, &

ASHRAE , 09 2012

12845

. ..moisidis@hol.gr

21.

vs

, , .

1872 .

, (NFPA, FM) (International) , , .

Sprinkler 1806.

200 , , 12845 , BS5306-part2 (Code of practice for fire extinguishing installations and equipment in premises)

..

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3

2

1806. John Carey .

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2. .

41812. Royal Theatre , Drury Lane, London. H . .

1864. Stewart Harrison 1 sprinkler. .

1872. Phillip W. Prat Harrison .

1874. Henry S. Parmalaee Prat sprinklers.

1835. Factory Mutual (FM)

1881. Parmalaee .. .

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51885. John Wormald 1 & sprinklers Mutual Fire Insurance Corporation of Manchester.

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61895. National Fire Protection Association(N.F.P.A)

1890. Frederick Grinnell & sprinkler , .

1940. NFPA13 . : (LH,OH,EH)

1896. 1 NFPA13

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71953. CEA(Comit Europen de Assurances)

1979. BS5306-part2 Code of practice for fire extinguishinginstallations and equipment in premises)

1981. (.) . 7 NFPA13 & NFPA 14 1972.

1986. .. .... 2451/86 . BS5603 CEA .

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82009. CEA CEA 4001 (Sprinkler Systems-Planning & Installations)

2004. 12845( , & ).

1990. CEN (Comit Europen de Normalisation) - sprinklers

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1980-1990 & (APSAD-, LPC-, VdS-), 1980 .

2009. 1 &2 12845 + 2

93.

3/81 (.) & (sprinklers)

2451/86 :

12259 .

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All components shall beApproved & CE marked

10

NFPA 13 standard for the installation of AS NFPA 13R installation of AS in residential occupancies NFPA 14 standpipes & hose systems NFPA 20 fire pumps NFPA 22 water tanks NFPA 24 private fire service mains

FM DS2-0 installation guidelines for AS FM DS8-1 commodity classification FM DS8-9 storage of class 1,2,3,4&plastic

12845 AS-, & 671 . 12259 E S 2451/86

CEA 4001 AS planning & installation

4. &

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11

5. 12845 -

&

(water spray) (deluge)

sprinklers 12259-1

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d 3/8 1/2 3/4K 57 80 115

( ) (ESFR, Large drop, Extended coverage )

12

6. 12845 &

&

&

Sprinkler

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13

7. (Hazard Classification of Occupancies)

(LH)

(H)

1,2,3,4

(HHP) 1,2,3,4

(HHS) I,II,III,IV

Annex A Annex A Annex AAnnex C

Annex

Annex G (Aerosols - -

.) 12845 - .

14

Annex A (LH,OH,HHP)

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15

Annex B,C,G ( HHS)

Annex B

(%)

&

Annex C

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16

8.

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- Wet pipe systems

Dry pipe systems

& Alternate systems

Pre-action systems

> 70 C

(loop) (grid)

17 12845 - .

&

10.000 m2 (LH) 12000 m2 (OH) 9000 m2 (HH) ,

, ( ) < 60 sec

, = 45 m

45m

45m

18

(lpm/m2)

WET- (m2)

DRY- (m2)

(m2)

LH 2.25 84 OH1 21

OH-1

5.0

72 90

12OH-2 144 180

OH-3 216 270

OH-4 360 HHP-1

HHP-1 7.5 260 325

9HHP-2 10.0 260 325

HHP-3 12.5 260 325

HHP-4 (deluge) -

, : 3 50m2

2,4m 4 HHS

3

ST1 ST2, 3, 4, 5 & 6

4,0 m 3,5 m

3,0m 2,6m

II 2,1m 1,7m

V 1,2m 1,2m

S in-rack sprinklers

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: DENSITY OVER DEMAND AREA

19

& ( )

(m2)ST1 ST2 & ST4ST3, ST5 &

ST6

7,6m 6,8m 5,7m

260 m2 12,5 Lpm/m2 12,5 Lpm/m2 10 Lpm/m2

7,5m 6,0m 5,0m

260 m2 17,5 Lpm/m2 17,5 Lpm/m2 12,5 Lpm/m2

II7,2m 6,0m 3,2m

260 - 300 m2 27,5 Lpm/m2 30 Lpm/m2 12,5 Lpm/m2

V4,4m 4,4m 3,0m

260 - 300 m2 30 Lpm/m2 30 Lpm/m2 17,5 Lpm/m2

ST1 ST4

ST2 ST3 ST5 & ST6

(Aisle)

