: , , , , , , - , - , . - , , . , . - , - ,

1.

[1]

( ) , . . , , , - , , - , , , .1

1 Kaufmann (Kons. Partei, . 137) . Mannheim , (Kons. Denken, . 423). 1789, Mannheim (. , . 3). Valjavec , (Entst. d. Kons., . 141, . Entst. d. pol. Strm., . 5). Valjavec , (. .. Entst. d. pol. Strm., . 255 ..), . , . Greiffenhagen, Valjavec . , 18 , [John] Donne (Dilemma, . 41 ..) societas civilis [ () ] (. . , . 1) Greiffenhagen - . (Dilemma, . 16) ( Gerstenberger, Konserv. i. d. Weim. Rep., . 332) , -, ..

2

. 3

- - , , 18 .2

Mser Gehlen. Greiffenhagen , . Ribhegge , . , , (Konserv., . 122, 112 ..). Ribhegge 1789 ( ), 1848 , . (Konserv., . 125), - - (Konserv., . 126 ..). - , Ribhegge, , . - Huntington, , . , (Conservatism, . 455, 468 ..). , 19 , . . Huntington , 16 . [, , , .]

2 18 Palmer (Zeitalter, . 66 ..), , Valjavec, gret Lefebvre, 18 , (. 35). Epstein, , -

4

, , , , -. - .

.3

. - , (Ursprunge, . 17 ..), ( status quo, , ) - , , , , .

3 Cecile natural conservatism [ ], .. (Con servatism, . 24 .., 39). Romein , 18 , (ber den Konserv., . 229, 237). Romein . Cecile Mannheim - (Kons. Denken, . 412 ..). (. Valjavec, Entst. d. Kons., . 141) - . , Mannheim , (Kons. Denken, . 413). , Mannheim, Rohden, : , - .

. 5

(, , ) - . - , , - . - - . , , , , - , , , , , .4 - . - . - - , - , . . . ,

, (Deutsch. u. franz. Konserv., . 94, 96).

4 . . 3 Rohden.

6

, , .

-, , . , , . , . , . : - - . , , . - .. - . - - , . - . -

. 7

, , . - , - , , , laissez-faire . .

- - . - , .5 - , . societas civilis - . , , , , societas civilis. - - - . societas civilis

5 . Schoeps, Konserv. Erneuerung, . 22. Schoeps , .. (. 20).

8

, , , - . , - , , . - - 18 19 societas civilis . , .. societas civilis , , , - .

societas civilis, 17 , , - . - , - , - - . - . , - . ,

. 9

, -- , , - , 6 - .. -. .

( -, - )7 , - ( - - ..) - .8

6 . . , , . .

7 Rohden 1800 (Deutsch. u. franz. Konserv., . 128). Greiffenhagen .

8 . . 6 P. Kondylis, Aufklrung, . 36 .. [=. , , . , 31998, . , . 47, ..].

10

( ). , ( ) - ( ) . - , . , - , . , . , - .

- , - - . - , - . -, , .9 , - . - .

9 . Schoeps, Kons. Erneuerung, . 22 Wilson, Anatomy, . 341 .. Burke, . . , . 4.

. 11

- - , - , - , . , - 10 . , : ; -, , , , . , , - . , - .

( ) - ( ) , . (

10 - , - , .

12

), , . , , - () - - () , . ( ), : ; ( ) . , , , , . - () , , , , , , . - ( ) , , ( ) .

, , . . . ( - ).

. 13

. , -, , , - ( ) .11 - . , , , , .

, , . - . , , , .12 - , . - , ,

11 The Invention of Tradition, Hobsbawm Ranger.

12 .. Merkatz, Kons. Funktion, . 72. . .. Kaltenbrunner, Der schwierige Konserv., . 36.

14

, , (- ) ( ) - . : , , , , , . , , , : , ; . - , .. - . , . - , , , : -, - , .

- , . . ,

. 15

- . . . societas civilis . societas civilis , , , . ( ) societas civilis , , . , - , societas civilis . -. ( ) - . - ( - , - ), - , -

16

societas civilis ( ) ( ). , , , , , .

-. , , , societas civilis. , , 18 .13 18 - - , . , . - - , - . : societas civilis

13 P. Kondylis, Aufklrung, . 42 .., 170 .. [=, 57 .., 211 ..].

. 17

- - , 16 . , societas civilis , () . , , , , . - .

, - . ( ) , , . , - , 18 societas civilis, , , () -, ( ) .. -, , societas civilis ( ), ,

18

, , , - , , societas civilis . societas civilis , , societas civilis - , , societas civilis, . - 16 , , 19 , . 1800 - , - . , . 1800 - societas civilis . , , societas civilis ..

. 19

, 18 19 -, . . - - 18 . 1800 , , , , , , societas civilis, , . - societas civilis, . - .

, - , , ( -), - . , ( M. ) .

20

: , - . ( ) - . - . . , , , , societas civilis, - . -, societas civilis , , . , , , .. .

. . 19

. 21

,14 , . , - - . - , , , , , . , . - - () .15 , . , ( ) , , , , . - .

14 . Vierhaus, Konservativ-Konservativismus.15 , , Bruno Bauer:

- , Der christliche staat und unsere Zeit (1841) = Feldzgl, 7.

22

2.

- , societas ci vilis , , , . - ( ), - ( ) -, societas civilis, - - . , , . . () , ( ) . , - , 1800 - .

. ,

. 23

- ( ) -, . 19 , , . . . ( ) . - , - , , , , - - . , , , , , . -, , , , . -, , , -- , , () , 19 , , . -

24

, ( , ) , , , . - 19 , . , , - , - , - .

- 19 20 , - , , , . - - , , , , , . : - 19 -, . , , . . . .. ,

. 25

, . . , , . , , - , , , .16 , , , (ancien rgime) . - : , , - , , , - . -, - . - , , - ( ) , , - - .

16 Acton Maine . Brinton, Thought, . 205, 275 .. , Brinton, Acton Maine (. 198 .., 266 ..), Barker, Pol. Thought, . 145 .. ( Maine Stephen), Lippincott, Vict. Critics, . 144 .. ( Stephen, Maine Lecky). Salisbury, . IV, . 1.

26

- , -. 1929, , , - ( , , - ). , : .17 -, . - , . , , , - , , , . , , - .18

17 . Rpke, Gesellschaftskrisis, . 15 .., 23 .., 85 .., Civitas humana, . 112 .., 133 .., 241 .. Rpke .

18 , . . .. Schwarzkopf, Was ist heute kons.?, . 48. Schwarzkopf (- , , ) .

. 27

, , , , .19 , , . - - , . - . , .., , , - , , , - - , 19 , , .20 -, - .21

19 - , 1900 Mallock. . Kirk, Cons. Mind, . 345 ..

20 Gesellschaftskrisis, . 41 ..21 . Hayek

, - , ,

28

, () - 19 , . , , landed interest [ ] - -

Rpke. - , Tocqueville Acton (. ), ( - ) . Whig [ ] - John Russel ( 1850), Whig liberal-conservative [-] (Hayek, Verfassung, . 485, 488, 492, 493 . 15). conservative Meyer, , , , - , (Conserv., - . 5 .., 12). , Kaltenbrunner, , , - . , , Kaltenbrunner: , (Der Konservative, . 7 .., 18 Der schwierige Konserv., . 51). ( ) () philosophy of imperfection directed to the defence of a limited style of politics [ ], . . .. OSullivan, Conservatism, . 12 ..

. 29

, ( ) , ( ).22 () . - . - , laissez-faire, (, , - ..), . - , . - , . : - - laissez-faire () ..23 - , - .24 , ,

22 . . IV, . 1, 1.23 . Hailsham, Conservative Case, .

19 .., 28 .., 64, 70, 94 .., 97, 114.24 . .. Coote, Cons. and Lib., . 207 ..

30

, , ( - ) () , , . .

- . - - , , , - -- . , - , - , - . . , , ( ) -. () . , 19, 18 13 ( ), 20 - -.25 ,

25 Rossiter, Conserv., . 17.

. 31

, - , 1800.26 , .27 , .

- , . , (, , ,

26 - Elm , -, - - . Elm - , , Elm, -, (Traditionen, . 13, 15). Grebing , Marwitz Gentz, , (Aktuelle Theorien, . 23 .., 32 .. Konservative, . 35, 38, 45, 47). Grebing .

27 Kaltenbrunner, , Chateaubriand, , . .. Haller A. Mller, Baader, Gentz, Ranke ( ) Tocqueville (Der schwierige Konserv., . 26, 28).

32

..) , . , , , -. - ; , . - , , . , - , - , , , . - - -, - - .28 , , , - , - .29

28 Gerstenmaier, Was heit heute kons.?, . 29. . Clarke, Cons. Faith, . 8 .. . Friedrich, Neo-Lib., . 514.

29 Kuehnelt-Leddihn, Neukons. u. Neulib., . 123 .., 131. ..

. 33

-- .30 , , .31 - - .32 , - .

-, , . , , , ,

30 . Schningh, Was heit heute konserv.?, . 33.31 . Nawroth, , ,

- (Sozial- u. Wirtschaftsphil. d. Neolib., . 425).

