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TUGAS PENGOLAHAN SINYAL DIGITAL

Disusun Oleh : KELOMPOK 05 TEDDY SEPTIANA JIHAN WAHYUDI AHADI ANGGUN RAHARJO ELISA WIDYANINGRUM SUWITNO H1C008030 H1C008034 H1C009029 H1C009037 H1C009039

KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN UNIVERSITAS JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNIK PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK ELEKTRO PURBALINGGA 2012

JAWABAN SOAL 2.1 Diberikan analog sinyal X(t) = 5 cos (2.1500t) untuk t 0 Pada 8080 Hz Ditanya : a) Spektrum dari sinyal b) Spektrum sinyal pada sampling 0-20 kHz Jawab : a) Analog signal pada 1500 Hz 5 cos (2 x 1500t) = 5 ( = 2,5 Maka C1 = 2,5 + + 2,5 C-1 = 2,5 )

Magnitude dari signal diperoleh : X(f) 2,5 f (kHz) b) Spektrum sinyal pada sampling 0-20 kHz n . f(s)

-1

1

7

8

9 15 16 17

JAWABAN SOAL 2.2 Diberikan sinyal analog X(t) = 5 cos (2.2500t) + 2 cos (2.3200t) untuk t 0 Ditanya : a. Spektrum dari sinyal, spektrum sinyal pada sampling 0-20 khz b. sketsa sinyal baik jika low pass filter dengan frekuensi 4 khz Jawab:

a) Sinyal Analog : X(t) = 5 cos (2 . 2500t) + 2 cos (2 . 2200t) untuk t 0 Dengan Euler diperoleh X(t) = X(t) = 2,5 + 2,5 + + +1 + +

Maka samping spektrum pada magnitude : Xs(f)

F kHz-11 -10 -8 -6 -5 -3 -2 2 3 5 6 8 10 11 13 14 16 18 19

b) Sinyal balik jika low pass filter f = 4 kHz

-3

-2

2

3

JAWABAN SOAL 2.3 Diberikan sinyal : x(t) = 5 cos (2. 2500t) + 2 cos (2. 4500t); t0 dengan frekuensi sample 8000 Hz a. Gambarkan spectrum sinyal sample hingga 20 Khz b. Gambarkan spectrum sinyal yang tercover sebuah lowpass filter idea dengan frequency cut off 4 khz yang digunakan untuk memfilter sunyal yang ditentukan untuk mengcover sinyal asli c. Tentukan frekuensi ganguan analog Jawab: a). Dengan identitas Euler :

5 cos (2. 2500t) + 2 cos (2. 4500t) =

+

+

+

Xs(f) 2,5

kHz-8 -5,5-4,5 -3,5 2,5 3,5 4,5 5,5 8 10,5 12,5 16

b).

Xs(f) kHz -4,5 -3,5 -2,5 2,5 3,5 4,5

c). Frekuensi ganguan Aliansing = 3,5 Khz JAWABAN SOAL 2.4 x ( t )=10cos ( 2 5500t )+ 5sin ( 2 7500t ) for t 0 ( e 2 5500t+ e j2 5500t ) ( e 2 7500t e j2 7500t ) a. 10 +5 2 2 =5 e 5 e 2 5500t + 5 e j2 5500t+ 2,5 e 2 7500t + 2,5 e j2 7500t b.

5 -7500 -5500 -2,5

5

2,5

5500 7500

0 -8 -4 6 -6,5 -1,5 -0,5 0,5 1,5 4 6 6,5 8

JAWABAN SOAL 2.5 0,1uF

Vin

2,25 kohm

2,25 kohm Vo

0,05 uF

JAWABAN SOAL 2.6 fs= 4000hz fc =500hz fa =1000hz 1 2x1 1+ ( ) 0,5 2,2360 n =1, aliasing noise level 0 / 0 = = =36,75 0 / 0 2x1 6,0827 1 1+ ( 4 ) 0,5 1 2x2 1+ ( ) 0,5 4,1231 n =2, aliasing noise level 0 / 0 = = =11,4 0 / 0 2x2 36,0138 1 1 + ( 4 ) 0,5 1 2x3 1+ ( ) 0,5 8,0622 n =3, aliasing noise level 0 / 0 = = =3,75 0 / 0 2x3 216,0856 1 1+ (4 ) 0,5 1 2x4 1+ ( ) 0,5 16,0312 n =4, aliasing noise level 0 / 0= = =1,23 0 / 0 2x4 1297,0003 1 1+ ( 4 ) 0,5

