18 May 2006D. W. Miller, Chicago1 High-Energy Axion Detection: Probing hadronic axions with the CAST...

18 May 2006 D W Miller Chicago 1

High-Energy Axion Detection Probing hadronic axions with

the CAST calorimeter

I Origin of hadronic axion models and constraints

II Axion emission by nuclear de-excitation

III The CAST γ-calorimeter amp results

Juan I Collar David W Miller Joaquin D VieiraThe University of Chicago


KSVZTree-level couplings to quarks

suppressedrarr Evades constraints of DFSZ model

rarr Nucleon coupling still possible

Origin of hadronic axions

bull The PQ Weinberg amp Wilczek axion was pinned to the weak scale resulting in ma~ 01-1 MeVndash Quickly ruled out experimentally

(eg quarkonium and kaon decays)

bull New models developed to evade such constraintsndash Adjustment of the PQ scale (fa rarr gt106 GeV)ndash Modification of couplings

DSFZAxion couples to Fermions and photons

rarr Less experimentally favored


Hadronic axion window

bull SN1987A hadronic axion constraints (via gaNN)ndash For ~10-2 lt malt ~2-5 eV axions

would have carried away too much energy from SN1987a

bull The so-called ldquohadronic axion windowrdquo is ~2-5 lt malt ~20 eV

ldquoExperiments probing distinct properties of axions

even if redundant in the context of a particular

model provide independent constraints on theories incorporating the PQ

symmetryrdquo[1]Telescopelab limits in

gaγγ vs ma space[1] F T Avignone III et al PRD37 618 (1988)


Axion-nucleon coupling gaNN

bull gaNN derives from axion-light meson mixing

ndash independentindependent of the U(1)PQ charges that are implicit in KSVZ (ie hadronic) axion models

bull As a pseudoscalar object carries JP = 0- 1+ 2- hellipndash M1 nuclear transitions could (should) emit axions

bull Axion-nucleon coupling explicitly as

Where g0 and g3 are the isoscalar and isovector axial-current contributions respectively

aggi

agiL

NN

NaNNNaNN

)(

3305

5


Nuclear de-excitation via axionsbull For anyany (eg thermally)

excited M1 nuclear transition

drrrNDrdE

dΦ sunR

aEa

a 2

02 4 )(

4

1

]s [g 1 1-1-

τBNN a

Na

2

10

10

3

)(212

1

gg

k

kaa

DD = Gaussian DopplerBroadening term

Axion emission per gram solar mass per sec

BB = the Boltzmann factor for thermally excited nuclear state

NNNN = density of the isotope

Axion-photon branching ratio

ττγγ = lifetime of excited nuclear state

ALL of the decay channel-specific axion physics is

contained in β and η rarr

nuclear structure dependent terms


Decay channels and signal

bull A few M1 transition decays available from solar core p + d rarr 3He + a (55 MeV) 7Li rarr 7Li + a (048 MeV) 23Na rarr 23Na + a (044 MeV)

bull Give mono-energetic axions at the decay energyndash Detector signal will of course

include effects such as escape peaks (for Ea gt 12 MeV)

bull γ-ray energy axions have improved probability of conversion for a helioscope

22

22 )cos(21

)2(aaa EqL

q

BgP

Low-E axions(5 keV)

High-E axions(1-60 MeV)


The CAST high-energy calorimeter

Detector design goalsbull Maximize sensitivity to γ-ray

conversion photonsndash A dense crystal works

well

bull Maintain minimalist design due to CAST constraintsndash Minimal lead shielding +

muon veto

bull Search for several decay several decay channels and other possible channels and other possible new pseudoscalar bosonsnew pseudoscalar bosonsndash So maintain good photon

efficiency amp dynamic range for E gt 100 MeV

Chicago calorimeter

adjustable platform for alignment

MicroMegas Detector (transparent above

~102 keV)X-ray Telescope


Large scintillating crystal (CdWO4)

Very pure amp high efficiency Low-background PMT Offline particle identification Env radon displacement Plastic muon veto Thermal neutron absorber Low 02 MeV energy threshold ~100 MeV dynamic range Compact XIA Polaris - Digital

