Αποτελεσματικός Ηγέτης
of 136
description
Πώς να είστε ένας αποτελεσματικός ηγέτης.
Transcript of Αποτελεσματικός Ηγέτης
-
: 65109
, 2012
-
- - 2
, 2012
, 62, () ,
( ) ,
.
-
- - 3
....................................................................................5
......................................................................7
..................................................................................................................9
ABSTRACT................................................................................................................10
: ............................................................11
: ...................................12
......................................................................12
1. ............................................................................................13
2. ....................................................................................14
3. ..............................................15
4. ...................................................................................18
: ...........................................20
.................................................................................................................20
1. ..........................................................................................20
2. ......................................................................23
- .................................................30
........................................................................................32
..................................35
3. .............................................................................47
.....................................47
.......................51
....................................................................................................................56
: ..............................................................58
: ......................................................59
1. ......................................................................................................59
-
- - 4
2. ....................................................................................................60
......................................................................................62
3. ................................................................................66
4. ..............................................................................................74
: TA - ..........................................76
1. .......................................................76
............................................................76
........................................................84
.....................................................................89
2. ........................................................104
3. ...................................................................................109
: - .........................................112
........................................................................125
........................................................................127
: ..............................................132
: ............................................................133
: .............135
-
- - 5
1: ...................................................................55
2: ................................................................................61
3: ...................77
4: ...................................78
5: 78
6: ......................................79
7: , .............................................80
8: ,
......................................................................................................................................81
9: , ,
...............................................................................................81
10: ..................82
11: .....................84
12: ..........................85
13: ...................................................................................................87
14: ...............87
15: .......................................................88
16:
.......................................89
-
- - 6
17: .90
18: ................92
19: .............................94
20: .......................99
21: ..........................................................99
22: ....................................................................100
23: ..........................................................................................101
24:
, , ( )..........................102
25: ...............................103
26: ....................103
27: , ..................................................................104
28: - .............................................................................................................106
29: .................................................................107
30: , ........................................108
31: .............111
32: ............................................................................117
-
- - 7
1: ...............................................62
2: ..............................................63
3: ................................................64
4: ......................64
5: ......................................................65
6: ....66
7: ...................................................................................80
8: ...............................................................................................................83
9: ......................................83
10: ................86
11: ..................................................................................92
12: .........................................................................93
13:
......................................................................................................95
14: ...................................................................................................96
15:
...........................................................................................................97
16: ..........................................................97
17: ...................................................98
-
- - 8
18:
....................................................................................................................................101
-
- - 9
.
.
, ,
.
.
, ,
154 .
.
O
, ,
. ,
,
,
.
-
- - 10
ABSTRACT
The effectiveness of school leadership is one of the most essential requisites of the daily educational actuality. School improvement and achievement of the goals and the objectives an educational organization has set depends to a great extent on the school principal. His vision, his flexibility of handling, his communication skills and the general climate that he tries to create at school have as a target the satisfaction of
his subordinate teachers and the improvement of learning outcomes, as well. The purpose of the present masters thesis is to study secondary school teachers opinion on the concept both of effectiveness and ineffectiveness of school leadership. Thus, a quantitative research was carried out, using questionnaire, with the participation of 154 teachers from three junior high schools and three senior high schools in Korinthia. The statistic analysis of the results shows which leader is considered to be effective or ineffective and also demonstrates which qualifications are necessary for a school principal in order to meet his role requirements. The relationship of the sample teachers opinions of the profile of the effective principal to their status, their sex,
their experience and their expertise did not show any differentiations apart from very few exceptions. Finally, the comparison of the effectiveness of school leadership, as perceived by the teachers of this research, with the institutional context found that teachers disagree with criteria for selecting school principal, including trade union action and previous administrative experience, and the ability of the principal to evaluate teachers in his school.
-
- - 11
:
-
- - 12
:
,
,
1 . ,
, ,
,
.
.
.
(Hallinger & Leithwood, 1994; & , 2002; , 2008; , 2008; , 2010; Hallinger &
Heck, 2011).
(Hallinger & Leithwood, 1994; Cheng, 1994; Louis, Dretzke, & Wahlstrom, 2010). (Covey, 1990) (Kotelnikov, n.d.; Government of Alberta, n.d.; Ryan, 2009).
(Robinson, 2007)
1 ,
(.. , .).
-
- - 13
(Day, Harris, & Hadfield, 2001; Krger, 2009; Moos & Johansson, 2009).
( & , 2002; , 2010).
(, 1995; , & , 1997; , , & , 2002). ,
(, , & , 2004; & , 2005; , 2008). ,
,
.
.
, ,
,
. , ,
.
1.
-
- - 14
.
