INDUSTRY & BUSINESS

Petroleum Battle Stiffens Wor ld petroleum markets grow more rugged; im­portant trends are taking shape abroad

W iTH MORE a n a more υ . :>. tirms get­ting into foreign oil operations (C&EN, May 12, 1958, page 2 4 ) , and Soviet and North African crude moving into the world market , the oil industry today finds itself in a state of "intensified com­petition." That ' s the word that H. W. McCohb, vice president of Standard Vacuum Oil, passed on in San Francisco to the Society of Petroleum Engineers

or tne American inst i tute or ivimmg, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engi­neers.

In reviewing foreign petroleum de­velopments during 1958, McCobb de­scribes the year as one of "adjustment and change," rather than one of "crisis or sensational discovery." But trends were established that are likely to have a strong bearing on the future. For in­

stance, says McCobb, one aspect of this Increased competition to look for in years to come: higher prices that con­cessions may command, and the tend­ency of foreign governments to demand greater participation in oil operations.

Although the U. S.'s share of world petroleum production has been drop­ping* it's still the world's biggest p ro­ducer. And though only a relatively small portion (12r,'r) of world reserves arc wi th in the U. S. proper, McCobb adds a bright note: T h e activities of American companies abroad have given t h e U . S. direct interest in 649fc of t h e Free World's petroleum resources.

M A R C H 2, 1 9 5 9 C & E N 3 7

DU PONT HEWS and REVIEWS

Booklet shows how to save money

on heat transfer

IEÏEC

I N D U S T R Y & BUSINESS

Would you like to cut costs on heat trans­fer with a low-cost material which yon can use in relatively low-cost equipment?

if your answer is yes, send for our book­let on HITEC.®

HITEC is a eutectic mixture of water-soluble inorganic salts which melts at 288°F. It has high heat transfer coeffi­cients, thermal stability, low cost, and is non-fouling. I t offers a high degree of safety, because it is nonflammable, non-explosive, and evolves no toxic vapors under recommended conditions of use.

Low-cost heat transfer medium—You can use HITEC for both heating and cool­ing in the 300 to 1000°F. range. If you can stay below 850°F., you should be able to use the material for years without hav­ing it break down. Above that mark, you get a slow thermal decomposition.

Low-cost equipment—HITEC can be used at atmospheric pressures, and be­cause of its low degree of corrosivity you can use it with common materials of mn— struction such as carbon steel. The high heat transfer coefficients and high heat capacity of HITEC mean that equip­ment size and heat transfer areas can b e held to a minimum . . . with correspond­ingly low maintenance and power costs.-

For the rest of the story, including s chart showing HITEC's high heat trans­fer coefficients, just write for the 16-page booklet.

Address your inquiries on your company letter­head to Du Pont Explosives Department, 253S Nemours Building, Wilmington 98, Delaware.

iSEPORt

CHEMICAL INVENTORIES Revised

CHEMICAL SALES

Revised Dec, 2.Q4Î

Dec. 3.741

^ÊÊÊ^^M^^^^Ê^^BM^B^

Better Things for Better L iv ing

. . . through Chemisfar-y

3 8 C & E N M A R C H 2, 195?

Briefs . · · • Fiîntkote € o . will acquire Blue Dia­mond Corp. , West Coast gypsum pro­ducer, b y an exchange of stock. Blue Diamond earned $1.79 per common share in 1957 on «ales of SI9.4 million; 1958 results are not yet out. Flintkote earned $3.00 per common share in 1958 on sales of $156.2 million.

• American-Marie t ta has bought Southern Printing Ink, Richmond, Va., which makes industrial and gravure inks. Purchase price has not been re­vealed.

• Owens-Illinois Glass sets up a section in its general research department to handle metallurgical research and serv­ices for all company divisions.

• Storchheim Research a n d Develop­ment is a new firm which has opened shop in Woodside, Ν. Υ. The company will specialize in developing new metal­lurgical materials, processes, and prod­ucts, with emphasis on powder metal­lurgy.

k C p e » c e r r^tiomirr;! «nd Industrial Rayon have officially canceled their joint plans to build a 20 million pound-a-year plant to make caprolactam, the monomer for nylon-6. Last July, the firms said they planned to build the plant at Ashland, Ky., under the name of Ohio River Chemical . But by No­vember, they reported that plans were being thoroughly reconsidered (C&EN, Nov. 10, 1958, page 2 4 ) . A big factor in the cancellation was probably Du Pont's decision last fall that it would build a 50 million pound-a-year capro­lactam plant at Beaumont, Tex., using a new low-cost process based on cyclo-l i pvnnp ίΠΛ-F.N N o v .^ 1 U5K ηησρ — x - , _ . _ . . _ , — — , j . — σ _

19). • American Cyanamid 's plastics and resins division will discontinue manu­facture of methylstyrene-based Cymac molding compounds, and will "concen­trate its efforts in fields of greater eco­nomic promise." The products, how­ever, will be available on a limited basis until June 1, 1959.