Gamma Spectrometer

CWO PMT Power

Lead shielding

Low-backgroundAncient Lead

Plastic scintillatorMuon veto

22 cm58 cm



Front ViewFront View

Side ViewSide View

~4~4Plastic Muon Plastic Muon

VetoVeto

CWO CWO CrystalCrystal

Light Light guideguide

Brass support Brass support tubetube

Shielded Shielded electronicselectronics

Ultra-low bckg PbUltra-low bckg Pb

GammasGammas(from magnet bore)(from magnet bore)

Pb shieldingPb shieldingMuon veto PMTMuon veto PMT

Characteristic pulse

~16srate~4 Hz

Radon Radon displ amp displ amp borated borated thermalthermal

n absorbern absorber

Large CWO (good Large CWO (good particle ID radiopure particle ID radiopure efficient)efficient)

Low-BCKG Low-BCKG PMTPMT

22 cm

58 cm


Particle identification

α γ separation from detector calibrations

αγ

We actually expect very

few α events since CWO so pure


A Data acquisitionndash Digital waveform acquisition 40 MHzndash Muon veto coincidence rejection (95

of μ events)

B Offline processingndash Livetime calculation via LED pulserndash Particle identification cutsndash Correction for detector systematics

(temp position)ndash BCKG 210-6 cm-2 s-1 kev-1

C Background subtractionD Limits on possible anomalous events

ndash Look for Gaussian signals at low energies

ndash Look for complex signal shape (including photon escape peaks) at higher energies

Calorimeter data and operation


bull Signal Gaussian peaks E lt 10 MeVndash E gt 10 MeV the

functional changes due to photonuclear reactions

bull Obtain 95 CL (2σ) for allowed anomalous events at each energy

bull Any signal after subtraction could be a hint towards new physicshellip

Tracking dataBackground data

Best fit (signal)Best fit (bckg)Best fit (sig+bckg)

95 CL peak

Looking for evidence in the data


bull This is trickyhellipndash Production mechanism

(generally) relies on nuclear coupling

ndash Detection mechanism relies on photon coupling

bull It is possible but unlikely that there are cancellations in the PQ symmetry that cause gaγγ~0 but gaNN ne 0 hellipin which case we can stop talking now [2]

aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(

To derive this limit we must (a)(a) calculate the expected axion flux or (b)(b) make an assumption about

what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(

Limits on axion physics

[2] D B Kaplan Nucl Phys B260 215 (1985)

(a) In order to calculate Фa

a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r

Гa Гγ most difficult p + d rarr 3He + a we have

concentrated most on this reactionhellipassumption (b) used now direct calc

7Li rarr 7Li + a 23Na rarr 23Na + a

Calcs in progress


Improved ldquolimitsrdquo using

max Φa assumption for 55 MeV axion

Self-consistent improved limits possible for several energies of interest eg 55 MeV by using Фa MAX hellip but we are in

the process of calculating Фa for several channels

(b) Assume Фa MAX aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(

Results from the calorimeter 55 MeV(a) Of course we want an

expression for Фa bull η β almost impossible to calculate (3-body nuclear decay)bull Perhaps we can simplify the expression Not sure yet


Conclusions

bull Axion-nucleon coupling will give rise to axion-emission through M1 transitions

bull We have built a gamma-ray detector that is sensitive to several axion decay channels

bull In a generic search in the range 03 ndash 60 MeV no statistically significant signal has been seen

bull To correctly set limits on the axion parameters (fPQ) more careful calculations of nuclear structure dependent parameters are necessaryhellipIN PROGRESS


Backup slides


Details for this data set

Data taking period (2004) 1509 ndash 0811

Total Running TimeTotal Running Time 1257 hrs (53 days)1257 hrs (53 days)

Tracking TimeTracking Time 603 hrs (25 days)603 hrs (25 days)

Total Background Time 898 hrs (37 days)

Normalized Background TimeNormalized Background Time 1173 hrs (5 days)1173 hrs (5 days)

Systematics Time (valves open quencheshellip) 299 hrs (12 days)

Ratio Norm BCKG to Total BCKG 013


Data processing and results

Data treatmentData treatment

ResultResult

data data keptkept

BCKG BCKG Count rate Count rate

(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ

03-50 MeV03-50 MeV (cm(cm-2 -2 secsec-1-1))