, :
.
.
. , ,
,
.
.
, .
.
,
.
.
.
2.
:
;
( , )
;
,
;
, ,
,
;
-
- - 15
.
3.
(2007:102) ,
,
.
.
( )
(, , , & , 2008:541).
,
, .
, ,
, .
, ,
,
, ,
,
, (, , .) ( & , 1994:155).
3848/2010
-
- - 16
,
,
. ,
,
( 3848/2010:2). ,
.
2011-2012
.
;
.
.
,
(, 2010:1). .
(, 1999: 160). ,
,
.
, , .
& (2007:59) ,
,
-
- - 17
/
.
.
. ,
.
,
,
.
,
,
.
. ,
,
, , .
(, 2008:80). - (, 2008:118) , ,
.
-
- - 18
4.
.
.
,
,
,
. .
.
.
.
,
,
,
.
, ,
.
,
(154 ),
.
.
,
-
- - 19
,
.
,
.
-
- - 20
:
.
.
manager
.
. ,
,
.
.
.
.
.
1.
(management) manager
-
- - 21
.
.
(1999:35) (management)
. -
, -
(, , , ) (, 2002:45). ( )
.
(, 1999:140). Kotelnikov (n.d.) (leadership) ,
.
. ,
:
1. ,
2. ,
3. , , ,
.
(2004:209)
.
. Chemers (1997, . . , 2004:209)
, . ,
, .
, ,
.
-
- - 22
(2004:210) MBFE (Management By Feelings and Emotions) - M . (1999:165) ,
.
(2004:210) (manager) (leader) . manager ,
. .
.
,
. ,
.
.
,
, , ,
.
, .
.
.
.
(, 2004:210). (1999:140) .
,
.
, ,
.
(2004:211) , . ,
-
- - 23
.
.
-
.
, ,
, .
(2004:212), ,
.
, &
(1997:69-70) , , , ,
, .
- :
,
.
, .
.
2.
, ,
.
(2008:33), , ,
. Everard & Morris (1999:34)
(stakeholders) . , ,
-
- - 24
(Everard & Morris, 1999:171).
(Everard & Morris, 1999:37). .
. Hallinger & Heck (2011:149) .
,
(school effectiveness and school improvement).
,
.
,
(Hallinger & Heck, 2011:150).
, .
(.. ) (.. ) (.. ) (Hallinger & Heck, 2011:151-152). Hallinger & Leithwood (1994:207)
.
.
.
(Hallinger & Leithwood, 1994:215).
-
- - 25
.
(2010:21-22) , ,
, -
.
.
,
,
(, 2010:2).
.
& (2002:138)
.
.
,
,
.
,
.
Hallinger & Heck (2011:152) :
-
,
-
- - 26
-
, ,
,
-
,
- ,
,
.
(Hallinger & Heck, 2011:153). , ,
, (Hallinger & Heck, 2011:157). ,
(Hallinger & Heck, 2011:158).
(Hallinger & Heck, 2011:163). (Hallinger & Heck, 2011:167). (2010:3) (school effectiveness) (school improvement) ,
.
.
. -
,
-
- - 27
.
, ,
.
(2010:20-21) ,
,
.
.
,
.
,
( ) ,
(, 2010). (2008:76) .
) , ) ) .
.
, ,
.
(, 2008:76). ,
-
- - 28
,
(, 2008:86). , Hallinger & Leithwood (1994:208) . ,
.
:
(.. , ), - (.. , , ), (.. , ). Hallinger & Leithwood (1994:215-216)
.
,
.
Cheng (1994:310-311) .
2 ,
, ,
, ,
,
. , ,
2 Cheng (1994:299) ,
,
,
.
-
- - 29
.
,
. ,
, ,
.
, Cheng (1994:311-314)
,
.
. ,
,
.
Louis, Dretzke, & Wahlstrom (2010:316) :
(instructional leadership), , (shared leadership),
, (trust),
.
.
(Louis, Dretzke, & Wahlstrom, 2010:316). Louis, Dretzke, & Wahlstrom (2010:329-330) :
-
(professional community), .
-
- - 30
- ,
,
.
-
.
.
.
. ,
,
,
.
(Louis, Dretzke, & Wahlstrom, 2010:330-331). ,
,
,
,
( & , 2006:203).
-
- & (2006:73) , ,
.
, , Levacic
(1992, . . - & , 2006:272) ,
-
- - 31
.
.
.
Hoy & Miskel (1996:30)
.
,
.
, , ,
,
.
.
(Hoy & Miskel, 1996:31-32).
.
,
,
( - & , 2006:74).
/ ( - , & , 2006:79).
. Hoy & Miskel
(1996:41) .