32 Kaltenbrunner, Der Konservative, . 11. Topitsch - (Aufgekl. u. unaufgekl. Kons., . 12). - (. 13), - ( ) : ( ) ( ), .

34

-. - , . - , .33 34 ( , - , ) . - - , .35 , .36 - - . , ( 18 ) - . () , ,

33 Friedrich (Neo-Lib., . 518) OSullivan (Cons., . 115).34 . .. Rossiter, Conserv., . 25 ..35 Feiling, Principles, . 135.36 . Cowling, Present Position, . 9.

. 35

, : , - , . , - , , - , . - , , , . , - .

- - , , , . - . - - . . , , 1800, , , , - societas civilis ..

36

. - () . . - , . - , , , , , - .37 , - , - . - - ; , ;

, , - , , (, -, , ) , , , - , , -

37 . Landshut, Restauration, . 50.

. 37

.38 , , , , , - - . - , - . , - , , , , - . . - , . , 18 19 . , , , ,

38 Clarke, Cons. Faith, . 14 .., Nisbet, Quest., . 9-11.

38

. , . - , . . , , , , -, . - . , , - , , , - . . , : .

- , , , . ( )

. 39

.39 .40 , , , , . ( ) , : ; , - . - , , , - . , . , , , . , , , . 41 , ,

39 . Casey, Tradition.40 . Gamble, Cons. Nation, . 112. ..41 . .. Merkatz, Kons. Funktion, . 71.

40

, . , -. () , - , - ,42 , , - .43 -- .. -, . .

-, - , , . - . : - , - , . . , , -

42 . .. Clarke, Cons. Faith, . 23.43 . 181 Conservative Party, ,

, Clarke - Britains need to-day is the full use of her productive resources in the most efficient way [ . ].

. 41

. , , - : the greatest happiness of the greatest number [ ] - , - , .44 . , , , , - , - , .45 , , . - , : ;, . .. 46 , . , -, , . : ; , -

44 Conservative Party [ ] . . .. Gamble, Cons. Nation, . 57 .., 74 ..

45 . .. Epstein, Pol. of Brit. Conserv., . 37.46 Rpke, Gesellschaftskrisis, . 41.

42

. , , : , . . - () -, . .

-, . , : , , , -. . - , , . , -, - , , -, . - 20 , . - , .

. 43

() . , ( , , ), , 19 , - . 19 .. . - , societas civilis, ( laissez-faire ) , - . ( ) , - , . - . - , - . , - , , . - , .

44

, , , , , -, , .

() - . - , . , , - - - ,47 , . , , , . , - , . , 48 laissez-faire, - , ,49 19 , ,

47 . . Epstein, Pol. of Brit. Conserv., . 37 ..48 . .. Butler, Industrial Charter, . 46 .., 48.49 . .. Clarke, Cons. Faith, . 22 .., 34.

. 45

- .50 , , , - , , .51 Conservative Party [ ], , - , 19 , 20 laissez-faire , ..52 - , , .53 - . 19 laissez faire, , , , , - , . 20 , , , ,

50 . Greenleaf, Mod. Brit. Conserv., . 207 .., 194 ..51 . .. Feiling, Principles, . 133.52 Hailsham, Cons. Case, . 57 .., 66 .., Clarke, Cons.

Faith, . 7 . Epstein, Pol. of Brit. Cons., . 30 ..53 . . IV, . 2.

46

. , .

, , , - . - , -, laissez-faire , , . - , .54 -

54 .. Viereck (Cons. Revisited, . 18, 130 ..). Kirk liberal [] radical [] socialist [] ( , ..) democracy [-] ( ) old style liber-tarian democracy [ ], (Cons. Mind., . 413 Kirk - , . . 265 .. . . 15 18). liberal Rossiter , sensible liberal [ ] (Cons., . 55 ..). -

. 47

, , , ( ) - . -, , 55 -- . , - collectivistic materialism (sic) of Marx and other socialists [ (sic) ], planned society [ ] the sterile mass-mind [ ] miserable collectivism which impoverishes both soul and body (sic) [ ] -.56 - ( : ),57 - .58

( ) classical liberalism [ ] 19 in its commitment to individual liberty and its corollary commitment to an economic system free of state control [ ], liberalism [] , democratic socialism [ ] (Meyer, Cons., . 3 ..).

55 Goldwater Welfarism [ ] , , , much more compatible with the political progresses of a democratic society [ ] more difficult to combat [ ] (Conscience, . 70 ..).

56 Kirk, Cons. Mind, . 401, 405, 409 Konserv. in Aktion, . 206 ..57 Viereck, Cons. Revisited, . 22 .. Kirk, Cons. Mind, . 422, 432.58 Kirk, Konserv. in Aktion, . 205.

48

, - .59

, . , - , , - , , , . () - ( ), , , -, - ( - , ), . - , , - ( ), - ancient rgime [ ]. , -

59 . Cons. Mind, . 7 ..