Raw data 100 382 0263

Anti-coincidence with muon veto 634 242 0167

Recursive 40K peak gain shifting

(temperature correlated)634 242 0167

PSD analysis and cuts

(incl removal of livetime pulser)374 143 01

FULL DATA TREATMENTFULL DATA TREATMENT 374374 143143 0101


1

1 10

MCNP calculated full-energy (peak)efficiency for collimated axion-induced gammas

CdWO4(r=215l=12)CdWO4(r=215l=75)CdWO4(r=215l=5)

pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)

chosen size (cost and self-absorption also an issue)0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28

CWO crystal (l=75cm) in Pb shielding (R=475cm)response to 1 MeV isotropic bckg

and collimated axion beam signal (MCNP MonteCarlo)

peak bckgtotal bckgsignal

in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)

signal noiseworse for larger r -gt

001

01

1

1 10

efficiency for different crystals

BGO(r=215l=12)C6F5I(r=215l=20)BaF2(r=215l=12)YAGCe(r=215l=12)YAPCe(r=215l=12)

GSOCe(r=215l=12)NaI(r=215l=12)CdWO4(r=215l=12)LSO(r=215l=12)PWO(r=215l=12)

full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)

Crystal selection and Monte Carlo

bull Tested CWO BGO BaF2

bull MC CWO BGO BaF2 PWO YAG LSO NaIhellip


Detector Parameters

Resolution versus energy Efficiency for full energy deposition


Energy Spectrumbull Without position normalized background

datandash Apparent agreement butbut systematic effect systematic effect

due to the pointing positiondue to the pointing position of the magnet as in TPC

bull With position normalizationndash Error bars increase by factor x2ndash Systematic effect of position is removed effect of position is removed


Software cuts

bull Use γ calibrations to determine software cutsndash Keep 997

bull Of the events above 300 keVhellipthreshold set due to noise events + BCKG

bull Set cuts forndash Energy

ndash Shape of Pulsebull PID = pulse identification

parameter

ndash Pulse rise time


Look for evidence buried in databull Signal mono-energetic peaks

below 10 MeVndash Width determined by measured

detector resolutionbull Obtain 95 CL (2σ) for

allowed anomalous events at each energy

bull Above 10 MeV the functional form used becomes more complex (effect of photonuclear reactions)

bull Dedicated search for specific energy including escape peaks in fit yields better sensitivity than simple gaussian and full-E efficiency (a first-order approach)

Example illustrated here iExample illustrated here is s emission at 55 MeV emission at 55 MeV

(p + d (p + d He + a hellip a He + a hellip a )) G Raffelt and L Stodolsky Phys Lett B119 323 (1982)


Residual spectraDifference between signal (solar tracking) and background

Low energy03 ndash 3 MeV

Mid energy3 ndash 10 MeV

High energy10 ndash 50 MeV

3 energy regions to allow for different binning based on detector resolution


From counts to photons

bull Use the 95 CL allowed counts at each energy and convolve withndash Detector efficiency (ε)

ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts

High-Energy Axion Detection Probing hadronic axions with the CAST calorimeter




Nuclear de-excitation via axions



Slide 8

Slide 9





Results from the calorimeter 55 MeV

Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts

Look for evidence buried in data

Residual spectra Difference between signal (solar tracking) and background



KSVZTree-level couplings to quarks

suppressedrarr Evades constraints of DFSZ model

rarr Nucleon coupling still possible


bull The PQ Weinberg amp Wilczek axion was pinned to the weak scale resulting in ma~ 01-1 MeVndash Quickly ruled out experimentally

(eg quarkonium and kaon decays)

bull New models developed to evade such constraintsndash Adjustment of the PQ scale (fa rarr gt106 GeV)ndash Modification of couplings

DSFZAxion couples to Fermions and photons

rarr Less experimentally favored


















aggi

agiL

NN

NaNNNaNN

)(

3305

5




drrrNDrdE

dΦ sunR

aEa

a 2

02 4 )(

4

1

]s [g 1 1-1-

τBNN a

Na

2

10

10

3

)(212

1

gg

k

kaa
















22

22 )cos(21

)2(aaa EqL

q

BgP

Low-E axions(5 keV)






well


muon veto



Chicago calorimeter







Gamma Spectrometer

CWO PMT Power

Lead shielding



22 cm58 cm




Side ViewSide View


VetoVeto









~16srate~4 Hz





22 cm

58 cm




αγ





of μ events)














