Curs 5-6 Iluminat interior Parte...
Transcript of Curs 5-6 Iluminat interior Parte...
Curs 5-6Iluminat interiorParte teoretica
23 – 30 martie 2020
Luminous flux -
Definition: quantity derived from radiant flux Φe by evaluting the radiation
according to its action upon the CIE standard photometric observer.
Formula: = kme, V() d
where V() – is the spectral luminous efficiency function,
km – photometric equivalent, km = 683 lm/W,
e, - radiant flux [W/lm]
Unit: lumen [lm]
Luminous intensity - I
Definition: quotient of the luminous flux dΦ
leaving the source and propagated in the
element of solid angle dΩ containing the
given direction, by the element of solid angle.
Formula: I = d / d
Unit: candela [cd]0°
30°30°
60°60°
90° 90°
120° 120°
150° 150°
180°
60120180
cd/klm C270 | C90
C180 | C0
Illuminance - E
Definition: quotient of the luminous flux dΦ incident on an element of the
surface containing the point, by the area dΑ of that element.
Formula: E = d/dA
Unit: lux [lx]
Measurement equipment: Luxmeter
Lambert law
2r
icosIE
=
Influence of illuminance on visual performance
and visual comfort performance and visual
comfort
Iluminarea, lx
Vit
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e d
etec
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s-1
Illuminance, lx
Go
od
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, %
Luminance - LDefinition: Ratio between Luminous intensity dI in a given
direction and the area of a section of that beam containing
the given point.
Formula: L = dI / dA cos
Unit: candela per square meter [cd/m2]
Measure equipment: Luminacemeter
Luminous efficacy-
Definition: Ratio between total luminous flux from a lamp and total electric
power P used by the lamp and auxiliarry equipment.
Formula: = /P
Unit: [lm/W]
Shades of white light: Color Temperature range
Colour temperature Tc in Kelvin (K)
Color temperature and color rendering
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
CIE test samples
Color rendering index
Rendering on a continuous spectrum
Color rendering index
Rendering with monochromatic yellow
(sodium lamps)
Lamp code
Lamp T26 36W/830
First number comes from color rendering index Ra
• 5 means Ra=50-80
• 8 means Ra=80-90
• 9 means Ra>=90
Last two numbers comes from color temperature:
• 27 means Tc=2700 K, warm white (incandescence)
• 30 means Tc=3000 K, warm white (halogen)
• 40 means Tc=4000 K, neutral white
• 65 means TC=6500 K, coolwhite
Lamp codeLamp T26 36W/830
Clasification
Protection index for dust and water (IP)Protection against:
• fingers or dust
• water IP20
1. Digit
Dust
2. Digit
Water
Dorin BEU
Energy Usage of Lighting❑ In 2015 the electricity consumed by lighting was 2 850 TWh worldwide, about 19 % of the total global
electricity consumption.
❑ Carbon dioxide emissions (Lighting) were 1775 million tonnes, of which approximately 511 million
tonnes in IEA member countries
❑ Lighting electricity use ranges from 5 % to 15 % in industrialized countries, up to 86 % in developing
countries of the total electricity use
❑ Global lighting electricity use is distributed: 28 % residential, 48% service, 16 % industrial, 8 % street
and other lighting
❑ More than one-quarter of world’s population uses liquid fuel (kerosene) to provide lighting
Dorin BEU
EU Energy Usage of Lighting❑ For residential sector electric energy consumption, lighting represents
around 10.2%
❑ For tertiary electric energy consumption, office lighting represents
around 21.57% [TIC2007]
❑ For tertiary electric energy consumption, street lighting represents
around 4.73%
Dorin BEU
LED technology: What is a LED?• A LED (light-emitting diodes in English, meaning light-emitting diode) is a
semiconductor diode that emits light when a positive charge and negative
recombine
Dorin BEU
LED: blue issue
Dorin BEU
Advantages of LEDs• Great potential for energy savings
• Very low maintenance costs
• Solid and sustainable technology
• directionality of light
• Colors are more saturated in LED light
• Dynamics light by:
- Beam adjustmentcolor dynamicsDynamics of color temperature (warm white light / neutral / cold)applications strobe
• miniaturizationPotential to develop unique solutions lightingPotential for radiation Infra-Red and Ultra-Violet
Dorin BEU
Disadvantages of LEDs
• New technology
• Drivers problems
• Lack of standards
• Lack of omnidirectional solutions
• Luminous flux depends on ambient
temperature (LEDs work excellent on low
temperature)
1st LED generation - novelty
-More color LED lighting-Saturated colours-Few white LEDs-Extremely expensive
2nd LED generation – great expectactions
-First application of white LEDs-Cold color temperatures 6500K-Former fluorescent luminairestransformed on LED ones-Problems with uniformity, UGR-ROI a big issue-Solutions delivered by electronist
2nd LED generation – great expectactions
3rd LED generation – retrofit-Retrofit solutions for fluorescent lamps-XLL fluorscent lamps-Low efficacy
4th LED generation – business as usual
-Projects that fulfill EN 12464, 13201 and 1838 recommendations-LED lamps cheaper than CFLs
Open plan office
-Projects that fulfill EN 12464, 13201 and 1838 recommendations-LED lamps cheaper than CFLs
• Continous narrow rows• Em average Em=500lx• Uniformity: Emin/Em>0.6• Glare control, UGR< 16• DALI control
Dialux calculation
-Projects that fulfill EN 12464, 13201 and 1838 recommendations-LED lamps cheaper than CFLs
VIII. LED Konferencia Budapest, 2017 február 7-8
Atrium lighting• Outline lighting as smooth as possible• 40 suspended • Lighting level Em=100lx• Ra>80• Glare control, UGR< 22• DALI control
Maia
Energolux Modul 1:1
Request:
Offered solution:
VIII. LED Konferencia Budapest, 2017 február 7-8
3. Emergency lighting- Simulation
Request:
• EN 1838• Em>1lx -Exit routes• Em>0.5lx-Antipanic
light• Maintenance according
to EN 50172
VIII. LED Konferencia Budapest, 2017 február 7-8
Escape route lighting• Emin>1lx
Antiipanic lighting• Emin>0.5lx
Resclite Escape
Resclite Antipanic
VIII. LED Konferencia Budapest, 2017 február 7-8
1.Open space (working plane) lighting
• Continous narrow rows• Em average Em=500lx• Uniformity: Emin/Em>0.6• Glare control, UGR< 16• DALI controlA round shaped suspended luminary
introduced in the „Cut Off” ceiling ”
Mirel Modular
Orbis
Architectural design
Dialux simulation
Request:
Offered solution:
VIII. LED Konferencia Budapest, 2017 február 7-8
4. Parking lighting • Em>75lx• Policarbonate, transparent
difuser• DALI control• Suspention onto uneven
surface• Antiglare controlled with
rasterCOSMO LED LAM 27W
Request:
VIII. LED Konferencia Budapest, 2017 február 7-8
5.Facade lighting
Without barndoors
With barndoors
FASADE 89
• Protection: IP 65• LED Fitted with lens.• Light distribution on 90-270°-axes < 10°• DALI control
FASADE 89
Request:
Solution: