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Initial Environmental Examination ___ March 2012

IND: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program – Jamakhandi Subproject (Tranche 3) Prepared by Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation,Government of Karnataka for the Asian Development Bank.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 28 March 2012)

Currency unit – rupee (INR) INR1.00 = $0.01965

$1.00 = INR 50.865

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB - Asian Development Bank SPS - Safeguards Policy Statement ASP - Activated Sludge Process BM - Bituminous Macadam CTO - consent to operate DoEEF - Department of Ecology, Environment and Forests EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EMP - Environmental Management Plan EP Act - Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 GoI - Government of India GoK - Government of Karnataka GRM - Grievance Redress Mechanism GSB - Granular Sub-base IEE - Initial Environmental Examination KSPCB - Karnataka State Pollution Control Board MLD - Million Litre per Day MFF - multi-tranche financing facility MoEF - Ministry of Environment and Forests MSL - Mean Sea Level MSS - Mix Seal Surface NKUSIP - North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program NOC - No Objection Certificate NOx - Oxides of Nitrogen OM - Operations Manual PCC - Plain Cement Concrete PIU - project implementation unit PWD - Public Works Department SOx - Oxides of Sulphur STP - Sewage Treatment Plant RSPM - Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter TSPM - Total Suspended Particulate Matter WMM - Wet Mix Macadam WRDO - Water Resource Development Organization

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

cm - centimeter crore – 100 lakhs = 10,000,000 lakh – 100 thousand = 100,000 km – kilometer kph - kilometer per hour lpd – liters per day m – meter

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mg/l – milligrams per liter mm – millimeter MSL - mean sea level μ - 10-6 meter µg/m3 – micrograms per cubic meter μS/cm - micro Siemens per centimeter NTU - Nephalo turbidity unit ppm – parts per million

NOTES In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

“INR” refers to Indian rupees

This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

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I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Overview 1

B. Environmental Compliance Requirements 4 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBPROJECT 4

A. Location of the Subproject 4 B.. Needs Assessment 4 C. Proposed Compenents 5 D. .Implementation Schedule 5 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 5 A. Physical Characteristics 7 B. .Ecological Characteristics 8 C. Socio-economic Characteristics 6 D. Historical, Cultural and Social Characteristics 7 IV. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 7 A. Design and Location of the Proposed Components 8 B. Pre-construction Stage 9 C. Construction Stage 10 D. Operation and Maintenance Stage 15 E. Cumulative Impact Assessment 16 V. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 19 A. Public participation during preparation of the IEE 18 B. Future Consultations and Information Disclosure 18 C. Grievance Redress Mechanism 19 VI. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 20 A. Institutional Arrangement 21 B. Environment Management Plan 23 C. Environmental Monitoring Program 32 D. Capacity Building and Training Needs 37 E. Monitoring and Reporting 38 VII. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 38

Appendixes: 1. Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist 40 2. Noise Standards 42 3. Occupational Noise Exposure 46 4. Photos of Public Consultation Held In July 2008 At The Surrounding Areas

of Lakkakerre Lake 47 5. Sample Grievance Registration Form 48 6. Suggested Environmental Monitoring Report Format 49

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. The Government of Karnataka (GoK) in its effort to boost economic growth in the northern region is implementing the North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (NKUSIP) with assistance from the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) is the executing agency (EA) responsible for implementing NKUSIP. The broad goal of the Investment Program is to address issues pertaining to regional imbalances within Karnataka through focused urban infrastructure investments in 25 selected cities. The Program uses a multi-tranche financing facility (MFF) modality and will be implemented from 2006 to 2015. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of its operations as per its Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009). This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) addresses lake development component proposed under Tranche 3 and is based on the detailed project report (DPR). 2. Categorization. The project is considered Category B as per the SPS as no significant impacts are envisioned. This IEE assesses the environmental impacts and provides mitigation and monitoring measures to ensure no significant impacts as a result of the subproject. 3. Scope. Under Tranche 3 (proposed), the subproject will improve the condition of Lakkanakere Lake in Jamakhandi. The objectives of the subproject are to: (i) prevent further degradation and pollution of the lake; (ii) maintain inflow and outflow of the storm water drainage system to prevent shortage of water in lake as well as flooding; (iii) develop lake as healthy ecosystems and destinations for recreation; and (iv) enhance recharge of groundwater. 4. Implementation Arrangements. KUIDFC is the Executing Agency (EA) responsible for overall technical supervision and execution of all subprojects funded under the Investment Program. Implementation activities will be overseen by a separate Program Management Unit (PMU) in its head office at Bangalore, in coordination with its regional office in Hubli-Dharwad and four divisional offices established to supervise the implementing agencies in each geographical area. A team of senior technical, administrative and financial officials, including safeguards specialists, will assist the PMU in controlling and monitoring Program implementation activities. The Implementing Agencies (IA) are primarily ULBs in co-ordination with various other agencies of GoK. Project Implementation Units (PIUs) dedicated exclusively to the project are set up in each town. The PIUs will be staffed by qualified and experienced officers and are responsible for the day-to-day activities of project implementation in the field, and will be under the direct administrative control of the PMU. Consultant teams are responsible for subproject planning and management and assuring technical quality of design and construction; and designing the infrastructure and supervising construction; and safeguards preparation. 5. Description of Environment. The subproject is located within the Jamakhandi City Municipal Corporation limits of North Karnataka. The subproject site is located in government-owned land. There are no protected areas, wetlands, mangroves, or estuaries in or near the subproject location. Trees, vegetation (mostly shrubs and grasses), and animals are those which are commonly found in urban areas. The subproject areas are not located in or near legally-protected historical, cultural, and social areas. The components will support small, non-invasive interventions around the lake. 6. Environmental Management. An environmental management plan (EMP) is included as part of this IEE, which includes (i) mitigation measures for environmental impacts during

implementation; (ii) an environmental monitoring program, and the responsible entities for mitigating, monitoring, and reporting; (iii) public consultation and information disclosure; and (iv) a grievance redress mechanism. A number of impacts and their significance have already been reduced by amending the designs. The EMP will be included in civil work bidding and contract documents. 7. Locations and siting of the proposed infrastructures were considered to further reduce impacts. These include locating all facilities on government-owned land to avoid the need for land acquisition and relocation of people. Regardless of these actions, there will be impacts on the environment when the infrastructure is built and when it is operating. This is mainly because of the invasive (but temporary) nature of excavation during construction. 8. During the construction phase, impacts mainly arise from the need to dispose of moderate quantities of excess soil and from the disturbance of residents, businesses, and traffic. These are common impacts of construction in urban areas, and there are well-developed methods for their mitigation. Measures such as conducting work in lean season and minimizing inconvenience by best construction methods will be employed. Once the system is operating, most facilities will operate with routine maintenance, which should not affect the environment. Facilities will need to be repaired from time to time, but environmental impacts will be much less than those of the construction period as the work will be infrequent, affecting small areas only. 9. Mitigation measures have been developed to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. Mitigation will be assured by a program of environmental monitoring to be conducted during construction. The environmental monitoring program will ensure that all measures are implemented, and will determine whether the environment is protected as intended. It will include observations on- and off-site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries. Any requirements for corrective action will be reported to the ADB. 10. There were limited opportunities to provide environmental enhancements, but certain measures were included. For example, it is proposed that the subproject will: (i) employ in the workforce, to the extent possible, people who live in the vicinity of construction sites to provide them with short-term economic gain; and (ii) ensure that people employed in the longer term to maintain and operate the new facilities are residents of nearby communities. 11. The stakeholders were involved in developing the IEE through discussions on-site and public consultation, after which views expressed were incorporated into the IEE and in the planning and development of the subproject. The IEE will be made available at public locations in the city and will be disclosed to a wider audience via the ADB and KUIDFC websites. The consultation process will be continued and expanded during project implementation to ensure that stakeholders are fully engaged in the project and have the opportunity to participate in its development and implementation. NGOs are recruited under the project to facilitate this process. 12. The most noticeable long-term benefits due to the subproject are: (i) reduced pollution and improved urban public and environmental health in Jamakhandi town; and (ii) improved the serenity in the lake and maintains good picnic conditions for the community. 13. Consultation, Disclosure, and Grievance Redress. Public consultations were done in the preparation of the project and IEE. Ongoing consultations will occur throughout the project implementation period with the assistance of the NGOs. A grievance redress mechanism is described within the IEE to ensure any public grievances are addressed quickly.

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14. Monitoring and Reporting. The PMU, PIU, and DSC consultants will be responsible for monitoring. The DSC will submit monthly monitoring reports to PMU, and the PMU will send semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB. ADB will post the environmental monitoring reports on its website. 15. Conclusions and Recommendations. Therefore, the proposed Jamakhandi subproject under Tranche 3 are unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts. The potential adverse impacts that are associated with design, construction, and operation can be mitigated to standard levels without difficulty through proper engineering design and the incorporation or application of recommended mitigation measures and procedures. Based on the findings of the IEE, there are no significant environmental impacts, and the classification of the project as category B is confirmed, and no further special study or detailed environmental impact assessment (EIA) needs to be undertaken to comply with ADB SPS (2009).

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Overview

1. The Government of Karnataka (GoK) in its effort to boost economic growth in the northern region is implementing the North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (NKUSIP) with assistance from the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) is the executing agency (EA) responsible for implementing NKUSIP. The broad goal of the Investment Program is to address issues pertaining to regional imbalances within Karnataka through focused urban infrastructure investments in 25 selected cities. The Program uses a multi-tranche financing facility (MFF) modality and will be implemented from 2006 to 2015. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of its operations as per its Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009). This Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) addresses components proposed under Tranche 3 which includes lake development, and are based on the detailed project reports (DPRs). 2. Under Tranche 3, the major outputs include lake development infrastructure. These components are based on the detailed project report (DPR) and the IEE is based on an assessment of these components within the project area. 3. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of its operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009. This states that ADB requires environmental assessment of all project loans, program loans, sector loans, sector development program loans, loans involving financial intermediaries, and private sector loans. B. Environmental Compliance Requirements

1. ADB Policy

4. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of ADB’s operations, and the requirements for Environmental Assessment are described in ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009. This states that ADB requires environmental assessment of all project loans, program loans, sector loans, sector development program loans, and loans involving financial intermediaries, and private sector loans. 5. Screening and Categorization. The nature of the environmental assessment required for a project depends on the significance of its environmental impacts, which are related to the type and location of the project, the sensitivity, scale, nature and magnitude of its potential impacts, and the availability of cost-effective mitigation measures. Projects are screened for their expected environmental impact are assigned to one of the following four categories:

(i) Category A. Projects could have significant adverse environmental impacts. An EIA is required to address significant impacts. (ii) Category B. Projects could have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree or significance than those in category A. An IEE is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an EIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report. (iii) Category C. Projects are unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No

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EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are reviewed. (iv) Category FI. Projects involve a credit line through a financial intermediary or an equity investment in a financial intermediary. The financial intermediary must apply an environmental management system, unless all Projects will result in insignificant impacts.

6. Environmental Management Plan (EMP). An EMP which addresses the potential impacts and risks identified by the environmental assessment shall be prepared. The level of detail and complexity of the EMP and the priority of the identified measures and actions will be commensurate with the Project’s impact and risks. 7. Public Disclosure. The IEE will be put in an accessible place (e.g., local government offices, libraries, community centers, etc.), and a summary translated into Kannada for the project-affected people and other stakeholders. ADB will post the following safeguard documents on its website so affected people, other stakeholders, and the general public can provide meaningful inputs into the project design and implementation:

(i) Final IEE upon receipt; and (ii) Environmental Monitoring Reports submitted by PMU/PIU during project implementation upon receipt. 2. Applicable Legislations

8. The implementation of the subprojects will be governed by central, state and municipal/local environmental acts, rules, regulations, and standards. These regulations impose restrictions on the activities to minimize/mitigate likely impacts on the environment. It is the responsibility of the NKUSIP executing and implementing agencies to ensure subprojects are consistent with the legal framework, whether national, state or municipal/local. In addition, subprojects shall also be consistent with ADB SPS. The following legislations in Table 1 are applicable to the subproject. 9. Key standards include those related to drinking water quality, air quality, effluent discharge, and protected areas. Compliance is required in all stages of the project including design, construction, and operation and maintenance.

Table 1: Applicable Environmental Regulations Law Description Requirement

EIA Notification The EIA Notification of 2006 and 2009 (replacing the EIA Notification of 1994), set out the requirement for environmental assessment in India. This states that Environmental Clearance is required for certain defined activities/projects, and this must be obtained before any construction work or land preparation (except land acquisition) may commence. Projects are categorized as A or B depending on the scale of the project and the nature of its impacts. Category A projects require Environmental Clearance from the National Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF). Category B projects require Environmental Clearance from the State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA).

The proposed components of this subproject are not listed in the EIA Notification’s “Schedule of Projects Requiring Prior Environmental Clearance” and thus Environmental Clearance is not required.

