1 | www.BnBe.club
Learning ElectronicsThe Practical Way
BBox 1
(Discrete Components)
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Bits N Blobs Electronics
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330Ω , 5%
4.7KΩ , 10%
100KΩ , 5%
1st - 2nd - Multiplier - Tolerance
1st - 2nd - Multiplier - Tolerance
1st - 2nd - 3rd - Multiplier - Tolerance
0
1
2
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
1st
Digit
0
1
2
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2nd
Digit
0
1
2
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
3rd
Digit
1
10
100
10M
1M
100K
10K
1K
0.01
0.1
Multiplier
1
1
2
0.1
0.25
0.5
10
5
Tolerance
0.05
Silver
Gold
Black
Brown
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Violet
Grey
White
Resistor
Colour
Code
Electronics For Everyone |3
Contents
# PROJECT PAGE
P1 Basic LED Circuit 4
P2 Basic Potentiometer Circuit 6
P3 Basic Transistor Circuit 8
P4 LED OFF Time Extender 10
P5 LED Fade Circuit 12
P6 LED Multivibrator Circuit 14
P7 Night Light Circuit (LDR) 16
P8 Motion Detector Circuit 18
P9 Voltage Detector Circuit 20
P10 IR Intruder Alarm 22
P11 Motion Activated Relay 24
P12 Water Detector 26
# PROJECT PAGE
P13 Water Level Indicator 28
P14 Soil Moisture Detector 30
P15 Touch Switch 32
P16 Touch Alarm/Doorbell 34
P17 Clap Switch 36
P18 Transistor Siren 38
P19 Bi-stable LED Circuit 40
P20 Heat Detector 42
P21 DC Motor Speed Control 44
P22 Steady Hand Game (Buzzer) 46
P23 Basic Logic Gates 48
P24 Universal Logic Gates 50
www.BnBe.club/BBox1Visit the following link for an overview:
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P1: Basic LED Circuit
Description: We start by building a simple circuit that lights up an LED. Learn about cur-rent limiting resistors and LEDs.
Electronics For Everyone |5
P1: Basic LED Circuit
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Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
6 | www.BnBe.club
P2: Basic Potentiometer Circuit
Description: We learn about potentiometers and voltage dividers in this circuit, and we use a trimmer potentiometer (or trimpot) to vary the LED brightness.
Electronics For Everyone |7 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p2
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P2: Basic Potentiometer Circuit
8 | www.BnBe.club
P3: Basic Transistor Circuit
Description: Learn how to use a NPN transistor as a switch. We use skin resistance to switch on an LED.
Electronics For Everyone |9 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p3
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P3: Basic Transistor Circuit
10 | www.BnBe.club
P4: LED OFF Time Extender Circuit
Description: Add a delay to the LED OFF time using a capacitor. Learn about capacitor charging/discharging and also learn how to use PNP transistors.
Electronics For Everyone|11 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p4
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P4: LED OFF Time Extender Circuit
12 | www.BnBe.club
P5: LED Fade Circuit
Description: Add a fade-in/fade-out effect to an LED using a resistor-capacitor (RC) cir-cuit.
Electronics For Everyone|13 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p5
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P5: LED Fade Circuit
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P6: LED Multivibrator Circuit
Description: Build an LED flasher circuit that toggles two LEDs. Learn about astable multi-vibrators.
Electronics For Everyone|15 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p6
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P6: LED Multivibrator Circuit
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P7: Night Light Circuit (LDR)
Description: Build a simple night light circuit that can detect ambient light and switch ON an LED. Learn about Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs).
Electronics For Everyone|17 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p7
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P7: Night Light Circuit (LDR)
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P8: Motion Detector Circuit (PIR)
Description: In this circuit, we activate an LED when motion is detected. Learn about Passive Infrared Sensors (PIRs)
Top View
Electronics For Everyone|19 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p8
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P8: Motion Detector Circuit (PIR)
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P9: Voltage Detector Circuit
Description: Use this circuit to determine the presence of alternating current in a wire. It uses a high gain amplifier to detect ambient noise.