,
, ,
.
-
- - 32
,
(School Effectiveness Movement), ,
.
( - , 1999:64).
.
, ,
, ,
,
. , (, , , ) ( , , , ,
, ) ( - , & , 2006:273-275). - & (2006:281-282) 1970
.
,
.
.
:
, , ,
, .
Alberta (Government of Alberta, n.d.) .
-
- - 33
,
, .
. ,
( ) .
.
, ,
, ,
.
Bass (1960, . . , 1999:140) :
1. :
.
2. : .
3. : , ,
.
. (2004:215-217)
, .
,
. ,
, ,
.
.
. .
,
,
(, 2004:110).
-
- - 34
(, 2004:162). ( & , 2005:125-126)
- - . -
.
,
.
,
. -
( & , 2005:126). ) , ) ) , ( & , 2005:127). (2004:216-217)
.
.
.
.
. , ,
.
-
- - 35
.
Covey (1990) :
1. - ( . ,
). 2. ( ). 3. .
4. .
5. ( ).
6. . 7. .
, Alberta (Government of Alberta, n.d.), . ,
:
-
- - 36
,
(Government of Alberta, n.d.), : . ,
.
, ,
() .
.
.
.
.
() . .
.
.
.
. ,
.
.
.
.
,
. , ,
.
-
- - 37
Kotelnikov (n.d.) (effective leadership roles) . . .
1. , ,
.
2. , ,
, ,
.
3. : , .
4. ,
.
. , .
5. , , .
6. , , , .
7. ,
, .
8. , ,
, .
. .
9. , , , ,
.
10. ,
,
.
11. ,
.
12. , ,
, ,
.
-
- - 38
Ryan (2009) : 1) , 2) 3) . . ,
-
- .
. ,
.
. ,
,
. -
.
,
.
.
.
.
,
.
. (2010:4)
.
(professional leadership) (strong educational leadership) .
,
.
,
(2010:4), .
-
- - 39
(instructional leadership)
,
.
Robinson, ,
(Robinson, 2007:12). (instructional leadership) (transformational leadership) .
.
,
(Robinson, 2007:13). . Robinson (2007:13-15) :
1. .
2. .
3. , , .
4.
.
5. .
Robinson (2007:16) ,
.
,
. -
.
.
-
- - 40
Krger (2009:119) ,
. (Krger, 2009:120-121)
:
1. . ,
,
.
2. .
( ), ,
.
3. .
(, , , ) .
4. .
.
: - , -
, , .
5. .
: ( ,
), , .
, ,
, , Moos & Johansson (2009:776)
.
.
, , ,
-
- - 41
(stakeholders). .
.
.
(Moos & Johansson, 2009:776). (2010:7) (, , , , , ) :
) , ,
) ,
) ,
/ , .
(1995)
.
.
(, 1995:182). : ,
, (1)
, (2) , (3)
. ,
(, 1995:183-184).
-
- - 42
, & (1997)
90%
:
.
, -
, ,
, ,
, ,
.
, , & (2002)
.
.
(, , & , 2002:75).
: ) , ) (, , ) ) ,
.
.
,
.
( )
-
- - 43
(..., .....) (, , & , 2002:80-83).
:
,
.
,
.
,
.
- , , -
.
,
,
.
(, , & , 2002:84-90). (2008:77-78)
,
.
,
(, 2008:80). ,
,
-
- - 44
.
.
,
,
(, 2008:84).
.
& (2002:138-139) :
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
, .
.
.
, .
.
-
- - 45
Day, Harris, & Hadfield (2001:52-53)
, ,
. :
(1) .
(2) .
(3) .
(4) , ,
.
(5) .
.
(6) ,
.
,
.
Covey (. . UC Santa Cruz Educational Partnership Center, n.d.) :
1. ( , , ).
2. ( , ).
3. . 4. - (
). 5. ( ). 6. (
).
-
- - 46
7. ( , , . (UC Santa Cruz Educational Partnership Center, n.d.).
(2007) () , , ,
( ), , ,
(.. , ) , .
,
. .
.
, , & (2004:39) .
.
, , &
, 2004:39). .
(, , & , 2004:40). & (2002:153)
. ,
-
- - 47
.
.
.
3.
12 3848/2010 :
) , : ) ,
) , , .
) , .
) ,
3.
14
(.3848/2010). ,
3 29, 3 ( 1 12) ,
,
.
-
- - 48
, ( ), , .
, ,
,
,
,
.
(.3848/2010, 11, 9)
.
,
.
,
.
-
,
( ). , (2003:285) ,
.
,
( 3 14 .3848/2010, 4 & 5 13 ). :
, ,
, , ,
-
- - 49
,
, ,
.