• S t o c k h o l d e r s o f C h i p p e w a Plastics, Chippewa Falls, Wis., will decide at a soecia! meeting whether to approve acquisition of the company by Rexall Drug. The transaction calls for the ex­change of one share of Rexall stock for two shares of Chippewa common.

inuujimHii

EMICALS

We mine Copper, Sulfur, Iron and Zinc and are basic producers of their chemical deriva­tives. Our technical know-how and basic posi­tion in these minerals is your assurance of ex­acting quality control and strict uniform consist* ency.

IRsl^Si» COPPER SULFATE

Industrial Crystals and oil Common grades.

M0N0HYDRATED COPPER SULFATE

3 5 % Copper as metallic packaged in steel drums at no extra cost.

COPPER CARBONATE 55% Copper as metallic. Light and dense grades

CUPRIC CHLORIDE 3 7 % Copper as metallic· Available in polyethylene lined drums or bags·

SULFURIC ACID A l l Grades and strengths from 6 0 ° Baume through the various Oleums.

LiQUiD SULFUR DIOXIDE

Highest commercial qual­ity, available in tank cars, tank wagons, ton cylinders and 1 50- lb cylinders.

V r i L U I W / J

ACID HYDROSULFITE T-C HYDRO is a dry, white, free flowing crystalline powder of uniform particle size and structure. It is dust free, assuring highest stability and uniformity.

PARA TOLUENE SULFONIC ACID, ANHYDROUS

Other organic Sulfonic Acids.

Iron less than 1.0 ppm as loaded. Water white. De­livered in glass-lined tank wagons, also in stainless steel drums.

Partially hydrated free flowing granular. Avail ­able in bags or bulk.

MANGANESE SULFATE 65% MnSO^.

For Further Information or Samples, Make Request On Your Firm's Letterhead*

ZINC SULFATE 3 6 % Zinc as metallic.White, free flowing powder.

MANGANESE M0N0HYDRATED

MANGANESE SULFATE 9 3 % M n , SCU, H 2 0 . High­est purity, technical grade . . . N O T A BY-PRODUCT.

ZINC OXIDE Secondary.

MANGAN0US OXIDE Minimum 4 8 % Manganese as metallic. Feeds; fertili­zers, spray or dust grades.

M A R C H 2, 1 9 5 9 C & E N 3 9

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«'See? You can ' t bea t Mallinckrodt Stéarates

a s mold-release agents!"

enc&u&t

Y o u can ' t b e n t M o l l i n c k r o d t „•'

St e ai r qf ë s ? or", a 'da p7a>b i i ï f y '

in industrial p rocess ing ; . .

. . . a s mold-release agents for

j i^_^_pla5t ics-and-rubb-er^—— —

. . . as f lat t ing and suspending ;

-~ -agents in paint and varnish.

__.„._^gs-modify-ing^âgents-for .

;~ surfaces of^machineXcôated :

:\--. papers. -•*';.'•·' v>"~-; .

-and greases. - _l^ ^ ! ^ ^ ^ _ : _ , : T I _ . _ . „ : *==: :', Z2i ' \ : ' · :y -

ίΑτϊΉπ*ΐ·ΐ!ΤΖ5τ·Πν·Ϊι

o f dependable pur i ty , uniformityΛ

and physical form-*-used in ^nor^^ha^TT-20G industries

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need for t h e most dependq^ble· ,_

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Linking Chemist ry to Industry?^ .

M A L L I N C K R O D T C H E M I C A L W O R K S ST. LOUIS - NEW YORK · M O N T R E A L

INDUSTRY & BUSIIMJSJ5

• Reactor In t h e U.S.S. Sœmccmif luis operated more than two yeatrs without any maintenance. The e r ed i t g^oes to careful engineering of the components. says former Seawolf co>miiisandiii££ officer Capt. R. B. Lansing. He told a National Sécurité' Industriel Ass» mrpt-ing that the submarine's lower (re-actor) compartment was opened for tfcae first time two weeks ago, and then oaily for inspection.

