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, -U—:. ·. | W i l l i a I H U I I I M · ! o f e x a m p l e s .

T i n · M T t n m «in d é t e r m i n â t i o t i <>f r a d i o -•p- ' ivi tv t- u n f o r t u n a t e l y n o m o r e t h a n t h e ti-lt imp l i e s , wi th ιι·» m e n t i o n of a n y a p ­p l i ca t i on ·>ι du· m e t h o d s l u o r g a n i c ι·|ι··ιΐΗ»« r \ .

T h e final - e . t i o i i deal?» w i t h m a s s s p e c -' ». ii ι H u ν Alt Imugh i n t r o d u c t o r y in e h a r -.,. t. r. t l u - - -e t i«m c o n t a i n s a grea t i l ea l ··) useful i i i ior iuai i on not hi t h e r t ο b r o u g h t to t h e a t tent η m «if m o s t o r g a n i c c h e m i s t s .

H e r a u s e of tin- w i d e d i f f e r ences in t h e t r e a t m e n t of ι he <«ve ta l t o p i c s , n o g e n e r a l i-rhh-iMii can 1»· o f fe red , e x c e p t p e r h a p s t h a t t h e p r e d o m i n a n t e m p h a s i s on i n s t r u ­ment?» ρ» r s« r . in«»iderahly r e d u c e s t h e \ a h i e of t he 1 »···»W t o i t s i n t e n d e d u s e r s , t h e o r g a n i c eh«"tiie»ts. I n c l u s i o n of d i s -«••1.—«i«»II-* of t h e m e t h o d s a n d m o r e a c t u a l e x a m p l e s of the i r u s e in o r g a n i c c h e m ­is t ry w o u l d h a v e l*een m o s t he lp fu l . D e ­s p i t e t h i s o n e d r a w b a c k , t h e t w o v o l u m e s fill a long-fe l t n e e d a n d fu rn i sh a w e a l t h of c l ea r ly p r e s e n t e d , a u t h o r i t a t i v e i n f o r m a t i o n w h i c h e v e r y r e s e a r c h c h e m ­ist will find e x c e e d i n g l y u s e f u l .

T H O M A S I I . P . G I B B , J R .

I! \ «

I : i

I · . . . . . • · ' - . · . . · · 1 » .

I ' t> a ^ · . · ·· ϋ : - l · , · · ι - t . . . ,..- . S J . , \ -

• I'll·;.· r.t t r .e l i ie-t : ι. t ι . · ΐ ι - ; p· .iit ι -al pr. Λ »-I··?·:- a n d . I i-t. « . .η. • lu-mn*. 1 .a· l i chapter ..η the-. · pi a - . - «»f the subject ι - at «m.-e i i i -ogju/ed a- a u t h o r i t a t i v e , i m p a r t i a l , f a e t u - t l , a n d c o m p l e t e .

The .Η·ι·..ΐιΊ part i^ devot · · · ! to a hrief case h is tory of app rox ima te l y pjt) na tu ra l and Uia i lUfaetUt 'ed c o l i l l u o d l t le-». T i l l - sect lol l not o n l y - u p p l i e - t h e f a c t - for t h e r e a d e r t o d e v e l o p h i s j u d g m e n t a l l · ! o p i n i o n s . hut it ι - very in te res t ing reading for a l l >«· hmeal men.

The t h i r d part i - the ηι«»Μ de l i gh t fu l of •dl It « ·· iii-i-t.-» of many gi-neioi i - it.-m-. of I I ' U - , t p i o t a t l ' i l l - . a t l d - t a t e l l i e l l f - . >1 W e l l -

k i i own publ ic m· r ι a l l "·»ι·ι· the wo r l d , and cot ie i -e rcfel'eii· «-. i-otitaltied i l l foo t -l i o t e - a t t he b o t t o m of ea.-h page Heea l l -C oi t in· sma l l t ype Used and the number of -ueh reference·», the to ta l of t bi> mate­r ia l c i p l a b one hal f the t e \ t , and I- we l l indexed.

