CODEX-β: opening the book for CODEX-b
Philip Ilten
May 25, 2020
C O D E X – b
7th LLP Workshop
Ilten CODEX-b 1 / 25
Introduction
Expression of Interest arXiv:1911.00481 [hep-ex]
• A Compact Detector for Exotics at LHCb• letter of interest released last November, arXiv:1911.00481 [hep-ex]• letter of intent submitted• collaboration growing: 28 contributors and 16 institutes
Ilten CODEX-b 2 / 25
Introduction
CODEX-b in a Nutshell
x
ϕ
SM
SM
CODEX-b box
UXA shield
shield veto
IP8Pb shield
DELPHI
Ilten CODEX-b 3 / 25
Introduction
Zooming In
Ilten CODEX-b 4 / 25
Introduction
A Picture is Worth . . .
cτ
mLLP
←lighter(.10MeV)
heavier(&10GeV)→
←near ∼m far→
Forward(FASER, SHiP,NA62, . . . )
Transvers
e
(CODEX-b,
MATHUSLA, AL3X, . . . )
LHC coverage(ATLAS, CMS, LHCb)
SCHEMATIC
Ilten CODEX-b 5 / 25
Introduction
A Picture is Worth . . .
√s
mLLP
←lighter(.10MeV)
heavier(&10GeV)→
← lighter ∼ cc, bb, ττ h, t heavier →
LHC coverage(ATLAS, CMS, LHCb)
Forward(FASER, SHiP,
NA62, . . . )
Transverse(CODEX-b,
MATHUSLA, AL3X, . . . )
SCHEMATIC
Ilten CODEX-b 6 / 25
Introduction
Why CODEX-b?
1 we need a transverse detector at the LHC2 probes a wide range of LLP models; complementary or
competitive with existing/proposed detectors3 accessible zero background location with necessary services,
DELPHI/UXA cavern4 integration with LHCb trigger-less readout5 compact size and modest cost with ability to extend
Ilten CODEX-b 7 / 25
Introduction
Timing is Key (pre COVID-19)
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
LS 2 Run 3 LS 3
CODEX-β Production Install data taking Removal
CODEX-b ProductionPartial Install
2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033
Run 4 LS 4 Run 5
CODEX-b Productiondata taking
Remaining Install data taking
• significant progress has been made• priority is finalising CODEX-β design and plans• Birmingham (James Glover) working on technical drawings• more detailed design informed from CODEX-β
Ilten CODEX-b 8 / 25
Reach
Reach
Ilten CODEX-b 9 / 25
Reach
Model Overview
Vector (A′) hA′A′ F ′F
F ′F yes no reach
Scalar (S) SH†H S2H†H
SH†H yes yes
HNL (N) HLN
HLN yes
ALP (a) ∂µaqγµγ5q aGG aFF a(WW−BB)
yes yes pending pending
Production portalDecay portalUV operator
Ilten CODEX-b 10 / 25
Reach
Dark Photon
• no sensitivity to inclusive production from EM currents• sensitive to production from H → A′A′ decays
10−5
10−4
10−3
10−2
10−1
10−1 101 103
Br[ℎ
→𝐴
′ 𝐴′ ]
𝑐𝜏 [m]
𝑚𝐴′ = 0.5 GeV
ATLAS 2DVCODEX-bAL3X (100 fb−1)MATHUSLA(200)
10−1 101 103 105
𝑐𝜏 [m]
𝑚𝐴′ = 10 GeV
ATLAS 1DVATLAS 2DVCODEX-b
Ilten CODEX-b 11 / 25
Reach
Higgs Portalλ = 1.6 × 10−3
0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0
mS (GeV)
10−14
10−12
10−10
10−8
10−6si
n2θ
CODEX-b
300 fb−1
10 fb−1
NA62
CHARM
LHCb, 3 fb−1
LHCb, 300 fb−1
FASER2
SHiP
MATHUSLA
AL3X
Ilten CODEX-b 12 / 25
Reach
Gluon Coupled ALPs
CODEX-b, 300/fb
CHARM
Excl. 1811.03474
FASER2, 3/ab
REDTop, 1017pot
CODEX-b w/calo
MATHUSLA200, 3/ab,
ϵfloor=10-5
0.05 0.10 0.50 1 5 1010-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
mA[GeV]
c G
1/f PBC[GeV
-1]
ALP w/ gluon couplings, Λ=1TeV
Ilten CODEX-b 13 / 25
Reach
Heavy Neutral Leptons
10−10
10−8
10−6
10−4
10−2
0.2 1 10
|𝑈𝜏𝑁
|2
𝑚𝑁 [GeV]
NA62B factorySHiPMATHUSLA(200)FASER2CODEX-b
Ilten CODEX-b 14 / 25
Building CODEX-b
Building CODEX-b
Ilten CODEX-b 15 / 25
Building CODEX-b
Shielding
Lpre-veto
Lpost-veto
‘downstream’ stopp
ed-parent seco
ndary
rejectedby shield veto
µ
K0, n, . . .