• Reichhoid Chemicals h^is designated Hastings Plastics as die marke t ing out­let in southern Californki £or r t s line of hasic polyester, polyurefchan^, and phenolic resins for aircraft and missile applications. Hastings w i l l also sell the products t o other industries on a cooperative basis with Reic3ihoL<2 field personnel.

• U. S. Atomic Energy Commission %%-iil build an 11,400-kw. organic moderate . and cooled reactor at Piqua, 01bio-on the bank of the Miami River, about 70O feet from the Piqua municipal power plant. Because the reactor will Ibe near the city, provision will be provided for additional reactor containment. Be­sides providing the reactor site, t h e city of Piqua will supply the conventional turbogenerator, operate trie e n tine plant for five years, and buy f r o m AEC the steam produced by th«e ireactor. Atomics international , u n d e r a sepa­rate agreement, will do necessary re ­search and development a n d bimild the reactor.

• Consolidated Water P o w e r fc. Paper

will b e able t o burn 47r/< more· spent sulfite liquor a t its Appletoix, Vis . , mill when it erects a new boiler hoiasc this spring. The $1 million project is scheduled to be completed in t ime for full scale operation by next winter. Presently, spent sulfite l iquor thtat can­not b e burned is discarded into trhe Fox River.

± Reichhoid Chemicals s t a r t s siiipping methanol by tanker a n d bauge t o northern market areas. Firs* ship­ment, 670,000 gallons, w e n t from Mo­bile, Ala., to Carteret, \T. J. Litter, t he company shipped 360,000 gallons t o the Chicago area from Pensacol^i, Fla.

• Vitor Corp. of America now owns 87.5*/r of Heavy Minerals a s tike result of buying the equity interest lield b y Crane Co. of Chattanooga, Tenai. The rest of Heavy Minerals is rield by So­ciété de Produits Chimiques d e s Ter­res Rares , a subsidiary of the French

firm, Pechiney. Heavy Minerals makes rare earth chemicals, thorium, and heavy minerals at Chattanooga.

r Nuciear-Chîcago will occupy its new home office and manufacturing plant in Oes Plaines, 111., shortly after midyear. The 55,000-square-foot, one-story building will be occupied by the manu­facturing, film badge, and technical divisions, laboratories, and main offices.

A i l . , TV» . . . r i i 1.~ * u . — i n n n.jpuiiu, χ «.ι., w i n initiée; m u i c u m u X-^VJ,-

000 nuclear reactor fuel pellets for Sylvania-Corning Nuclear . Numec will convert uranium hexafluoride, pro­cured from the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission, to chemically pure ura­nium dioxide powder, enriched to 2.6f/f in uranium-235. Numec also will press this powder and sinter it in hydrogen atmosphere furnaces into high-density cylindrical pellets which will be packed by Sylcor into fuel cladding rods for use by Allis-Chalmers Mfg.

New Facilities · · · • American Potash & Chemical will build an $800,000 boric oxide plant at its main plant at Trona, Calif. Cost in­cludes a parallel expansion of boric acid capacity at Trona. Boric oxide is used to make high energy fuels, and in a number of industrial applications. Ferro Corp. of Cleveland designed the new plant, but a contract has not yet been let for construction, which is ex­pected to begin shortly; production will start late this year.

• Stauffer Chemical is spending about $2 million to expand and modernize its caustic-chlorine plant at Niagara Falls,

caustic cells ^jtauiter also is convert­ing the entire plant from 25-cycle to 60-cycle power. When completed later this year, the project will increase the plant's caustic soda and chlorine ca­pacity by about 2 5 % .

• Liquid oxygen and nitrogen plant will be built near Huntsville, Ala., by Linde Co», a division of Union Carb ide . When completed early in 1960, the plant will be able to produce 100 mil­lion cubic feet of oxygen and nitrogen per month. Products will be aimed at the aircraft, missile, steel, chemical, petroleum, and food industries.