T h i s 1 link is i n v a l u a b l e for legal m e n in c o r p o r a t i o n law, t h o u g h t h e s u b j e c t is o n e u h ' n h is n o t wel l u n d e r s t o o d , b u t s h o u l d b e , by e v e r y p r o f e s s i o n a l m a n a n d e v e r y b u s i n e s s m a n . I t t o u c h e s o u r d a i l y l i ve s b e c a u s e of t he c o n t r o l placet 1 on h u n d r e d s of m a t e r i a l - if c a r t e l - a r c a c t i v e , in s u c h h i d d e n w a y - , t h a t o n l y b y a g e n e r a l k n o w l e d g e of t h o s e practice»- c a n o n e rea l i ze h o w d e e p l y i n d i v i d u a l we l f a r e m a y b e r o t u e i n v o l v e d . It is f a s c i n a t i n g to l e a d t h e e x p o s é of t h e e a - e - on , fur • x a m p l e . cocoa , t e a , f e r r o a l l o y s , p r a c ­

t i ca l ly al l n a t a l s a m i m i n e r a l s , k a p o k , q u e b r a c h o , c a m p h o r , s a c c h a r i n e , v i t a m i n I ). t u n g s t e n c a r b i d e , t u r p e n t i n e s , a n d e v e n s u b m a r i n e s , j u s t t o m e n t i o n a few of t h o s e d o c u m e n t e d . T h e e x p r e s s i o n is d c l i g h t -

• · · : • : • · ' · · : · ! Μ ' Ι ! · ι · ι ! ι Ν ν i l l '- · ! \ \ · ; J · · -

: . : : · .» · ί . , ι , π , , · ι ν . ρ η ι · · . | t . , ι , a i i . . . t i ,

t . · • , : , i ! . . . . T : , , Î . -

< H Mill -» « >. Βκ · ' \ \ \

Phvstc . i l M e t h o d s of Organic C h e m i s t r y , Vol innc II. T e c h n i q u e of Organ ic Cht-mtstry. \ -••·' ·' Π :· ·/· . - li-

Ι . ' ,Π ; , , . ; . . . | · . · . · : • - , · | ι · Π . · ι ·

! · . · · · · - . I n · . _ · Γ . Γ . . · ι · Μ ι \ Μ · .

\ · . ν> • • · • · . . \ . ^ . 1 · · 1 » . I ' M . · . · . *>> Λ ι ) .

• ' · . ; - - · . · · : ! · • ' · ϋ ι · . · ι- a . · > 111111 ΐ ι : · 11 « > 11

. . · · : · · . :· < - - · ·ι Ί ' Ι Ι Ι Μ I N « • \ i . w - . 2 4 ,

Ρ » ! l ' i | i , · , ' . I : ·'.:· -v\ > · · , - »-•• ·- LL« t f - r . - i l

: ·; ,r T ' . · · · -.·· * ·•». < ' i t i n 1 \ ι η · 1 · | Μ · η Ί · · π ΐ

• •· ·· I ··. » ; : . · ! ι i.-~ a l . : M | . . t : r : p } . \

· · · ' · · · . . ' · · ' . t \ ; „ - , ι , . Ι M 11 — 1 .»;" μ;, in J:11

T . ' . · Ù.·' ' A o - . « M o l l - , « I t - p e e l l o » . . o p \

a-.d i .ho 'om.- t ry by \Y. West , w i l l be pa» 11.·-daily helpful t o the organic chem-l - i . : il · h o u g h ! h « v m i g h t W e l l h a v e b e e n

c o m b i n e d t . · avo id t i n · c o n s i d e r a b l e d u p l i ­c a t i o n w h i c h r e - u l t s from s e p a r a t e t r e a t ­m e n t . I n f r a r e d s jwet n x c o p y is c o v e r e d in on ly e l e v e n p a g e s , b u t , a l t h o u g h brief, t h e p r e s e n t a t i o n is good . I n t h e s e c t i o n o n po la r i t ne t ry, v a r i o u s p o l a r i z i n g d e v i c e s a r e d e s c r i b e d in d e t a i l t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e p h v - i c a l o p t i c s of a n i s o t r o p i c a n d o p ­t i c a l l y a c t i v e m e d i a . T h e t r e a t m e n t of i i o n v i - u a l a n d s p e d r o p n l a r i i n e t ry is p a r -t i cu la r ly go. »d.

