B O O K S

BEYOIMD THE FLYLEAF Soil Chemistry. M. Y. SHAWARBI. Χ -f-

420 pages . John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 440 Four th Ave., New York 16, Ν. Υ. 1952. $5.00. Reviewed hy A. L. M E H R I N G , 4510 Longfellow St., Hyatts-ville, Md.

LJa. SHAWAKBI IS a native Kgyptian, but liis book is well written in excellent E n g ­lish. It is easy and interesting to read. A few typographical and grammatical errors, however, have eluded the proofreader.

This book is an elementary text on soil science rather than an exhaustive treatise on soil chemistry, as the name might im­ply. It includes discussions of soil genesis, soil classification, seul surveys, mapping, soil conservation, and soil literature. It is world-wide in scope. The subjects re­ceiving the fullest treatment are t he chem­istry of soil reclamation and irrigation. There are no chapters on fertilizers or manures, although the chemical effects on soil of applying various materials is in­cluded. Some subjects that a reader might expect to find in a book with this title, but which are not discussed, are standard methods of soil sampling and analysis, the use of ρI I indicators, the soil bridge, and lysinicters, and the effects of placement and granulation of fertilizers on the soil. Quick tests , which have come into such

widespread use in this country in recent years, are thought by the author to be of little value, except perhaps in the hands of a genius.

Trained soil scientists will probably take exception to some statements as in­complete or faulty. Practically all of t h e articles and books in an extensive bibliog-raphv were publ ished between IQ'JO and 1943.

Thermochemical Methods in Si l icate in­vest igat ion. WlLIIELM ElTTEL. X -~-132 pages. Rutgers University Press. New Brunswick, N. J. 1952. $4.75. Reviewed by J O H N H. W I L L S . Philadel­phia Quartz Co.

P H O F . Kitel's long experience* with t h e experimental determinat ion of heats of reaction and heat capacities makes this small volume» a very welcome companion to his little book "Silicate. Melt Equ i ­libria" from the same press. % Both volumes are well pr inted and numbered hy para­graphs rather t h a n pages, which appears to be helpful.

T h e book is inscribed to Walter P . Whi te whose The Modern Calor imeter" published in 1928 is credited as t he base from which t h e present information on thermal methods is projected. T h e new literature covering the great advance in the past 25 years lias been carefully r e ­viewed to present the important develop­ments with s imple and clear description of experiments, methods and calculations used in the s tudy of silicates, a concise statement of t h e fundamental theory, and many warnings of possible errors in t h e application. Some new work is included; notably the compressibility nomograms for C O . by Ohert . Sixty-two line drawings and charts help to carry out b is purpose. Throughout he suggests possible lines of further research.

There are lists of therino*lyn:«inicul da ta including heat capacity equations of par­ticular interest to those working in silicate systems. T h e thermodynasnical language accepted in this country h:«s been Used.

The Common and Systematic Nomencla­ture of the Simpler Organic Com­pounds. Km u St.Mi.sitK. r)r> pages. North Carolina Pharmaceutical Re­search Foundat ion, Inc., CLajx-i Mil!, V C. l ir»2. $12"). Hevicwed by C u M t i i s I). Him», Northwestern l*su-v ersitv.

V-INI: expects m» errors m a table of loga­rithms. Similarly, one rxjn'tts no t*imrs «it nomenclature in a IHM»1> *levt»;ed to nomenclature. One may commend t he tabular arrangement in this volume, «un· may overlook omissions, 1 tut «HU* cannot countenance errors on nanus ot the com­pounds selected. Dr Sena niuk's presenta­tion is full of such errors, hence t h e lx*"»k cannot he rei o tumeuded. These a ie a few samples ot what one humps into.

ν a > L'se of multiple suffixes: page 10, •onadecendiynoldi thiol t r ionaloic acid; page 2-3, 3-butanonoic acid.

( b ) Use of no suffix for a functional g r o u p : page 25, 1,4-diaminobutane (for 1 ,4-butanediamine) ; page 50, ethanoyl-benzene .

( c ) Use of 2-propyl (pages 1 1 , 13, 24, and e l sewhere) and 3-pentyl . 2-Propyl is erroneously classified as the IUC name for the isopropyl radical, bu t this n a m e is wrong in any system. 3-Pentyl ( page 25 ) is the same kind of error.

( d ) Abbreviation of isocyanate as i-cyanate ( pages 8, 29 ), isocyanide and t-cyanide ( page 28 ) or worse as i-nitrile. T h e " i - " for *'iso" is frequently used in f-alkyl, a l though isoalkyl is more common, bu t is never used to abbrevia te isocyanate, isocyanide, isoxazole, etc.

( e ) Erroneous s t ructures : page 3 1 , ozonides; p a g e 34 , an thracene and naph-thacene; page 8, azides; p a g e 29 , sugges­tion of the equivalence of fulminates and isocyanates.

i f ) Inclusion of names which should be ignored: page 26, ammonia hydrohydrox-ide for NH«OH; page 29, t r imethylene for

C H :

C H : - C H : ; page 35 , furfuran for furan; page 53 , phenyl imidoni t rous acid for PhN = X O H .

