Hydroelectric Dams&

Hydroelectricity

A presentation from : Sirlantzi Nektaria

Member of Comenius

1/8What is a hydroelectric factory?

• Hydroelectric factories are called the facilitiesof hydroelectric power’s production and theexploit of water’s dynamic energy.

• The fact that they produce energy withoutconsuming natural resources, are consideredas ways of produce energy from recycablesources.

2/8 A short part from The Historyo Hydropower has been used since ancient times to

grind flour and perform other tasks. In the mid-1770s, French engineer Bernard Forest de Belidor published Architecture Hydraulique which described vertical- and horizontal-axis hydraulic machines. By the late 19th century, the electrical generator was developed and could now be coupled with hydraulics.

o The growing demand for the Industrial Revolution would drive development as well. In 1878 the world's first hydroelectric power scheme was developed at Cragside in Northumberland, England by William George Armstrong. It was used to power a single Arc Lampin his art gallery.

3/8 A short part from The History

The old Schoelkopf Power Station No.1 near NiagaraFalls in the U.S. side began to produce electricity in1881. The first Edison hydroelectric powerplant, the Vulcan Street Plant, began operatingSeptember 30, 1882, in Appleton,Wisconsin, with anoutput of about 12.5 kilowatts. By 1886 there were 45hydroelectric power plants in the U.S. and Canada. By1889 there were 200 in the U.S. alone.

At the beginning of the 20th century, many smallhydroelectric power plants were being constructed bycommercial companies in mountains near metropolitanareas.

4/8Thisavros Dam

The Thisavros Dam (Greek: Φράγμα Θησαυρού) is a rock-filled dam on the Nestos in the regional unit of Drama in thenortheastern portion of Greece. It is 21 km northeast of thetown of Drama. The 172 m (564 ft) high dam is the tallest inGreece and one of the tallest in the world. It was constructedbetween 1986 and 1996. The purpose of the dam is irrigationand hydroelectric power production. Its reservoirs helpirrigate 80,937 ha (200,000 acres) and its power station hasan installed capacity of 384 MW.

The power station is a pumped-storage type which allows it tonot only generate power but the turbines can reverse andpump water back into the reservoir. Power generation occursduring periods of high demand and pumping during those oflow demand such as at night.

5/8The parts of a Hydroelectric Factory

It is constructing a dam which holds the water in apond(reservoir).

At the bottom of the Dam are placed penstocks.With their help is controled the water’s flowquantity.

Turbine: Is a device with special fins. These finshelp the kinetic energy of water which conventsinto rotary.

Generator of estream is a place where the water’skinetic energy convents to electric stream.

6/8The advantages of hydroelectric energy

The hydroelectric energy has more advantagescompared with other energy sources. The water’sprovision at hydroelectric factories is renewableand inexhaustible.

Also, a hydroelectric factory doesn’t cause heatpollution or other pollution to environment.

7/8The disadvantages of hydroelectric energy

To operate the dam needed to be constructeda pond, that means, that this area was tillablein the past and now is full of water. Before thedam, there were animals and life in the areaand now they’re gone.

Also, there were some farmers in this placeand they had their own estates and now theylost their land and their job at the same time.

This was the Thisavros Dam.

Hope you enjoyed the presentation!!!