NEDO Case Studies ofProject in New Mexico, US

March 8th, 2016

Kazuyuki TakadaSmart Community Department

NEDO, Japan

NEDO, Toshiba, Kyocera, Shimizu Corp., Hitachi, Sharp, NGK Insulators, NEC, Meidensha, Fuji Electric, Tokyo Gas, MHI, Furukawa Electric, CDI, CTC, Itochu, Kandenko, NTT Facilities, Accenture

Efforts in Los Alamos

Efforts in Albuquerque

μEMS

PV

Battery

HEMS

Smart house

PLCtransfer

trip

Load control signal

Interruption signal

Monitoring & control

Demand response signal/Measure power consumption

State of New MexicoLos Alamos CountyLos Alamos National LaboratorySandia National LaboratoriesUniv. of New MexicoPNM ResourcesMesa Del Sol

Smart appliance

s, etc

Monitoring

Control

General houses (900 homes)Smart meter

μEMS

Large capacityPV

Large capacitybattery

Storage battery

Gas engine

PV

Fuel cell

Commercial building（MESA DEL SOL）

Monitoring & Control

Data measurement

Data measurement/connectionUtility’s PV site

Controller BEMS1

BEMS2

BEMS

Load controlsignal

1. Project in New MexicoWhole picture of Project in New Mexico

Contents

Project in New Mexico, 2009-14

i. Los Alamos• Large PV + Battery, Battery + DR, Smart House

ii. Albuquerque• Building Scale Microgrid, Large PV + Microgrid

3

Point of common coupling（PCC）

1. Project in New Mexico - Los Alamos-System configuration in Los Alamos site

Day-ahead supply-demand plan

Supply-demand control (hybrid battery control)

Load (demand) forecast PV generation forecast

NAS battery operation plan (charge/discharge plan)

Control NaS battery in low frequency range

Control Lead-Acid battery in high frequency range

1. Project in New Mexico - Los Alamos-Concept of supply demand management by μEMS

May 25, 2013 (Sunny) April 20, 2013 （Cloudy)

Load factor: Without control 79.7%⇒With control 90.2%

Actual tie-line power flow

Tie-line power flow w/o battery control(Simulated value)

Battery SOC

SOC upper limit (90%)

Peak power reduction effect

Load factor: Without control 83.5%⇒With control 95.1%

SOC lower limit (10%)

1. Project in New Mexico - Los Alamos-μEMS demonstration results Large PV + Battery

Implement demand response based on

weather and demand forecasts.

Management of smart meter

data

Calculate incentive

Display price info on PC and mobile phone.

Display price info on IHD

Demand response

Demand response management information

Meter info.Price info.

Price info., meter info.

Price info.

Price info.

Participant

Smart meter

In-home display (IHD)

Portal site

Mobile phone

Demonstration Data Management System

1. Project in New Mexico - Los Alamos-Demand Response related system

Demand response menu applied in the experiment

8

1. Project in New Mexico - Los Alamos-

Group Initial Opt-in Opt-out

Opt-in CPP Flat CPP -

Opt-out CPP CPP - Flat

Opt-out PTR PTR - Flat

Control Flat - -

Result of DR experiment in 2013

Group ITT effect TOT effect

Summer

Opt-in CPP -6.90% -10.49%

Opt-out CPP -4.59% -4.71%

Opt-out PTR -4.06% -4.17%

Winter

Opt-in CPP -4.78% -7.12%

Opt-out CPP -4.27% -4.41%

Opt-out PTR -3.26% -3.37%

9

1. Project in New Mexico - Los Alamos-

* TOT effect : Treatment on the Treated. Net peak cut effect when a treatment was given. * ITT effect : Intention to Treat. Choice probability x TOT effect.