, ,
.
(......, 2011),
, ,
, , .
,
.
(......, 2011)
:
1. / :
- , ,
, , ,
.
- ,
, ,
, .
- ,
.
2. - :
- , , , ,
, , ,
.
-
- - 50
- ,
, .
3. / /
:
- , , , , ,
, , , ,
( ). (2010:21-22)
, ,
.
.... (2010), ,
.
(.3848/2010, 13, 4) ,
( 3848/2010:1).
.
.
,
, .
,
.
( 13, 5 .3848/2010),
,
-
- - 51
.
.
(. 3467/2006) ,
,
,
( 3 14 .3848/2010, 4 & 5 13 ).
.
,
- ,
- . ,
(2004:175-176),
, ,
( 2 27 .353.1/324/105657/1/08-10-2002/ 1340/16-10-2002).
:
.
-
- - 52
,
,
.
, .
.
.
, ,
, .
. ,
, ,
. ( 27 .353.1/324/105657/1/08-10-2002/).
,
28 , , , ,
. ,
,
, .
(.. ...), , , ,
.
(stakeholders).
.
-
- - 53
, (.., 28).
( 29 .353.1/324/105657/1/08-10-2002/)
,
.
.
.
.
. ,
( 30 .353.1/324/105657/1/08-10-2002/).
,
( 31 .353.1/324/105657/1/08-10-2002/).
,
( 32 .353.1/324/105657/1/08-10-2002/).
,
,
. 28 , ,
-
- - 54
,
,
.
.
.
, 28
.353.1/324/105657/1/08-10-2002/, , ,
,
,
,
.
(.., 27) (.., 28). , , ,
.
,
.
.
( 1) ,
.
-
- - 55
1:
.3848/2010, 14 .353.1/324/105657/1/08-10-2002/
-
( , , )
,
-
- - 56
.
.
,
.
,
,
.
, ,
,
.
, ,
. ,
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
-
- - 57
;
.
,
.
-
- - 58
:
-
- - 59
:
1.
-
(Robson, 2010:270).
- .
. Robson (2010:275)
, ,
.
, , .
,
(Robson, 2010:275), , ,
.
.
Robson (2010:117-118) .
, ,
, .
,
,
(Robson, 2010:118).
-
- - 60
(Cohen & Manion, 1997:122). ,
, ,
(Cohen & Manion, 1997:124).
2.
(Robson, 2010:308). ,
(Robson, 2010:284).
,
(Robson, 2010:309). (1993:15)
.
,
(Robson, 2010:309).
,
. ,
.
,
,
,
.
,
. 154 . 1
, 1 ,
-
- - 61
2 , 2 2
.
,
,
. Bird, Hammersley, Gomm, & Woods (1999:354)
,
, , .
Cohen & Manion (1997:130) , ,
.
( 2) .
2:
()
( )
1
32 25 23/3/2012
2 2
27 25 22/3/2012
3 1
30 29 23/3/2012
4 2
24 18 26/3/2012
5 1
31 18 28/3/2012
6 2
45 39 28/3/2012
: 6 189 154
-
- - 62
154 . 153 63 90 ( 1). ,
, , .
1:
41,2%
58,8%
153 2,6% 30 15% 31-40 . (49%) 41-50 , 2/3 (33,3%) 51 ( 2). .
,
,
.
-
- - 63
2:
302,6%
31-4015,0%
41-5049,0%
51 33,3% 30
31-4041-5051
1
(25%) 10 , 2 (50%) 19 , 3 (75%) 25 4 (100%) 35 . 19 , (18,1 ). ,
50% (, 1990:72), 10 25 .
.
( 3) (26,4%) 10 , (32,4%) 11 20 . (33,8%) 21 30 . 7,4% 31 .
.
-
- - 64
3:
1-10 26,4%
11-20 32,4%
21-30 33,8%
31 7,4%
1-10 11-20 21-30 31
145 1/3 (31,7%), (23,4%) (7,6%) (7,6%).
45% ( 4). , ,
.
4:
31,7%
23,4%
44,8%
-
- - 65
154 6 , 4% , 7 , 5% .
140
( 91,5%) ( 5).
5:
3,9%
4,6%
91,5%
(mean) 8,17 , 7,5 . ( 6) , 1 20 .
,
,
.
-
- - 66
6:
1 2
5
10 11
20
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4 5 6
3.
( ) -
(Robson, 2010:349). Likert, 1-7, 1
7 . (1999:279)
. Likert,
(, 1999:279) . ,
,
(33) .
1,
, 7,
.
-
- - 67
, , .
.
,
,
. ,
, (2008:43) ,
.
,
() , ,
.
