoflares

ΔT/T ∼a few×10-

5

CMB

ΔΤ ≈ ± 200μK

ΔT/T ∼ 103

New physics! » new physics?!

3000K6000K

SUN

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http://www.astro.helsinki.fi/press/CCEJulAXIONS19-22-3rd.pdf K. Zioutas,CERN Courier July/August 2006

Axion community support open accessPublications are the major output of scientific research and should be made available in their final form to the widest possible audience. In his talk Jens Vigen, CERN’s head librarian, underlined the importance of the axion community’s decision to challenge the current publishing paradigm that is based on publication behind toll barriers, and supported unanimously the open-access initiative advocated by CERN. For example, Living Reviews in Solar Physics, published by the Max Planck Society, is an interesting new title published as open access. Vigen appreciated the willingness of the CAST collaboration to make data from the experiment freely available worldwide (CERN Courier May 2003 p50).

2006

An ongoing revolution

in all science in all times

…exciting times!

Σας ευχαριστώ!