1. Project in New Mexico - Los Alamos-

Reduction in battery capacity by the integration of Demand ResponseBattery + DR

11

1. Project in New Mexico - Los Alamos-Smart House

NECSupply

stabilizer

Sharp HEMS

Utility

SM

PV LB

SGW Kyocera HEMS

HP

Sensors

DMX512a

LAN

PLC

PLC

Fiber

BreakerBox

Ethernet Ethernet

Ethernet

Dedicated

Dedicated

HVAC

LED

Measurement

system

PLCModem

MicroDX

SlaveUnit - Air conditioner

- TV- Refrigerator- LED lighting- Dummy load

Smart appliances

HybridﾞPCS

Backnet

Ethernet

Dedicated

24kWhLithium ion battery

LED lighting system

300L Heat pump water heater

Temp./humidity/illuminance

Motionsensor

Powersensor

#1 #2

IEEE802.15.4Wireless #2

4ton Duct air conditioner

Micro DX

Smart appliances

3.44kWSolar battery

Smart meterDistribution board

IEEE802.15.4Wireless #1

5kW

1. Project in New Mexico - Los Alamos-Energy System of Smart House

Learn operation

plan

Prepare operation

plan

Optimize operation

plan

Execute final

control

• Past power consumption data

• Minimum power storage capacity

• Past hot-water consumption data

• Power consumption plan• Boil prohibition period• Minimum quantity of residual

hot-water• Minimum power storage

capacity

・Rate info ・PV generation forecast

• Charge/discharge plan

• Boiling plan

Control module

Control home

appliances

Measurement module

Room

• Power consumption log

• Hot water supply log• Power storage log

• Setting home appliances

• Temperature• Illuminance

Measure power consumption

Measure temperature and illuminance

1. Project in New Mexico - Los Alamos-Energy Management by HEMS

Virtual ToU rates

Rate category ToU0 ToU1 ToU2 ToU3 ToU4 ToU5Selling price(cent/kWh) 15 25 45 65 85 99

Purchasing price (cent/kWh) 10 20 40 60 80 90

Performance in power trading for a

smart house(Sept. 25, 2013)

Findings

An introduction of PV and battery produces $11.5 of income per day. $20.5 of profit can be made compared with the case when PV and battery are not introduced resulting in $9 of spending per day. Impact on grid can be reduced and customer can expect great economic value.

-20

-10

0

10

20

301 2 3 4 5 6

PV + Battery

Sellingpower

Purchasingpower

kWh

1. Project in New Mexico - Los Alamos-Result of demonstration of TOU control

Smart House

Albuquerque

15

1. Project in New Mexico - Albuquerque-

Substation

Feed

er

PCC

Estimated load of building400kW

Thermal storage tankAir-cooledrefrigerator70USRT

Air-cooled refrigerator20USRT

Cooling tower

PV 50kW

Heat controller

Gas engine generator240kW

Fuel cell80kW

Lead storage battery50/90kW, 160kWh

Dummy load

100kW

Smartmeter

500kW PV 2MWh Batteries

Constructed power line

Communication line

Existing power line

PV Inverter50kW

Power controller

BEMS

μEMS+MDMS

1. Project in New Mexico - Albuquerque-BEMS configuration

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

10:30 10:45 11:00 11:15 11:30

Pow

er [k

W]

系列1 系列2 系列3 系列4 系列5 系列6

LOAD

Gas Engine

Fuel Cell

PV

Battery

PCC

2013.09.0

PCC reference0kW -50kW - -50kW

1. Project in New Mexico - Albuquerque-Performance results in BEMS1 grid-connected mode

Building Scale Microgrid

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

13:00 13:15 13:30 13:45 14:00 14:15 14:30 14:45 15:00 15:15 15:30

Pow

er [k

W]

系列1 系列2 系列3 系列4 系列5 系列6

Grid-connecting → Islanding Islanding → Grid-LOAD

Gas Engine

PCCFuel Cell

PV

Battery

1. Project in New Mexico - Albuquerque-Performance results in BEMS1 islanding mode

Building Scale Microgrid

Battery2MW

PV500kW

FC60+20kW

-30kW

GE180±60kW

Building smart grid

BEMS

PI Server

Control System of PNM

Facilities Installed By PNM

Facilities Installed By NEDO

1. Project in New Mexico - Albuquerque-BEMS2 Interconnected Operation• Coordination with utility scale PV plant

PV Power Production

Battery Controller

Gas Engine Controller

BatteryPlant

Gas Engine Plant

High Variability PV Power (PPV)Lower

Variability Power

(PPV + PGE + Pbat)PPVSensor

Perror

PBat-SP

PGE

PGE-SP

PBat

PGE

Σ

1. Project in New Mexico - Albuquerque-Coordinated Control of Gas Engine and Battery

-6-4-202468

10

1 1201 2401 3601 4801 6001 7201 8401 9601 10801 12001 13201

kWh

Time(s)Battery capacity for PV Battery capacity with GE+FC for PV

Verification of battery capacity reducing effect based on actual data

PV + Microgrid

Downloadable Case Study

21

http://miyabimannnaro.blogspot.jp/2013/12/blog-post_20.html

Conclusion

• Energy Storage Battery solution is helpful for High Penetration of Renewables but still costly.

• Combination with consumer cooperation such as DR can reduce the capacity of Battery required.

• Accuracy of DR contribution to the grid has to be considered. Automated control of consumers’ equipment could be good solution for both of consumer side and power systems side.

• Hierarchal architecture of system control is necessary to do so.

22

Thank you ! http://www.nedo.go.jp/