Belle/KEB status & plans

φ1, φ2, φ3; penguins; new particles;…

+plans for Super-KEKB/Belle

S.L. OlsenU. of Hawai’i

P5 meetingSLAC 10/5/05

KEKB Collider

The KEKB Collider (8 x 3.5 GeV, X angle)

L=(1.6 x 1034)/cm2/sec Int(L dt)= 469 fb-1 On- resonance~420fb-1

Status of Asymmetric B FactoriesStatus of Asymmetric B Factories

KEKB

PEP-II

Used this summer

Ldt 2(t/14mo)

Normal injection Continuous injection

1182 pb/day661/pb/day

collaboration

Detector performance

0.3%

Pt resolution ( in %) M(0) resolution ( in MeV)

4.5MeV

100MeV1 GeV/c 1 GeV

(B: 8MeV) (B: 21MeV)

Particle ID in Belle

~8%

~80%

SVD Occupancy

Present : layer 1 of SVD

~10% occupancy / 200 Krad.yr-1

L~1.6x1034 → L~5x1034 cm-2s-1 ???

~10% ~4%

~2% ~2%SVD2

w/o Event Builder

Upgrade

DAQ upgrades

Present operation

Faster signal processingwith CMS chip in SVD(Silcon vertex det.)

New pipelined dataAcquisition system (COPPER)

The B Factory Physics Program

1) Measure of Fundamental SM Params:

CKM elements & phases

2) Search for New Physics:

look for evidence of new particles in loops

3) Unanticipated new phenomena:

large (e+e-cccc), X(3872),Y(3940),..

4) + lots of “bread & butter”

c’, c2’, D**,c*, -physics, spin frag-fcn,…

Warning: I can only give a few small tastes from this rich & flavorful menu

B0

B0B0

Vcb

VtbV*

V*Vtb

J/

J/

KS

KS

sin21 from BfCP + BBfCP interf.

V*2

td

td

td

Sanda, Bigi & Carter:

Principle of CPV Measurement

t z/(cβγ)

(B0 or B0 ?)

B - B

B + B

= (1-2w)sin21= (1-2w)sin21

more B’s

more B’s

fCP

t=0z

J/ (

KS

2005: B2005: B00 J/ J/ K K00 w/386 M BB pairs w/386 M BB pairs

2*/

2*KsJbeambc PEM

B0 J/ KS B0 J/ KL

Nsig = 5264Purity 98 %

CP odd Nsig = 4792Purity 60 %

CP even

0 0

__

CP side:t0.5ps tag side:t0.9ps

2005: B2005: B00 J/ J/ K K00

BG subtracted distributions(good tag region)

sin21= 0.652 ±0.039 (stat) ±0.020 (syst) A = 0.010 ±0.026 (stat) ±0.036 (syst)

previous resultsin2= 0.728 0.061

(152 M BB pairs)consistent ~1.2

B0 tag_B0 tag

_

_

11 measurement measurement

1~20o

1~70o

sin21

1

2-fold ambiguity21 -21

?

?

BB00 D D00hh00

Belle’s New Method for Direct measurement of Belle’s New Method for Direct measurement of 11

__(D0 KS

M(KS)

M(KS)

f-+

M(KS)

M(KS)f+-

AB0D0h0(t) =

cos(Mt/2)

sin(Mt/2) -ei21 h0

Reconstruction of BReconstruction of B00 D[K D[KSS++--]h]h00

D0 0 D0 D0 D*0 0,

Nsig = 157 ±24purity : 59%

Nsig = 67 ±10purity : 86%

Nsig = 58 ±13purity : 60%

Nsig = 27 ±11purity : 52% D*0 D0 0

TOTALNsig = 309 ±31

purity : 63%

__

Time-Dependent Dalitz fit resultsTime-Dependent Dalitz fit results

Final state 1 (o)

D0 0 11 ± 26

D0 28 ± 32

D*0 0, 25 ± 35

combined 16 ±21(stat) ±11(syst)

-30o < 1 < 62o

(95% C.L.)

Belle preliminary

Implications of Time-dependent Dalitz analysisImplications of Time-dependent Dalitz analysis

1~20o

1~70o

sin21

1

?

?

(^_^)

2-fold ambiguityresolved !

Consistent with B0J/K* results cos21 = 0.87 ±0.75, hep-ex/0504046

Disfavored>2

07.015.058.0 A07.021.000.1 S

5.2CPV,

First evidence for DCPV (3.2σ)

Belle 152 M BB

with 372±32 B0→+− events

04.015.009.0 A03.017.030.0 S

BABAR 227M BB

hep-ex/0501071

Also ~3.2 difference between Belle and BaBar

PRL 93, 021601 (2004)

with 467±33 B0→+− events

Experimental Situation for B+ - in 2004

E-Mbc 2D fits to individual time intervals

B0 tagged B0 tagged

t (ps)

+−

AC

P

+−

Yie

ld2005 results: Bkg subtracted B+ - projections

06.016.067.0

06.012.056.0

S

A

4signal for Direct CPV

& 18071 2

190 2

2005: Status of B+ -

Belle 275M

BABAR 227M

A

~2.3 difference between Belle and BABAR

S

S

- A(C)

275M BBbar pairs

62.04.03.05.0

00 10)3.2()( Br

17.044.0)( 53.052.0

00 CPA

hep-ex/0408101published in PRL

Belle’s measurement of ACP(B0 0 )

CPV in B0 +

B VV: not a single CP eigenstate + +0: wide resonance, two 0’s in the final state.