,
() .
,
.
( 3848/2010).
( 3467/2006),
,
.
.
.
.
-
- - 68
-
.
,
. -
( 3848/2010) ( .... .353.1/324/105657/1/2002). (Robson, 2010:285)
.
.
,
,
.
:
.
.
, , .
, .
.
.
,
.
.
( ). :
-
- - 69
.
,
.
,
.
.
,
, ,
. ,
() ,
.
.
- (.. , .),
.
,
,
- .
-
.
-
- - 70
,
, -
.
() . , , , ,
.
,
, .
(, , ) .
, ,
.
,
,
,
.
-
,
.
,
-
- - 71
,
.
. 33 1-7 ( - ),
,
. -
, , ,
,
, .
, .
, ,
, , , ,
.
.
,
, .
,
.
-
, (Faulkner, Swann, Baker, Bird, & Carty, 1999:73 & 90) ,
(Faulkner et al., 1999:101).
. Faulkner et al. (1999:33), ,
,
-
- - 72
,
.
.
(Faulkner et al., 1999:32) ,
(Faulkner et al., 1999:91). ,
(Bell, 1999:108). ,
,
, .
Bell (1999:108)
.
,
.
(Faulkner et al., 1999:90).
( ), , Cohen, & Manion (1997:142), ,
,
. , Faulkner et al. (1999:75-76), ,
.
(1993:119) .
-
- - 73
, ,
.
.
.
(Robson, 2010:277-278). , (in situ),
.
(Faulkner et al., 1999:102). ,
,
,
.
. ,
,
,
( 11 ). ,
,
,
.
.
,
(Bird, Hammersley, Gomm, & Woods, 1999:349). (1993:46)
.
. ,
-
- - 74
,
(, 1993:46).
, ,
,
.
4.
,
SPSS 19. Excel 2003.
,
-
.
, ,
.
, ,
.
One-Way ANOVA (, 2005:121; , , & , 2010:185-186). .
.
SPSS 19
-
- - 75
Kolmogorov - Smirnov (, , & , 2006:90-91) ,
.
o
.
Kruskal-Wallis, One-Way ANOVA (, 2005:132; & , 2008:53) (mean rank) (p
-
- - 76
: TA -
.
.
,
.
,
.
1.
(..) 1-7 ( 3).
6,3 .
,
(..
-
- - 77
,
.
3:
*
(15) 6,7 0,698
(13) 6,7 0,608
(17) 6,7 0,670
(12) 6,7 0,612,
(19) 6,6 0,748
,
(16)
6,6 0,656
,
,
(9)
6,4 1,016
(23) 6,4 0,929
(14) 6,3 0,968
(18) 6,3 1,096
* .
( 3)
. ,
, ,
-
- - 78
,
.
( %) (..) 1-7 .
6,7 ( 4). (7) 82,4% .
4:
. 15 %
3 1,3 4 1,3
5 2,6 6 12,4 7 ( ) 82,4 100,0
3/4 (75,2%) ( 5) (.. 6,7), ( 6) (21,6%).
5:
. 13 %
3 0,7 4 0,7 5 2,0 6 21,6
-
- - 79
7 ( ) 75,2 100,0
,
( 6), (.. 6,7). 18,2% 6 , 74,7% 7 ( ).
,
1-3 .
6:
. 17 %
4 1,9 5 5,2 6 18,2 7 ( ) 74,7 100,0
(.. 6,7). ( 7) 90% 6 7 (19,9% 72,8 ) . 7,3% 5 .
.
-
- - 80
7:
. 12
7,3
19,9
72,8
,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
70,0
80,0
5 6 7 ( )
%
,
,
(.. 6,6) ( 7). (20,1%) 6, (74%) 7.
7: ,
. 19 %
3 1,3 4 1,9 5 2,6 6 20,1 7 ( ) 74,0 100,0
,
(.. 6,6) ( 8).
-
- - 81
70,8% (7) 23,4% (6). (1-3)
.
8: ,
. 16 %
4 1,9 5 3,9 6 23,4 7 ( ) 70,8 100,0
5,2%
, ,
( 9). , 86,4% 6 7 (19,5% 66,9% )
(.. 6,4).
9: , ,
. 9 %
1 () 0,6 2 0,6 4 5,2 5 7,1 6 19,5 7 ( ) 66,9
-
- - 82
100,0
(.. 6,4) 6 (25,5%), 61,4% ( 7) ( 10). .
10:
. 23 %
2 1,3 3 ,7
4 1,3 5 9,8 6 25,5 7 ( ) 61,4 100,0
5,2% , ( 8),
(.. 6,3). 5 10% , (26,8%) 6 . 7 57,5% . ,
,
.