µK0, n, . . .‘upstream’ stopped-parent secondarysuppressed by passive shield
CODEX-b UXA wall
shield veto
IP8Pb shield
Ilten CODEX-b 16 / 25
Building CODEX-b
Background Simulation
1
10−2
102
104
19 21 23 25 27
BG
Flux
/300
fb−
1
𝐿shield [𝜆Pb]
Type; 𝜀veto𝑛; 10−2
𝑛; 10−3
𝑛; 10−4
𝑛; 10−5
15 + 415 + 5
15 + 6
17 + 4 17 + 5 17 + 6
19 + 4 19 + 5 19 + 6
20 + 420 + 5
20 + 6
𝐾0𝐿; 10−2
𝐾0𝐿; 10−3
𝐾0𝐿; 10−4
𝐾0𝐿; 10−5
Ilten CODEX-b 17 / 25
Building CODEX-b
Background Measurement
0º (1) to beam line
0º (2) and 90º (3) to beam line
0º (4) to beam line
0º (5) and 45º (6) to beam line
Beam line
1
2,3
4
5,6
D3 platform
Ilten CODEX-b 18 / 25
Building CODEX-b
Background Measurement
• 0.2 Hz hit rate at point 2 indicates Geant4 prediction of 10 Hz isconservative
Ilten CODEX-b 19 / 25
Building CODEX-b
CODEX-β
• 2× 2× 2 m3 with central layer, each layer with triplet of RPCs• each layer made of 2× 1 m2 RPC block, 42 such layers• expected hardware cost of 150k EUR
1 Demonstrate the ability to detect and reconstruct charged particleswhich penetrate into the DELPHI cavern as well as the decayproducts of neutral particles decaying within the DELPHI cavern.
2 Detect and reconstruct a reasonable rate of neutral particlesdecaying inside the hermetic detector volume.
3 Show that CODEX-b can be integrated into the LHCb DAQ anddemonstrate an ability to give a trigger to LHCb to retain an eventthat looks interesting in CODEX-b.
Ilten CODEX-b 20 / 25
Building CODEX-b
Triplet Support
Ilten CODEX-b 21 / 25
Building CODEX-b
Outside Support
1951 mm
1892
mm
Ilten CODEX-b 22 / 25
Building CODEX-b
Full Structure
Ilten CODEX-b 23 / 25
Outlook
Outlook
Ilten CODEX-b 24 / 25
Outlook
Some Thoughts
• forward/beam-dump experiments give us light LLPs withmedium/long lifetimes and low
√s
• LHC detectors give us heavy LLPs with long lifetimes• transverse detectors give us light LLPs with long lifetimes and
high√s
• we need a transverse detector at LHC
• CODEX-b covers does not have world-leading reach . . .• covers significant portions of parameter space• low cost in comparison to other proposals
• clear path forward for building CODEX-b• first steps taken, CODEX-β plans underway
Looking for new collaborators!Ilten CODEX-b 25 / 25
Backups
Backups
Ilten CODEX-b 1 / 14
Backups
Widening the Net arXiv:1707.04591 [hep-ph]
SIMPs/ELDERS
UltralightDarkMa5er
Muong-2
Small-ScaleStructure
Microlensing
DarkSectorCandidates,Anomalies,andSearchTechniques
HiddenSectorDarkMa5er
SmallExperiments:CoherentFieldSearches,DirectDetecIon,NuclearandAtomicPhysics,Accelerators
GeV TeVkeVeVneVfeVzeV MeVaeV peV µeV meV PeV 30M☉
WIMPsQCDAxion
≈
GeV TeVkeVeVneVfeVzeV MeVaeV peV µeV meV PeV 30M☉
≈
Beryllium-8
BlackHoles
HiddenThermalRelics/WIMPlessDM
AsymmetricDM
Freeze-InDM
Pre-InflaIonaryAxion
Post-InflaIonaryAxion
Ilten CODEX-b 2 / 14
Backups
Simultaneous Searches
displaced prompt
target
shield detector
beam
detector
beam
• sensitive to long lifetimes• EM background free• difficult to normalise
• sensitive to shorterlifetimes
• bump hunt on large EMbackground
• normalised from sidebands
• do both simultaneously for best of both worlds
Ilten CODEX-b 3 / 14
Backups
Parameter Space JHEP 06 (2018)
10−2 10−1 100 101
mA′ [GeV]
10−6
10−5
10−4
10−3
10−2
ε
prompt
displaced
outside detector
