0H

HA

Conditions

1. Randomization

2. Independence: Plausible Independence? 10% Condition -

3. np, nq ≥ 10

N( p, )

p +1σ +2σ +3σ-1σ-2σ-3σ

z = P( p ) = P( z ) =

< > ≠

Interpretation

If the , then the

probability of observing a sample

that is is .

null hypothesis is true

1

proportion/mean

2

less than, greater than,at least as extreme as

p-hat p-value

4

3

High p-valueHigh likelihood of happening through natural sampling variation

Low p-value Low likelihood of happening through natural sampling variation

Fail to Reject the Null Hypothesis

Reject the Null Hypothesis