Email your questions to: [email protected] -´’-üμ¿u ... · - Malan Shereen Imran,...

Q: Sir, please explain the below Phrases in Telugu withexamples.1) Spark off 2) At sixes and sevens3) Sort out 4) Bat out of

A: 1) Spark off = Cause. (é¬®Ωùç)

Eg: His careless words sparked off a big fight. (Åûª†’Åñ«-ví∫-ûªhí¬ Å†o ´÷ô©’ Â°ü¿l ûªí¬üΔèπ◊ é¬®Ω-ù-´’-ßª÷u®·.)

2) At sixes and sevens = A confused, badly organizedsituation (í∫çü¿-®Ω-íÓ∞¡çí¬ E®Ωy-£œ«ç-îªúøç.)

Eg: We have been at sixes and sevens in conductingthe function. (Ç ¢Ëúø’éπ-†’ --E®Ωy£œ«ç-îª-úøç-™ ¢Ë’´· î√™«í∫çü¿-®ΩíÓ∞«EéÀ í∫’®Ωßª÷uç.)

3) Sort out = a) Divide a number of things according totheir sizes and shapes. (®Ωéπ®Ω-é¬-©’í¬ N¶μº->ç-îªúøç.)

Eg: He sorted out the books according to their subjects.(Ææ¶„b-èπ◊d© ¢√Kí¬ Ç °æ¤Ææh-é¬-©†’ Åûª†’ N¶μº->ç-î√úø’.)

b) To handle a problem successfully (à Ææ´’-Ææu-ØÁjØ√ Nï-ßª’-´ç-ûªçí¬ °æJ-≠æ \-Jç-îªúøç).

Eg: He sorted out the problem of my computer. (Ø√éπç°æ‹u-ô®˝ Ææ ’-Ææu†’ Åûª†’ Nï-ßª’- ç-ûªçí¬ °æJ-≠æ \-Jç-î√úø’.)

4) Bat out of- No such expression in English.

- M. Kamesh & B. Raja

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 6 -†-´ç-•®Ω’ 2016 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ Â£j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 4

Email your questions to: [email protected]

O’ -v°æ--¨¡o-©’ °æç-§ƒ-Lq-† -*®Ω’-Ø√-´÷...-≤ÚpÈé-Ø˛ -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ, -v°æ-A-¶μº -N-¶μ«í∫ç,

Ñ-Ø√--úø’ é¬®√u-©-ßª’ç, - ®√-¢Á÷-@ °∂œ-™¸t Æœ-öÃ, -Å-Ø√-ñ¸°æ‹®˝, ®Ωçí¬È®-úÕf ->-™«x.

914

1) Diet = The food and drink that a person ora group of persons takes (Ç£æ…®Ωç.)

Eg: a) Diet varies from state to state andfrom one region to another in a state(v°æï©’ BÆæ’-èπ◊ØË Ç£æ…®Ωç äéπ ®√≠æZç †’ç*´’®Ó ®√≥ƒZEéÀ, ®√≠æZç-™E äéπ v§ƒçûªç †’ç*ÉçéÓ v§ƒçû√-EéÀ ´÷®Ω’ûª÷ Öçô’çC.)

b) Rice is the staple diet (´·êu Ç£æ…®Ωç)of South Indians.

c) Usually patients are on a restricted diet(°æJ-N’ûª Ç£æ…®Ωç).

★ To diet = Limit the food and drink thatsomebody usually takes while ill or to loseweight. (•®Ω’´¤, Ü•-é¬ßª’ç ûªÍí_ç-ü¿’èπ◊Ç£æ…®√-Eo -ûª-T_ç-* BÆæ’-éÓ-´úøç.)

2) Fictitious = (comes from the word 'fiction')Imaginary (Ü£œ«ç-îª’-èπ◊-ØËC) (False / fake).

Eg: The reports that he had achieved greatthings are all fictitious. (Åûª-ØËüÓ íÌ°æp íÌ°æpN≠æ-ßª÷©’ ≤ƒCμç-î√-úø-ØËC Ü£œ«ç-îª’-èπ◊-ØËüË é¬F,Eïç é¬ü¿’.) Fictitious × Real / actual

3) Frugal = Economical (§Òü¿’-Â°j†)Eg: Because his income is low he is frugal.

(ÅûªE ÇüΔßª’ç ûªèπ◊\´ é¬´úøç ´©x Åûª†’î√™« §Òü¿’-°æ¤í¬ Öçö«úø’.)

Frugal × Generous (üΔ†-í∫’ùç Ö†o)/extravagant / spend-thrifty (ü¿’¶«®√)

4) Nurture = To nourish (Â°ç*-§Ú-≠œç-îª-úøç)Eg: Mothers find a lot of pleasure in nurturing

their young. (ûª ’ *Ø√o-®Ω’-©†’ Â°ç* §Ú≠œç-îª-úøç™ ûª©’x©’ î√™« Ç†çüΔEo §Òçü¿’-û√®Ω’.)

Nurture × Neglect (ÖÊ°-éÀ~ç-îªúøç/ °æöÀdç-îª’-éÓ-éπ-§Ú-´úøç).

5) Sheer = a) Complete (°æ‹Jhí¬)Eg: The news filled everyone there with

sheer joy (Ç ¢√®Ωh Åçü¿-JF °æ‹Jh ÆæçûÓ-≠æçûÓEçÊ°-ÆœçC.)/ what he says is a sheer lie(Åûªúø’ îÁÊ°pC °æ‹Jh Å•ü¿l¥ç)

Sheer × Incompleteb) Steep (Eö«-®Ω’í¬ Ö†o)Eg: The sheer height of the mountain made

us doubt if we could climb it. (Eö«-®Ω’í¬Ö†o Ç °æ®Ωyûªç áûª’h ¢Ë’´· üΔEo áéπ\-í∫-©´÷? ™‰üΔ? ÅØË ÆæçüË£æ…Eo éπL-Tç-*çC.)Sheer × Gradual (véπ´’ véπ´’çí¬)

A: 1) No connection between the two. Toast = a) Bread turned brown by being heated.

b) Drinking wine and other such drinksexpressing good wishes to someone.