-
- - 83
8:
. 14
,75,2
9,8
26,8
57,5
,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
70,0
1 () 4 5 6 7 ( )
%
(.. 6,3). ( 9) 80% 6 7 (24,2% 56,9% ). 10% ( 5) , 6,5% .
9:
. 18
1,3 1,36,5 9,8
24,2
56,9
,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
2 3 4 5 6 7 ()
%
-
- - 84
1-7
( 11).
4.
11:
*
(4) 1,6 1,257
(3) 2,1 1,675
(32) 2,3 1,584
(28) 3,1 1,707
(29) 3,3 1,758
(31)
3,5 1,771
* .
.
.
, Everard & Morris (1999:39), , .
,
. ,
,
-
- - 85
.
. ,
,
.
,
, , , ,
.
.
,
.
85% (.. 1,6) ( 12). 70.8% 1 (= ) 14,3% 2 .
12:
. 4 %
1 () 70,8 2 14,3 3 4,5 4 4,5 5 3,2 6 1,9 7 ( ) ,6
-
- - 86
100,0
( 10)
(.. 2,1). , ,
. 81% .
( 4) 6,6% 8% ( 6 & 7). .
10:
. 3
59,2
13,28,6 6,6 4,6 5,9
2,0,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
70,0
1 () 2 3 4 5 6 7 ()
%
(.. 2,3) ( 13). 43,7%
-
- - 87
( 1), 35% 2 & 3 . 11,3%
( 4). 3,3% ( 7) .
, , ,
.
13:
. 32 %
1 () 43,7 2 21,9 3 12,6 4 11,3 5 6,0 6 1,3 7 ( ) 3,3 100,0
( 14)
(.. 3,1). 60% . ( 4) 16,3%, ( 5-7) 1/5 (22,8%) . ,
.
14:
. 28 %
-
- - 88
1 () 24,2 2 20,9 3 15,7 4 16,3 5 13,7 6 6,5 7 ( ) 2,6 100,0
( 15) (4)
(.. 3,3). (53,9%) ( 1-3) .
(19,5%) ( 4), (26,5%) ( 5-7) . ,
,
, ,
.
15:
. 29 %
1 () 20,1 2 15,6 3 18,2 4 19,5 5 13,6 6 8,4 7 ( ) 4,5
-
- - 89
100,0
( 16) (48% 1-3)
(.. 3,5). 23,6% ( ) ( 4) , 28,4% ( 5-7). , ,
.
16:
. 31 %
1 () 17,6 2 13,5 3 16,9 4 23,6 5 16,2 6 4,1 7 ( ) 8,1 100,0
(17) ( 17), ( 1-7), .
-
- - 90
17:
*
(11) 4,2 1,846
(25) 4,3 2,113
(6) 4,4 2,099
(26) 4,4 1,801
(2) 4,4 2,111
(30) 4,5 2,008
(33) 4,5 2,074
(22) 4,7 1,649
(8) 5,6 1,501
(10) 5,8 1,435
(27) 5,9 1,215 (7) 6 1,323
(5) 6 1,293
(24) 6,1 1,304
, ,
( ) (20)
6,1 1,213
(21) 6,2 1,170
(1) 6,2 1,138
* .
-
- - 91
( 17) ,
4,2 4,7. ,
, ,
, ,
.
,
(.. 5,6 - 6,2) (..
-
- - 92
11:
. 11
13,09,6 8,2
16,4
24,020,5
8,2
,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
1 () 2 3 4 5 6 7 ()
%
,
( 18), .. 4,3. (35,6%) ( 1-3), (52,6%) ( 5-7) . 11,8% ( 4).
.
18:
. 25 %
1 () 17,1 2 8,6 3 9,9 4 11,8 5 12,5 6 23,7 7 ( ) 16,4
-
- - 93
100,0
(.. 4,4) ( 12). (34,6%) ( 1-3), (51,7%) ( 5-7) .
( 4) (13,7%).
.
12:
. 6
13,711,1 9,8
13,715,7
13,1
22,9
,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
1 () 2 3 4 5 6 7 ()
%
(.. 4,4) ( 19). 29,4% ( 1-3) , (51,6%) ( 5-7). (19%) ( 4). -
-
- - 94
.
19:
. 26 %
1 () 8,5 2 8,5 3 12,4 4 19,0 5 21,6 6 15,0 7 ( ) 15,0 100,0
( 13)
(.. 4,4). 6 7 36,2% .
,
(. 103, 26), .
-
- - 95
13:
. 2
15,1
9,96,6
13,2
19,1
13,2
23,0
,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
1 () 2 3 4 5 6 7 ()
%
(.. 4,5)
, ( 14). 16% ( 4), (20,7%)
, ,
.