B(00) << B(+), B(+0) < 1.1 30 6 (26 6 ) x 10-6 (HFAG Winter05)

small Penguin pollution () 2A00

A+0

A+-/ 2

fL ~ 100% CP +1

Similar to B+, but in principle more complicated …

Three miracles:

B()NR and int. small

B = 24.4 2.2

x 10-6

275M BB275M BB

B0 + signalB0 + signal

3.84.1

fL= 0.951 0.0290.031

0.0330.039 [Belle-CONF-0545]

continuum

b c

b u

Helicity M

signal

signal

continuum

continuum

2005: Belle Results on CPV in B2005: Belle Results on CPV in B++--

)(08.0)(42.009.0

)()(30.000.0 10.009.0

syststatS

syststatA

Results:

Low quality tag

High quality tag

q=1 q=-1

Preliminary (274 106 BB pairs)

No CPV φ2 is near 900

Belle Constraints on Belle Constraints on 2 2 ((αα))

11559

1787

2

2

at 90% CL

B [hep-ex/0502035] & combined

11375

93

2

12112

at 90% CL

B only

3 () measurement

1

2

3

Vtd Vtb

Vcd Vcb

Vud Vub*

*

*

u

b

u

uc

sW

B+d

D0

Vcs

Vub

u

b

u

su

c

W

B+d D0

+Vus

Vcb _fCOMfCOM

Interference of bc and bu diagrams

Simple mixing CPV 3 (with Bd )+

Tree

3) 3)

Tree

Belle method for 3: Dalitz 3) fCOM = D KS

B+:

B-:

m+=m(Ks+), m=m(Ks) CPV: Asymmetry in Dalitz dist.:

r

r |A2|

|A1|r =

2m

2m

0 D 2m

2m

0 D obtainfromtagged D0

(D*+ D0+)sample

BD(*) K(*), DKS +-275M BB275M BB

D0K D*0K[D00]

D0K*36signal

209signal

58signal

[hep-ex/0411049]

[hep-ex/0504013]

3 Results (Belle and BaBar)

[hep-ex/0504039]

[hep-ex/0411049,0504013]

3 = 63 deg.3 = 63 deg.1513

(Non-trivial constraint)

Current status

consistent with constraints from measmts of lengths of sides only:

η=0.342±0.022

=0.216±0.036

CPV angles only:η=0.321±0.027=0.193±0.57

Simplistic(?) summation: 1+ 2+ 3 182o ~20o

SM with KM ansatz works remarkably well for tree-level

processes

Next step: use bs penguinsExample:

no KM phase

SM: sin21 = sin21 from BJ/ KS (bc c s)

unless there are other, non-SM particles in the loop

eff

Vtd

Vtd

+

1

B B

, ’,

1

, ’,

_

*

*

How New Physics contributes to bs

0B

b ss

sd

d

W

g

, ,u c t

“Internal Penguin”

0SK

0B

0SK

0 0 B K

0 0 B K

0SK

0B

b

s

s

sd d

0SK

0B

b

s

s

sd d

Many new phases are possible in SUSY

New physics in loops?

Belle 2005:

Significant CP Violation in a bs penguin mode!!

>>all systematically below sin(2)

>>QCD corrections : sin2(penguin)>sin2(tree)

[Beneke, hep-ph/0505075][Cheng,Chua,Soni, hep-ph/0506268]

recent QCD factorization estimates :

sin2φ1(penguin)-sin2φ1(tree)

Many bs modes were studied:

sin21(penguin) = 0.50 0.06

(HFAG’s “naïve average”)

0.4-

B Kl +l - K*l +l -

(loops with virtual

t’s, W’s, & Z’s)

EW penguins

1st measurement of AFB(BK* l l)

Interference btw and Z

AFB (Kl +l -) = 0.09 0.14 (stat)AFB(K*l +l - ) = 0.56 0.13 (stat)

already rules out some new physics scenarios

First Observation of bd

Addresses the same physics issue as Bs- Bs mixing (future Tevatron RunII goal).

_

signal

qq

K*other B

2BR( / )

BR( )td

ts

B

B

V

VK

Same physics as Bs mixing

68%CL

95%CL

Full UT fit

Implications of Belle’s observation of bd

bonuses: new mesons, many puzzles!

c’X(3872)

Z(3931)c2’?

e+e-cccc Y(4260)

Y(3940)

M(J/) MeV

c”??

not seen in (e+e-hadrons)at Ecm =4.26 GeV

Y(4260)

???