★ Scorch = Burn anything. Eg: The sun is scorch-ing = The sun is causing a lot of heat.

2) Scar = A mark made on the body by a severeinjury. Perhaps you meant, 'scare' which meansgreat fear. Eg: The tiger scared me.

★ Fear = Making somebody afraid. Eg: I fear mygrandfather / I have a fear of dogs.

★ Frighten = Make somebody afraid / cause fear. Eg:Wild animals like the lion and the tiger frighten us.

- A. AbhinavQ: Sir, please tell me the differ-

ence among the below givenwords with examples.

1) Toast , scorch2) Scar, Fear, Frighten

Vocabulary- Malan Shereen Imran, Kothagudem.

Q: 1) The teacher have the children write thealphabet.

2) Ramu has Raju to write the notes for him.Here my doubt is in the first sentence theunderlined word (have) isn't followed byto. Whereas in the second sentence (Rajuhas...) the underlined word is followed byto - Please clarify.

A: The teacher has (not 'have') the childrenwrite the alphabet. This means that theteacher makes the children write the alpha-bet.

★ The sentence, 'Ramu has Raju to write thenotes for him' has a different meaning. Itmeans 'Raju is there to write the notes forhim'. (®√´· ÖØ√oúø’ ®√Vèπ◊ ØÓö¸q ®√ÊÆç-ü¿’èπ◊.)Because the meanings are different, in thefirst sentence 'has' is not followed by to, andin the second, 'has' is followed by 'to'.

Q: Preaching to others is easy but translating itinto action / but bringing it into action isdifficult - Please say the above is right orwrong.

A: '..... but bringing it into action is difficult' -Wrong. You can say, 'but practising it is dif-ficult'.

Q: They will resort to corruption to be offeredto God/ to be offering to God - Which oneis correct?

A: Neither of the sentences is correct. The cor-rect form is: They will resort to bribing God/ offering bribe to God. Understand the dif-ference in meaning between 'corruption'and 'bribe'. Corruption = Illegal /dishonestbehaviour. Bribe = Giving money or gifts tomake somebody do something for you.

Q: Let it be going on - Can we use Let + pro-noun + be + present participle?

A: Let it be going on - This can be used, butthe better and more common way of sayingit is, 'Let it go on'. Usually 'Let' is followedby the plain infinitive, that is, infinitive(Infinitive examples: to go, to do, to sing,etc. - To before a verb form) without 'to'before it. (verb ´·çü¿’ to ™‰éπ-§ÚûË ÅC plaininfinitive Å´¤-ûª’çC.)

Q: Shall I go now? - Is this imperative sen-tence or interrogative sentence?

A: Shall I go now? - can be either interroga-tive, if it is a question, or imperative if it isa request for permission - depends on thecontext.

www.eenadupratibha.net'-≤ÚpÈé-Ø˛ -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ— §ƒ-ûª Ææç-*éπ-© éÓÆæç -îª÷-úøç-úÕ..

- M. Suresan

Writer

- Saikiran Sutari

Q: Sir, please explain the following in Telugu.1) On the go 2) Throwback thursday3) Calculated risk 4) Hard at work

A: 1) On the go = Very busy. Eg: I have beenon the go since the morning.

2) Throwback thursday = Being similar to anearlier type.

Eg: This machine is a throwback to those usedin the 1980s. (ÉC 1980 © é¬™«-EéÀ Ææç•ç-Cμç*† ßª’çvûªç.) Throwback Thursday - nospecial meaning. Perhaps it refers tosomething that happened on a Thursdaylong ago.

3) Calculated risk = Taking risk carefully.(î√™« ñ«ví∫-ûªhí¬ Ç™-*ç* v°æ´÷-ü¿-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i† °æEEîË°æôdúøç.)

4) Hard at work = To be working hard. (éπ≠æd-°æúÕ°æE-îË-Ææ’hç-úøôç.) Eg: My mother is hard atwork cooking food for the guests.

- Hari Madhav

Q: I wish to speak good English. Guide meregarding how to enhance speaking skills.And how to enhance daily usable vocabu-lary. Please suggest me good books in thisregard.

A: The best way to learn any language is tospeak the language.

★ Whenever you get an opportunity, speakEnglish. Don't worry whether you arewrong or right. Just speak on.

★ Read as many story books as you can andthe newspaper (English) too. Just keepreading even if you don't understand.

★ Watch English news telecasts and Englishmovies on the TV.

★ When you do all this, your vocabularyincreases automatically.

- Saini Narasimha

Q: Sir, please explain following idioms. 1) Get one's own way 2) Get rid of3) Give way 4) Drive a hard bargain5) Took by surprise

A: 1) Get one's own way = Get / have one'sown way = make others agree to do whatyou like to do.

Eg: Finally he had his own way in the divi-sion of the property.

2) Get rid of = To be free from something /remove or throw away something. Eg: I got rid of my fever by taking the

tablets. 3) Give way = a) Collapse

Eg: Because of the heavy rain, the roofgave way.

b) Agree to something. Eg: Though his father did not agree to the

marriage in the beginning, he finallygave way.

4) Drive a hard bargain = Not to yield / makesomeone agree to your point. Eg: He drove a hard bargain and got a

major share in the property. 5) Took by surprise = Cause surprise.

Eg: He took me by surprise by comingthere suddenly.

- Pople Pandari

Q: Sir, can you explain the difference betweenthe following sentences1) She found her bag and money too.2) She found her bag and money as well.3) She found her bag and money also.

A: All the three have the same meaning.However, 'She found her bag and moneyalso' is rather formal and not generally usedin daily conversation.

Corruption,Bribe -´’-üμ¿u -ûË-ú≈..?