JAWABAN SOAL 2.7 Given a DSP system in which a sampling rate 8000 Hz is used and the anti-aliasing filter is a second order butterworth lowpass filter with a cutoff frequency of 3,2 kHz. Determine : a. The precentage of aliasing level at the cutoff frequency b. The precentage of aliasing level at the frequency of 1000 Hz fs=8000 Hz fc=3200 Hz n=2 fa=fc=3200 Hz

a. aliasing noise level (%) =

2

fs fa 2n 1 fc

2

1

fa 2n fc

=

= =

83,2 2x2 3,2 1,4142 2,46 57,43%2

2

1

3,2 2x2 3,2

1

b. aliasing noise level (%)

=

2 2

1

1 2x2 3,2

1

81 2x2 3,2

=

1,0047 4,888

=

20,55%

JAWABAN SOAL 2.8 Given a DSP system inn which a sampling rate of a 8 kHz is used and the anti aliasing filter in a butterworth lowpass filter with a cutoff frequency 3,2 kHz. Determine the order of the butterworth lowpass filter for the precentage of aliasing level at the cutoff frequency required to be less than 10 %. 1 |H(f)| = 2 f 2x2 1 fc

1 n = 1 ----> |H(f)| = =

1 2,6 = 37,1 %

2

1

8 2 3,2

1 n = 2 ----> |H(f)| = 8 4 3,2 = 15,79 %2

2

1

1 n = 3 ----> |H(f)| = 8 6 1 3,2 = 6,38 % ----> n = 3

>>>>> 6,38 % < 10 % JAWABAN SOAL 2.9

Gives a DSP system with a sampling rate of 8 kHz and assuming that the hold circuit is used after DAC. Determine : a. The precentage of distortion at the frequency of 3200 Hz b. The precentage of distortion at the frequency of 1500 Hz a. f T ----> 3200 X = 1 1 8000 = 0,4

distorsi %

sin f t X 100% f t

sin 0,4 X 100 % 0,4 = 24,32 %

= 1

b . fT = 1500 X

1 8000

= 0, 187

% = 1

sin 0,187 X 100 % 0,187

= 5,68 %

JAWABAN SOAL 2.10 A DSP system is given with the following specifications: Design requirements: Sampling rate 20000 Hz Maximum allowable gain variation from 0 to 4000 Hz = 2dB 40 dB rejection at the frequency of 16000 Hz Butterworth filter assumed Determine the cutoff frequency and order for the anti-image filter.

Solution: f= 4000 Hz, fT= 4000 x 1/20000= 0.2 sin 0.2 = 0.2 0.5878 = 0.9359 = -0.57 dB 0.628

Gain =

f= 16000, fT= 16000 x 1/20000= 0.8sin 0.8 = 0.8

Gain=

0.5877 = 0.2339 = -12 dB 2.512

Hence, the design requirements for the anti-image filter are: Butterworth lowpass filter Maximum allowable gain variation from 0 to 4000 Hz = (2 0.57) = 1.43 dB (40 12 ) = 28 dB rejection at frequency 16000 Hz. Set up equations using log operations of the Butterworth magnitude function as: 20 log 1 4000 / fc 2n 1/ 21.43 20 log 116000 / fc 2n 1 / 228 From these two equations, we have to satisfy 4000 / fc 2n=100.1431 16000 / fc 2n= 102.81

Taking the ratio of these two equations yields 16000 2n 10 2.81 = 0.143 4000 10 1

Then 1 log 102.81 / 10 0.1431 2 n= = 2.663 16000 log 4000

Finally, the cutoff frequency can be computed as 16000 16000 = 2.81 1 /6 =5464,72 Hz 2.8 1 1/ 2n 10 10 4000 100.143 1 1 / 2n

fc =

fc =

=

4000 10 0.1431 1/ 6

= 4679,77 Hz

choose the smaller one, that is: fc = 4679,77 Hz JAWABAN SOAL 2.11 Given the 2-bit flash ADC unit with an analog sample-and-hold voltage of 2 volts shown in Figure 2.37, determine the output bits.