, ,
,
.
-
- - 96
14:
. 30
12,7
8,7 9,3
16,018,0
14,7
20,7
,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
1 () 2 3 4 5 6 7 ()
%
(.. 4,5). (23,4%) , 6 (17,6%) 40% ( 15). ,
(.. 2,074).
, ,
,
,
. ,
,
,
.
-
- - 97
15:
. 33
9,813,1
15,0
10,5 10,5
17,6
23,5
,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
1 () 2 3 4 5 6 7 ()
%
( 16) 1/4 (26,6%) 4
(.. 4,7). , (54,5%) ( 5-7). ,
.
16:
. 22
4,5 5,88,4
26,6
21,4
13,6
19,5
,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
1 () 2 3 4 5 6 7 ()
%
-
- - 98
(.. 5,6), ( 17). 60% 6 7 (21,1% & 38,8% ).
.
,
(. 97, 16) (. 96, 14) ,
,
,
.
17:
. 8
2,0 2,05,9
11,818,4 21,1
38,8
,05,0
10,015,020,025,030,035,040,045,0
1 () 2 3 4 5 6 7 ()
%
(67,9% 6 7)
(.. 5,8) ( 20). 12,4% ( 4).
-
- - 99
,
, .
20:
. 10 %
2 5,9 3 1,3
4 12,4
5 12,4 6 26,1 7 ( ) 41,8 100,0
(.. 5,9) ( 21). 5-7.
(. 86, 10) ,
(. 103, 26),
.
21:
. 27 %
1 () 0,7 2 0,7 3 2,6 4 9,2 5 19,6
-
- - 100
6 26,1 7 ( ) 41,2 100,0
,
, 6 7 3/4 (75,4%). , (.. 6) ( 22).
22:
. 7 %
1 () 1,3 2 2,0 3 3,3
4 5,3 5 12,7 6 30,7 7 ( ) 44,7 100,0
(.. 6). , ( 18), (10,4% 4), (49,4%) (7). , ,
,
.
, ,
(. 107,
-
- - 101
29), (mean rank) .
18:
. 5
1,3 ,6 2,610,4 9,1
26,6
49,4
,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
1 () 2 3 4 5 6 7 ()
%
(.. 6,1) ( 23). (77,2%) 6 7 .
23:
. 24 %
1 () 1,3 2 2,0 3 2,0
4 6,0 5 11,4 6 27,5 7 ( ) 49,7 100,0
-
- - 102
, ,
(.. 6,1) ( 24). (55,2%) (7)
.
24:
, , ( )
. 20 %
2 ,6 3 3,9 4 8,4 5 13,0 6 18,8 7 ( ) 55,2 100,0
,
(.. 6,2) ( 25). 9 (91,5%) 5-7. ,
.
, ,
,
.
-
- - 103
25:
. 21 %
1 () 0,6 2 1,3 3 2,6 4 3,9 5 10,4 6 27,9 7 ( ) 53,2 100,0
, 80%
6 7 (22,2% 56,9% ) (.. 6,2) ( 26). , ,
,
, ,
.
26:
. 1 %
1 () 0,7 2 1,3
3 0,7 4 5,2 5 13,1 6 22,2 7 ( ) 56,9 100,0
-
- - 104
2.
Kruskal-Wallis
(28 ) (p
-
- - 105
(mean rank) ( 27) :
,
.
,
. ,
,
, ,
, .
.
, .
(mean rank) .
, .
,
, .
, ,
,
,
.
,
.
-
- - 106
(mean rank)
.
,
.
.
,
Mann - Whitney U
, (30 ) (p
-
- - 107
,
.
Kruskal-Wallis.
(1-10 , 11-20 , 21-30 , 31 ). (p
-
- - 108
,
.
(p >0.05). (, ) ( 30).
30: ,
(Mean Rank) * -
p
-
- - 109
.
3.
,
( 31).
,
.
.
,
, ,
.
, .
, ,
.
.
,
.
.
.
,
1-3 ( 1 = ), (4).
-
- - 110
.
17, 12 16 ,
,
.
.
,
,
.
-
- - 111
31:
(4)
(3) (32)
(28) (29)
(31) ( )
(15)* (13) (17) (12) , (19) ,
(16) , ,
(9) (23) (14) (18) (1) (21)
, , ( ) (20) (24) (5) (7) (27) (10) (8)
(17) (12) ,
(16)
* .
-
- - 112
: -
.
,
, ,
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
,
.
,
,
.
(10) (6)
-
- - 113
.
.
.
. ,
.
(2004:215-217) .
,
,
,
.