Q: Sir, please explain the following in Telugu and differ-ence between them.1) Being in future 2) It should be hanged & you should hang

A: 1) Being in future (¶μºN-≠æu-ûª’h™ Öçúø-ôç).Eg: i) I will be there tomorrow. (ØË†’ Í®°æ-éπ\úø Öçö«†’). ii) Those things will be at your door tomorrow (ÅN F

¢√éÀöÀ ´·çTô Öçö«®· Í®°æ¤). ★ Will be & Will be + V3. Eg: i) Will be done. This is the passive voice describ-

ing a future action. (¶μºN-≠æu-ûª’h™ ï®Ω-í∫-¶ßË’ °æE -Passive voice).

ii) The book will be sent tomorrow. (Í®°æ¤ Ç °æ¤ÆæhéπçFèπ◊ °æç°æ¤û√ç).

2) It should be hanged & You should hang - Hang has

two meanings: a) Suspend something from something(¢Ë™«-úø-D-ßª’úøç). b) Put a person to death by tighteningrope around their neck. (ÖJ Bßª’úøç).

★ 'It should be hanged' has no meaning, because, we don'tkill something by hanging it. (´Ææ’h-´¤†’ ÖJBßª’ç éπüΔ!).The correct form of it is 'it should be hung'. (üΔEo ¢Ë™«-úø-D-ßª÷L).

★ You should hang - Correct. It means that somebodyshould be put to death by hanging. (á´-J-ØÁjØ√ ÖJBßª÷LÅE Å†úøç).

- Madhavi Abburi

Q: Sir, please verify whether the following sentence iscorrect."My job is to say prayers and receive the chief guestson the day of the event"

A: Correct.

- Venkata Narayana

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 13 -†-´ç-•®Ω’ 2016 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ Â£j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2




915

- Sai Kiran Sutari

Q: Sir, what is the meaning of the followingwords? Please explain in Telugu.1) Real time 2) Virtual 3) Virtual reality

A: 1) Real time = A computer immediatelydealing with and using new informationfed into it and direct the actions of theobject by providing that information.(´’†ç Ææ´÷-î√®Ωç éÓÆæç éπç°æ‹u-ô-®˝-™éÀ °æçÊ°N´-®√© Ææ´÷-î√®√-Eo ´’†èπ◊ ûÁL-ßª’-ñ‰-ßª’úøç).

2) Virtual = i) Almost something (üΔüΔ°æ¤¢√Ææh-´çí¬ Ö†o). ii) Something that we cando or see immediately on the computer,without our going anywhere. (´’†èπ◊ àÆæ´÷-î√®Ωç é¬¢√-©Ø√o áéπ\-úÕéÃ ¢Á∞¡x-†-´-Ææ®Ωç™‰èπ◊çú≈ éπç°æ‹u-ô®˝ ûÁL-ßª’-ñ‰ÊÆ N´-®√©’).

3) Virtual reality = Pictures of a place orsounds a computer produces without ourgoing to the places or really hear thosesounds. (äéπ-îÓö -ï-JÍí ü¿%¨»u©’, ¨¡¶«l-©’ ´’†çÅéπ\-úÕéÀ ¢Á∞¡x-èπ◊ç-ú≈ØË îª÷úø-í∫-©-í∫úøç, N†-í∫-©-í∫úøç).

- P. Sai Satish, Nellore.

Q: Sir, please explain the following sentencesare correct or not.1) He is a close relative of Hemalatha.2) He is a neighbour of Latha. 3) He is eyewitness of the occurrence. 4) Summons is to be served to Gopal. 5) He is working as constable in Nellore

2 Town P.S. 6) He was addicted to alcohol.

A: 1) He is a close relative of Hemalatha -Correct.

2) He is a neighbour of Latha - Correct 3) He is eyewitness of the occurrence - He

is an eyewitness of the occurrence. 4) Summons is to be served to Gopal -

Summons is to be served on Gopal, notsummons is served to.

5) He is working as constable in Nellore 2Town P.S. - Correct

6) He was addicted to alcohol - Correct.

- Nomula Ambika

Q: Sir please explain me these idioms inTelugu.1. A skeleton in the cupboard 2. At sixes and sevens 3. The pot calling the kettle black

A: 1) A skeleton in the cupboard = •ßª’-ô-°æ-úÕûË´’†èπ◊ É•sçC éπL-TçîË ´’† ®Ω£æ«Ææuç.

2) At sixes and sevens = ´Ææ’h-´¤©’ í∫>-G->í¬,í∫çü¿-®Ω-íÓ-∞¡çí¬ °æúÕ Öçúø-ôç-.

3) The pot calling the kettle black = ûª°æ¤p-™„†’o ¢√®Ω’ ûª´’ ûª°æ¤p-™„-®Ω’-í∫®Ω’. †©xöÀ èπ◊çúø,´’Æœí¬ Ö†o ÈéöÀ-™¸†’ †©’-°æ-†oô’d.

- Venkat Chitte

Q: Sir, I request to explain the differencebetween the following words and alsoexplain its usage. 1) Far and Distance 2) Destroy, demolish 3) Even though and although

A: Far = Distant. There is very little differencebetween the two. Far, of course has someother meanings too.

Eg: The school is distant from here = Theschool is far from here.

2) Destroy = Damage something completely /ruin / defeat (Ø√¨¡†ç îËßª’úøç).

★ Demolish = Knock down / destroy a build-ing (èπÿ©-íÌ-ôdúøç), prove someone's argumentwrong (äéπJ ¢√üΔEo °æ‹Jhí¬ ãúÕç-îªúøç), defeat(véÃúø™x ãúÕç-îªúøç).

3) Even though = Although = Though.

- M. Kalyana Sundaram

Q: Sir, what is the meaning of LITTERA-TEUR and how to pronounce it?

A: Litterateur is a person who is deeply inter-ested in and has a good knowledge of liter-ature. (≤ƒ£œ«ûªu éÓN-ü¿’úø’)Pronunciation: Lô-®Ω-ö«®˝/ Lû√-®Ω-ô®˝


- M. Suresan

Writer

1. Intention = Having a strong idea of doingsomething / purpose. Eg: My intention is to buy a car as soon as

possible. Intention × Disinclination

2. Indifferent = Uninterested. Eg: Some doctors in government hospi-

tals are indifferent to their patients.Indifferent × Interested / concerned

3. Evolve = Develop gradually / Change assomething grows / develops.Eg: Humans evolved from apes. Evolve × Not grow

4. Evident = Clear / Obvious.Eg: From his words it is evident that he

does not want to buy the house.Evident × Obscure

5. Mutual = Reciprocal.Eg: The people in the group have mutual

understanding.Mutual × Separate / Individual.

Vocabulary

- Satya RVV, Rajamahendravaram.

Q: Sir, please explain the following words inTelugu.1) Honourary - honourable; Can we say

honourary CM?2) Graceful - gracious and tell me meaning

of gait was graceful. 3) Foul 4) Exceptional - exceptionable 5) Forego and forgo

A: 1) Honourary: a) A degree given to some-body just as an honour or recognition oftheir greatness but without doing a courseof study (íı®Ω Ææ÷îª-éπçí¬ äéπ-JéÀ ßª‚E- -Jq-öÃ©’ v°æüΔ†ç îËÊÆ °æö«d, ¢√∞¡Ÿx îªü¿- -èπ◊çú≈).

b) A position (job) in some organization forwhich no salary is paid (íı®Ω´ £æ«ÙüΔ –DEéÀ @ûª-¶μº-û√u©’ à-O’ Öçúø ¤).

★ Honourary CM? - íı®Ω´ ´·êu-´’ç-vûª’©’ Öçúø®Ω’éπüΔ? ´·êu- ’ç-vûª’-©†’ ´’†ç á†’o-èπ◊çö«ç – ¢√∞¡Ÿx@ûªç BÆæ’-èπ◊Ø√o BÆæ’-éÓ-éπ-§Ú-®·Ø√ HonourableCM (íı®Ω-´-F-ßª·-™„j† Æ‘áç) --Åçö«®Ω’. é¬FHonourary CM (íı®Ω´ ´·êu-´’çvA – ¢Ëûª†ç™‰èπ◊çú≈ °æü¿-N™ ÖçúË ´·êu-´’çvA) Öçúø®Ω’ éπüΔ?

2) Graceful = Stylish, elegant and dignified(Ø√W-èπ◊í¬, £æ›çüΔí¬ ÖçúË)

★ Gracious = Kind and pleasant. (ü¿ßª’ûÓ Ç£æ…x-ü¿-éπ-®Ωçí¬ ÖçúË.)

★ Gait was graceful = A person's way ofwalking was stylish and dignified. (ÅûªE†úøé¬ / †úÕîË B®Ω’ î√™« £æ›çüΔí¬, Çéπ-®Ω{-ùÃ-ßª’çí¬Öçô’çC.)

3) Foul = unfair, dirty.

Eg: He adopted foul means to become an MP= He used wrong methods to become anMP. (Åvéπ´’ °æü¿l¥-ûª’™x Åûª†’ áç°‘ Åßª÷uúø’.)

4) Exceptional - Very rare (î√™« Å®Ω’ü¿’)

Eg: His sacrifice was exceptional (ÅûªE û√uí∫çî√™« Å®Ω’-üÁjçC.)

★ Exceptionable = Something that can beobjected to (ÇÍé~-°œç-îª-ü¿-T†). Usually the wordused is, 'inexceptionable' which meanssomething that cannot be objected to.

Eg: Sri Rama's character was inexceptionable.(X®√- ·úÕ Q©ç, †úø- úÕ E®Ω-¶μºuç-ûª-®Ω-éπ-®Ω-¢Á’i--†-N).

5) Forego and forgo - both mean the samething = to give up / lose something (´ü¿’-©’-éÓ-´úøç).

Eg: He has foregone / forgone the chance ofgetting a lot of money (î√™« úø•’s ´îËa Å´-é¬-¨»Eo ñ«®Ω-N-úø’-îª’-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.) However, 'fore-gone' has the additional meaning of 'gobefore'. (´·ç-ü¿’ ¢Á∞¡xúøç)

- Hari Krishna Talari

Q: Sir, Bestowed °æ-üΔ-EéÀ -ûÁ-©’í∫’ -Å®√n-©’, -Ñ °æ-üΔ-Eo -Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-Tç-* -¢√é¬u-©’ -á-™« -®√-ßª÷-™ --ûÁ-©’°æí∫-©®Ω’.

A: Bestow = Confer (grant) an honour, gift orpresent. (G®Ω’-ü¿’--©’, é¬†’-éπ--©’ ™«ç-öÀ -¢√-öÀ-ûÓÆæûª\-Jç-îªúøç).Examples:a) The Government confers the honour of

Padmasri, Padmabhushan, etc. on greatpersons for their great services.(v°æ¶μº’ûªyç íÌ°æp-¢√-∞¡x†’ °æü¿tX ™«çöÀ

G®Ω’-ü¿’-©ûÓ Ææûª\-J-Ææ’hçC.)b) God has bestowed on him a lot of intelli-

gence. (üË´¤úø’ Åûª-EéÀ ´’ç* ¢Ë’üμ¿-Ææ’q--†’-É-î√aúø’.)

God has bestowed on

him a lot of intelligence.

í∫>-G->í¬.. sixes and sevens

Honourary, honourable - -ûË--ú≈..?




