Results of Pulverization of Copper(II) Oxide(FCO-500) Sample

Original particle size of Copper(II) oxide(FCO-500) sample before crushing

is about 0.5-3μm.

SEM Image after 10min crushing

Although the particle size after 10min crushing became smaller than original

state, the larger particle was remained in some part without changing, the

particle size was about 0.5-3μm.

SEM Image after 30min crushing

After 30min crushing, although the larger particles are still remaining, the number of them

decreased and the number of the smaller particles increased, the particle size was about

0.5-3μm.

SEM Image after 60min crushing

In the prolonged time of crushing, it was clear that the number of the smaller

partcles further increased and that of the larger particles decreased more. The

particle size was 0.2-3μm.

In XRD results of copper(Ⅱ) oxide, the half width of the XRD peak is becoming broader

and broader with increasing crushuing time, showing decrease in the particle size.

Results of XRD

Relation between half width of XRD peak and size of crystal particle size is expressed by the following Scherrer's formula; D=(Kλ）/(βcosθ) where K is constant of geometrical factor（0.89）, λis wave length（0.154nm）, θis diffraction angle and βis broadening of diffraction peak＝half width of the peak height. Broadening of the diffraction peak is affected by other than the crystal particle size such as internal stress , lattice defect and etc.

Time/min 2θ/o β/rad Particle size/nm

0 38.76 0.39 23.4 10 38.75 0.44 20.6

30 38.75 0.5 18.2 60 38.78 0.65 14.1

According to the present results, the particle size was decreased from 23nm to

14nm. It was interested that the crystal particle is also crushed in the method.

It would be expected more if we start crushing from the smaller particle size, how

small we can make crushinng the particles.