Solution: Seperti terlihat pada Gambar 2.37, 2-bit Flash Unit ADC terdiri dari seri tegangan referensi yang dibuat oleh resistor nilai yang sama, satu set comparator, dan logika unit. Pada soal ini tegangan referensi pada adalah 1,25 volt, 2,5 volt, 3,75 volt dan 5 volt. Analog sample dan hold voltage-nya adalah Vin = 2 volt, maka satu comparator yang mempunyai nilai lebih rendah masing-masing akan berlogika 1 pada outputnya. Melalui unit logika, hanya baris yang berlabel 01 yang bernila aktif tinggi (logic 1), dan sisanya adalah baris aktif rendah (logic 0). Oleh karena itu, rangkaian logika pengkodean output kode 2-bit biner dari 01.

Dan berikut gambarnya:

JAWABAN SOAL 2.12 Given the R-2R DAC unit with a 2-bit value of b1b0 = 01 shown in Figure 2.38, determine the converted voltage.

Solution: Converted voltage:

Vo=VR

1 1 b1 2 b0 1 2 2

Vo=5

1 1 x 0 2 x 1=1.25 volts 1 2 2

Jawaban Soal No 2.13a. L = 2m = 24 = 16 xmax xmin = L 50 = 0,3125 Volt 16

b. =

c. ketika x = 3,2 Volt

= 10,24 0,3125

maka i = round ( xmax xmin ) = round (10,24) = 10 L maka level quantisasinya = xq = 0 + 10 = 10 . 0,3125 = 3,125 volt d. Quantization table for the 4-bit unipolar quantizer (stepsize = = (xmax xmin)/24, xmax = maximum voltage, and xmin = 0.

Binary Code 0001 0010

Quantization Level eq (V) 2

Input Signal Subrange (V) 0 x < 0,5 0,5 x < 1,5

0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

1,5 x < 2,5 2,5 x < 3,5 3,5 x < 4,5 4,5 x < 5,5 5,5 x < 6,5 6,5 x < 7,5 7,5 x < 8,5 8,5 x < 9,5 9,5 x < 10,5 10,5 x < 11,5 11,5 x < 12,5 12,5 x < 13,5 13,5 x < 14,5

e. eq = xq x = 3,125 3,2 = -0,075 catatan bahwa eror kuantisasi nilainya adalah kurag dari setengah nilai resolusi |eq| = 0,075 < = 0,3125 volt 2

Jawaban Soal No 2.14

a. L = 2m = 23 = 8 xmax xmin = L2,50,25 = 0,625 Volt 8

b. =

c. ketika x = -1,2 Volt

= -1,92 0,625

maka i = round ( x xmin ) = round ( 1,2 2,5 ) = 1,6 0,625 maka level quantisasinya = xq = xmin + i = -2,5 + (1,6 . 0,625) = -1,5 volt d. Quantization table for the 3-bit bipolar quantizer (stepsize = = (xmax xmin)/23, xmax = maximum voltage, and xmin = -xmax.

Binary Code 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111

Quantization Level eq (V) -3 -2 -1 0 2 3 4

Input Signal Subrange (V) -2,5 x < -1,5 -1,5 x < -0,5 -0,5 x < 1,5 1,5 x < 2,5 2,5 x < 3,5 3,5 x < 4,5 4,5 x < 5,5 5,5 x < 6,5

e. eq = xq x = -1,5 (-1,2) = -0,3 Volt catatan bahwa eror kuantisasi nilainya adalah kurag dari setengah nilai resolusi |eq| = 0,3 < = 0,3 < 2 0,625 = 0,3125 Volt 2

Jawaban Soal No 2.15 a. L = 2m = 26 = 64

b. =

xmax xmin = L

10 10 = 0,3125 Volt 64

c. SNRdB = 10,79 + 20 log10 ( xrms ) = 10,79 + 20 log10 (xrms) 20 log10 0,3125 = 10,79 + 20 log10 (xrms) 10,102 = 0,688 + 20 log10 (xrms)