" d h p o l c M o m e n t s " b y < \ V. S m i t h c o n -si it u i e - a v e r y c o i u â - e t r e a t m e n t of t h e s u b j e c t . T h e a u t h o r ' s h e t e r o d y n e b e a t m e t h o d i- d e s c r i b e d fully a n d c l e a r l y . *( O t u l u c t o i i i e t i y " is real ly a n i n a d e < | u a t e t i t l e for t h e fifth s e c t i o n , by T . S h e d -l o v s k y . whi«'h d e a l s not o n l y w i t h i n e a s -u n ' i n e n t of e l e c t r o l y t i c c o n d u c t a n c e b u t a l s o w i t h e l e c t r o p h o r e t i c m e t h o d s . ( \ i n ­d u c t o m e t r i e t i t r a t i o n s a r e d i s c u s s e d a t s o m e l e n g t h . T h e a p p e n d i x i n c l u d e s t a b l e s of r e l e v a n t «lata . T h e s i x t h s e c ­t i on o n pot ent io tnet r y is d e v o t e d to s e v ­e r a l c o m m o n e l e c t r o d e s u s e d in t h e d e t e r ­m i n a t i o n o f p H a n d o x i d a t i o n - r e d u c t i o n p o t e n t i a l s a r e c o n s i d e r e d b y b . M i c h a e l i s in ' * P o t e n t i o i n e t r y " .

In t h e s e c t i o n of p o l a r o g r a p h y h y O . If. M u l l e r , n u m e r o u s e x a m p l e s of t h e b e ­h a v i o r of o r g a n i c s u b s t a n c e s a r e c i t e d , m a n y of t h e m f rom t h e a u t h o r ' s o w n w o r k . T h e u se s of p o l a r o g r a p h y i n o r g a n i c a n a l y s i s , b o t h q u a l i t a t i v e a n d q u a n t i t a ­t i v e , a d a p t a t i o n of t h e m e t h o d t o t h e s t u d y of t a i i t o i n e r i s m , p o l y m e r i z a t i o n , t h e effect of g r o u p s o n r e d u c i b i l i t y , r e a c t i o n r a t e s ,

Theory and Practice of Filtration. George I). Dickey and Charles L. Bryden. 346 pages. Hcinhold Publishing Corp., 330 West 42nd St., New York, Ν . Υ., 1946. Price, $6.

I HIS is probably the most comprehensive book that has been published on the sub­ject of nitration. It includes an interest­ing history of filtration from the ancient siphons and strainers used for wines and water, through the period when bed Ml tors were about the only t y p e in use, to the modern machines, such as vacuum and pressure filters, hydraulic presses, ex­tractors, dust collectors, and centrifuges. There is a chapter devoted t o explaining the theory and principles of filtration in which formulas thaty apply t o filtration are given and explained. Reasons are given for t h e use of filters, and another complete chapter is devoted to equipment frequently used for preparing sludge for filtration, such as classifiers and thick­eners, as well as to coagulation and the use of aids to improve filtration.

The importance of the proper type of filter medium is stressed and descriptions are given of metallic and nonmetallic filter cloths, porous mediums, and the comparatively recent synthetic plastic fabrics. Separate chapters arc devoted to gravity filters, pressure niters, vacuum filters, hydraulic and squeeze presses,

2108 C H E M I C A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G N E W S

Beyond the Flyleaf

. · · · : ! ; · · ! . . » . ι :: t» . ·» . . . · . , ι · . ' · , · · χ· . · ·

I < · . I ! \ «

< Ρ

laboratory filters, centrifugals, and air and gas filters. The importance of auxiliary equipment needed for the proper opera­tion of various types of filters, an item often overlooked, is brought out very <-lca,riy.

The filtration field is divided into 14 classifications and a brief explanation of <*ach is given wi th suggestions on the proper type of filter to use for each of the filtration steps. Flow sheets, showing the manufacture of magnesium, beet sugar, •and other products, arc given so the im­portance of filtration can be more readily visualized Suggestions are made on how t o conduct laboratory tests and on the se­lection, installation, and operation of filter -equipment.

The book should be of great value not -only to specialists in the filtration fields, but also t o students, process engineers, -and laboratory technicians.

J. F. D ' A N T O N io

Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons. Volume III. Mononuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Custav Eglnff. AC'S Monograph, xiii -f- 661 pages. Rein-hold Publishing Corp., 330 West 42nd St., New York, N . V.,1946. Price, $15.

1 HE present volume of "Physical Con­stants of Hydrocarbons", the third of the series, is a collation and evaluation of phys­ical constants of mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Th i s classification excludes hydrocarbons having a fused ring struc­ture any ring of which is aromatic, but includes compounds containing any num­ber of separate phenyl groups. For ex­ample, biphenyl and bicycloheptylbenzene appear in this volume, but polynucleat aromatics such a s indane and tetralin are scheduled t o appear in Volume IV of this series- T h e aliphatic (paraffins and ole­fins) and alicyclic (cycioparaffins or naph-thenes) hydrocarbons were covered in Volumes I and II, respectively. The present s tudy is a collation of all melting point, boiling point, density, and refrac­tive index data published before May 1944.

The introduction gives an interesting story of t h e history of benzene and its structure and discusses the organization of the compounds and their nomenclature, the evaluation of the data, and the calcula­tion of the most probable values.

The compounds included are:

Benzene and its aliphatic derivatives Benzene with alicyclic substitutions Biphenyl and i ts aliphatic derivatives Two phenyl substitutions on aliphatics Biphenyl with alicyclic substitutions Two phenyl substitutions on al icy d ie s or

alicyclic aliphatics and alicyclic diphenyl substitutions on aliphatics

Terphenyls and their aliphatic derivatives Three phenyl or one phenyl and one bi­

phenyl substitutions on aliphatics Terphenyls with alicyclic substitutions Three phenyl or one phenyl and one bi­

phenyl substitutions on alicyclics Quatraphenyls and their aliphatic deriva­

tives

» ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ j

P E N A C O L CHEMICALS

Resorcin Catechol

PENACOLITE Resins and Adhesives

PlEBiBiSYLVANIA COAL· P R O D U C T S C O M P A N Y

P h o n e : B u t l e r , P a . — B r u i n 2 6 H

P e t r o l i a , P e n n s y l v a n i a

PALO-TRAVIS PARTICLE SIZE APPARATUS

OFFERS /Icctviacif. 1/e*4aiiiUéf

The sedimentation principle on which this instrument operaws, makes it possible to determine particle sizes in the sub-sieve range, from 325 mesh down to 2 microns. Elaborate calctdations are eliminated by the use of a graphical solution or a slide rule calculator, both of which are furnished with the instrument.

Determination may be made on any substance, providing there is a liquid medium available in which the substance is insoluble, and a wetting agent that will disperse the particles.

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Sold as powder, granular, and crystalline material. Color, ruby-red. Called Red Prussiate of Potash, Mol .Wst. : 329.18 Ferrous salts—trace Sulphates—0.009% Chlorides — 0 . 0 2 4 % Assay —98 .0 to 99 .3%

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271 RUSSELL STREET BROOKLYN.22, Ν. Υ. '

BEYOND THE FLYLEAF

Four phenyl, two phenyl, and one bi-phenylyl, or two biphenylylsubstitutions on aliphatics

Four phenyl substitutions on alicyclics Quinquaphenyls and tneir aliphatic de­

rivatives Five phenyl, three phenyl and one bi­

phenylyl, or one phenyl and two bi­phenylyl substitutions on aliphatics

Five phenyl substitutions on alicyclics Sexaphenyls and their aliphatic derivatives Six phenyl, four phenyl, and one biphen­

ylyl, two phenyl and two biphenylyl, or three biphenylyl substitutions on ali­phatics

Six phenyl substitutions on alicyclics Compounds containing seven phenyl

groups Compounds containing eight phenyl

groups and aliphatic groups Compounds containing nine phenyl groups Compounds containing ten phenyl groups Higher phenyl compounds

The compounds in the book have been assigned scientific names compounded from the Geneva Rules (Patterson, J. Am. Chern. Soc, 55, 3905 (1933)] and the Proposed International Rules [Patterson and Capell, "The Ring Index", Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York (1940)]. The deviations made in the interest of sim­plifying some of the nomenclature are ex­plained. The names used are strictly in accordance with scientific practice except for compounds which have a classic trivial name that has been used almost exclusively in the literature. Compounds with a trivial name well known to workers in a special field, but not to chemists in gen­eral, are given the scientific names with common names and alternative scientific names in parentheses. (In the case of propen-1-ylbenzene and isopropenyiben-zene, however, the author neglected to add the more common scientific names of /3-methylstyrene and α-methylstyrene, re­spectively.)

The system used by the author for as­signing relative weights to data from vari­ous sources attaches an overwhelming im­portance to precision (for which the rating weight may vary from 1 to 10,000) and too little to accuracy (for which the rating may vary only from 1 to 5). This system will lead to difficulties, particularly in connection with data on freezing points, where the accuracy of the measured values is greatly affected by the purity of the sample as well as by the accuracy of the thennometric system used by the given in­vestigator.

In addition to values of boiling points (at 760 mm. and various other pressures), melting points, densities (at 20° C. and various other temperatures), and re­fractive index (no at 20° C and various other temperatures), values, where avail­able, are also given for certain other prop­erties, such as critical temperature, critical pressure, critical density, optical rotation, and sublimation temperatures. When sufficient data are available, equa­tions are also given for calculating boiling

points, melting points, densities, an<R re­fractive indices at other than standard conditions.