95 CL peak







aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(


what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(




a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r




Calcs in progress







γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts





















aggi

agiL

NN

NaNNNaNN

)(

3305

5




drrrNDrdE

dΦ sunR

aEa

a 2

02 4 )(

4

1

]s [g 1 1-1-

τBNN a

Na

2

10

10

3

)(212

1

gg

k

kaa
















22

22 )cos(21

)2(aaa EqL

q

BgP

Low-E axions(5 keV)






well


muon veto



Chicago calorimeter







Gamma Spectrometer

CWO PMT Power

Lead shielding



22 cm58 cm




Side ViewSide View


VetoVeto









~16srate~4 Hz





22 cm

58 cm




αγ





of μ events)














95 CL peak







aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(


what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(




a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r




Calcs in progress







γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts







drrrNDrdE

dΦ sunR

aEa

a 2

02 4 )(

4

1

]s [g 1 1-1-

τBNN a

Na

2

10

10

3

)(212

1

gg

k

kaa
















22

22 )cos(21

)2(aaa EqL

q

BgP

Low-E axions(5 keV)






well


muon veto



Chicago calorimeter







Gamma Spectrometer

CWO PMT Power

Lead shielding



22 cm58 cm




Side ViewSide View


VetoVeto









~16srate~4 Hz





22 cm

58 cm




αγ





of μ events)














95 CL peak







aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(


what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(




a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r




Calcs in progress







γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts










22

22 )cos(21

)2(aaa EqL

q

BgP

Low-E axions(5 keV)






well


muon veto



Chicago calorimeter







Gamma Spectrometer

CWO PMT Power

Lead shielding



22 cm58 cm




Side ViewSide View


VetoVeto









~16srate~4 Hz





22 cm

58 cm




αγ





of μ events)














95 CL peak







aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(


what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(




a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r




Calcs in progress







γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts








well


muon veto



Chicago calorimeter







Gamma Spectrometer

CWO PMT Power

Lead shielding



22 cm58 cm




Side ViewSide View


VetoVeto









~16srate~4 Hz





22 cm

58 cm




αγ





of μ events)














95 CL peak







aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(


what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(




a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r




Calcs in progress







γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts







Gamma Spectrometer

CWO PMT Power

Lead shielding



22 cm58 cm




Side ViewSide View


VetoVeto









~16srate~4 Hz





22 cm

58 cm




αγ





of μ events)














95 CL peak







aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(


what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(




a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r




Calcs in progress







γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts






Side ViewSide View


VetoVeto









~16srate~4 Hz





22 cm

58 cm




αγ





of μ events)














95 CL peak







aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(


what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(




a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r




Calcs in progress







γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts







αγ





of μ events)














95 CL peak







aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(


what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(




a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r




Calcs in progress







γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts






of μ events)














95 CL peak







aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(


what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(




a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r




Calcs in progress







γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts











95 CL peak







aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(


what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(




a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r




Calcs in progress







γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts









aaa

γaγγ

mPg

)(


what it is

aγγaaaγ gP m 2)(




a

total

M12

1

4

1

Ea r




Calcs in progress







γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts










γaγγ

mPg

)(




Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts





Conclusions






Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts





Backup slides













ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts
















ResultResult

data data keptkept


(Hz)(Hz)

Integ Integ ΦΦ


Raw data 100 382 0263








1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts





1

1 10



pe

ak

effi

cie

ncy

E (MeV)


50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

16 18 2 22 24 26 28




in

cre

ase

re

lativ

e to

R=

17

5 c

m

crystal radius (cm)

(slig

htly

larg

er

than

bor

e)


001

01

1

1 10




full-

ener

gy e

ffici

ency

(1

= 1

00

)

gamma energy (MeV)

(beh

ind

LSO

)





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts





Detector Parameters








Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts










Software cuts





parameter




















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts






















ndash livetime (t)

γt

detlivetime

counts








Slide 8

Slide 9






Conclusions

Backup slides




Detector Parameters

Energy Spectrum

Software cuts




18 May 2006D. W. Miller, Chicago1 High-Energy Axion Detection: Probing hadronic axions with the CAST...

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Transcript of 18 May 2006D. W. Miller, Chicago1 High-Energy Axion Detection: Probing hadronic axions with the CAST...