Water (Prevention and Control of

Control of water pollution is achieved through administering conditions imposed in consent

The proposed components of this subproject are not listed in the Water

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Pollution) Act of 1974, Rules of 1975, and amendments

issued under provision of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974. These conditions regulate the quality and quantity of effluent, the location of discharge and the frequency of monitoring of effluents. Any component of the Project having the potential to generate sewage or trade effluent will come under the purview of this Act, its rules and amendments. Such projects have to obtain Consent for Establishment (CFE) from Karnataka Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) before starting implementation and Consent for Operation (CFO) before commissioning. The Water Act also requires the occupier of such subprojects to take measures for abating the possible pollution of receiving water bodies.

(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act therefore will not require CFE and CFO.

Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981, Rules of 1982 and amendments.

The subprojects having potential to emit air pollutants into the atmosphere have to obtain CFE from KSPCB before starting implementation and CFO before commissioning the project. The occupier of the project/facility has the responsibility to adopt necessary air pollution control measures for abating air pollution. The following will require CFE and CFO from KSPCB: (i) diesel generators; and (ii) hot mix plants, wet mix plants, stone crushers, etc. if installed for construction. All relevant forms, prescribed fees and procedures to obtain the CFE and CFO can be found in the KSPCB website (www.kspcb.gov.in).

The proposed components does not envisage the listed items requiring CFE or CFO.

Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2002 amended up to 2010.

Rule 3 of the Act specifies ambient air quality standards in respect of noise for different areas/zones.

Appendix 2 provides applicable noise standards.

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Publication No. 98-126

NIOSH has laid down criteria for a recommended standard: occupational noise exposure. The standard is a combination of noise exposure levels and duration that no worker exposure shall equal or exceed.

Appendix 3 provides applicable NIOSH occupational noise standards.

Land Acquisition Act of 1894

Private land acquisition is guided by the provisions and procedures in this Act. The District Collector or any other officer designated will function as the Land Acquisition Officer on behalf of the Government. There is a provision for consent award to reduce the time for processing if the land owners are willing to agree on the price fixed by the Land Acquisition Officer.

For the subproject, there will be no land acquisition and no temporary resettlement of shops and establishment will be involved stormwater drainage works.

Karnataka Preservation of Trees Act, 1976

The rule states that those who want to fell trees will have to obtain permission from the Department of Forest.The Forest Dept will particularly look upon as sacred groves, identifies as belonging to an endangered species, or given the status of heritage, will be cut/felled.

Permission from the Department of Forest will be required if trees are to be cut/felled.

The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986

No child below 14 years of age will be employed or permitted to work in any of the occupations set forth in the Act’s Part A of the Schedule or in any workshop wherein any of the processes set forth in Part B of the Schedule.

No children between the age of 14 to 18 years will be engaged in hazardous working conditions.

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3. Applicable International Agreements

10. In addition, international conventions such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)1, Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS)2, and Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance3 are applicable for selection and screening of subprojects under restricted/sensitive areas. India is a party to these conventions. For the subproject, (i) plant species found in the subproject sites are not included in the IUCN Red List; and (ii) will not alter bird migration.

II. DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBPROJECT

A. Location of the Subproject

11. The lake development works will be conducted in Lakkanakere Lake and its surrounding areas. It is located in the heart of city, surrounded by densely populated slum and low income areas, and maintained by Jamakhandi CMC. It has an area of 7 acres and 31 guntas with a capacity of 0.0457 Mcft. The existing lake is presented in Figure 1. 12. The lake was constructed by King Pattavaradhan, in 1870 AD to cater the drinking water needs of the people. Over the years due to the increase in population of the town, and due to the poor sanitation facilities this historic lake is now polluted. This lake is currently being used by the public for bathing and washing.

B. Needs Assessment

13. The Lakkanakere Lake is protected by retaining walls (bunds) on three sides while the eastern side is bounded by a hill slope. The eastern side of the lake is not protected with stone masonry wall because of the natural mountain slope, which acts as a protection wall. The Chowdayya nagar slum is situated on the mountain slope in the eastern side of the lake is discharging large quantity of wastewater to this lake. 14. The retaining wall which was constructed in 1927 needs some repair and strengthening works. Weeds and bushes in the perimeter of the lake are needed to be removed. Lighting is required to enhance the lake’s aesthetics and provide safety to the residents.

1 The IUCN provides the Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List) which

is a comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species. The IUCN Red List is set upon precise criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. The aim is to convey the urgency of conservation issues to the public and policy makers, as well as help the international community to try to reduce species extinction.

2 CMS, also known as the Bonn Convention, recognizes that states must be the protectors of migratory species that

live within or pass through their national jurisdictions, and aims to conserve terrestrial, marine and avian migratory species throughout their ranges. Migratory species threatened with extinction are listed on Appendix I of the Convention. CMS Parties strive towards strictly protecting these species, conserving or restoring the places where they live, mitigating obstacles to migration and controlling other factors that might endanger them.

3 The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (also called as Ramsar Convention) provides the

framework for national action and international cooperation for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources. According to the Ramsar list of wetlands of international Importance, there are 25 designated wetlands in India which are required to be protected. Activities undertaken in the proximity of Ramsar wetlands shall follow the guidelines of the convention.

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C. Proposed Components

15. The proposed subproject will provide secondary and tertiary storm water drains upstream of the lake to divert wastewater flow, strengthen the existing retaining wall of the lake, and provide lighting at the lake surroundings. The objective of the subproject is to preserve the Lakkanakere Lake and improve environmental sanitation of the city, through implementation of lake protection measures and provision of stormwater drains to the prioritized areas discharging in the lake. Table 2 summarizes the proposed lake development works. Figure 1 presents the proposed works.

Table 2: Description of the Lake Development Components Component Description Remarks

1. Construction of secondary storm-water drains to intercept the discharge into the lake

0.44 km Construction of RCC secondary storm water drain for a length of 440 m with 1.2m x 1.2m size. The intercepted wastewater will be conveyed to sewage pumping station then to the STP through the RCC trunk mains.

2. Construction of tertiary storm-water drains

0.91 km Construction of RCC tertiary storm water drain for a length of 910 m with 0.45m x 0.60m size near the lake to allow the rain water into the lake during rainy season.

3. Rehabilitation of existing retaining wall of the lake and improvement of surrounding areas

Rehabilitation of existing stone masonry pointing work of the retaining wall, construction of new entrance arch, vegetation clearance of surrounding areas, and provision/rehabilitation of 30 numbers of RCC garden benches.

4. Provision of high mast lighting for the lake

3 numbers Provision of high mast lighting arrangement to ensure safer and more pleasant lighting atmosphere around the lake.

D. Implementation Schedule

16. The detailed project report is expected to be completed by August 2012. Construction work is likely to commence in August 2013 and will be completed by August 2015 (12 months construction period).

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A. Physical Characteristics

17. Jamakhandi municipality is located en-route between two large and commercially important cities in Karnataka: Belgaum and Bijapur. It is located at 135 km and 58 km respectively from these two cities. It is located 85 km North West from Bagalkot district headquarters. The Jamakhandi taluk is bound by Bijapur district and Bilagi taluk on the east, Belgaum district on the west, Mudhol taluk on the south and Maharashtra state on the north. 18. Jamakhandi City is situated on a flat terrain, with predominant slope from south to north, with centrally located zones of lower elevation and peripheral zones of relatively higher elevations and hilly areas towards South and South East side of the city. 19. The altitude of Jamakhandhi is 594 m above the mean sea level. Black cotton soil is predominant in the region, which favours the growth of cotton and oil seeds. Krishna river flows

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in the east – west of the city and is an important surface water source for Jamakhandi city. The subproject area falls under zone III seismicity. The region is not prone to frequent earthquakes of high intensity. It is normally affected by mild tremors, not causing damage to life or property. 20. Jamakhandi City lies in the dry and arid zones. As a result temperature in this city is a maximum of 45ºC during summer months and 10ºC during winter season months. The city experiences monsoons from June to September (wet months), winters from October to November and summers from February to June (dry months). October month is considered as the transition period from monsoon to winter. The best weather is experienced in the months of October to January. 21. Jamakhandi City is classified as low rainfall receiving area. The rainy season is experienced from June to September. The average number of rainy days in a year is only 37 days. The average annual rainfall in this city is 448.00mm (2007). The subproject area receives maximum rainfall of during the southwest monsoon in the month of July and August. During rainy season, the humidity is more and varies between 78% and 95 %. 22. The prevailing wind direction is from southwest. Local topography and slope largely influence the wind direction. The wind direction shifts to northeast during evening hours. 23. Depth of ground water table in the Jamakhandi is 16m in rainy season and 30m in summer season. B. Ecological Characteristics

24. The sensitive and critical natural habitats such as national park, marine park, wildlife sanctuary, tiger reserve, elephant reserve, reserved forest, protested area and its buffer zone, declared special area for protecting biodiversity or wildlife habitat, estuarine area, coral reef, wet land or marshes or mangrove, cultural heritage sites, etc. were not found in the subproject area. None of the rare and endangered species of flora and fauna were observed within and surroundings of subproject area. C. Socio-Economic Characteristics

25. The Jamakhandi CMC jurisdiction extends to 27 wards covering an area of 12.60 sq. km. The population of Jamakhandi city has grown from 48,111 in 1991 to 57,887 in 2001 with a decadal growth rate of 20.24%. Total population as per 2011 census provisional figure is 59,628. This increased population growth rate is attributed to the city being a taluka headquarter, an important trade and educational center in the region, and has a sound agricultural base that caters to the surrounding towns and villages. 26. The total number of households has increased from 7,987 in 1991 to 10,629 in 2001. The average household size is 5.6, which is well below the national average household size of 6.3 as per Census 2001. In 1991, the sex ratio was 988. The sex ratio (female population per 1,000 male population) in Jamakhandi city was is 983 in 2001. The sex ratio in the town was found to be higher than the state average of 940, and the national urban average of 901. 27. The literacy rate (percentage of literate population to the total population above 6 years of age) in Jamakhandi is 69.63% (as per 2001 census), which is lower than the state urban

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average of 71% and national urban average of 70%. Current literacy rate is 73.0. Male literacy rate was 82.6% and female literacy rate was 63.3% (as per 2008 census). Literacy level of population (73%) was much higher than the overall literacy figure of 69.63% as per 2001 Census. The main reason for the high literacy rate is due to the presence of a good number of educational institutions and the other governmental offices in the town. 28. Medium and small-scale industries operate in Jamakhandi town. As per Development Plan of Jamakhandi , the main industrial units present in the town are food based manufacturing units (228 numbers), fabric based units (189 numbers), wooden furnitures (78 numbers), plastic manufacturing units (6 numbers), tannery industry (23 numbers), chemical based units 916 numbers) and glass manufacturing units (1 no.). In Jamakhandi taluka, garment industrial units are at the maximum followed by food–based units. 29. Main occupation is agriculture followed by secondary occupation such as weaving, food-based industries and other industrial activities and business. 30. The workforce participation rate was 28.18% (1991 census). In 1991, about 47% of the total work force was engaged in tertiary sector followed by 27% in primary and 22% in secondary sector. This indicates that the town is primarily a trade and commerce center. However, the agricultural sector is also and important base for income in the town. The details of the workforce participation rate as per 1991 Census are indicated in the following Table 3.4. As per 2001 Census, the male workforce participation rate is 50.1% and female workforce participation rate is 13.5%. The male workforce participation (50.1%) was more than the female workforce participation (13.5%). The male workforce participation rate of Jamakhandi town is lower than the state figure of 80.41% whereas the female workforce participation rate is also lower than the state figure of 19.59%. 31. One government hospital and several private health centers (major numbers of Ayurvedic practices) were observed within the Jamakhandi CMC limits. One government school and several private schools; and pre-university college were noticed in the subproject area. The town is an important educational center. D. Historical, Cultural and Social Characteristics

32. Other than Sri Jambukshwaranath Temple there are no other physical or cultural heritage was observed in Jamakhandi CMC limits. The subproject area is not in or near this temple.

IV. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

33. This section of the IEE reviews possible subproject-related impacts, in order to identify issues requiring further attention and screen out issues of no relevance. ADB SPS (2009) require that impacts and risks will be analyzed during pre-construction, construction, and operational stages in the context of the subproject’s area of influence. 34. The ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist (General) in http://www.adb.org/documents/guidelines/environmental_assessment/eaguidelines002.asp was used to screen the subproject for environmental impacts and to determine the scope of the IEE investigation. The completed Checklist is given in Appendix 1.

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35. In the case of this subproject (i) most of the individual elements are relatively small and involve straightforward construction and operation, so impacts will be mainly localized and not greatly significant; (ii) most of the predicted impacts are associated with the construction process, and are produced because that process is invasive, involving excavation and earth movements; and (iii) being located in the lake area and surroundings of the city, will not cause direct impact on biodiversity values. The subproject will be in properties held by the local government and access to the subproject location is thru public rights-of-way and existing roads hence, land acquisition and encroachment on private property will not occur. 36. Potential environmental impacts of the proposed infrastructure components are presented in this section. Mitigation measures to minimize/mitigate negative impacts, if any, are recommended along with the agency responsible for implementation. Monitoring actions to be conducted during the implementation phase is also recommended to reduce the impact. 37. Screening of potential environmental impacts are categorized into four categories considering Investment Program phases: location impacts and design impacts (pre construction phase), construction phase impacts and operation and maintenance phase impacts.