916


- M. Suresan

Writer

1. Resolve = i) Decide (E®Ωg-®·ç-îª’-éÓ-´úøç). Eg: He resolved to buy a house with the money he

received from his father.★ Resolve × Waver = To be undecided (ÜT-Ææ-™«--úø-ôç/

E®Ωg-®·ç-îª’-éÓ-™‰-éπ-§Ú-´úøç). ii) To separate or cause to separate something into its var-

ious parts. (äéπ ´Ææ’h- ¤†’ üΔE-èπ◊†o ¶μ«í¬-©’í¬ Núø-íÌ-ôdúøç.)Eg: The scientist resolved the substance and located

the part that causes diseases. ★ Resolve × Assemble (NúÕ-¶μ«-í¬-©-Eoç-öÀF ´Ææ’h-´¤í¬

ûªßª÷®Ω’-îË-ßª’úøç)iii) Solve a problem / quarrel (Ææ´’-Ææu/ íÌ-úø-´èπ◊ °æJ-≥ƒ\®Ωç

îª÷°æúøç).

Eg: The elders of the village resolved the quarrelbetween the two farmers. ★ Resolve × Unite

2. Concur = i) Agree (ä°æ¤p-éÓ- úøç/ àéÃ-¶μº-Nç-îªúøç). Eg: I concur with my father's opinion that there is a lot

of corruption in our country. ★ Concur × Disagree / differ (ä°æ¤p-éÓ-éπ-§Ú-´úøç). ii) Coincide (äéπõ‰ Å´úøç). Eg: The laws of one country do not always concur with

those of another country. ★ Concur × Differ 3. Banal = Boring / ordinary (not original) (†´uûª àO’

™‰èπ◊çú≈ NÆæ’í∫’ éπL-TçîË).Eg: He makes banal jokes. ★ Banal × Fresh

4. Stringent = Severe (Bv´-¢Á’i†/ Eéπ\*aí¬ Ö†o.)Eg: The Government has failed to take stringent steps

(îª®Ωu©’) against corruption in India. ★ Stringent × Lax

Vocabulary-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 20 -†-´ç-•®Ω’ 2016 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ Â£j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

- M. Kamesh, A. Mahesh

Q: Sir, éÀçC idioms éÀ ûÁ©’-í∫’™ -Å®√n-Eo N -Jç-îªçúÕ.

1) Worst comes to the worst

2) Too hot to hoot

3) Of one's own accord

4) Put someone in (his) place

5) Get hold of oneself

6) Take the bull by the horns

7) Hit the bull's eye 8) Nurse an ambition

9) Nurse a dream 10) Make no bones

A: 1) £‘«†-°æ-éπ~ç™, Åçûªí¬ Å®·ûË.

2) No such expression in English.

3) äéπJ É≥ƒd-†’-≤ƒ-®Ω¢Ë’.

4) äéπJ ≤ƒn®· áçûÓ ¢√JéÀ ûÁL-ßª’-ñ„-°æpôç/ í∫®Ωy-°æ-úÌü¿’l ÅE ûÁ©-°æúøç.

5) ûª´’ Åü¿’-°æ¤™ û√´· Öçúø-ôç.

6) Ææ´’-Ææu†’ üμÁj®Ωuçí¬ áü¿’-®Ó\-´úøç.

7) ©é~¬uEo ≤ƒCμç-îªúøç.

8), 9) = ´’† éÓJ-éπ-©†’ ØÁ®Ω-¢Ë-®Ω’a-éÓ-¢√-©ØË éÓJéπÖçúøôç.

10) Ö†oC Ö†oô’d îÁ°æpúøç, ´·êuçí¬ üËE í∫’Jç-îÁjØ√ ´’† ÅGμ-v§ƒßª’ç.

- K. Suresh, K. Himesh

Q: Sir, what is the difference between idiomand phrasal verbs? - Please explain.

A: A phrasal verb is a group of words with averb in it.

Eg: Put out = Switch off a light / extinguish afire. (Verb -ûÓ éπ-LÆœ-† éÌ-Eo - ÷-ô-© Ææ- ·-üΔ-ßª’ç).

★ An idiom, on the other hand, is a group ofwords, with / without a verb.

Eg: a) Round the clock = The whole day(-Ééπ\-úø verb -™‰-ü¿’).

b) Spill the beans (-Ééπ\-úø spill verb). È®ç-úÕç-öÀéÃ≤ƒ®Ω÷°æuç - The meaning of a phrasal verb /an idiom is different from the meaning ofthe words in the phrasal verb / idiom.

Q: Sir, please explain the meanings of follow-ing words in Telugu.1) Chief coordinator 2) Illustrators3) Unifoliate 4) Philately

A: 1) Chief coordinator = ´·êu- Ææ-´’-†yßª’éπ®Ωh2) Illustrators = ¶Ô´’t©’ ¢ËÊÆ-¢√∞¡Ÿx3) Unifoliate = äÍé Çèπ◊ Ö†o4) Philately = §ÚÆæd™¸ ≤ƒdç°æ¤©’ ÊÆéπ-JçîË ¢√u°æéπç

- P. Swathi

Q: Sir, please explain the differencebetween Main clause and sentence withexamples.

A: A main clause is a group of words,including a verb and with completemeaning. It is usually a part of a sen-tence, whereas a sentence is a group ofwords with complete meaning. A sen-tence sometimes may have just one mainclause.

Eg: He knows very well that they are hisrelatives.

Here there are two clauses:

He knows = (-Å-ûª-EéÀ -ûÁ-©’Ææ’).

That they are relatives = (-¢√-∞¡Ÿx -îª’-ö«d-©-E).

★ He knows is a main clause, because itsmeaning is complete. That they are hisrelatives - subordinate clause. All simplesentences are main clauses, but not allmain clauses may be sentences.

- M. Karuna

Q: Sir, "I have a headache", "I had a terribleheadache" in these sentences why we add"a". We can not count headache or pains -Please explain.

A: 'Ache' (pain = -ØÁ°œp) is a countable, singu-lar. So it has both singular (ache) andplural (aches). So a headache is correct .

Q: Abstract nouns -Åç-õ‰ -à-N’-ö -Ö-üΔ£æ«®Ω-ù-ûÓÆæ£æ… -N-´-Jç-îªí∫-©®Ω’.