• Lehigh Port land Cement has started an $8 million expansion program at its

4 0 C & E N M A R C H 2, 1959

How fo handle Fluorine Gas ο the 1 c&»or<c&i<u»ry

Your laboratory research work with fkiorioe can be comparatively simple, safe and con­venient. Two requirements have to "be met, and General Chemical helps you meet them botti! You need a ready source of fluorine. And you need basic information that will he lp you build a fluorine handling system offering maximum safety and convenience. Why " m a k e " when you can buy I There's n o need to become involved in the lab>or, expense and hazard of making your own fluorine when fluorine gas in cylinders is readily available from General Chemical. All you have t o do is pick up the phone! A safer, more convenient handling system. As the leading producer of fluorine, with, a nat­ural interest in seeing that fluorine handling is simplified and made safer, we h a v ^ developed a fluorine handling system for the laboratory. Designed specifically for standard flu­orine cylinders of six-pound ne t weight, this fluorine han­dling system is easy to con­struct . . . convenient to use . . . delivers clean, measured volumes of gaseous fluorine a t minimum risk. The sys­tem has been used by Gen­eral Chemical for a number of years. We will be glad to send you the information y o u n e e d t o b u i l d t h i s handling train in your own lauoratory. Mail coupon for da ta sheet. We"ve just pre­pared a data sheet on this suggested fluorine handling train, including schematic diagrams and directions. We'd like to send you a copy. Jus t mail the coupon.

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Heart of the fluorine handling system is the all-welded steel safety enclosure illustrated in cross-section here.· The enclosure vents through a 4-inch duct Into the laboratory exhaust system , , , is con-»ng£*gH yui-th 3 rjj+rQggri çvriînrior fnr i n s t a n t n U r p ! n g . . _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ —

Baker & Adamson® Products GENERAL CHEMICAL D I V I S I O N ALLIED CHEMICAL CORPORATION 40 Reef or Street, New Ye* k 6, Ν. Υ. Please send copy of product data sheet PD-TA-85413A, Elemental Fluorine Gas in the Laboratory."

"Handling

N a m e .

T i t l e .

G E N E R A L C H E M I C A L D I V I S I O N 4 0 Rector Street , N e w York 6 , Ν. Y.

I Company-| Address — I City

I ^Zone - -State _

CEN-39 Ï

J M A R C H 2, 1 9 5 9 C & E N 4 1

RÏÏT _~-i

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A N E X C E L L E N T C A T A L Y S T F O R V I N Y L T Y P E M O N O M E R S

A N D P O L Y E S T E R R E S I N S

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S P E C I E I C A T I O N ^ t-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE 7 1 - 7 3 %

ACTIVE OXYGEN 12.6-13.0%

-BEGQMPOS4Tj€M^

Solvent

Benzene

I

Concenîraîîtir» (Moles/liter)

0.2

ι

ïemperaiare l°C)

100 1 15 130

Half-Life | (Hours) 1

165.0 Ε 1 21 5 S i ·> *> i ί w · - ι

LUCIDOL t-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE-70 is readily soluble in most synthetic monomers and can be used as a polymerization catalyst in bulk and emulsion processes with monomers such as the styrènes or methacrylates and with polyester resins. It is also

useful in other applications requiring a stalbie, weakly acidic, liquid

organic oxidizing agent.

Write for Data Sheet ~ 26

L U C I D O L D I V I S I O N

/ A L L A C E & T!ES?WAÏ»iî ! M C - Q R P Q f ? A T I P 1 7 4 0 M I L I T A R Y R O A D

B U F F A L O 5 . N E W Y O R K

INDUSTRY & BUSINESS

ALseti. X. Y.. plant. A kilsn, finishing mill, and 20 new s?U>s (which earn hold about 10.000 barrels of fimistietl cemen t fiich ) will be built by «wet year.

• New n a t u r a l g a s processing pilant— 150 million cubic~£oot-r>er-«day «capac-itv—is being operated b y Hexas Nat-oral Gasol ine near New Orleans, La. The firm owns t h e plant fointi^ with Tennessee Gas Transmission, Built by Fluor Corp., the plant will initially produce propane, normal Ibutante, iso-butane, and natural gasoline.

• In termountain Chemical, an aiîîliate of Food Machinery & Cfaemical and Nat iona l Distillers & Che*mîcarl# will soon complete a 20r> expansion at its Westvaco, Wyo., soda ash plant. The expansion will raise the p lan t ' s output to

Process Industries Trends VINYL RËSÏTC3

PHENOLIC PLASTICS ( a n d O t h e r Tar Acssâ îwesins>

CELLULOSE ACETATE PLASTICS

•ψ\ηκή· L

4 2 C & E N M A R C H 2, 1 9 5 9

$4 / 0 , 0 0 0 t ons of h i g h g r a d e soda a sh a y e a r .