(i) Location impacts include impacts associated with site selection and include loss of on-site biophysical array and encroachment either directly or indirectly on adjacent environments. It also includes impacts on people who will lose their livelihood or any other structures by the development of that site. (ii) Design impacts include impacts arising technology used, scale of operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specifications, pollution sources and ancillary services. (iii) Construction impacts include impacts caused by site clearing, earthworks, machinery, vehicles and workers. (iv) O and M impacts include impacts arising from the operation and maintenance activities of the lake. These include routine management of operational waste streams, occupational health and safety issues and impacts on environmental conditions associated with the operation stage of the subproject components pertain to impacts due to enhanced picnic activities.

A. Design and Location of the Proposed Components

38. Stormwater Drainage Network. Land acquisition is not required. The subproject sites are located in existing right of ways (RoWs) and government-owned land. There are no protected areas, wetlands, mangroves, or estuaries in or near the subproject location. Trees, vegetation (mostly shrubs and grasses), and animals are those which are commonly found in urban areas. The components will support small, non-invasive interventions. Traffic management will be necessary during stormwater drainage improvement on busy roads. 39. Lake Development. Land acquisition is not required. The site is approachable by access road. The work will not encroach into any forest, and the construction material will not be stored on forest lands. There are no protected areas, wetlands, mangroves, or estuaries in or near the subproject location. Trees, vegetation (mostly shrubs and grasses), and animals are those which are commonly found in urban areas. The components will support small, non-invasive interventions.

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40. Table 3 summarizes the design basis of the subproject.

Table 3: Summary of Design of the Subproject Parameter Design Consideration

Lake Retaining Walls Strengthening Design standards and norms prescribed by the Irrigation Department of India are adopted while designing the bund height, slopes and top width. The slope of embankment is checked by slip circle analysis for stability.

Shape of Storm Water Drain In order to maintain the uniformity to the existing as well as on-going storm water drains rectangular shape is adopted for the proposed improvement works.

Lining of Storm Water Drain Whether or not a channel should be provided with a non-erodible lining depends mainly on an evaluation of the cost of right-of-way, minimum and maximum velocities, soil stability and characteristics, availability of materials, and aesthetics. Internal cement mortar lining is considered for better performance of drain for the proposed works.

Hydraulic Requirements It is required to evaluate the hydraulic and economic aspects of free boards, bends, transitions and junctions. Freeboard, the vertical distance from the water surface to the top of the channel, furnishes an allowance for minor surface fluctuations and waves, which will occur in a channel. In addition it will provide a factor of safety for extraordinary flows. 10 % of the depth of the drain may be considered as free board. It should not be used as a catch-all for inadequate design. The water surface elevations should be computed for both uniform and non-uniform flow and an estimate should be made for the rise in water surface at channel bends. Bends in storm channels wherever possible should have a relatively long radius. Sharp bends cause greater surface disturbance and waves.

B. Pre-Construction Stage

41. Social and Cultural Resources. Any work involving ground disturbance can uncover and damage archaeological and historical remains. For this subproject, excavation will occur in lake area and existing drainage alignment, so it could be that there is a medium risk of such impacts. Nevertheless, the Construction Supervision Specialist (CSS)/Divisional Environment Specialist (DES) will:

(i) Consult Jamakhandi CMC to obtain an expert assessment of the archaeological potential of the site;

(ii) Consider alternatives if the site is found to be of high risk; (iii) Include state and local archaeological, cultural and historical authorities, and

interest groups in consultation forums as project stakeholders so that their expertise can be made available; and

(iv) Develop a protocol for use by the construction contractors in conducting any excavation work, to ensure that any chance finds are recognised and measures are taken to ensure they are protected and conserved.

42. Site selection of construction work camps, stockpile areas, storage areas, and

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disposal areas. Priority is to locate these facilities near the subproject sites but at least 100 meters away from the construction site. However, if it is deemed necessary to locate elsewhere, sites to be considered will not promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems. Residential areas will not be considered for setting up camps to protect the human environment (i.e., to curb accident risks, health risks due to air and water pollution and dust, and noise, and to prevent social conflicts, shortages of amenities, and crime). Extreme care will be taken to avoid disposals near lake, water bodies, swamps, or in areas which will inconvenience the community. 43. Site selection of sources of materials. Extraction of materials can disrupt natural land contours and vegetation resulting in accelerated erosion, disturbance in natural drainage patterns, ponding and water logging, and water pollution. To mitigate the potential environmental impacts, locations of quarry site/s and borrow pit/s (for loose material other than stones) will be assessed by CSS. Priority would be sites already permitted by Mining Department. If other sites are necessary, these would be located away from population centers, drinking water intakes and streams, cultivable lands, and natural drainage systems; and in structurally stable areas even if some distance from construction activities. It will be the construction contractor’s responsibility to verify the suitability of all material sources and to obtain the approval of Jamakhandi CMC. If additional quarries will be required after construction is started, then the construction contractor shall use the mentioned criteria to select new quarry sites, with written approval of PIU. 44. Disposal of excess excavated materials and construction wastes. The CSS will identify the disposal method and sites. It will be the construction contractor’s responsibility to manage all construction wastes. C. Construction Stage

45. Although construction of the subproject components involves quite simple techniques of construction work, the invasive nature of work and the subproject location in the lake will result to impacts to the environment and sensitive receptors such as residents, businesses, and the community in general. Table 4 presents an indication of what activities and facilities are likely to be undertaken during construction works, including the associated inputs and outputs.

Table 4: Summary of Activities and Facilities, Resource Use, and Outputs during Construction Stage

Activities and Facilities Inputs/Resource Use Outputs/Waste Production

Construction camp and its associated facilities (including lay-down areas)

Storage camps and lay-down areas

Materials and equipment stockpiles

Handling and storage of hazardous materials including chemicals additives, gravel, cement, concrete and lubricants

Source of water

Vegetation clearance

Bulk earthworks, grading and contouring.

Movement of construction

Cement

Chemical additives used in concrete (i.e. retarders)

Paving blocks/bricks

Aggregate (sand and stone)

Gravel

Water

Drinking, cooking and sanitation at construction camps

Water for dust suppression

Water applied to base and sub-base layers during compaction

Water for application to sub-base and base layers prior to compaction

Waste concrete and other construction rubble

Used fuels, lubricants, solvents and other hazardous waste

General waste

Contaminated soil with petrochemicals (i.e. oils and lubricants) and other chemicals

Sewage and grey water (temporary construction camp sanitation)

Spoil material (excess soil removed during excavations)

Noise and vibrations (construction vehicles and

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Activities and Facilities Inputs/Resource Use Outputs/Waste Production

staff, equipment and materials

Noise and vibrations

Dust suppression

Waste production and temporary storage/disposal i.e. used fuels, waste concrete, spoil materials and general waste

Rehabilitation of disturbed areas

Interaction between construction workforce and local communities

Management of the passing pedestrians and points of congestion

Reminders to affected people of construction with timeframes

Petrochemicals

Other chemicals/lubricants/paints

Construction vehicles, machinery and equipment

Temporary energy supply to construction camps

Labour

Recruitment of construction workforce

Skills training

Public movement control need barriers (not just danger tape) to protect people during construction

machinery)

Lighting at construction camps, equipment yards and lay-down areas

Plant material removed from servitude/right-of-way during vegetation clearance

Smoke and fumes

Fires used for cooking and space heating (construction camps)

Vehicle exhaust emissions

46. Anticipated impacts are temporary, short duration, site-specific and can be reduced by method of working and scheduling of work. The impacts during the construction stage are generic to the construction activities and not expected to be significant. All construction activities to be undertaken at the site will be approved by PIU before start of any such activity. Hence, the EMP emphasizes on the construction impacts and necessary mitigation measures to be strictly followed by the contractor and supervised by the Design and Supervision Consultants (DSC). 47. Sources of Materials. Significant amount of gravel, sand, and cement will be required for this subproject. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) The material sources permitted by government; (ii) Verify suitability of all material sources and obtain approval of PMU; and (iii) Submit to CSS on a monthly basis documentation of sources of materials.

48. Air Quality. Emissions from construction vehicles, equipment, and machinery used for excavation and construction will induce impacts on the air quality in the construction sites. Anticipated impacts include dusts and increase in concentration of vehicle-related pollutants such as carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, nitrous oxides, and hydrocarbons) but temporary and during construction activities only. To mitigate the impacts, construction contractors will be required to:

(i) Consult with PMU/CSS on the designated areas for stockpiling of, soils, gravel, and other construction materials;

(ii) Damp down exposed soil and any stockpiled on site by spraying with water when necessary during dry weather;

(iii) Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other loose material when transported by trucks; and

(iv) Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices which are operating correctly.

49. Surface Water Quality. Mobilization of settled silt materials/dredged slurry, run-off from stockpiled materials, and chemical contamination from fuels and lubricants during construction works can contaminate the water. These potential impacts are temporary and short-term duration only and to ensure these are mitigated, construction contractor will be required to:

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(i) Avoid stockpiling of earth fill especially during the monsoon season unless covered by tarpaulins or plastic sheets;

(ii) Prioritize re-use of excess spoils and materials in the construction works. If spoils will be disposed, consult with PIU/CSS on designated disposal areas;

(iii) Install temporary silt traps or sedimentation basins along the drainage leading to the water bodies;

(iv) Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies;

(v) Dispose any wastes generated by construction activities in designated sites; and (vi) Conduct surface quality inspection according to the Environmental Management

Plan (EMP). (vii) The construction contractor will be required to conduct all works on non-monsoon

season. No waste water from the site will be diverted to the lake.

50. Noise Levels. Increase in noise level may be caused by excavation equipment, and the transportation of equipment, materials, and people. Impact is negative, short-term, and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Plan activities in consultation with PIU/CSS so that activities with the greatest potential to generate noise are conducted during periods of the day which will result in least disturbance;

(ii) Horns should not be used unless it is necessary to warn other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach;

(iii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and portable street barriers the sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; and

(iv) Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels (dbA) when measured at a distance of 10 m or more from the vehicle/s.

51. Landscape and Aesthetics. There will be some impact on landscape and visual amenities due to excavation works along the drainage alignment. The construction works will also produce excess construction materials, and solid waste such as removed concrete, wood, plants, packaging materials, empty containers, spoils, oils, lubricants, and other similar items. These impacts are negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Prepare and implement a site-specific Waste Management Plan; (ii) Avoid stockpiling of excess excavated soils; (iii) Coordinate with Jamakhandi CMC for beneficial uses of excess excavated soils

or immediately dispose to designated areas; (iv) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the sites; (v) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse,

recycling and disposal to designated areas; (vi) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures which are no longer

required; and (vii) Request PIU/CSS to report in writing that the necessary environmental

restoration work has been adequately performed before acceptance of work. 52. Accessibility. Hauling of construction materials and operation of equipment on-site can cause temporary traffic problems areas surrounding the lake. Potential impact is negative but short term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required

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to:

(i) Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do not use narrow local roads, except in the immediate vicinity of delivery site;

(ii) Schedule transport and hauling activities during non-peak hours; (iii) Locate entry and exit points in areas where there is low potential for traffic

congestion; (iv) Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; (v) Drive vehicles in a considerate manner; (vi) Coordinate with Traffic Police for temporary road diversions and with for

provision of traffic aids if transportation activities cannot be avoided during peak hours; and

(vii) Notify affected sensitive receptors by providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints.

53. Socio-Economic – Income. The subproject will be located in government land and existing drainage alignment therefore the construction works will not impede access of residents and businesses. Nevertheless, the construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil; (ii) Provide walkways and metal sheets where required to maintain access for

people and vehicles; (iii) Provide sign boards for pedestrians to inform nature and duration of construction

works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints. 54. Socio-Economic – Employment. Manpower will be required during the construction stage. This can result to generation of contractual employment and increase in local revenue. Thus potential impact is positive and short-term. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Employ at least 50% of the labour force, or to the maximum extent, local persons within the 2-km immediate area if manpower is available; and

(ii) Secure construction materials from local market. 55. Occupational Health and Safety. Workers need to be mindful of the occupational hazards which can arise from works. Potential impacts are negative and short-term but reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Ensure that all site personnel have a basic level of environmental awareness training;

(ii) Staff operating equipment (such as excavators, loaders, etc.) shall be trained and sensitized to any potential hazards associated with their task;

(iii) No operator shall be permitted to operate critical items of mechanical equipment without having been trained by the Contractor.