A: Abstract nouns are the names of things wecannot see, touch, but only feel.

Eg: Beauty - We can see beautiful scenery,things, etc., but we cannot touch or feelit. So it is an abstract noun. So are, anger,courage, kindness, etc.

Q: Sir, I request you / I request to you -Which one is the preferable?

A: I request you is correct, and I request toyou is wrong.

- M. Kamesh & B. Raja

Q: Sir, please explain the below Phrases inTelugu with examples.1) Paint off 2) Boil down3) Focus on 4) Care about

A: 1) Paint off - No special meaning for'paint off'

2) Boil down = The main reason for some-thing. (üËE-ÈéjØ√ ´·êu-é¬-®Ωùç).

Eg: His failure in studies boils down to this -lack of interest. (îªü¿’-´¤™ ÅûªE ¢Áj°∂æ-™«u-EéÀé¬®Ω-ù-´’çû√ ÉüË, ÇÆæéÀh ™‰éπ-§Ú-´úøç.)

3) Focus on = Concentrate. (ü¿%≠œd ÍéçvD-éπ-Jç-îªúøç).

Eg: The whole focus of the survey is to findout the percentage of illiterates in thecity. (†í∫-®Ωç-™E E®Ω-éπ~-®√-Ææ’u© ¨»ûªç ûË©a-úø¢Ë’Ç ÆæÍ®y ´·êu ÖüËl¨¡ç.)

4) Care about = Take interest in. (ÇÆæéÀh îª÷°œç-îªúøç). Eg: I don't care about his future.(ÅûªE ¶μºN-≠æuûª’hÂ°j Ø√èπ◊ ÇÆæ-éÀh -™‰ü¿’.)

- V. Meenakshi

Q: Sir, please explain the following inTelugu with examples.1) In take 2) Absolutely 3) Pacify

A: 1 a) The quantity of something we eat ordrink at a particular time. (´’†ç BÆæ’-èπ◊ØË Ç£æ…®Ω °æJ-´÷ùç.)

Eg: The doctor advised me to have moreintake of water. (áèπ◊\´ F∞¡Ÿx BÆæ’-éÓ-´’Eú≈éπd®˝ Ææ©£æ… Éî√a®Ω’.)

b) The number of students an educationalinstitution admits for a course = Ææ÷\∞¡Ÿx,é¬™‰-@©’ îË®Ω’a-èπ◊ØË NüΔu-®Ω’n© Ææçêu. OöÀ-ûÓ-§ƒô’Éûª®Ω Å®√n©÷ ÖØ√o®·.

2) Totally / completely (°æ‹Jhí¬). Eg: What he says is absolutely correct.

(Åûª†’ îÁÊ°pC °æ‹Jhí¬ ÆæÈ®jçC.)3) Pacify = Make an angry / worried / dis-

turbed person calm (¨»çûª-°æ-®Ω-îªúøç). Eg: His mother pacified his father when

he was angry with him.

- Saikiran Sutari

Q: Sir, please explain the following words inTelugu.1) Distribute 2) Segregate 3) Apportion 4) Absorption 5) Expropriation 6) Allocation 7) Allotment 8) Appropriation

A: 1) Distribute = °æçîªôç2) Segregate = ü¿÷®Ωçí¬, ¢Ë®Ω’í¬, Öçîª’

(´·êuçí¬ ÉC ´®Ωg/ èπ◊© N´-éπ~èπ◊ ¢√úø-û√®Ω’)3) Apportion = üËØÁj oØ√ N¶μº->ç* Íéö«-®·ç-îªôç4) Absorption = °‘©’a-éÓ-´úøç– ûË´’, F∞¡Ÿx ™«çöÀ

¢√öÀE. Eg: The absorption of water by sponge.5) Expropriation = wÂ°j¢Ëô’ ÇÆæ’h-©†’ v°æ¶μº’ûªyç

≤ƒyDμ†ç îËÆæ’-éÓ- ôç.6) Allocation = Íéö«-®·ç-îªúøç7) Allotment = Íéö«-®·ç-îªúøç8) Appropriation = NE-´’ßª’ç, NE-ßÁ÷í∫ç

Q: I know, you are not as good as your appear-ance - Is this sentence right?

A: No, the correct sentence is, I know you arenot as good as you appear to be.

- Murali Krishna, Murali Golla

Q: Sir, please tell the difference between'itself' and 'itself it is'. And also explain dif-ferent usages of 'itself'.

A: You know the meaning of itself. It meanson its own. No such expression as 'it self itis'. The correct expression is, 'By itself it is'= on its own it is.

Q: Sir, why don't we use "if I was you" insteadof using "if I were you" - Please clarify.

A: If I was you, is sometimes used and accept-ed, but 'If I were you' is more common.

Q: Sir, what is the meaning of the followingsentence? Please explain in Telugu.

'lying on a mattress in the back of the bakkie'.A: Mattress = Bakkie = A small truck (lorry).

The meaning of the words is, a mattress ison the back of a small truck, and somebodyis lying on it. (*†o ™«K ¢Á†’éπ ¶μ«í∫ç™E °æ®Ω’-°æ¤Â°j °æúø’-èπ◊E Ö†o).

Make no bones... Ö†oC Ö†oô’d îÁ°æpúøç




917

Q: Sir, let me know the Telugu meanings of the followingproverbs.1) Be your self; everyone else is already taken.2) No one can make you feel inferior without

your content.3) Impossible is a word to be found in only in

the dictionary of fools.4) Don't cry because it's over, smile because it

happend.5) You must be the change you wish to see in the world.6) You are you. Now isn't that pleasant?