The reviewer feels that every technical librp*y should have a copy of this book.

FREDERICK D. ROSSINI

Autoxidation of Diethyl Ether and Its In­hibition by Diphenylamine. Gvnnar Ldndgren. 190 pages. P. A. Norstedt & Sôner, Stockholm, Sweden, 1·946. Price, 10 Swedish crowns.

X H I S timely brochure by Lindgren is di­vided into three principal parts. The first part deals with the chemical investi­gation of diethyl ether and the quantita­tive determination of peroxide and atlde-hyde. Studies are also made with the various inhibiting agents, the principal one of which is diphenylamine. The second portion of the treatise deals with experiments on animals to determine the effect of different degrees of purity on the capacity of ethyl ether to anesthetize laboratory animals. The third part of the book treats of a clinical study and gives the course of anesthesia with \7ari-ous samples of ethyl ether having under­gone oxidation.

It has been shown that ethyl ether kept without any precautionary measures will slowly be oxidized by atmospheric oxygen; light and heat hasten the process. Ether peroxide, acetic aldehyde, and acetic aicid are the best known autoxidation products. Not only does the presence of peroxide in ether involve the serious risk of explosion, but it also prevents rapid induction! of laboratory animals, especially mice. The author has shown that the period oF in­duction is increased by increasing the amount of peroxides present in ether.

It was shown also that various types of inhibitors could, under ordinary condi­tions, prevent the formation of peroxide in ether. He recommends 0.02% of diphemyl-amine as the most satisfactory inhibitor of oxidation.

The clinical trials with ether hawing traces of peroxide and cork extract and other impurities were very carefully car­ried out and the data statistically ana­lyzed. It is shown that ether stabilized with diphenylamine and stored uader favorable conditions for autoxidation can­not be distinguished from pure, nonauboxi-dized ether when used for anesthetic pur­poses. The writer emphasizes the fact feihat the success of ether anesthesia is largely dependent on the skill of the anesthetist.

The author is to be commended for having compiled in one volume the im­portant information with regard to the stability of diethyl ether. His style is lucid, the meaning of his tables are ckear, and his statistical analysis of the data of a biological character substantiate his conclusions. JOHN C. KRANTZ, JR.

2110 C H E M I C A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G N E W S

Hi

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CENTftOU

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light brown Plastic Mass

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CEMTROL I N D U S T R I A L

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t.est than 0.3% M O

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LECITHIN

CENTROL lit

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Yellow Viscous

Fluid 1.04-1.06

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CENTROL A-l

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Brown

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BEYOND THE FLYLEAF

Postwar Taxation and Economic Progress. Harold M. Groves. 432 pages. M c ­Graw-Hill Book Co., New York, Ν. Y . , 1946. Price, $4.50.

I N 1944 Dr. Groves published an earlier report upon tax studios entitled "Pro­duction, Jobs and Taxes" in which it was stated that the conclusions were tentative and incomplete but that a fuller treatment of the subject would be published %t a later date. The present volume is the ful­fillment of this promise. Like its prede­cessor, the new work was undertaken as a research study for the Committee for Economic Development, which is an or­ganization whose laudable aim is the a t ­tainment and maintenance of high post­war employment and prosperity.

A comprehensive coverage of the entire tax structure is given, starting from t h e federal system and working down through the state and municipal fields. Analysis is made of corporate and personal taxes with special emphasis placed on the i m ­portant role of the income tax. Other taxes studied include death, excise, and sales taxes as well as forms of incentive taxation. The objective of thesn studies is to formulate specifications for a perma­nent tax structure.

Realizing the extent to which our post­war economy will hinge on the government tax program, the author estimates t h e annual revenue from several different t a x bases and their effect on industry and business. He concludes that the keystone of the tax program should be the personal income tax with a tax base of about 4 0 % of the national income. Taxes must be maintained a t a high level during t h e postwar inflationary period to balance t h e budget and reduce the national debt. I n line with this recommendation, all forms of income should be treated similarly— for example, there should be no line of demarcation between salaries and capital gains. Taxes should not destroy incen­tives but should allow additional return to "risk" takers. Finally, direct taxes should b e borne by everyone and not b e an exclusive burden of the sick.

JAMES B. IRWIN

International Relations in Science. Walter B. Cannon and Richard M. Field. Vol. 9, N o . 4. 44 pages. Chronica Botanica Co., Box 151, Waltham 6 4 , Mass., 1945. Free.