KEKB near term

• During the recent summer shutdown (2005)– one more RF station for ARES cavity (a klystron, low level

control …) in HER (to be named as D5E)• Increase of the HER beam current by about 150mA• One RF station costs about 2 Oku-yen.

– new movable masks in LER: Cu head – solenoids for electron cloud

• Upgrade the 50 power supplies for solenoid coils (3A -> 5A)• test of thin coils inside quadrupole magnets

– 3.5 3.27 (lower?) bucket spacing?• Crab cavity (Jan 2006)

– A crab cavity for the purpose of raising the beam-beam parameters is scheduled to be installed in each ring at the beginning of 2006.

Comparison of Specific Luminosity3.5 bucket spacing

3.77 bucket spacing

Crab crossing in Jan 2006

crossing angle 22 mrad

Head-on (crab)

◊

◊◊

◊◊

ξy

(Strong-weak simulation)

(Strong-strong simulation)

Crab crossing may boost the beam-beam parameter up to 0.19 !

Superconducting crab cavities are under development, will be installed in KEKB in early 2006.

K. Ohmi

K. Hosoyama, et al

Lumiinosity projections for KEKB

~1010 BB/year !!& similar number

of +-

Lpeak = 1.61034 cm-2s-1

Ltot = 469fb-1

1.6x1034

469 fb-1

5x1034

~1 ab-1

5x1035

~10 ab-1

Lpeak (cm-2s-1)Lint

crabcavities

Major upgrade ofKEKB & Belle detector(>1yr shutdown)

world records !

Interaction RegionCrab crossing

=30mrad.y*=3mm

New QCS

SuperKEKB: 2010

Linac upgrade

More RF power

Damping ring

New Beam pipe

Ante-chamber & solenoid coilsto reduce photo-electron clouds

Bkg & TRG rate in futureBkg & TRG rate in future

KEKB SuperB

Luminosity(1034cm-2sec-1)

~1 50

HER curr. (A)

LER curr. (A)vacuum (10-7Pa)

1.2

1.6

~1.5

4.1

9.4

5

Bkg increase - x 20

TRG rate (kHz)phys. origin

Bkg origin

0.40.2

0.2

1410

4Shynchrotoron radiationBeam-gas scattering (inc. intra-beam scattering)Radiative Bhabha

SVD CDC PID / ECL KLM

KEKBBkg

x10 Bkg

x20 Bkg

Belle tracking with 20x background

now Bkg x 20

- low p identification s recon. eff.- hermeticity “reconstruction”

- radiation damage and occupancy- fake hits and pile-up noise in the EM

- higher rate trigger, DAQ and computingIssues:

Higher background ( 20)

Higher event rate ( 10)

Require special features

Belle Upgrade for Super-B

SC solenoid1.5T

New readout and computing systems

CsI(Tl) 16X0

pure CsI (endcap) Aerogel Cherenkov counter + TOF counter

“TOP” or DIRC

Si vtx. det. 4 lyr. DSSD 2 pixel/striplet lyrs. + 4 lyr. DSSD

Tracking + dE/dx small cell + He/C2H5

remove inner lyrs.

fast gas+Si r<20 cm

/ KL detection 14/15 lyr. RPC+Fe

tile scintillator

CKM Unitarity Triangle at 50 ab1

1(penguins) (indiv. Modes)

1(trees)

AFB(BK l+ l-)[q2] at Super Belle

• Assume 1 year of running at 5x1035/nb/sec 5/ab integrated luminosity, 10 billion B

mesons!!– At present, ~0.46/ab

A9/A9~11%, A10/A10~13%– A7 fixed to SM value

Belle Toy MC with 5/abC10

NP

C9NP

Donut : B(BXsll) with140/fb + 100/fb

AFB K*ll with 5/ab

Determine location of the zero crossing

Possible schedule for Super B

2004 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

KEKB SuperKEKB>1000fb-1

Calendar year

Crab cavity

KEKBmachine

SuperKEKB const.

J-PARC 1 construction ILC constructionConstruct.fund

“Minor” upgrade “Major” upgradeBelle

Operationfund

T2K

budget for Super B

J-PARC constructionends here

A “balanced” world program for HEP

Newphysics

Quark sectorLepton sectorEn

ergy

fron

tier

experiments,g-2, e, etc.

Super B factory, LHCb, K experiments etc.

LHC, ILC

mass and mixing,CPV, and LFV

Mass spectrum,interactions

Flavor mixing,CP phases

LFV, CPV

Final comment

The most important single contributing element to whatever success Belle & KEKB has had to date has been the stimulating & enervating competition with BaBar and PEP-II.

Belle & KEKB people sincerely hope this very productive competition will continue.

Backup Slides

.“Observation” of Direct CP violation in BK- +

One more nail in the Superweak coffin.

Evidence for BK0 K (hadronic bd s s processes)

Belle@250 fb-1

_

Measurements of B K0 K0 CPV at Super B will be possible.

Super KEKB parameters