(coiled wire)
Electronics For Everyone|21 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p9
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P9: Voltage Detector Circuit
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P10: IR Intruder Alarm
Description: This circuit allows you to detect when someone breaks an invisble infrared beam. This principle can be used to create an invisible intruder alarm. Learn about IR LEDs and photo-transistors.
SFH309
PT
IR
Electronics For Everyone|23 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p10
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P10: IR Intruder Alarm
24 | www.BnBe.club
P11: Motion Activated Alarm (Relay)
Description: We extend the motion sensing example to trigger a relay. This can be used to power external circuitry and build a series of night lights.
Top View
Electronics For Everyone|25 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p11
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P11: Motion Activated Alarm (Relay)
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P12: Water Detector
Description: This circuit can detect be used to detect water (or extremely humid environ-ments). It can also be used as a tilt detector.
Electronics For Everyone|27 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p12
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P12: Water Detector
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P13: Water Level Indicator
Description: Monitor the water in a storage tank using this simple circuit. It uses the same concept as the last project.
Electronics For Everyone|29 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p13
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P13: Water Level Indicator
30 | www.BnBe.club
P14: Soil Moisture Detector
Description: Let this circuit remind you to water your plants. Learn how to use different resistor values to detect different levels/thresholds.
Electronics For Everyone|31 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p14
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P14: Soil Moisture Detector
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P15: Touch Switch
Description: Build a simple touch switch. A small delay circuit has been added which ena-bles the output to be used as an input to another circuit.
Electronics For Everyone|33 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p15
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P15: Touch Switch
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P16: Touch Alarm/Doorbell
Description: Build a simple touch alarm that uses a single touch point that can be used as a doorbell.
Electronics For Everyone|35 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p16
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P16: Touch Alarm/Doorbell
36 | www.BnBe.club
P17: Clap Switch
Description: The circuit detects a clap and lights up the LED. A microphone is used to detect a sudden change in sound level.
Electronics For Everyone|37 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p17
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P17: Clap Switch
38 | www.BnBe.club
P18: Transistor Siren
Description: We build a switch operated transistor siren that uses the capacitor charging principle.
Electronics For Everyone|39 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p18
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P18: Transistor Siren
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P19: Bi-stable LED Circuit
Description: Build a bistable LED circuit. Pressing S1 turns OFF LED1 and switches ON LED2. The opposite happens when S2 is pressed.
Electronics For Everyone|41 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p19
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P19: Bi-stable LED Circuit
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P20: Heat Detector
Description: Learn about thermistors and build a crude fire detector. It detects the change in temperature and turns ON an LED.
Electronics For Everyone|43 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p20
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P20: Heat Detector
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P21: DC Motor Speed Control
Description: Learn how to control the speed of a DC motor using this simple circuit.
Electronics For Everyone|45 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p21
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P21: DC Motor Speed Control
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P22: Steady Hand Game (Buzzer)
Description: Use a buzzer to create a fun game that can be used to determine if you or your friend has a steady hand. Watch the video to learn more.
Electronics For Everyone|47 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p22
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P22: Steady Hand Game (Buzzer)
48 | www.BnBe.club
P23: Basic Logic Gates (NOT, OR, AND)
Description: Almost there! Learn about logic gates and get one step closer to moving on to BBox 2.
Electronics For Everyone|49 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p23
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P23: Basic Logic Gates (NOT, OR, AND)
50 | www.BnBe.club
P24: Universal Logic Gates (NOR, NAND)
Description: Learn about the universal logic gates that make up all the electronics you use everyday. Congratulations! You can now move on to BBox2.
Electronics For Everyone|51 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p24
Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:
P24: Universal Logic Gates (NOR, NAND)
Electronics For Everyone
We’re currently building #BnBe - a platform to help teach electronics no matter what the age or skill level.
Visit us at www.BnBe.club or www.BitsNBlobs.com to learn more.
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