T H E following delightful "short story", quoted on the title-page of this pamphlet [reprint of Chronica Botan., 9, 255-98 (1945)], serves t o remind us of a differ­ence between conditions of another d a y and those of the second World War: "In 1813, when France and England were fighting each other, Sir Humphrey D a v y visited Paris, was awarded a gold medal

by the Académie des Sciences, aiad elected a corresponding member.' '

In their introduction, the authors point out that, " I t is essential that t l o s e scien­tists who arc today . . . planning postwar research and education become familiar with previous efforts in their fiekt and re­lated fields . . . before attempting to de­fine the framework of new or duplicating organizations." With this thought in mind a questionnaire, given i n detail, was formulated by the Division cT Foreign Relations of the National Research Council a n d sent out in March 1S>44 to all a\'ailable officers, or adjutants^ of the International Scientific Unions arid Con­gresses.

The replies received have bee» carefully digested and summarized; because of wartime exigencies, they were representa­tive largely of the opinions of English-speaking scientists. On this muss of in­formation, Supplied by over 1LO distin­guished men, theauthors then bas» valuable conclusions and make recommendations of fundamental importance t o imaproving the liaison between science acitd inter­national society. All those interested in the study o f past, and promotionof future, amicable international relations inn science will find t h i s collation indispensable.

R. STUACTT TIPSON

One World or None. / / . H, Arnold, Hans Sellie, Ε. V. Cond<m>9 Albert Einstein* Irving Langmuir, WdUer Lipp-mann, F>hilip Morrison., J". £ . Oppen-heimer, Louis Ridenour, Frederick Seitz, Harlow Shapley, Leo SpilarH, Harold Urey, Kxigene P. Wigner, G<&e Young,

and the Federation of American Scien­tists, χ -f 79 pages. McGraw-Hill Book Co. , Inc., New Yorl^ Ν. Υ. , 1946. Price, SI .

B Y now most of us have heaitBi a great deal about the atomic bomb—too much, according t o some. Human bemgs seem to have a limited capacity for responding to shock and outrage so that After just so much exposure to horror the average citizen is inclined to turn back to his base­ball scores and racing form.

But pulling the covers over our heads does not make t h e horrid thing disappear— it is not jus t a bad dream; i t is. real and still with u s . T h e present compilation of articles b y numerous distinguished con­tributors should help keep us alliresolutely facing tliis greatest danger ever k> menace the human race. In this pamplulet scien­tists have expounded the nature of the problem a n d the technical possibilities for its control, General Arnold has impres­sively demonstrated how intolerably effi­cient and far-reaching air power has be­come and how much worse it will soon be, and Walter Lippmann has contributed an

optimistic article on the prospects of world cooperation.

This is a book which can be read with profit by technical men and plain citizens alike. I t is definitely not another "popu­lar' * exposition of nuclear physics, but rather a sober discussion of the power of the bomb, i t s effects on our world, the impossibility oi defense, the probability of i t s manufacture by other nations, and a carefully weighed discussion of the pos­sible ways of controlling it.

Perhaps the most valuable service this collection of articles renders is t o put forward in somewhat more detail than i s usually found, the basis of the oft-repeated statements s o universally accepted by scientists—namely, the atomic bomb i s overwhelmingly effective; there is n o reason t o believe that any adequate de­fense against it can be found; other na­tions will be able in a few years to make them; keeping ahead in quantity or quality will not protect us; an imple­mented, international scheme of control is the only solution.

Because chemists had a major share in bringing the bomb into being, chemists have a special responsibility for using their influence and their understanding of the problem to educate the public and es­pecially our politicians and statesmen of the necessity for intelligent action before it is too late- The widespread circulation of this pamphlet should help make this critically necessary task easier.

E . BRIGHT W I L S O N , JR.

German for the Scientist. Peter F. Wiener, xxi -f- 238 pages. Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., 26 Court St . , Brooklyn, Ν. Υ., 1946. Price, $3.50.

I F the reviewer were to characterize this book in a humorous vein i t would be somewhat in the style of a dentist's ad­vertising—a painless extraction process. Mr. Wiener lias certainly succeeded in putting into this small volume the answer to the scientist's prayers for a painless method of giving him in the shortest pos­sible time and with the least possible effort sufficient knowledge of scientific German to change the bugbear of literature search in the original from a drudgery t o a pleasure.