50 fs
1500 fs
100000 fs
Ilten CODEX-b 4 / 14
Backups
LHCb Trigger LHCb, JINST 8 (2013)
detector
hardware
software disk
Run�2Run�3
5�TB/s O(10)�GB/s
0.7�GB/s
50�GB/s1�TB/s
• real-time calibration and full event reconstruction in Run 2• inclusive dimuon from threshold and jet triggers in Run 2• full detector readout in Run 3
Ilten CODEX-b 5 / 14
Backups
Higgs Portal
λ = 0 λ = 1.6 × 10−3
0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0
mS (GeV)
10−14
10−12
10−10
10−8
10−6
sin
2θ
10 fb−1
CODEX-b
300 fb−1
NA62
SHiP
MATHUSLA
FASER 2
CHARM
LHCb, 3 fb−1
LHCb, 300 fb−1
AL3X
0.5 1.0 2.0 5.0
mS (GeV)
10−14
10−12
10−10
10−8
10−6
sin
2θ
CODEX-b
300 fb−1
10 fb−1
NA62
CHARM
LHCb, 3 fb−1
LHCb, 300 fb−1
FASER2
SHiP
MATHUSLA
AL3X
b
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Ilten CODEX-b 6 / 14
Backups
Fermion Coupled ALPs
CODEX-b, 300/fb
LHCb, B→Kμμ
LHCb, B→K*μμ
CHARM
REDTop, 1017 pot
E949
FASER2, 3/ab
KLEVER, 5·1019pot
MATHUSLA200, 3/ab w/ ϵfloor=10-5
0.05 0.10 0.50 1 5 1010-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
10-7
10-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
mA[GeV]
c f g Y
ALP w/ universal fermion couplings, Λ=1TeV
Ilten CODEX-b 7 / 14
Backups
Heavy Neutral Leptons
10−10
10−8
10−6
10−4
10−2
0.2 1 10
|𝑈𝑒𝑁
|2
𝑚𝑁 [GeV]
NA62DUNESHiPMATHUSLA(200)FASER2CODEX-b
Ilten CODEX-b 8 / 14
Backups
Heavy Neutral Leptons
10−10
10−8
10−6
10−4
10−2
0.2 1 10
|𝑈𝜇
𝑁|2
𝑚𝑁 [GeV]
NA62DUNESHiPMATHUSLA(200)FASER2CODEX-b
Ilten CODEX-b 9 / 14
Backups
R-parity Violating Supersymmetry
• study from Dercks, Vries, Dreiner, and Wang in PRD 99 055039(2019)
benchmark coupling production decay products1 λ′122, λ
′112 D±s → χ0
1 + e± η, η′, φ,K0,± + νe, e∓
4 λ′131, λ′121 B0,± → χ0
1 +X0,± D±, D∗± + e∓
Ilten CODEX-b 10 / 14
Backups
R-parity Violating Supersymmetry
• study from Helo, Hirsch, and Wang in JHEP 07 056 (2018)
2 5 10 200.1 0.2 0.5 1 5010
-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
1
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
mχ10 [GeV]
cτ[m
]
Br(Z→2χ1
0)=10-5
MATHUSLA
CODEX-b
FASERR
2 5 10 200.1 0.2 0.5 1 5010
-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
1
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
mχ10 [GeV]
cτ[m
]
Br(Z→2χ1
0)=10-3
MATHUSLA
CODEX-b
FASERR
Ilten CODEX-b 11 / 14
Backups
Neutral Naturalness
• consider fraternal twin Higgs model and search for glueball
0 5 10 15 20 25
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
m0 (GeV)
mT(GeV
)CODEX-b
MATHUSLA
ATLAS 1DV
ATLAS 2DV
LHCb
substruct.h→invisible
Ilten CODEX-b 12 / 14
Backups
Dark Matter Models
• a number of models considered including inelastic, co-scattering,co-annihilation, etc.
105 4020
10-4
10-3
10-2
mχ1(GeV)
Sin
θ
mZD = 0.6 mχ1
ϵ = 10-3
α = 1α = 4π
CODEX-b (α=4π)
CODEX-b (α=1)
MATHUSLA (α=4π)
MATHUSLA (α=1)
Coannihilation(α=1)
Coannihilation(α=4π
)
Ilten CODEX-b 13 / 14
Backups
Backgrounds
• 1014 neutrons and K0L per 300 fb−1
• this requires 32λ of shielding• 7λ from UXA wall, 25λ from lead shield• expect ≈ 109 muons per 300 fb−1 which can produce secondaries• 103 K0
L per 300 fb−1 pass through the shield• need active layer in shield for vetoing• update of previous studies with detailed Geant4 study
Ilten CODEX-b 14 / 14
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