(iv) All employees must undergo safety training and wear the necessary protective clothing;

(v) A general regard for the social and ecological well-being of the site and adjacent areas is expected of the site staff. Workers need to be made aware of the following general rules:

No alcohol / drugs to be present on site;

Prevent excessive noise

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Construction staff are to make use of the facilities provided for them, as opposed to ad-hoc alternatives (e.g. fires for cooking, the use of surrounding bush as a toilet facility are forbidden)

No fires to be permitted on site

Trespassing on private / commercial properties adjoining the site is forbidden

Other than pre-approved security staff, no workers shall be permitted to live on the construction site

No worker may be forced to do work that is potentially dangerous or for what he / she is not trained to do

(vi) Develop and implement site-specific Health and Safety (H&S) Plan which will include measures such as: (a) excluding public from the site; (b) ensuring all workers are provided with and use Personal Protective Equipment; (c) H&S Training4 for all site personnel; (d) documented procedures to be followed for all site activities; and (e) documentation of work-related accidents;

(vii) Ensure that qualified first-aid can be provided at all times. Equipped first-aid stations shall be easily accessible throughout the site;

(viii) Provide medical insurance coverage for workers; (ix) Secure all installations from unauthorized intrusion and accident risks; (x) Provide supplies of potable drinking water; (xi) Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or

noxious substances; (xii) Provide H&S orientation training to all new workers to ensure that they are

apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers;

(xiii) Provide visitor orientation if visitors to the site can gain access to areas where hazardous conditions or substances may be present. Ensure also that visitor/s do not enter hazard areas unescorted;

(xiv) Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas;

(xv) Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible reverse horn; (xvi) Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical

devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with required standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and

(xvii) Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85 dBA for a duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively.

56. Community Health and Safety. Hazards posed to the public may include traffic accidents and vehicle collision with pedestrians. As location of project site is centralized to the

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Some of the key areas that may be covered during training as they relate to the primary causes of accidents include (i) slips, trips and falls; (ii) personal protective equipment; (iii) ergonomics, repetitive motion, and manual handling; (iv) workplace transport; and (v) legislation and responsibilities. Training can provide the foundations of competence but it does not necessarily result in a competent worker. Therefore, it is essential to assess staff competence to ensure that the training provided is relevant and effective. Supervision and monitoring arrangements shall be in place to ensure that training has been effective and the worker is competent at their job. The level of supervision and monitoring required is a management decision that shall be based on the risks associated with the job, the level of competence required, the experience of the individual and whether the worker works as part of a team or is a lone worker.

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lake hence health and safety risk to community is minimum. Potential impact is negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Plan routes to avoid times of peak-pedestrian activities. (ii) Liaise with PIU/CSS in identifying risk areas on route cards/maps. (iii) Maintain regularly the vehicles and use of manufacturer-approved parts to

minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure.

(iv) Provide road signs and flag persons to warn of dangerous conditions, in case of location near the road.

57. Work Camps. Operation of work camps can cause temporary air and noise pollution from machine operation, water pollution from storage and use of fuels, oils, solvents, and lubricants. Potential impacts are negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Consult with PIU/CSS before locating project offices, sheds, and construction plants;

(ii) Minimize removal of vegetation and disallow cutting of trees; (iii) Provide water and sanitation facilities for employees; (iv) Prohibit employees from poaching wildlife and cutting of trees for firewood; (v) Train employees in the storage and handling of materials which can potentially

cause soil contamination; (vi) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; (vii) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse,

recycling and disposal to designated areas; (viii) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures which are no longer

required; and (ix) Request PIU/CSS to report in writing that the camp has been vacated and

restored to pre-project conditions before acceptance of work.

58. Social and Cultural Resources. For this subproject, only limited excavation will occur at specific locations, so it could be that there is a low risk of such impacts. Nevertheless, the construction contractor will be required to:

(i) Strictly follow the protocol for chance finds in any excavation work; (ii) Request PIU/CSS or any authorized person with archaeological/historical field

training to observe excavation; (iii) Stop work immediately to allow further investigation if any finds are suspected;

and (iv) Inform PIU/CSS if a find is suspected, and take any action they require ensuring

its removal or protection in situ. D. Operation and Maintenance Stage

59. Jamakhandi CMC will be the asset owner after completion and successful commissioning of the subproject. Presently sufficient staff is available for regular maintenance of lake and lake surroundings and Jamakhandi CMC is also allocating sufficient provisions for regular maintenance in their regular budget also.

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60. The As-Built plans and photographs detailing construction dimensions, materials, and installed conditions will be provided by the construction contractors. The photos will feature how the components will be maintained. Any repairs will be small-scale involving manual, temporary, and short-term works involving regular checking and recording of performance for signs of deterioration of the lake environment. 61. One of the main O&M activities will be maintenance of removal of blockages in the stormwater drains, lake retaining walls, and surrounding areas. Necessary man-power, implements and resources will be ensured; proper training and operational manual will be provided for the maintenance staff. Inspection, maintenance, and operation procedures are needed to ensure the public safety. The construction contractors (under defect liability period) and eventually Jamakhandi CMC will:

(i). perform routine and annual safety inspections; (ii). document the inspections; (iii). document maintenance related costs; and (iv). routinely observe water flows and levels.

62. For recurrence of blockage and leakage problems, although impact is likely to be minimal due to the new and well-designed, efficient system, it should be ensured that restoration time is minimized to the extent possible. E. Cumulative Impact Assessment

63. The cumulative impact assessment (CIA) examined the interaction between the subproject’s residual effects (i.e., those effects that remain after mitigation measures have been applied) and those associated with other past, existing, and reasonably foreseeable future projects or activities. The interaction of residual effects associated with multiple projects and activities can result in cumulative impacts, both positive and negative. The subproject’s potential cumulative effects were considered with respect to valued components (VCs) in environmental, socioeconomic, and heritage resources categories, in four areas:

(i). of any potential residual project effects that may occur incrementally over time; (ii). in consideration of other known relevant projects or activities within the specified

study area boundaries, even if not directly related to the subproject; (iii). of any potential overlapping impacts that may occur due to other developments,

even if not directly related to the proposed project; and (iv). in future developments that is reasonably foreseeable and sufficiently certain to

proceed.

64. The subproject IEE has identified the VCs as air quality, water (surface and groundwater) quality, noise, geophysical (hydrogeological), traffic management, socioeconomic and sociocommunity, cultural resources, and human health. There are no foreseeable projects which will overlap with the subproject. The spatial boundary of the subproject is the area along the alignment and the existing RoWs. The temporal boundary can be considered as the whole Jamakhandi City. 65. Air quality effects will be seen during construction. Consequently, although emissions of common air contaminants (CAC) and fugitive dust may be elevated in proximity to active work sites, this impact will be short-term and localized to the immediate vicinity of the alignment. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions may increase as a result of project activities (i.e., vehicle and

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equipment operation, concrete production, disposal of excavated material, disposing of residual wastes). Given the subproject’s relatively minor contribution to CAC and GHG emissions during construction, the overall significance rating of both these potential residual effects is considered negligible. 66. During construction noise levels in the immediate proximity of most work sites are expected to increase. The duration of this exposure will be relatively brief. This exposure represents a temporary, localized, adverse residual effect of low to moderate significance for affected receptors. While building damage due to ground vibrations is unlikely given the mitigation measures in place, there may be annoyance to spatially located receptors during construction. Noise levels associated with the project operations will be largely imperceptible, as the service reservoirs are located in relatively small sites within the city proper. 67. Land use/traffic management concerns will occur during construction. Site-specific mitigation measures will be implemented to address temporary disruptions to land use and access in the vicinity of the alignment, such as road and sidewalk closures, traffic delays and detours, parking modifications, and increased volumes of construction-related traffic. There should be improved traffic movement along the alignment once construction is completed. Since the subproject will be built in undeveloped land earmarked for service reservoirs purposes, it will not conflict with existing or planned land use. However, following improvement in infrastructures and services, added residential developments, commercial and business facilities, and increased densities are expected to develop and enhance the subproject area. This can be considered a long-term cumulative benefit of the subproject. 68. Adverse impacts such as localized disruption of vehicle traffic and pedestrian movements in areas along the alignment, elevated CAC and fugitive dust emissions in proximity to work sites, elevated noise and vibration levels, and visual impacts will occur during construction. These short-term effects will be mitigated by providing alternate travel routes or alternating traffic movements and, where possible, access to businesses, schools, and residences. However, upon completion of construction, the socio-community will benefit from improved water supply system. This is considered a long-term cumulative benefit. 69. No adverse residual effects to human health will occur as a result of subproject construction or operation. While exposure to elevated noise levels, fugitive dust, and CAC emissions will occur in proximity to subproject work sites during construction, due to their short-term, localized nature, these effects are expected to be minor and insignificant with no measurable effects on human health. The subproject operations will benefit the general public by contributing to the long-term improvement of environmental health and community livability in Jamakhandi.

V. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

70. A two-tier consultation process was adopted by NKUSIP for information disclosure and making all the concerned people involved in the project. Institutional consultations were conducted with the governmental departments such as Planning Department, Urban Development Board, KSPCB, Lake Development Authority, Tourism Department and Jamkhandi CMC. After the consultations with Jamakhandi CMC, the Commissioner has certified that the current proposal for Jamakhandi suits the requirements of the Jamakhandi CMC.

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A. Public participation during the preparation of the IEE

71. The public participation process included identifying interested and affected people (stakeholders); informing and providing the stakeholders with sufficient background and technical information regarding the proposed development; creating opportunities and mechanisms whereby they can participate and raise their viewpoints (issues, comments and concerns) with regard to the proposed development; giving the stakeholders feedback on process findings and recommendations; and ensuring compliance to process requirements with regards to the environmental and related legislation.

72. A checklist of questions was kept ready and responses were elicited from people and guidelines were issued to field assistants for the purpose. The questions were kept simple for people to comprehend. Notes were made for the responses and viewpoints presented by people. The communities near Lakkanakere Lake as well as those who visit the lake for recreational purposes were consulted during topographical surveys and site visits. It was noted that people are willing to extend their cooperation as the proposed activities are supposed to enhance the overall conditions of the lake. However, the public expressed their concern regarding the traffic management activities during the construction stage which can have impact on their day-to-day activities. They also demanded for advance notice before construction and proper warning signs along the construction area to avoid accidents and inconvenience. 73. Overall, the public opinion was that the implementation of the subproject components within the Jamakhandi CMC limits will be carried out without any delay, but must implement environmental mitigation measures and include proper operation and maintenance to improve the quality and aesthetics of the lake, public health and quality of life of the local communities. Table 5 summarizes the public consultation conducted in July 2008 in the surrounding areas of Lakkanakere Lake.

Table 5: Summary of Public Consultation in Surrounding Areas of Lakkanakere Lake Queries Responses

1. Does the odor and aesthetic nuisance caused by existing polluted Lakkanakere Lake will be topped? Will there be any mosquito breeding?

Yes. Intercepting of domestic waste pollution from the Chowdaya Nagar slum will improve the quality of the water in Lakkanakere Lake and helps in controlling mosquitoes.

2. Will skin problems and health risks be avoided? Above mentioned response. The pollution of the lake will be controlled and the people taking bath in the lake will be free from health risks and skin problems

3. Will choking of urban drains be stopped? Yes. Routine maintenance will be done by Jamakhandi CMC which checks choking.

4. Will the lake satisfy the requirement of recreation to the public?

Yes, Pollution free lake will satisfy the needs of the public.

B. Future Consultations and Information Disclosure

1. Consultation during detailed design 74. Focus-group discussions with affected persons and other stakeholders to hear their views and concerns, so that these can be addressed in subproject design wherever necessary. Regular updates on the environmental component of the subproject will be kept available at the Jamakhandi CMC, PIU, and consultants offices. 75. PIU, Jamakhandi CMC, and the apex non-government organization (NGO) will conduct information dissemination sessions and solicit the help of the local community

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leaders/prominent citizens to encourage the participation of the people to discuss various environmental issues.

2. Consultation during construction: 76. Public meetings with affected communities (if any) to discuss and plan work programs and allow issues to be raised and addressed once construction has started; and 77. Smaller-scale meetings to discuss and plan construction work with local communities to reduce disturbance and other impacts, and provide a mechanism through which stakeholders can participate in subproject monitoring and evaluation.