Paul Spoerri, in the foreword, has de­fined a reading knowledge of German as "the ability t o extract the essential mean­ing of a scientific text without too much waste of time". Other textbooks have assumed prior knowledge of German and have either made the grammar sections so concise and 'heavy that digging out the meat was a chore even to the student of German, or have spent so much t ime on pages of vocabulary for memorizing or, in the reading section, in the endless repe-

2112 C H E M I C A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G N E W S

Β Ε Υ Ο IS D THE FLYLEAF

tition of such first-grade phrases as "a test tube i s made of glass" that the reader was feft hanging on the proverbial limb when he finally met a real scientific German article in the flesh.

N o t so this author. He has condensed his grammar into ten short lessons, so interspersed with interesting reading that the grammar is absorbed before the reader is hardly aware of it. He follows this im­mediately with no made-up, juvenile sentences, but with short and instructive specimen passages from the University of London examinât, s. Chemists and physicists will welcome the fact that in­stead of dabbling in a number of related sciences the author has confined the main body of the book to a chemistry and a physics section, with a final section giving the translation of both. H e has included a wide variety of passages from repre­sentative German chemical and physical literature and has abided b y his tenet that the right way to acquire vocabulary is by constant repetitive reading rather than the memorizing of disconnected words in vocabulary exercises.

I t is t h e opinion of the reviewer that scientists without a good reading knowl­edge of German will find in this book a particularly easy road to such a knowl­edge, and that more advanced students will discover that it is an absorbing "re­fresher course". W I L L H. SHEARON, J R .

Government Support of Science

A pamphlet, "Should the Government Support Science?" has been prepared by Waldemar Kaempffert and published by the Public Affairs Committee, a nonprofit, educational organization, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, N e w York 20, Ν. Υ . Based chiefly on the Bush report, "Science, the Endless Frontier", and on Senatorial hearings on science legislation, the 32-page discussion is N o . 119 in the series, available at 10 cents a copy.

Chemiker Zeitung Microfilmed

T h e Chemists' Club library in New York has taken steps to obtain a microfilm of the complete run of Chemiker Zeitung, in order to preserve this journal which is under­going physical deterioration. Other l i ­braries which would like to profit by the opportunity are invited t o subscribe for a positive copy of the microfilm. Strict specifications wil l be adhered to, except for certain volumes in the period of World War II which have already been filmed under very difficult conditions. The price will depend on the number of exposures in the complete s e t and the number of sub­scriptions, probably ranging between $350 and $400. Inquiries and orders should be

addressed to Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor Mich., where the work is already in prog­ress.

Index to Canadian Industry

T h e 1946 Canadian Trade Index, with approximately 9,000 Canadian manufac­turers indexed with addresses, branches, export representation, and trademarks and brands, according to product as well as name, is available. About 400 firms have been added since last year. The Canadian Manufacturers' Association, Toronto, Ont., the publishers, have set the price a t $6.

August Analytical Edition Contents of the August issue of the

Analytical Edition of Industrial and Engi­neering Chemistry include:

Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy to D D T . J. K. DOWNING, W. V. F R E E D , I. F. W A L K E R , AND G. D . PATTERSON

Routine Analysis of Sodium-Potassium Alloys. S. * L·. WALTERS AND R. R. M I L L E R

Determination of Ethylene Chlorohydrin. KARL UHTIIG

Colorimetric Determination of Local Anes­thetic Compounds. F. J. B A N D E L I N AND C. R. K E M P

Molecular Weight and Mercaptan Content of Mixtures of Primary Mercaptans. Gravimetric Determinations. H. A. LAITINTBN, A. S. O ' B R I E N , AND J. S. N E L S O N

Determination of Acid in the Presence of Aluminum. R. P. G R A H A M

Colorimetric Determination of Cobalt in Metallurgical Products with Nitroso R Salt. R. S. YOUNG, Ε . Τ. P I N K N E Y , AND R. D I C K

Radioactive Studies. Utilization of the Radioactive Isotope Dilution Proce­dures for Special Types of Chemical Problems. Quantitative Determination of the Three Individual Components of Mixtures of Dibenzyl Sulfide, Sulf­oxide, and Sulfone as an Illustrative Example. F. C. H E N R I QTJES, J R . , AND CHARLES MARONETTI

Analytical Chemistry of the Pare Earths. The Active-Oxygen Determination. G. L·. BARTHATJER AND D . W. PEARCE

Estimation of Ammonium Picrate in Waters from Bomb- and Shell-Loading Plants. Some Reactions of Ammonium Picrate in Water and Sewage. C. C. RUCHHOPT AND FRANCIS I . NORRIS