Automatic and Manual Control. A. Tus -tin, editor, xi -f- 5S4 pages. Academic Press, Inc. , 125 East 23rd St., New-York 10, X . Y. 1952. $10. Reviewed by J. R. B O W M A N , Mellon Inst i tute .

I n κ title of this book will be somewhat misleading to readers in this country . A more descriptive one would have been "Proceedings of a Symposium on Auto­matic and Manual Control ." T h e book is, in tact, a publicat ion of about 40 inde­pendent papers which were presented at a conference tin the subject held at Cran-field. England, (hiring July 1951. They are well grouped a> to subtopics, but the work has little continuity. Most papers are followed hy a record of t he oral discussion they received at the conference.

Nearly all of the papers are very gen­eral and theoretical in na ture . They as­sume extensive knowledge of applied mathemat ics , at h a s t th rough partial dif­ferential equat ions, statistics, and the theory of the complex variable, as well as, a considerable prai t ieal unders tand ing of the problems of instrumentat ion. This luM>k is definitely not for t he beginner .

Λ further, and even more serious, dif­ficulty is the semantic one . T h e special­ized terms used are rarely fully defined, and usage differs not only be tween the two sides of the Atlantic, hut also be­tween the individual papers of this sym-poMum. T h e experts here do not even seem to be able to agree on the meaning of tl»*- word "servo."

I 'uder t he professed limitation to mathemat ical theory, t he coverage of t o p û s within the field i** good. T h e sev­eral pajH-rs on stability criteria record much research hitherto unpubl ished in this difficult theory, and include studies

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BEYOND THE FLYLEAF

on nonlinear systems. Otliers treat data sampling systems by finite difference oper­ators. There arc t w o papers on quanti­tative psychology or human links in feed­back loops. The book closes with short notes on analog computers. Little mate­rial is given on information theory or on digital computers.

In brief, this book is an c-xcellent refer­ence work, and. being the first of its kind, will undoubtedly remain a classic in the field. It is definitely not suitable, how­ever, as a textbook.

Engineering Problems Of the Future

"The Challenge of Engineering's Second 100 Years," a talk given b y Charles L.

BORON TRICHLORIDE

McCucn ot General Motors at Michigan State College, has been published in booklet form. Mr. McCuen's talk is an effort to vis^/aiize what Ties ahead in sci­ence and engineering and also to bring into sharper focus the importance of the engineer's contribution to the history and well-being of this country. l ie outlines 10 engineering problems for the future:

1. More efficient gas turbines and other power plants

2. Power directly from the sun 3. Process for obtaining materials from

earth's crust and seas 1. Control of corrosion of metals

5. Development of an adequate higli-\\a> system

(i. Practical atomic power plant 7. Process for obtaining fresh water from

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8. Development of new synthetic mate­rials

9. Application of engineering principles to social problems

10. Disaster control—storms, floods, hur­ricanes, and droughts

The booklet may be obtained from the department of public relations, General Motors Corp., Detroit 2, Mich

NEW BOOKS

Aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe, Polycy-clische Système. 2nd ed. E . CLAH. xxii + 481 pages. Springer- Verlug, Berlin W-35, Germany. DM 69.

Disposal of Spent Sulfate Pickling Solu­tions. 76 pages. Steel Industry Action Committee, Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission, 414 Walnut St., Cincinnati 2, Ohio. $2.00.

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Proteins and Enzymes. K A J U L R I K L I N -DEHSTHOM-LANG. 121 pages. Stanford University Press, Stanford, Calif. $3.00.

Quantitative Analysis. \V. M. M A C N L V I N AND T. R. S W E E T . Harper & Brothers. New York 16, Ν. Υ.

Quantitative Analysis, ciples and Practice. G. F. S M I T H , vii -Wilev & Sous, Ine. New'York 16, \ \ Y.

The Scientific Adventure. IIEMUIUT DiNi.i.E. >S2 pages. British Book Center, Inc., 122 East 55th St., New York, Ν. Υ. $6.75.

Theory of Electric Polarization. C. J. F. HoricnEit . xiii 4- 492 pages . Elsevier Press, 402 Lovett Blvd., Houston, Tex. $10.

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Mineral Trade Notes. United States Tin Mission Report, Malaya, 1951. Sep-teiuher 19r>2. Special Supplement No. 39 (To Vol. 35, No. 3 ) , 26 pages.

Petroleum-Engineering Study of the Qua-paw Pool, Osage County, Okla, Hrpt, Jut tit. 4 9 / 3 . 74 page>.

i Above-mentioned publications are avail-ahle tiom Publications Section, U. S, Bu-M au ot Mini's, 4S00 I'orbes St., Pittsburgh 13, Pa.)

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5084 C H E M I C A L A N D Ε Ν G i Ν Ε Ε R Ι Ν G N E W S