3. Project Disclosure 78. Local communities will be continuously consulted regarding location of construction camps, access and hauling routes and other likely disturbances during construction. The road closure together with the proposed detours will be communicated via advertising, pamphlets, radio broadcasts, road signages, etc. 79. For the benefit of the community the summary of the IEE report in English and local languages will be published in the website of KUIDFC. It will be ensured that the hard copies of IEE are kept at places which are conveniently accessible to citizens. Electronic version of the IEE will be placed in the official website of the Jamakhandi CMC and the official website of ADB after approval of the IEE by ADB. The Jamakhandi CMC will issue Notification on the locality-wise start date of implementation of the subproject. The notice will be issued by the PIU in local newspapers one month ahead of the implementation works. Copies of the IEE will be kept in the PMU/PIU office and will be distributed to any person willing to consult the IEE. 80. A board showing the details of the project will be displayed at the construction site for the information of general public. C. Grievance Redress Mechanism

81. A District Level Project Steering Committee (DLPSC) headed by the Concerned District Commissioner (DC) has been established under the NKUSIP project vide GO: No N. A. E. 45 PRJ 04 dated 18/06/04 for 21 towns, in addition to the functions of the committee, Grievance redress was included as additional function vide GO: No N. A. E. 167 PRJ 05 dated 22/09/05 for the same towns and for the additional four towns of Shahabad, Nipanni, Illkal & Sindhanur which were included later the DLPSC was established along the function of grievance redress vide Go No N. A. E124 PRJ 2007, dated 29/11/07, hence a grievance redress mechanism is in place for the project. 82. A Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) is formed to ensure that grievances are addressed in a timely manner, facilitating timely project implementation. The GRC will comprise representatives from APs (ensuring representation of vulnerable households), local government/Gulbarga ULB, Investment Program Officials – Deputy Project Director of NKUSIP, and NGOs/ community based organizations (CBOs). The GRC redresses grievances at the local-level in a consultative manner and with the participation of the affected households, or their representatives. GRC meetings will be convened as necessary to address complaints as they arise. The time and date of GRC meetings will be announced to APs by the implementing NGO and RO a week in advance. The Process of Grievances Redressal Mechanism is as

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follow:

VI. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

83. The EMP will guide the environmentally-sound construction of the subproject and ensure efficient lines of communication between the PMU, consultants, and contractors. The EMP identifies activities according to the following three phases of development: (i) site establishment and preliminary activities; (ii) construction phase; and (iii) post construction/operational phase. 84. The purpose of the EMP is to ensure that the activities are undertaken in a responsible non-detrimental manner with the objectives of: (i) provide a pro-active, feasible and practical working tool to enable the measurement and monitoring of environmental performance on site; (ii) guide and control the implementation of findings and recommendations of the environmental assessment conducted for the subproject; (iii) detail specific actions deemed necessary to assist in mitigating the environmental impact of the subproject; and (iv) ensure that safety recommendations are complied with. 85. A copy of the EMP must be kept on site during the construction period at all times. The EMP will be made binding on all contractors operating on the site and will be included within the Contractual Clauses. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document constitutes a failure in compliance. It shall be noted that the Supreme Court of India5 mandates those responsible for environmental damage must pay the repair costs both to the environment and human health and the preventative measures to reduce or prevent further pollution and/or environmental damage. (The polluter pays principle).

5 Writ Petition No. 657 of 1995. The Supreme Court, in its order dated Feb.4, 2005, that "The Polluter Pays Principle

means that absolute liability of harm to the environment extends not only to compensate the victims of pollution, but also to the cost of restoring environmental degradation. Remediation of damaged environment is part of the process of sustainable development.”

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A. Institutional Arrangement

86. KUIDFC is the Executing Agency (EA) responsible for overall technical supervision and execution of all subprojects funded under the Investment Program. Implementation activities will be overseen by a separate Program Management Unit (PMU) in its head office at Bangalore, in coordination with its regional office in Hubli-Dharwad and four divisional offices established to supervise the implementing agencies in each geographical area. A team of senior technical, administrative and financial officials, including safeguards specialists, will assist the PMU in controlling and monitoring Program implementation activities. The Implementing Agencies (IA) are primarily ULBs in co-ordination with various other agencies of GoK. Project implementation units (PIUs) dedicated exclusively to the project are set up in each town. The PIUs will be staffed by qualified and experienced officers and are responsible for the day-to-day activities of project implementation in the field, and will be under the direct administrative control of the PMU. Consultant teams are responsible for subproject planning and management and assuring technical quality of design and construction; and designing the infrastructure and supervising construction; and safeguards preparation. 87. Environment specialists will also be appointed as part of the DSC teams to (i) update the existing IEEs in the detailed design stage; (ii) assist in the monitoring of EMP during construction stage; and (iii) prepare EIAs/IEEs for new subprojects, where required to comply with national law and/or ADB requirements.

1. Contractor 88. The Contractor shall be responsible for the implementation of necessary mitigation measures as per the Bid document and agreement. EMP requirements mentioned shall be strictly adhered by the Contractor which are legally binding. The contractor shall:

(i) Comply with all applicable legislation, is conversant with the requirements of the EMP, and briefs staff about the requirements of same;

(ii) Ensure any sub-contractors/ suppliers who are utilized within the context of the contract comply with the environmental requirements of the EMP. the contractor will be held responsible for non-compliance on their behalf;

(iii) Supply method statements for all activities requiring special attention as specified and/or requested by the engineer or environmental expert (of engineer) during the duration of the contract;

(iv) Provide environmental awareness training to staff; (v) Bear the costs of any damages/ compensation resulting from non-adherence to

the EMP or written site instructions; (vi) Conduct all activities in a manner that minimizes disturbance to directly affected

residents and the public in general, and foreseeable impacts on the environment. (vii) Ensure that the engineer is timely informed of any foreseeable activities that will

require input from the environmental expert (of engineer). (viii) Appoint a nodal officer for implementation of EMP, community liaisoning,

reporting and grievance redressal on day to day basis. (ix) Receive complaints/grievances from public, immediately implements the

remedial measures and reports to the engineer (DSC) within 48 hours. 89. The Contractor is deemed not to have complied with the EMP if:

22

(i) Within the boundaries of the site, site extensions and haul/ access roads there is evidence of contravention of clauses.

(ii) If environmental damage ensues due to negligence. (iii) The contractor fails to comply with corrective or other instructions issued by the

CSS/Consultant’s Environment Specialist/Divisional Environment Specialist/State Environment Specialist within a specified time.

(iv) The Contractor fails to respond adequately to complaints from the public.

2. Construction Supervision Specialist (CSS)

(i) CSS will be monitoring the critical environmental safeguards (ii) Submit report (hard copy and soft copy) in each month for each component of

the subproject to Divisional Environment Specialist 3. Design and Supervision Consultant’s Environment Specialist

(i) Revise the IEE and EMP in accordance with detailed design changes if

warranted. (ii) Ensure that EMP requirements are included in the bid document and contract

agreement. (iii) Prepare inventory of utilities to be affected by the subproject. (iv) Conduct environmental monitoring as specified in monitoring plan for the

implementation of mitigation measures during construction activity. (v) Ensure statutory clearances and permits from government agencies/other

entities are obtained prior to start of construction works and commissioning. (vi) Consult affected people prior to start of construction works. (vii) Ensure disclosure of information prior to start of construction works and

throughout the duration of the construction period. (viii) Conduct baseline environmental conditions and inventory of affected trees (ix) Prepare monthly progress reports to be submitted to PMU including a section on

implementation of the mitigation measures (x) In coordination with apex NGO and divisional/regional/state Environment

Specialist, conduct public consultation and disclosure during IEE process and reflect comments/issues in the IEE report.

(xi) Inspect contractor’s proposed locations for construction work camps, storage areas, hauling roads, lay down areas, disposal areas for solid and hazardous wastes

(xii) Apply for all required consents, clearances, and permits prior to commissioning. (xiii) Monitor and approve post-construction activities by the contractors as specified

in the EMP. 4. Divisional Environment Specialist

(i) Ensure statutory clearances and permits from government agencies/other

entities are obtained prior to start of construction works and commissioning. (ii) Monitor the disclosure and public consultation. (iii) Approve contractor’s proposed locations for construction work camps, storage

areas, hauling roads, lay down areas, disposal areas for solid and hazardous wastes

(iv) Approve contractor’s site-specific environmental plan (such as traffic management plan, waste management plan, locations for camp sites, storage

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23

areas, lay down areas, and other sites/plans specified in the EMP). (v) Visit each city once in a month and observe the compliance of the EMP against

the IEE for each sub-component. (vi) Training of officers involved in the project on EMP monitoring as given in IEE or

as required. (vii) Submit a report to RO office once in a month (viii) Review monitoring report of DSC on post-construction activities by the

contractors as specified in the EMP

5. Regional Environment Specialist

(i) Ensure statutory clearances and permits from government agencies/other entities are obtained prior to start of construction works and commissioning.

(ii) Monitor the disclosure and public consultation. (iii) Visit subprojects in each package (atleast 2 towns) once in a month and observe

the compliance of the EMP as given in the IEE for each sub-component. (iv) Training of officers involved in the project on EMP monitoring as given in IEE as

required. (v) Submit consolidated reports once in a month to PMU.

6. State Environment Specialist (i) Ensure statutory clearances and permits from government agencies/other

entities are obtained prior to start of construction works and commissioning. (ii) Review the REA checklists and draft IEE (iii) Disclose on its website the approved IEE (iv) Ensure disclosure of information throughout the duration of the subproject. (v) Visit to subprojects and training as and when required. (vi) Analysis and consolidation of reports submitted by RO. (vii) Submission of 6-monthly reports to ADB. 7. ADB (i) During detailed design stage: (a) review the REA checklists and reconfirm the

categorization;(b) review and approve IEE reports; (c) disclose on its website the submitted IEE report

(ii) During construction stage: review the 6-monthly report, provide necessary advice if needed to KUIDFC and approve the same. ADB will disclose on its website all submitted environmental monitoring reports.

B. Environmental Management Plan

90. The following tables show the potential environmental impacts, proposed mitigation measures and responsible parties. This EMP will be included in the bid and contract documents. The EMP will be further reviewed and updated during implementation.

Table 6: Lake Development Establishment and Preliminary Activities Field Mitigation Measures Responsible for Mitigation Monitoring of

Mitigation

Incorporation of Verification of contract documents DSC and CSS One-off inspection

24

Field Mitigation Measures Responsible for Mitigation Monitoring of Mitigation

mitigation measures into the bidding and civil

contract documents

before signing of the contract

Legislation, Permits and Agreements

(i) In all instances, KUIDFC, service providers, contractors and consultants must remain in compliance with relevant local and national legislation; (ii) Contractor to submit proof of compliance to Air Act (in relation to stone crushers, diesel generators)

DSC, CSS and State/Regional/Divisional Environment Specialist

Obtained prior to moving onto site and during construction

Access to Site

(i) Access to site will be via existing roads. The Contractor will need to ascertain the existing condition of the roads and repair damage shall not occur due to construction. (ii) The location of all affected services and servitudes must be identified and confirmed.

DSC and CSS Site inspection, photographs, and strip map prior to moving to site and during construction

Construction work camps, stockpile areas, storage areas, and disposal areas.

(i) Prioritize areas within or nearest possible vacant space in the subproject location; (ii) If it is deemed necessary to locate elsewhere, consider sites that will not promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems; (iii) Do not consider residential areas; (iv) Take extreme care in selecting sites to avoid direct disposal to lake water body. (v) The construction camp may not be situated on a floodplain or on slopes greater than 1:3. (vi) If the Contractor chooses to locate the camp site on private land, he must get prior permission from both the DSC Environment Specialist and the landowner. (v) In most cases, on-site accommodation will not be required. The construction camp can thus be comprised of:

• site office • toilet facilities • designated first aid area • eating areas • staff lockers and showers (where water and waterborne sewers are available) • storage areas • batching plant (if required) • refuelling areas (if required) • maintenance areas (if required) • crushers (if required)

(vi) Cut and fill must be avoided

PMU. DSC and CSS to determine locations prior to award of construction contracts.

List of selected sites for construction work camps, stockpile areas, storage areas, and disposal areas.

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25

Field Mitigation Measures Responsible for Mitigation Monitoring of Mitigation

where possible during the set up of the construction camp. (vii) Under no circumstances may open areas or the surrounding bush be used as a toilet facility. (viii) Bins and/or skips shall be provided at convenient intervals for disposal of waste within the construction camp. (ix) Recycling and the provision of separate waste receptacles for different types of waste shall be encouraged.

Sources of Materials

(i) Prioritize sites already permitted by the Mining Department; (ii) If other sites are necessary, inform construction contractor that it is their responsibility to verify the suitability of all material sources and to obtain the approval of PMU and (iii) If additional quarries will be required after construction is started, inform construction contractor to obtain a written approval from PMU.

PMU. DSC and CSS to prepare list of approved quarry sites and sources of materials

(i) List of approved quarry sites and sources of materials; (ii) Bid document to include requirement for verification of suitability of sources and permit for additional quarry sites if necessary.

Stormwater6 (i) To prevent water run-off resulting

from construction activities a site-specific drainage plan must be submitted to the DSC Environment Specialist for approval and must include the location and design criteria of any temporary stream crossings (siting and return period etc); (ii) Temporary cut off drains and berms may be required to capture storm water and promote infiltration.

DSC, CSS and State/Regional/Divisional Environment Specialist

Construction site drainage plan

Conservation of the Natural Environment

7

(i) No vegetation may be cleared without prior permission from the DSC Environment Specialist. (ii) Trees that are not to be cleared shall be marked beforehand with danger tape. The PMU Environment Coordinator must be given a chance to mark vegetation that is to be conserved before the Contractor begins clearing the site (iii) Care must be taken to avoid the introduction of alien plant species to the site and surrounding areas. (Particular attention must be paid to imported material)

DSC, CSS, Divisional, Rguonal, and State Environment Specialist

Tree-cutting clearance and tree markings prior to start of construction works

Cultural Environment

(i) Prior to the commencement of construction, all staff need to know what possible archaeological or historical objects of value may look

DSC, CSS, Divisional, Rguonal, and State Environment Specialist

Chance find protocol

6 Serious financial and environmental impacts can be caused by unmanaged storm water.

7 Alien plant encroachment is particularly damaging to natural habitats and is often associated with disturbance to

the soil during construction activities. Care must be taken to conserve existing plant and animal life on and surrounding the site.