A: 1) †’´¤y †’´¤yí¬ Öçúø’ (Åçõ‰ Éûª-®Ω’-©†’ Å†’-éπ-Jç-îª-´-ü¿lE)2) F Ææ´’tA ™‰èπ◊çú≈ á´®Ω÷ F™ †’´¤y ûªèπ◊\´ ÅØË ¶μ«¢√Eo

éπLpç-îª-™‰®Ω’.3) Å≤ƒüμ¿uç ÅØË ´÷ô ´‚®Ω’^© E°∂æ’ç-ô’-´¤-™ØË éπE-°œ-Ææ’hçC.

Åçõ‰ ´‚®Ω’^™‰ à °æØÁjØ√ Å≤ƒüμ¿uç Åçö«®Ω’.4) Å®·-§Ú-®·çüË ÅE àúø-´èπ◊, ÅC ïJ-TçC éπüΔ ÅE †´¤y. (ïJ-

T-§Ú-®·-†-üΔEo í∫’Jç* *çAç-îªèπ◊)5) v°æ°æç-îªç™ †’´¤y ®√¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ØË ÷®Ω’p ¢Á·ü¿ô F™ ®√¢√L.6) †’´¤y †’¢Ëy, ÅØË-C Ç£æ…x-ü¿-éπ®Ωç é¬üΔ? (†’´¤y †’´¤y-í¬ØË

Öçõ‰ ÅC Ç†ç-üΔEo éπL-T-Ææ’hçC.)Q: Sir, please say how to pronounce the following

words in English.1) §ƒßª’Ææç 2) ¶Ôí∫’_ 3) ÖöÀd 4) ü¿’°æpöÀ /®Ωí∫’_

A: 1) §ƒßª’Ææç = Rice or any other grain cooked in milkwith sugar. No correct word for it in English.

2) ¶Ôí∫’_ = Coal / charcoal 3) Ö-öÀd - No word for it in English. 4) ü¿’°æpöÀ / ®Ωí∫’_ = Drape / blanket. Rug is an English

word.

-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 27 -†-´ç-•®Ω’ 2016 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ Â£j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 3

I don't feel up to being in...

1. Civic = Connected with a city / town / com-munity / the municipality of a town (†í∫®Ω,°æôdù v°æï-©èπ◊ Ææç•ç-Cμç-*†).Eg: The municipality of a town / the cor-

poration of a city looks after the civicneeds (v°æñ«-´-Ææ-®√©’).

Civic X Rural (ví¬O’ù)2. Bane = A cause of great sorrow and trouble

(ü¿’”ë«EéÀ é¬®Ωùç) / curse (¨»°æç)Eg: Sometimes the cell phone is a bane.Bane × Boon (´®Ωç).Eg: Leaders like Mahatma Gandhi are a

boon to any nation.3. Anonymous = Nameless (Ê°®Ω’-™‰E / Åñ«cûª);

an anonymous letter = á´J Ææçûª-éπ´‚ ™‰EÇé¬-¨¡-®√-´’†o Öûªh®Ωç.Eg: He received an anonymous phone call

yesterday threatening to kill him.

Anonymous × Known / named / identified(ûÁL-Æœ† / Ê°®Ω’†o / í∫’Jhç-îª-í∫©).

4. Unanimous = (of two or more people) Allagreeing on the same point (àéπ-vU-´-¢Á’i†);Unanimous election = àéπ-vU´ áEoéπ.Eg: All of them were unanimous about

electing him their leader. Unanimous × Divided

5. Bogus = Fake (N’--ü∑¿u / †éÀM).Eg: The government has demonetized higher

value notes to check the flow of bogusnotes. (†éÀM ØÓôx†’ -Å-Jéπ-ôd-ú≈-EéÀ v°æ¶μº’ûªyçÂ°ü¿l N©’´ Ö†o ØÓôx†’ ®Ωü¿’l îËÆœçC.)

Bogus × Original (ÅÆæ-™„j†)6. Debut (pronounced 'debyu') = First appear-

ance on the stage of an artiste. (éπ∞«-é¬-®Ω’©¢Á·ü¿öÀ v°æü¿-®Ωz†).Eg: In his debut dance concert he got the

praise of the audience.Debut × End (-ûª’-C)

7. Infer = Conclude / Come to a conclusion(E®√l¥-Jç-îªúøç). Eg: I infer from his words he is not inter-

ested in this job.Infer × Spell out (•ßª’-öÀéÀ îÁ°æpúøç.)

8. Zenith = The highest point in the sky (Çé¬-¨¡ç™ Åûª’u-†oûª Gçü¿’´¤). / The highest pointin one's career (äéπJ ´%Ah™ Å-ûª’u-†oûª ü¿¨¡).Eg: His career as an actor touched the

zenith in that movie.

Zenith X Nadir = The lowest point in theuniverse (N¨¡yç™ ÅA éÀçü¿ Ö†o v°æüË¨¡ç).Eg: His business has touched the nadir,

and he cannot recover. 9. Meddle = Interfere in matters not con-

cerned with us. (éπLpç-îª’-éÓ-´úøç / Èé©-éπúøç).Eg: Do not meddle with that machine (Ç

ßª’çvû√Eo àO’ îËßª’èπ◊). It may be dan-gerous.

Meddle × Leave alone (üËE-´÷-Ø√† üΔEo Ć-™‰-ßª’úøç)

10. Pedestrian = i) A person who walks onthe street (§ƒü¿-î√J).

ii) Uninteresting / dull because it is verycommon (Åç-ûª ÇÆæéÀh éπL-Tç-îªE).

Eg: The movie is pedestrian (-Ç Æœ-E--´÷î√™« ´÷´‚-©’í¬ ÖçC).

Pedestrian × Uncommon

Vocabulary


Q: Sir, please translate the below sentencesinto English.1) Ø√ îË-AéÀ üÁ•s û√éÀçC.2) Åéπ\úø èπÿ®Ω’açõ‰ ´’Æœ Åçô’-èπ◊ç-ô’çC. 3) Fèπÿú≈ •AÍé éπçõ‰ üË´-®√-ñ¸ûÓ î√´úøç ¢Ë’©’.