. 49

, - , , , old wealth [ ] , , - nouveaux riches [] corporations [] , - .60 , , , , . - laissez-faire ( , ). 19 - , laissez-faire .61 - , .62

- ( )

60 . Auerbach, Cons. Illusion, . 69 .., 95 Crick, Strange Quest, . 373 Wilson, Anatomy of Cons., . 353.

61 . Fine, Laissez Faire and the General-Welfare State, . 167 .. ( Sumner . . 79 ..).

62 . Field (1873), Blatchford (1890) Peckham (1905) Sigler (.), Cons. Trad., . 257 .., 267 .., 289 ..

50

- .63

, , - ,64 business class [ ], - - , . . , - .65 the Conservative mood still fits our industrialists rather ill [ ] -, , .., , -.66 - , , , , .67 ,

63 . Crick, Strange Quest, . 365, 373 . Wright Mills, Cons. Mood, . 211, 212, 216.

64 OSullivan, Cons., . 148, Lewis, Metaphysics, . 740 .. Lewis Kirk. . Auerbach, Cons. Illusion, . 133 ..

65 Kirk, Cons. Mind, . 435 ..66 Rossiter, Cons., . 220 .., 229, 231 ..67 , . 244 ..

. 51

.68 - . , , ,69 . , - . . - . , production at an ever rising pace70 [ ] , - the indecent anti-statism of laissez-faire conservatism [ - laissez-faire], . , , , .71

, , , , , , , . -, , . - ,

68 , . 41.69 , . 221 ..70 , . 286 ..71 , . 277 ..

52

.72 , , - -, - . , , - .73 74 , . - , - , . . . - , - . . ,

72 Wilson, Theory of Cons. ( : The conservative of today hardly knows what to conserve [ ], . 29). Viereck (Cons. Revisited) Metternich, : , . Viereck 1968 .

73 Schoeps, Kons. Erneuerung, . 7, 19 ..74 . 1 .

. 53

, . ( ) . 75 , - . , , , . - . ,76 - . , , - .77 : , , ( , ) . : .. ,

75 Schoeps () Wagener - Gerlach (Kons. Erneuerung, . 79 ..). , .

76 , . 80 ..77 , . 19.

54

; , , - , - ; , . .

-, .78 - , .79 - -- ( ). ( - ) . , - . - , , , , , .80

78 . .. conservative mood [ ] Rossiter, Cons., . 47 ..

79 .. Oakeshott, conservative disposition [ ] (to prefer the familiar to the unknown, the tried to the untried, fact to mystery, the actual to the possible, the limited to the unbounded [ , , , , ] appearance of continuity [ ] On being Cons., . 169, 171) : , , .. (. 188 ..). This manner of politics calls for a mood of indifference [ ] (. 195).

80 Heer, Kons. u. d. Reaktion, . 497, 503, 512 .., 516, 525 ..

. 55

- (!!) -, , -, .81 - , , , .82 - , , - , . - , - .83 , , - ( ..,

81 Franzel, Versuch, . 157 .., 168.82 Ullmann, Der Kons. Mensch, . 90-92. -

Ullmann .

83 Zehrer, Heute wieder zukunftstrchtig. , - , Merkatz (Kons. Funktion, . 43 .., 67 ..), Romein, Zehrer (. , . 2). Merkarz ( , . 81 ..), , 1950 1960, - .

56

) . - . -, , , , ( ) - .84 - .

, - ,85 ( -) , . - , , : - .86 , . -. -

84 . Klett, Kons., . 845 .., 853.85 Kons. 1962, . 25, Von rechts, . 34 ..86 Kons. 1962, . 27, Von rechts, . 62, 15.

. 57

() -, , , . -, , ( , , , , ) - , . - , - , , , , , . , . , - . , - . , , .87 -

87 Schoeps, Kons. Erneuerung, . 79-81. Schoeps malgr soi [ ] . Wagener . ,

58

, .. . .88 , .89 -. , - .90 () -: , . - , , ( ) .91

() , , 19 , -. - - - .

, - - .

88 Von rechts, . 34.89 . Maschke, Ende.90 Friedrich, Neo-Lib., . 512, .91 Forsthoff, . Rechtsstaat

im Wandel, . 26, 39 .., 74 .. , , . , . IV, . 3, . 391.

. 59

- . , - , , - , , . , , , - , .. . - . , , - -, .92 , , .. .. , .. .., , , - . () . , - ..,

92 Eliot Dawson . OSullivan, Cons., . 134 .. Eliot , (Idea, . 15 .., 19).

60

.. .. , , ( ) , , , . . , , , , . , , . - .93

93 - - , . Grn., Was heit hier konservativ?, Eppler, Hasenclever Kroetz.