^ K a i s e r A l u m i n u m & C h e m i c a l is ex­p a n d i n g b a s i c re f rac tory br ick c a p a c i t y a t i t s C o l u m b i a n a , O h i o , p l a n t for t h e s e c o n d t i m e in t h r e e y e a r s . W h e n t h e

y e a r , t h e firm wil l h a v e an a n n u a l c a p a c i t y of m o r e t h a n 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 tons of b a s i c re f rac tory b r i ck a n d mixes a t its M o s s L a n d i n g , Calif., a n d C o l u m b i a n a p l a n t s .

• V u i c a n a - C i n c i n n a t i wil l r ehab i l i t a t e a $ 2 . 3 mill ion cha rcoa l b r i q u e t p l a n t a t B u r n s i d e , Ky. , for t h e C u m b e r l a n d C o r p . , w h i c h is w h o l l y o w n e d by t h e B u r n s i d e C o r p . T h e p l a n t h a d b e e n s h u t d o w n las t F e b r u a r y , af ter less t h a n a yea r ' s o p e r a t i o n , d u e to e n g i n e e r i n g difficulties. T h e $ 7 5 0 , 0 0 0 rehab i l i t a ­tion is e x p e c t e d to p u t the p l a n t in o p e r a t i o n b y la te s u m m e r or ear ly fall this yea r .

• She l l C h e m i c a l ha s its semisca le m a r ­ket d e v e l o p m e n t un i t on s t r e a m at M a r ­t i nez , Calif. T h e $2 mill ion un i t p r o ­d u c e s m o r e t h a n pi lo t , b u t less t h a n c o m m e r c i a l , q u a n t i t i e s of p r o m i s i n g in­dus t r i a l chemica l s t h a t c o m e from t h e c o m p a n y ' s r e sea rch ac t iv i t ies . F i r s t r u n i n c l u d e d s e v e r a l de r iva t ives of ac ro le in .

Financial · · · • S t o c k sp l i t s c o n t i n u e in t h e p rocess i ndus t r i e s . E a s t m a n K o d a k will g ive s tockho lde r s one n e w sha re for e a c h n o w o u t s t a n d i n g on Apri l 13 . A t t h e s a m e t ime , d i rec to r s h a v e d e c l a r e d a 3 7 - c e n t q u a r t e r l y d i v i d e n d on t h e in­c r e a s e d n u m b e r of s h a r e s ; a yea r a g o 4-K r-x Λίχ»ί<ΊΛ*-»*-ι r>yi i~\iQ οοπ ιπ ιοπ s tock w a s 6 5 c e n t s a s h a r e . C o l g a t e - P a l m o l i v ^ s h a r e o w n e r s will v o t e on a th ree - fo r -one spl i t a t the a n n u a l m e e t i n g in Apr i l . T h e d i v i d e n d o n t h e sha res n o w out ­s t a n d i n g h a s b e e n r a i s e d f rom 7 5 t o 9 0 c e n t s a q u a r t e r . T h i o k o l C h e m i c a l wi l l sp l i t i ts s tock th ree - fo r -one if s tock­h o l d e r s a p p r o v e next m o n t h . Pf izer d i ­r ec to r s h a v e d e c i d e d to r e c o m m e n d a t h ree - fo r -one spl i t of its c o m m o n s tock ( i n s t e a d of a 2 1 / : »-for - l split p r ev ious ly p r o p o s e d ) a t t h e c o m p a n y ' s a n n u a l m e e t i n g Apr i l 2 0 .

• M i n n e s o t a M i n i n g h a s b o o s t e d its q u a r t e r l y d i v i d e n d t o 3 5 cen t s a s h a r e . P r e v i o u s r a t e w a s 3 0 c e n t s .

Right ηοΛν'—^ί the development stage— is the t ime to plan the odor of your household product .

And you' l l save t ime, t rouble and expense if you use an ODRENE. ODRENES are a series of fragrances scientifically compounded to solve the odor problems of household products. They are easy and economical to use—and available in a wide range of consumer-tested odor

types. Each type is extremely versatile— readily adaptable to the special require­ments of the product in Avhich it is to be used.

Samples of ODRENES are available on reques t . And our technical staif—pioneer in the field of aromatics—offers you full cooperat ion in the i r use. *Odrenc is the registered trade-mark for Stridor's series

of fragrant additives.

^BS5S^sss& Industrial Aromatics and Chemicais 321 West 44th Street · New York 36, Ν. Υ.

M A R C H 2, 1959 C & E N 4 3

New Text New TextNew Text