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Field Mitigation Measures Responsible for Mitigation Monitoring of Mitigation

like, and to notify the DSC Environment Specialist shall such an item be uncovered.

Education of site staff on general and environmental conduct

8

(i) Ensure that all site personnel have a basic level of environmental awareness training (ii) Staff operating equipment (such as excavators, loaders, etc.) shall be adequately trained and sensitized to any potential hazards associated with their task (iii) No operator shall be permitted to operate critical items of mechanical equipment without having been trained by the Contractor and certified competent by KUIDFC (iv) All employees must undergo safety training and wear the necessary protective clothing (v) A general regard for the social and ecological well-being of the site and adjacent areas is expected of the site staff. Workers need to be made aware of the following general rules:

• No alcohol / drugs to be present on site; • Prevent excessive noise • Construction staff are to make use of the facilities provided for them, as opposed to ad-hoc alternatives (e.g. fires for cooking, the use of surrounding bus as a toilet facility are forbidden) • No fires to be permitted on site • Trespassing on private / commercial properties adjoining the site is forbidden • Other than pre-approved security staff, no workers shall be permitted to live on the construction site • No worker may be forced to do work that is potentially dangerous or for what he / she is not trained to do

DSC, CSS and State/Regional/Divisional Environment Specialist

Conducted prior to moving onto site and during construction

Security and safety (i) Lighting on site is to be set out to provide maximum security and to enable easier policing of the site, without creating a visual nuisance to local residents or businesses.

DSC Environment Specialist During site set-up

Community All interested and affected persons shall be notified in advance of any known potential risks associated with the construction site and the activities on it.

DSC Environment Specialist 24 hours prior to activity

8 These points need to be made clear to all staff on site before the subproject begin.

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Table7: Lake Development Construction Stage Field and Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible

for Mitigation Monitoring of

Mitigation

Sources of materials Extraction of rocks and material may cause ground instability

(i) Use quarry sites and sources permitted by government; (ii) Verify suitability of all material sources and obtain approval of PMU; (iii) If additional quarries will be required after construction has started, obtain written approval from PIU; and; (iv) Submit to CSS on a monthly basis documentation of sources of materials.

Construction Contractor

Construction Contractor documentation

Accessibility Traffic problems and conflicts near project location and road

(i) Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do not use narrow local roads, except in the immediate vicinity of delivery sites; (ii) Schedule transport and hauling activities during non-peak hours; (iii) Locate entry and exit points in areas where there is low potential for traffic congestion; (iv) Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; (v) Drive vehicles in a considerate manner; (vi) Coordinate with Traffic Police for temporary road diversions and with for provision of traffic aids if transportation activities cannot be avoided during peak hours; and (vii) Notify affected sensitive receptors by providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints. (viii) Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil; (ix) During construction period, planks / makeshift pathways should be provided along the construction areas for the public to access their requirements for residential, shopping and other facilities.

Construction Contractor

(i) Traffic Management Plan; (ii) Complaints from sensitive receptors; (iii) Number of signages placed at subproject location.

Socio-economic – employment Generation of contractual employment and increase in local revenue

(i) Employ at least 50% of the labour force, or to the maximum extent, local persons within the 2-km immediate area if manpower is available; and (ii) Secure construction materials from local market.

Construction Contractor

(i) Employment records; (ii) Records of sources of materials

Dust nuisance/ air quality Dust generation may be significant as the dry weather condition prevails in the city. Nuisance due to dust and increased traffic flow due to vehicle movement for construction activities. Emissions from construction vehicles, equipment, and machinery used for excavation and construction resulting to

(i) Consult with PIU/CSS on the designated areas for stockpiling of clay, soils, gravel, and other construction materials; (ii) Damp down exposed soil and any stockpiled on site by spraying with water when necessary during dry weather; (iii) Use tarpaulins to cover sand and other loose material when transported by trucks; and (iv) Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control

Construction Contractor

(i) Location of stockpiles; (ii) Complaints from sensitive receptors; (iii) Heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices

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Field and Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Mitigation

Monitoring of Mitigation

dusts and increase in concentration of vehicle-related pollutants

devices which are operating correctly.

Surface water quality Mobilization of settled silt materials, run-off from stockpiled materials, and chemical contamination from fuels and lubricants during construction works can contaminate nearby surface water quality.

(i) Avoid stockpiling of earth fill especially during the monsoon season unless covered by tarpaulins or plastic sheets; (ii) Prioritize re-use of excess spoils and materials in the construction works. If spoils will be disposed, consult with PIU/CSS on designated disposal areas; (iii) Install temporary silt traps or sedimentation basins along the drainage leading to the water bodies; (iv) Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies; (v) Dispose any wastes generated by construction activities in designated sites; and (vi) Conduct surface quality inspection according to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

Construction Contractor

(i) Areas for stockpiles, storage of fuels and lubricants and waste materials; (ii) Number of silt traps installed along drainages leading to water bodies; (iii) Records of surface water quality inspection; (iv) Effectiveness of water management measures; (v) For inland water: suspended solids, oil and grease, biological oxygen demand (BOD), and coliforms.

Noise levels Increase in noise level due to earth-moving and excavation equipment, and the transportation of equipment, materials, and people

(i) Plan activities in consultation with PIU/CSS so that activities with the greatest potential to generate noise are conducted during periods of the day which will result in least disturbance; (ii) Horns should not be used unless it is necessary to warn other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; (iii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and portable street barriers the sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; and (iv) Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels (dbA) when measured at a distance of 10 m or more from the vehicle/s.

Construction Contractor

(i) Complaints from sensitive receptors; (ii) Use of silencers in noise-producing equipment and sound barriers; (iii) Equivalent day and night time noise levels

Existing infrastructure and facilities Disruption of service and damage to existing infrastructure at specified project location

(i) Obtain from PMU/CSS the list of affected utilities and operators if any; (ii) Prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruption of service

Construction Contractor

Existing Utilities Contingency Plan

Conservation of natural environment Tree-cutting, vegetation clearing, and animal poaching

(i) Check vegetation clearing and tree-felling have prior permission as the work front progresses. (ii) Ensure only trees that have been marked beforehand are to be removed. (iii) Prohibit site staff from gathering firewood, fruits, plants, crops or any other natural material on-site or in areas adjacent to the sites (iv) Prohibit site staff from hunting of birds and animals on-site or in areas adjacent to the sites.

Construction Contractor

(i) Tree-cutting clearance (ii) Site inspection report (iii) Complaints from sensitive receptors

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29

Field and Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Mitigation

Monitoring of Mitigation

Landscape and aesthetics Solid wastes as well as excess construction materials

(i) Prepare and implement site-specific Waste Management Plan; (ii) Avoid stockpiling of excess excavated soils; (ii) Coordinate with Jamakhandi CMC/PWD for beneficial uses of excess excavated soils or immediately dispose to designated areas; (iv) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the sites; (v) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; (vi) Remove all wreckage, rubbish; and (vii) Request PMU/CSS to report in writing that the necessary environmental restoration work has been adequately performed before acceptance of work.

Construction Contractor

(i) site-specific Waste Management Plan; (ii) Complaints from sensitive receptors;

Occupational health and safety Occupational hazards which can arise during work

(i) Develop and implement site-specific Health and Safety (H&S) Plan which will include measures such as: (a) excluding public from the site; (b) ensuring all workers are provided with and use Personal Protective Equipment like helmet, gumboot, safety belt, gloves, nose musk and ear plugs; (c) H&S Training for all site personnel; (d) documented procedures to be followed for all site activities; and (e) documentation of work-related accidents; (ii) Ensure that qualified first-aid can be provided at all times. Equipped first-aid stations shall be easily accessible throughout the site; (iii) Provide medical insurance coverage for workers; (iv) Secure all installations from unauthorized intrusion and accident risks; (v) Provide supplies of potable drinking water; (vi) Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances; (vii) Provide H&S orientation training to all new workers to ensure that they are apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers; (viii) Provide visitor orientation if visitors to the site can gain access to areas where hazardous conditions or substances may be present. Ensure also that visitor/s do not enter hazard areas unescorted; (ix) Ensure the visibility of workers

Construction Contractor

(i) Site-specific Health and Safety (H&S) Plan; (ii) Equipped first-aid stations; (iii) Medical insurance coverage for workers; (iv) Number of accidents; (v) Supplies of potable drinking water; (vi) Clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances; (vii) record of H&S orientation trainings (viii) personal protective equipments; (ix) % of moving equipment outfitted with audible back-up alarms; (xi) sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal.

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Field and Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Mitigation

Monitoring of Mitigation

through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas; (x) Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible reverse horns; (xi) Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and (xii) Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85 dBA for a duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively. (xiii) Ensure no alcohol / drugs to be present on site, no fires to be permitted on site, trespassing on private / commercial properties adjoining the site is forbidden; other than pre-approved security staff, no workers shall be permitted to live on the construction site; and no worker may be forced to do work that is potentially dangerous or for what he / she is not trained to do

Community health and safety. Traffic accidents and vehicle collision with pedestrians during material and waste transportation

(i) Plan routes to avoid times of peak-pedestrian activities. (ii) Liaise with PIU/CSS in identifying high-risk areas on route cards/maps. (iii) Maintain regularly the vehicles and use of manufacturer-approved parts to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure. (iv) Provide road signs and flag persons to warn.

Construction Contractor

(i) Traffic Management Plan; (ii) Complaints from sensitive receptors

Construction camps Temporary air and noise pollution from machine operation, water pollution from storage and use of fuels, oils, solvents, and lubricants

(i) Consult with PIU/CSS before locating project offices, sheds, and construction plants; (ii) Locate the camp 100 m away from the construction site; (iii) Provide water and sanitation facilities for employees; (iv) Prohibit employees from poaching wildlife and cutting of trees for firewood; (v) Train employees in the storage and handling of materials which can potentially cause soil contamination; (vi) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; (vii) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; (viii) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or

Construction Contractor

(i) Complaints from sensitive receptors; (ii) Water and sanitation facilities for employees; and (iii) PMU/CSS report in writing that the camp has been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions

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31

Field and Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Mitigation

Monitoring of Mitigation

temporary structures (such as buildings, shelters, and latrines) which are no longer required; and (ix) Request PIU/CSS to report in writing that the camp has been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions before acceptance of work.

Social and cultural resources Risk of archaeological chance finds

(i) Strictly follow the protocol for chance finds in any excavation work; (ii) Request PMU/CSS or any authorized person with archaeological field training to observe excavation; (iii) Stop work immediately to allow further investigation if any finds are suspected; and (iv) Inform PMU/CSS if a find is suspected, and take any action they require ensuring its removal or protection in situ. All necessary and adequate care should be taken to minimize the impact on protected properties If articles such as fabrics, coins, artifacts, structures or other geographically or archaeologically important materials are discovered, the excavation should be stopped and the Archaeological Department should be intimated at the earliest and all the articles received during Sewage diversion. Should be handed over to ASI.

Construction Contractor

Records of chance finds

Table 8: Lake Development Post-Construction Activities (Defects Liability Period ) Field Mitigation Measures Responsible for

Monitoring Monitoring of

Mitigation

Construction Camp

(i) All structures comprising the construction camp are to be removed from site. (ii) The area that previously housed the construction camp is to be checked for spills of substances such as oil, paint etc. and these shall be cleaned up. (iii) All hardened surfaces within the construction camp area shall be ripped, all imported materials removed, and the area shall be top-soiled and re-grassed using the guidelines set out in the revegetation specification that forms part of this document. (iv) The Contractor must arrange the cancellation of all temporary services.

Contractor; DSC Environment Specialist

Subproject completion

Vegetation (i) All areas that have been disturbed by construction activities (including the construction camp area) must be cleared of alien vegetation. (ii) Open areas are to be re-planted as per the revegetation specification. (iii) All vegetation that has been cleared during construction is to be removed from site or used as much as per the revegetation specification, (except for seeding alien vegetation). (iv) The Contractor is to water and maintain all planted vegetation until the end of the defects liability period and is to submit a method statement regarding this to

DSC Environment Specialist

Subproject completion

32

Field Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring

Monitoring of Mitigation

the DSC Environment Specialist.

Land Restoration

(i) (i) All surfaces hardened due to construction activities are to be ripped and imported materials thereon removed.

(ii) (ii) All rubble is to be removed from the site to an approved disposal site. Burying of rubble on site is prohibited.

(iii) (iii) The site is to be cleared of all litter.

(iv) Surfaces are to be checked for waste products from activities such as concreting or asphalting and cleared in a manner approved by the DSC Environment Specialist.

(v) (iv) All embankments are to be trimmed, shaped and replanted to the satisfaction of the DSC Environment Specialist.

(vi) (v) Borrow pits are to be closed and rehabilitated in accordance with the pre-approved management plan for each borrow pit. The Contractor shall liase with the DSC Environment Specialist regarding these requirements.

(vii) (vi) The Contractor is to check that all watercourses are free from building rubble, spoil materials and waste materials.

DSC Environment Specialist and Contractor

Subproject completion

Materials and Infrastructure

(i) Fences, barriers and demarcations associated with the construction phase are to be removed from the site unless stipulated otherwise by the DSC Environment Specialist. (ii) All residual stockpiles must be removed to spoil or spread on site as directed by the DSC Environment Specialist. (iii) All leftover building materials must be returned to the depot or removed from the site. (iv) The Contractor must repair any damage that the construction works has caused to neighboring properties.

DSC Environment Specialist and Contractor

Subproject completion

General (i) A meeting is to be held on site between the DSC Environment Specialist, PMU Environment Coordinator and the Contractor to approve all remediation activities and to ensure that the site has been restored to a condition approved by the DSC Environment Specialist. (ii) Temporary roads must be closed and access across these blocked. (iii) Access or haulage roads that were built across watercourses must be rehabilitated by removing temporary bridges and any other materials placed in/or near to watercourses. Revegetation of banks or streambeds must be as necessary to stabilize these and must be approved by the DSC Environment Specialist. (iv) All areas where temporary services were installed are to be rehabilitated to the satisfaction of the DSC Environment Specialist

Contractor, DSC Environment Specialist and PMU Environment Specialist

On completion of the construction and maintenance phases

C. Environmental Monitoring Program

91. The following tables indicate the recommended environmental monitoring programs for

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33

the lake development component. The activities identified in environmental monitoring program mainly includes site inspections and informal discussions with workers and local people and this will be the responsibility of PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) with the assistance of DSC, costs of which are part of project management. 92. The construction contractor’s cost for site establishment, preliminary, construction, and defect liability activities will be incorporated into the contractual agreements, which will be binding on him for implementation. The air quality, surface water quality, and noise level monitoring of construction and defect liability phases will be conducted by the contractor.

Table 9: Lake Development Environmental Monitoring Program Field Responsible for

Mitigation Parameters Frequency Standards/

Guidelines Source of

Funds

Incorporation of mitigation measures into the bidding and civil contract documents

DSC, CSS and State/Regional/Divisional Environment Specialist

Agreement Protocol

One-off inspection before signing of the contract

Pre-construction activity

PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) and DSC costs

Legislation, Permits and Agreements

DSC, CSS and State/Regional/Divisional Environment Specialist

Obtained prior to moving onto site and during construction

Prior to award of contracts

Air Act PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) and DSC costs

Access to Site

DSC and CSS Site inspection, photographs, and strip map prior to moving to site and during construction

prior to moving onto site

pre-construction condition

PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) and DSC costs

Construction work camps, stockpile areas, storage areas, and disposal areas.

PMU. DSC and CSS to determine locations prior to award of construction contracts.

List of selected sites for construction work camps, stockpile areas, storage areas, and disposal areas.

prior to moving onto site

pre-construction condition

PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) and DSC costs

Sources of Materials

PMU. DSC and CSS to prepare list of approved quarry sites and sources of materials

(i) List of approved quarry sites and sources of materials; (ii) Bid document to include requirement for verification of suitability of sources and permit for additional quarry sites if necessary. (iii) Construction Contractor documentation

prior to moving onto site monthly during construction works

approved sources

PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) and DSC costs

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Field Responsible for Mitigation

Parameters Frequency Standards/ Guidelines

Source of Funds

Stormwater DSC, CSS and State/Regional/Divisional Environment Specialist

Construction site drainage plan

prior to moving onto site

will not cause water-logging to adjacent and upstream sites

PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) and DSC costs

Conservation of the Natural Environment

DSC, CSS, Divisional, Rguonal, and State Environment Specialist

Tree-cutting clearance and tree markings prior to start of construction works

prior to moving onto site

approved and marked trees

PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) and DSC costs

Cultural Environment

DSC, CSS, Divisional, Rguonal, and State Environment Specialist

Chance find protocol

prior to moving onto site

all chance finds PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) and DSC costs

Education of site staff on general and environmental conduct

DSC, CSS and State/Regional/Divisional Environment Specialist

Conducted prior to moving onto site and during construction

prior to moving onto site

environmental and H&S awareness

PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) and DSC costs

Security and safety

DSC Environment Specialist

During site set-up

prior to moving onto site

EMP PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) and DSC costs

Community DSC Environment Specialist and apex NGO

Activities that may impede access, disturb sensitive receptors

24 hours prior to activity

EMP PMU (State, Regional and Divisional level) and DSC costs

Accessibility Construction Contractor (i) Traffic Management Plan; (ii) Complaints from sensitive receptors; (iii) Number of signages placed at subproject location.

Monthly or as necessary in case of complaints

EMP Construction Contractor

Socio-economic – employment

Construction Contractor (i) Employment records; (ii) Records of sources of materials

Prior to start of construction and 6-months thereafter

EMP Construction Contractor

Dust nuisance/ air quality

Construction Contractor (i) Location of stockpiles; (ii) Complaints from sensitive receptors; (iii) Heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices

Monthly or as necessary in case of complaints

no increase in dust level

Construction Contractor

Surface water quality

Construction Contractor (i) Areas for stockpiles, storage of fuels and lubricants and waste materials;

Monthly or as necessary in case of complaints

no increase in turbidity and no solid waste at any time

Construction Contractor

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35

Field Responsible for Mitigation

Parameters Frequency Standards/ Guidelines

Source of Funds

(ii) Number of silt traps installed along drainages leading to water bodies; (iii) Records of surface water quality inspection; (iv) Effectiveness of water management measures; (v) For inland water: suspended solids, oil and grease, biological oxygen demand (BOD), and coliforms.

Noise levels Construction Contractor (i) Complaints from sensitive receptors; (ii) Use of silencers in noise-producing equipment and sound barriers; (iii) Equivalent day and night time noise levels

Monthly or as necessary in case of complaints

no increase in noise levels

Construction Contractor

Existing infrastructure and facilities

Construction Contractor Existing Utilities Contingency Plan

Prior to start of construction works

pre-construction conditions

Construction Contractor

Conservation of natural environment

Construction Contractor (i) Tree-cutting clearance (ii) Site inspection report (iii) Complaints from sensitive receptors

Prior to start of construction works and as necessary in case of complaint

approved and marked trees

Construction Contractor

Landscape and aesthetics

Construction Contractor (i) site-specific Waste Management Plan; (ii) Complaints from sensitive receptors (iii) PMU/CSS report in writing that the site

Prior to start of construction works and as necessary in case of complaint Once during construction completion

pre-construction conditions

Construction Contractor

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Field Responsible for Mitigation

Parameters Frequency Standards/ Guidelines

Source of Funds

has been vacated, cleared of any construction waste and restored to pre-project conditions

Occupational health and safety

Construction Contractor (i) Site-specific Health and Safety (H&S) Plan; (ii) Equipped first-aid stations; (iii) Medical insurance coverage for workers; (iv) Number of accidents; (v) Supplies of potable drinking water; (vi) Clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances; (vii) record of H&S orientation trainings (viii) personal protective equipments; (ix) % of moving equipment outfitted with audible back-up alarms; (xi) sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal.

Prior to start of construction work, post-orientation of new employee, monthly during construction works, and as necessary in case of complaints

EMP Construction Contractor

Community health and

Construction Contractor (i) Traffic Management

Prior to and during road

EMP Construction Contractor

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Field Responsible for Mitigation

Parameters Frequency Standards/ Guidelines

Source of Funds

safety Plan; (ii) Complaints from sensitive receptors

closures and/or re-routing and as necessary in case of complaints

Construction camps

Construction Contractor (i) Complaints from sensitive receptors; (ii) Water and sanitation facilities for employees (iii) PMU/CSS report in writing that the camp has been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions

Monthly and as necessary in case of complaints Once during construction completion

pre-construction conditions

Construction Contractor

Social and cultural resources

Construction Contractor Records of chance finds

As necessary in case of chance finds

EMP Construction Contractor

D. Capacity Building and Training Needs

93. A training program has been developed to build the capability of PMU, PIU, and Jamakhandi CMC in implementing the EMP. The suggested outline of the training program is presented in Table 10.

Table 10: Indicative Capacity Building and Training Program Description Contents Schedule Participants

Program 1

Orientation Program / Workshop for and Implementing Agency and Executing Agency

Module 1 – Orientation

Investment Program Cycle of NKUSIP ADBs Environmental Assessment Guidelines EA requirements of NKUSIP Indian Environmental Laws and Regulations relating to urban infrastructure Investment Program Environmental impacts of urban infrastructure Investment Programs Module 2 Environmental Assessment Process

Investment Program categorization as per ADB IEE/EIA process, Formats and Reports Identification of Environmental Impacts Identification Mitigation Measures Formulation of Environmental Management Plan Implementation and Monitoring Summary EIA/IEEs Review of EIA/IEE reports to comply with ADB requirements Incorporation of mitigating measures in the Investment Program design and contracts

2 days PMU/DSC officials involved in the Investment Program ULB officials involved in NKUSIP implementation

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Description Contents Schedule Participants

Program - 2

Orientation Program / Workshop for Contractors and Supervisory staff

Module 1 Implementation of Mitigation Measures

Environmental issues related urban infrastructure during construction Implementation of mitigation measures Monitoring of implementation

1 day

Contractors involved in NKUSIP Supervisory staff of ULB

Program - 3

Experience Sharing

Module – Experiences and Best Practices

Experiences on implementation in terms of environmental concerns of implemented Investment Programs Best Practices followed

1 day (every alternative year from the start of NKUSIP, i.e. 2010)

PMU/DSC officials ULB officials Local NGOs

E. Monitoring and Reporting

94. Prior to commencement of any civil work, the contractor will submit a compliance report to DSC ensuring that all identified pre-construction environmental impact mitigation measures as detailed in the EMP will be undertaken. DSC will review the report and thereafter PMU (state, regional and divisional levels) will allow commencement of civil works. 95. PMU, PIU, and DSC will organize an induction course for the training of contractors preparing them on:

(i) EMP implementation including environmental monitoring requirements related to identified mitigation measures; and (ii) taking immediate actions to remedy unexpected adverse impacts or ineffective mitigation measures found during the course of implementation.

96. The PMU, PIU, and DSC consultants will be responsible for monitoring. The DSC will submit monthly monitoring reports to PMU, and the PMU will send semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB. ADB will post the environmental monitoring reports on its website. The format of the monthly report is given in Appendix 6.

VII. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

97. The process described in this document has assessed the environmental impacts of all elements of the subproject in Jamakhandi. Potential negative impacts were identified in relation to pre-construction , construction, and operation of the improved infrastructure. Mitigation measures have been developed to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. These were discussed with specialists responsible for the engineering aspects, and as a result some measures have already been included in the designs for the infrastructure. This means that the number of impacts and their significance has already been reduced by amending the design. 98. The public participation processes undertaken during project design ensure stakeholders are engaged during the preparation of the IEE. The planned information disclosure measures and process for carrying out consultation with affected people will facilitate their participation during project implementation. 99. The subproject’s Grievance Redress Mechanism will provide the citizens with a platform for redress of their grievances and describes the informal and formal channels, time frame and mechanisms for resolving complaints about environmental performance.

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100. The EMP will guide the environmentally-sound construction of the subproject and ensure efficient lines of communication between KUIDFC, PIU, consultants and the contractors. The EMP will (i) ensure that the activities are undertaken in a responsible non-detrimental manner; (i) provide a pro-active, feasible and practical working tool to enable the measurement and monitoring of environmental performance on site; (ii) guide and control the implementation of findings and recommendations of the environmental assessment conducted for the subproject; (iii) detail specific actions deemed necessary to assist in mitigating the environmental impact of the subproject; and (iv) ensure that safety recommendations are complied with. 101. A copy of the EMP will be kept on site during the construction period at all times. The EMP will be made binding on all contractors operating on the site and will be included within the Contractual Clauses. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document constitutes a failure in compliance. 102. The subproject is unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts because: (i) most of the individual components involve straightforward construction and operation, so impacts will be mainly localized; (ii) in most cases the predicted impacts are likely to be associated with the construction process and are produced because the process is invasive, involving excavation, obstruction at specific construction locations, and earth movements; and (iii) being located mainly on existing facilities and built-up area will not cause direct impact on terrestrial biodiversity values. The potential adverse impacts that are associated with design, construction, and operation can be mitigated to standard levels without difficulty through proper engineering design and the incorporation or application of recommended mitigation measures and procedures. 103. Therefore per ADB SPS, the subproject is classified as environmental Category B and does not require further Environmental Impact Assessment.