2-

= f( & ) = 260 300 m2 ( & )

q = 7.5 30 lpm/m2 ( & )

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(. ESFR) in-rack sprinklers

20

w : (Aisle width)

in-rack sprinklers = f( & ) , min.DN100 > 50

p=2,0 bar

q=113.2 lpm ( 1/2)

: 3, w 2.4 m6, 2.4< w 1.2 m9, w < 1.2 m

w

in-rack sprinklers , :

Smax2,8m

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21

CEA 4001

sprinklers 12259-1

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(Lpm / bar 0.5)

2 , (S) 13,5 m , in-rack sprinklers, CMSA (Control Mode Specific Application) , :

3/4 ESFR , 200 & 240 375 460 Lpm

1 ESFR , 320 & 360 430 600 Lpm

Q = KP

1 FM DS8-9 sprinkler 160

NFPA13 q > 13.9 lpm/m2

CEA 4001

22

Required Delivery Density

Actual Delivery Density

, t(0), ,

0 Lim

CMSA (Control Mode Specific Application) - NFPA 13 & FM DS 8-9

RTI

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Response Time Index RTI 50 (Fast) - RTI 80 (standard)

23

FM

45 ft 13.5 mSprinklers ESFR 25, K=360 @ 3.5bar, = 675 Lpm , , ( )

2 2 min.

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24

- (Pre-calculated systems)

2

1

3Design point

S Sprinkler

4Most unfavorable Design area

(Fully calculated systems)

1-4 (unfavorable design area) 1-5 (favorable design area)

5Most favorable Design area

6Design point

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1-2 2-3

pmax.3-4 (design area)

25

1 Qmax Qnom. (Most unfavorable area). H Qmax (Most favorable area).

3 Qnom

6 Qmax

UnfavourableArea

favourableArea

Vmin = Qmax * T

T = 30min. LH 60min. OH90min. HH

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2 Sprinkler. NFPA13, (.-hoses, -hydrants). , , sprinklers.

26

, (, ) ( LH & OH1)

booster

& ( 1)

& ( 1)

( LH&OH1)

2-

& ( 2)

& ( 2)

2

1 & 1

1

&

(Sprinklers & ., )

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27

60 min. sprinklers 4 C

&

O

2 : 1 & 1 Qp = 100% Qr

3 : 1 & 2 Qp 50% Qr

Jockey : Qp < 1 sprinkler

O

+1 , 1

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28

60min

-

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29 12845 - .

2451 & 12845

pipe schedule

NFPA 13

BEST SELLER

30

Density Over Demand Area

Q = KP P = (Q/K)2

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31

1. (m2)

4. sprinklers N (.)

3. Q=A*d (Lpm)

6. 4 (4s) (m2)

7. dm d(4s)=Q(4s) / (4s) d (Lpm/m2)

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Pmin , sprinkler

p min bar

K q min lpm

LH 0,70 57 48,0

OH 0,35 80 48,0

HH 0,5080 57,0

115 82,0

2. d (Lpm/m2)

5. sprinklers=Q / N (m2)

8. sprinklerqs=As * dm q min (lpm)

qs=KPmin

S1

S2

K=80

qs1=12m2**5Lpm/m2=60 lpm

Ps1 = (Qs/K)2 = 0.57 bar

DN 25, C=120

L=3m , 1 90o, 1

Leq=5.27m

P1-2 = 0.09 bar

Ps2=Ps1+P1-2

=0.57+0.11=0.66 bar

qs2=KP2 = 65 lpm

Q=60+65=125 Lpm

32

A

3340 lpm

2320 lpmB

QA=288 LpmPA=1.3 bar

b=QA/PA = 253

PB=PA+PA-B = 1.6 bar QB=KbPB=2531.6=320 lpm

P=P+P- = 1.8 bar Q=KbP=2531.8=340 lpm

Qt=288+320+340=948 lpm

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60 Lpm65 Lpm78 Lpm85 Lpm

QB=320 Lpm

Q=340 Lpm

33 12845 - .

- LH, OH

- 140% 70%

Qnom / Pmax & Qmax / Pmin . 0,5 bar

, 2 :Qnom PnomQmax Pmin

Figure 7

Table 16

34

EPANET 2.0

public domain software that may be freely copied and distributed.

www.epa.gov

Software That Models the Hydraulic and Water Quality Behavior of Water Distribution Piping Systems

9. &

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35

Q6910

=80

105,3mmC=120

L=6m

h=10m

16

sp3

P

cv

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sprinkler

36

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37

. .. moisidis@hol.gr

26 2451/86 , .

12845 , .