A: 1) My hand / arm is injured / I hurt my hand/ arm.

2) If you sit there, suit will stick to yourclothes.

3) It is better to die with Devraj than to livewith you.

Q: Sir, please say the meaning of the followingsentence in Telugu.I don't feel up to being in this profession.

A: Feel up to = Have the energy to do some-thing (àüÁjØ√ îËÊÆ ã°œéπ).Eg: I don't feel up to being in this profes-

sion = Ñ ´%Ah™ éÌ†-≤ƒÍí ã°œéπ Ø√èπ◊ ™‰ü¿’.Q: Ironic/ ironically - Please explain in Telugu.A: i) An example of irony: If what happens is

the opposite of what we expect / say.

Eg: His father was saying that his son wouldnot marry without his permission. Just atthe time, his son with a girl came to him,said he had married her, and wanted hisfather to bless them. (ÖüΔ-£æ«-®Ω-ùèπ◊, ûªçvúÕ, ûª†-éÌ-úø’èπ◊ ûª† Å†’-´’A ™‰èπ◊çú≈ Â°Rx îËÆæ’-éÓ-úøE îÁ°æ¤h-†o-°æ¤púË, éÌúø’èπ◊ ûªçvúÕ Å†’-´’A ™‰èπ◊çú≈ á´®ÓÅ´÷t-®·E Â°Rx îËÆæ’-èπ◊E ´*a, ÇQ-®Ωy-Cç-îª-´’EÅ†úøç) - This is ironical. (If what happensis the opposite of what you think or say, itis ironical = ´’†ç Å†’-èπ◊†o üΔEéÀ, îÁÊ°püΔEéÀúA-Í®-éπçí¬ àüÁjØ√ ï®Ω-í∫úøç).

ii) úçí∫uç (îÁÊ°pC äéπöÀ, üΔE Å®Ωnç üΔEéÀ úA-Í®éπç). ÖüΔ: Ç£æ…, --¶μº™‰ íÌ°æp-¢√-úÕN †’´¤y ÅEáí∫-û√-Rí¬ Å†úøç.

Q: The Nagarjuna / Nagarjuna sagar project /dam - Please say the difference.

A: Project = Any carefully planned importantwork for a particular purpose. (äéπ ´‹u£æ«çv°æé¬®Ωç -îËÊÆ Â°ü¿l / éπ≠æd-¢Á’i† °æE – v§ƒñ„é˙d).

★ Dam = a strong and large wall built across ariver to store water, and release it whenneeded. (Ç†-éπôd – †C F∞¡Ÿx ´%ü∑Δí¬ Ææ´·-vü¿ç-™éÀ

§Úèπ◊çú≈, Å´-Ææ-®Ω-¢Á’i-†-°æ¤púø’ ¢√úø’-èπ◊-ØËç-ü¿’èπ◊).Alldams are projects, but all projects need notbe dams.

Q: What kind of dress do you want to havestitched? - Is this correct?

A: What kind of dress do you want to havestitched? - Correct.

Q: Weather / Climate / Atmosphere - Sir,please say the difference.

A: Weather = The day's temperature, thechances of rain, and the moisture in air fora DAY. (®ÓV-¢√K -QûÓ≠æg-ÆœnA).

★ Climate = The weather conditions OVER AYEAR - temperature, rain fall, humidity, etc.(àú≈C §Òúø’-í∫’Ø√ äéπ v°æüË¨¡ QûÓ-≠æg-ÆœnA)

★ Atmosphere = The cover of gases surround-ing the earth. (¶μº÷íÓ-∞«Eo Ç -Jç* Ö†o í¬L,¢√ßª·´¤©’ ´Èíj®√).

- M. Suresan

Writer

- Sohel Arbaz, Yellandu.

- M. Kameswar, Timmanacheruvu.

- P. Srikanth, Guntur.

Q: What are the Telugu meanings of belowtwo sentences?1) We rejected at his being promoted. 2) He took exception to what she about

his family.A: 1) This group of words has no meaning.

2) Your sentence should be: 'He tookexception to what she said about hisfamily' = He objected to (-Å-¶μºuç-ûª®Ωç -ûÁ-L-§ƒ-úø’) what she said about his family.(Ç-¢Á’ -ûª-† èπ◊-ô’ç-¶«-Eo í∫’-Jç-* -Å-†o -´÷-ô-©èπ◊ -Å--ûª-†’ -Å-¶μºuç-ûª®Ωç -ûÁ-L-§ƒ-úø’).

- D. Suresh Kumar, Khammam.

Q: Sir, when we are explaining a story / pas-sage to anyone we generally use the verbin past tense. But how we explain thosesentences which are in direct speechwithout converting them into indirectspeech, I mean the verb will change topast or not? - Please explain.

A: A story can be told either in the presenttense or in the past tense. Only, the sametense should be used throughout thetelling of the story. Words within quota-tions (inverted commas) can be in anytense, depending on the time of happen-ing of the incident in the story.

- P. Kalyani, Kakinada.

Q: Sir, I heard that we should always usehair not hairs. But, his head is bald. Onlya few hairs are left on his head - Here weshould use hairs only. Otherwise themeaning completely change - Am I right?Please explain.

A: Hair and hairs are both correct. Dependson the context in which you use them.Though most often 'hair' is used, in sen-tences like the one which you have writ-ten, 'hairs' is correct.

Q: Keep it short and precise means? - Is thiscorrect sentence?

A: The sentence is correct. It means whatev-er you say/write, say it / write it brieflyand exactly. (Precise = Exact / éπ-*a-ûª-¢Á’i-†).

Q: Monday -†’ç-* -´’--Sx work start -Å-´¤-ûª’ç-CéπüΔ. -Ñ -¢√é¬u-Eo -Éç-Tx-≠ˇ-™ --á-™« -Å-úøí¬-L?

A: Does the work resume from Monday?(Resume = Begin again).

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