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APPENDIX 1: RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (REA) CHECKLIST Instructions:

(i) The project team completes this checklist to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form and submitted to the Environment and Safeguards Division (RSES), for endorsement by Director, RSES and for approval by the Chief Compliance Officer. (ii) This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB's (a) checklists on involuntary resettlement and Indigenous Peoples; (b) poverty reduction handbook; (c) staff guide to consultation and participation; and (d) gender checklists. (iii) Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

Country/Project Title: IND: NKUSIP – Tranche 3 (Jamakhandi Lake Development) Sector Division: South Asia Urban and Water Division

Screening Questions No Yes Remarks

A. Project Sitting

Is the project area

Densely Populated? x

Heavy with Development Activities? x

Adjacent to or within any environmentally sensitive areas?

Cultural heritage site x

Protected Area x

Wetland x

Mangrove x

Estuarine x

Buffer zone of protected area x

Special area for protecting biodiversity x

Bay x

B. Potential Environmental Impacts

Will the Project cause…

Impairment of historical/ cultural monuments/ areas and loss/damage to these sites?

x

Interference with other utilities and blocking of access to buildings; nuisance to neighboring areas due to noise, smell, and influx of insects, rodents, etc.?

x

dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people x

Impairment of downstream water quality due to inadequate sewage treatment or release of untreated sewage?

x

overflows and flooding of neighboring properties with raw sewage?

x

environmental pollution due to inadequate sludge disposal or industrial waste discharges illegally disposed in sewers?

x

noise and vibration due to blasting and other construction works?

x Due to construction activities. The EMP includes measures to mitigate the impacts

inadequate buffer zone around pumping to alleviate noise and other possible nuisances, and protect facilities?

x

social conflicts between construction workers from other areas and community workers?

x

road blocking and temporary flooding due to land excavation during the rainy season?

x

Noise and dust from construction activities? x Due to construction activities. The EMP

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Screening Questions No Yes Remarks

includes measures to mitigate the impacts

Traffic disturbances due to construction material transport and wastes?

x Due to construction activities. The EMP includes measures to mitigate the impacts

Temporary silt runoff due to construction? x

Hazards to public health due to overflow flooding, and groundwater pollution due to failure of sewerage system?

x

Deterioration of water quality due to inadequate sludge disposal or direct discharge of untreated sewage water?

x

Contamination of surface and ground waters due to sludge disposal on land?

x

Health and safety hazards to workers from toxic gases and hazardous materials which maybe contained in sewage flow and exposure to pathogens in sewage and sludge?

x

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APPENDIX 2: NOISE STANDARDS A. Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2002 as amended up to 2010 Rule 3. Ambient air guality standards in respect of noise for different areas/zones

(1) The ambient air quality standards in respect of noise for different areas/zones shall be such as specified below (2) The State Government shall categorize the areas into industrial, commercial, residential or silence areas/zones for the purpose of implementation of noise standards for different areas. (5) An area comprising not less than 100 metres around hospitals, educational institutions and courts may be declared as silence area/zone for the purpose of these rules.

Area Code

Category of Area Limit in dB(A) Leqa

Day Time Night Time

A. Industrial area 75 70

B. Commercial area 65 55

C. Residential area 55 45

D. Silence zone 50 40

Notes: 1. Day time is reckoned in between 6 a.m. and 10 p.m. 2. Night time is reckoned in between 10 PM and 6 AM. 3. Silence zone is an area comprising not less than 100 m around hospitals, educational institutions, courts, religious places or any other area which is declared as such by the competent authority 4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above mentioned categories by the competent authority. * dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A which is relatable to human hearing. A “decibel” is a unit in which noise is measured. “A”, in dB(A) Leq, denotes the frequency weighting in the measurement of noise and corresponds to frequency response characteristics of the human ear. Leq is an energy mean of the noise level over a specified period.

Rule 5. Restrictions on the use of Loud Speakers/Public Address system and sound producing instruments

(2) Any sound producing instrument shall not be used at night time except in closed premises for communication within, like auditoria, conference rooms, community halls, banquet halls or during a public emergency; (4) The noise level at the boundary of the public place, where any noise source is being used shall not exceed 10 dB (A) above the ambient noise standards for the area or 75 dB (A) whichever is lower;

Rule 5A. Restrictions on the use of sound emitting construction equipments.

(3) Sound emitting construction equipments shall not be used or operated during night time in residential areas and silence zones.

B. Noise limit for generator sets run with petrol or kerosene The noise limit for generator sets run with petrol or kerosene notified by Environment (Protection) (Amendment) Rules, 2000, vide G.S.R. 742 (E), dated 25th September, 2000, at serial no. 91, and as amended by Environment (Protection) (Amendment) Rules, 2001, vide G.S.R. 628 (E), dated 30th August, 2001 and Environment (Protection) (Amendment) Rules,

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2011, vide G.S.R. 215 (E), dated 15th March, 2011, under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 is as follows:

Noise Limit from

September 1, 2002 September 1, 2003

Sound Power Level LWA 90 dBA 86 dBA

C. Noise limit for generator sets run with diesel Paragraph 1: Noise limit for Generator Sets run with Diesel notified by Environment (Protection) second Amendment Rules vide GSR 371(E), dated 17th May 2002 at serial no.94 and its amendments vide GSR No 520(E) dated 1st July 2003; GSR 448(E), dated 12th July 2004; GSR 315(E) dated 16th May 2005; GSR 464(E) dated 7th August 2006; GSR 566(E) dated 29th August 2007 and GSR 752(E) dated 24th October 2008; G.S.R. 215 (E), dated 15th March, 2011 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986) is as follows:

Noise limit for diesel generator sets (up to 1000 KVA) manufactured on or after the 1st January, 2005

The maximum permissible sound pressure level for new diesel generator (DG) sets with rated capacity up to 1000 KVA, manufactured on or after the 1st January, 2005 shall be 75 dB(A) at 1 metre from the enclosure surface. The diesel generator sets should be provided with integral acoustic enclosure at the manufacturing stage itself.

The implementation of noise limit for these diesel generator sets shall be regulated as given in paragraph 3 below. 2. Noise limit for DG sets not covered by paragraph 1. Noise limits for diesel generator sets not covered by paragraph 1, shall be as follows:-

2.1 Noise from DG set shall be controlled by providing an acoustic enclosure or by treating the room acoustically, at the users end. 2.2 The acoustic enclosure or acoustic treatment of the room shall be designed for minimum 25 dB (A) insertion loss or for meeting the ambient noise standards, whichever is on the higher side ( if the actual ambient noise is on the higher side, it may not be possible to check the performance of the acoustic enclosure/acoustic treatment. Under such circumstances the performance may be checked for noise reduction up to actual ambient noise level, preferably, in the night time). The measurement for Insertion Loss may be done at different points at 0.5 m from the acoustic enclosure/ room, then averaged. 2.3 The DG set shall be provided with proper exhaust muffler with insertion loss of minimum 25 dB (A). 2.5 Guidelines for the manufacturers/ users of Diesel Generator sets shall be as under:-

01. The manufacturer shall offer to the user a standard acoustic enclosure of 25 dB (A) insertion loss and also a suitable exhaust muffler with insertion loss of 25 dB(A). 02. The user shall make efforts to bring down the noise levels due to the DG set, outside his premises, within the ambient noise requirements by proper citing and control measures. 03. Installation of DG set must be strictly in compliance with the recommendations of the DG set manufacturer.

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04. A proper routine and preventive maintenance procedure for the DG set should be set and followed in consultation with the DG set manufacturer which would help prevent noise levels of the DG set from deteriorating with use.

GSR.7 dated 22 December 1998 amendment to Environment Protection Rules 1986 Standards/guidelines for control of Noise Pollution from Stationary Diesel Generator (DG) Sets. (i) Noise Standards for DG Sets (15-500 KVA) The total sound power level, Lw, of a DG set should be less than, 94+10 log10 (KVA), dB(A), at the manufacturing stage, where, KVA is the nominal power rating of a DG set. This level should fall by 5 dB(A) every five years, till 2007, i.e. in 2002 and then in 2007. (ii) Mandatory acoustic enclosure/acoustic treatment of room for stationary DG sets (5 KVA and above) Noise from the DG set should be controlled by providing an acoustic enclosure or by treating the room acoustically. The acoustic enclosure/acoustic treatment of the room should be designed for minimum 25 dB(A) Insertion Loss or for meeting the ambient noise standards, which ever is on the higher side (if the actual ambient noise is on the higher side, it may not be possible to check the performance of the acoustic enclosure/acoustic treatment. Under such circumstances the performance may be checked for noise reduction up to actual ambient noise level, preferably, in the night time). The measurement for Insertion Loss may be done at different points at 0.5m from the acoustic enclosure/room, and then averaged. The DG set should also be provide with proper exhaust muffler with Insertion Loss of minimum 25 dB(A). (iii) Guidelines for the manufacturers/users of DG sets (5KVA and above) 01 The manufacturer should offer to the user a standard acoustic enclosure of 25 dB(A) insertion Loss and also a suitable exhaust muffler, with insertion loss of 25dB(A). 02. The user should make efforts to bring down the noise levels due to the DG set, outside his premises, within the ambient noise 03 The manufacturer should furnish noise power levels of the unsilenced DG sets as per standards prescribed under (A). 04. The total sound power level of a DG set, at the user’s end, shall be within2 dB(a) of the total sound power level of the DG set, at the manufacturing stage as prescribed under (A). 05. Installation of a DG set must be strictly in compliance with the recommendations of the DG set manufacturer. 06. A proper routine and preventive maintenance procedure for the DG set should be set and followed in consultation with the DG set manufacturer which would help prevent noise levels of the DG set from deteriorating with use. D) GSR 742(E) dated 30.08.1990 amended GSR 422 (E) dated 19 May, 1993 Noise limits for domestic appliances and construction equipments at the manufacturing stage in dB(A)

Window air conditioners of 1 -1.5 tonne 68

Air coolers 60

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Refrigerators 46

Compactors (rollers), front loaders, concentrate mixers, cranes (movable), vibrators and saws

75

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APPENDIX 3: OCCUPATIONAL NOISE EXPOSURE National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Criteria for a recommended standard: occupational noise exposure (NIOSH Publication no. 98-126). Combination of noise exposure levels and duration that no worker exposure shall equal or exceed

Exposure Level (dBA) Duration

Hours Minutes Seconds

80 25 24 -

81 20 10 -

82 16 - -

83 12 42 -

84 10 5 -

85 8 - -

86 6 21

87 5 2 -

88 4 - -

89 3 10 -

90 2 31 -

91 2 - -

92 1 35 -

93 1 16

94 1 - -

95 - 47 37

96 - 37 48

97 - 30 -

98 - 23 49

99 - 18 59

100 - 15 -

103 - 7 30

105 - 4 43

110 - 1 29

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APPENDIX 4: PHOTOS OF PUBLIC CONSULTATION HELD IN JULY 2008 AT THE SURROUNDING AREAS OF LAKKAKERRE LAKE

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APPENDIX 5: SAMPLE GRIEVANCE REGISTRATION FORM

(To be available also in Kannadaand English)

The _____________________________________Project welcomes complaints, suggestions, queries and comments regarding project implementation. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback. Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing *(CONFIDENTIAL)* above your name. Thank you. Date Place of registration

Contact Information/Personal Details

Name

Gender * Male * Female

Age

Home Address

Village / Town

District

Phone no.

E-mail

Complaint/Suggestion/Comment/Question Please provide the details (who, what, where and how) of your grievance below: If included as attachment/note/letter, please tick here:

How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Registered by: (Name of Official registering grievance)

Mode of communication: Note/Letter E-mail Verbal/Telephonic

Reviewed by: (Names/Positions of Official(s) reviewing grievance)

Action Taken:

Whether Action Taken Disclosed:

Yes No

Means of Disclosure:

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APPENDIX 6: SUGGESTED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT FORMAT

1. Introduction The components taken up for Jamkhandi are as follows.

Package Sub Project Physical Completion (%) Date of Award Date of Completion

2. Status of Permissions/Consents/Clearances/Approvals

Particulars

Sub Project

KSPCB

Railways

NH PWD

KPTCL / HESCOM

Forest Minor Irrigation

Irrigation

3. Field Visits & Training conducted

Field Visit Date Site Visited Persons Met Remarks

Training Date Location Nature of Training Participants

4. Compliance to EMP

Particulars Subprojects Compliance Compliance to EMP

Design/Location. Preconstruction stage Monitoring.

Construction stage monitoring

Occupational health risks & Safety plan for workers

5. Redress of Grievance

Sub projects Registers Maintained No of grievances received

Action taken

6. Summary & Conclusions

EMP monitoring has done daily (See annexure I) on critical issues.

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Sl No: Issues/Deviations Corrective Action to be taken

City: Date

Package Number:

Name of Work:

Date of Commencement & Completion:

Description of work ongoing:

Location of work ongoing:

Sl No

Parameters Compliance Status on Date

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Signature of Program Consultant-CSS:

Signature of Contractor:

Signature of NKUSIP Cell –AEE:

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FIGURE 1: EXISTING LAKE AND PROPOSED DEVELOPMENTS