Determination of Hiding and Contrast-Obliterating Power of Paints. P. F. L U F T

Nomographic Procedure for a Two-Com­ponent Colored System. Copper in a Nickel Plating Bath. E R N E S T A. B R O W N

Differential Reduction of Iron and Tin. A. C. SIMON, PATRICIA S. MIX,LER, J. C . EDWARDS, AND F. B . CLARDY

Detection of Elemental Sulfur in Gasoline b y the Sommer Test. G. E. M A P S T O N E

Qualitative Test for Carbohydrate Mate­rial. R O M A N DREYWOOD

Determination of Ethers and Esters of Ethylene Glycol. A Modified Alkoxyl Analysis. P A U L W. M O R G A N

Precision Semimicromethod for Gas Analy­sis. LEONARD K. N A S H

Determination of Nicotine in the Air. W . E . McCORMICR AND Μ ΑΧΙΝΕ SMITH

Nitrogen Oetermination by the Micro-Dumas Method. Improvements in Apparatus. ERVIX STEHR

Identification of Organic Bases by Means of the Optical Properties of Dili grates (Nitrobarbiturates). Primary Aromatic Amines. BAUTLETT T. D E W E Y AND ELMER M. PLEIX

August Industrial Edition Contents of the August issue of Indus­

trial and Engineering Chemistry include:

Xapalm. Louis F . FIESER, GEORGE C. HARRIS, IS. B. HERSHBBRG, MORLEY MORGANA, FREDERICK C. NOVELLO, AND STEARNS T. P U T N A M

Preventing the Fungus Fouling of Optical Instruments. RICHARD E. VICKLUND

Wood for Storage Battery Separators. L. V. PEAKES, J R . , R. A. LLOYD, V. S. B A R N E S , J. II. B E R R Y , AND GEORGE J. RITTER

Temperature Dependence of Water Vapor Permeability. P A U L M. DOTY, W. H. A I K E N , AND H. M A R K

Mold as an Adjunct to Malt in Grain Fermentation. Ν . Μ. E R B AND F. M. HlLDEBRANDT

Mechanism of Catalyzed Alkylation of Isobutanc with Olefins. M. H. GORIN, C. S. KUIIN, JR., A N D C. B. M I L P S

A Generalized van der Waals Equation of State for Real Gases. G O U Q - J E N SU AND C H I E N - H O U CHANG

Generalized Equation of State for Real C ses. GOXJQ-JBN S U AND CHIEN-HOU CHANG

Modified Law of Corresponding States for Real Gases. G O U Q - J E N S U

Action of Antifouling Paints. JOHN D. FERRY AND BOSTWICK H. KETCHUM

Rayon Structure. E D W I N L. LOVELL AND O. GoLDscmiiD

The System Acetone-Water-l,l,2-Tri-chloroethane. R O B E R T E. TREYBAL, LAWRENCE D. W E B E R , AND JOSEPH F. D A L E Y

Isomerization of η-Butane Catalyzed by Aluminum Bromide. A. G. OBLAD AND M. H. GORIN

Styrene Production by Catalytic Dchydro-genation. JULIAN M. M W I T Y , EARL E. ZETTERHOLM, AND GEORGE L. HERVERT

Removal of Carbon from Hot Caustic Solution. A. J . LUETTGEN, K. S. WHISLER, AND H . D . BAUMAN

Acetic Acid-Ethyl Ether-Water System. COLEMAN J. M A Y O R AND OSCAR J. SWENSON

Copolymers of Dimethylstyrene Vinyl Fatty Esters with Butadiene. P A U L 0. POWERS

Some Physical Properties of Activated Bauxite. H E I N Z HEINEMANN, K . A. KRIEGER, AND W*. S. W. M C C A R T E R

Chain Length Measurements on Nitrated Cellulosic Constituents of Wood. R. L. MITCHELL

Viscosity of Linseed Stand Oil at High Shearing Stresses. D . TOLLENAAR AND H. BOLTHOP

Nutritive Value of Dehydrated Vegetables and Fruits. P A U L L. PAVCBK AND COMMITTEE ON F O O D COMPOSITION

Accelerated Breaking of Unstable Emul­sions. H. P. M E I S S N B R AND B. CHER-TOW

Nutritive Value of Canned Foods. FRANK C. LAMB

Mixed Allyl Ethers of Starch. R. M. HAMILTON AND E . YANOVSKY

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