. ,
Moos & Johansson (2009:776),
.
,
,
.
. ,
(, ) ,
.
& (2002:138-139), & (1994:155) (2004:215-217).
-
- - 114
. Robinson (2007:13-15)
.
,
,
,
- & (2006:281-282). ,
, Cheng (1994:310-311) .
,
.
.
(Everard & Morris, 1999:39), , ,
,
.
(, 2008:139).
.
( 13, 5 .3848/2010),
-
- - 115
,
.
,
,
.
.
,
,
, .
(2008:80).
.
( 27 & 28 .353.1/324/105657/1/08-10-2002/) .
(......, 2011).
, ,
, ,
. ,
,
.
,
.
,
-
- - 116
,
.
,
,
. ,
,
, . ,
,
,
.
. ,
.
,
.
, ,
,
.
( 32) .
-
- - 117
32:
. 6,7 (15)*
. 6,3 (18)
. 6,2 (21)
. 4,5 (33)
. 6,7 (17)
. 6,7 (12)
. 6 (7)
. 4,4 (26)
. 4,3 (25)
. 1,6 (4)
. 6,4 (23)
. 6,1 (24)
.
5,6 (8)
,
. 6,6 (16)
.
6,3 (14)
. 5,9 (27)
. 4,7 (22)
. 4,5 (30)
. 3,5 (31)
. 3,3 (29)
. 2,3 (32)
*
.
5 1-7.
-
- - 118
(4) :
) , ) , ) ) .
, ,
.
5. (.. > 5)
.
, ,
.
, Hallinger & Leithwood (1994:208).
, ,
.
, & (2002:153) .
, ,
(, 1995:183-184) .
,
-
- - 119
. Ryan (2009) .
(.. 4-5)
.
(.. 1,64 < 4), .
.
.
.
( 14 3848/2010) ( .... .353.1/324/105657/1/2002, 28 29).
. (2010:21-22)
, ,
3848/2010 ( 14). ,
,
,
.
-
- - 120
.
,
.
.
.
, & (2002:80-83),
.
,
,
( .... .353.1/324/105657/1/2002, 28),
.
(.. 4-5)
( 3848/2010, 14 11 ). ,
& (2002:153)
.
4
,
.
.
-
- - 121
,
,
( 3848/2010, 14 13 ).
.
( .... .353.1/324/105657/1/2002, 27 & 28) . ,
, , ,
,
.
,
.
.
.
,
.
.
. ,
(2008:121), .
( 33 ....
-
- - 122
.353.1/324/105657/1/2002) .
,
,
,
. -
(1999:143) ,
,
.
. ,
,
,
,
1982 (, 2008:17) .
,
.
.
, .
.
.
-
- - 123
.
.
.
.
,
. ,
.
(instructional leadership), , Robinson (2007:12-15), .
.
-
,
.
.
, , 10 , .
,
,
(, 2008:138).
,
.
.
. ,
-
- - 124
,
.
.
.
.
.
, .
. ,
,
,
.
, ,
,
.
. ,
,
.
,
-
- - 125
, ,
.
.
,
.
-
, .
.
,
,
,
, .
,
.
.
,
.
-
- - 126
,
.
(, 2008:39) (Cohen, Manion, & Morrison, 2008:189). ,
.
.
.
.
-
- - 127
, ., , ., & , . (2002). . .
. , 33, 72-94.
- , . (1999). . : . - , .-. , . , & . (), , , ( 62/), (.137-186). : .
-
(.3848/2010) .
, . & , . (1994). . : - .. .
.... .353.1/324/105657/1/2002.
,
. ( 1340//16-10-2002).
, . (2007). . : .
Bell, J. (1999). , . . - . . : Gutenberg.
, . (2008). . : . , & . . , , , ( 64/), (. 15-66). : .
Bird, M., Hammersley, M., Gomm, R., & Woods, P. (1999). . (51/), . . . : .
, ., , ., , ., & , . (2008). : , . : . , . , & . (.), (.537-602). : .
Cohen, L., & Manion, L. (1997). , (. . , & . ). : - .
-
- - 128
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2008). , (. . , . , . , . , & . ). : .
, . & , . (2005). - . , 10, 121-129.
, ., , ., & , . (2006). , ( ). . : ftp://ftp.soc.uoc.gr/Psycho/Sideridis/Statistics%20%C9/Stat_Notes%20ISBN.pdf ( 19/05/2012).
Everard, K.B. & Morris, G. (1999). (. . ). : .
Faulkner, D., Swann, J., Baker, S., Bird, M., & Carty, J. (1999). . (. . ). : .
, ., & , . (2002). . , 33, 137-156.
, . (1999). : . , 1, 49-78.
- , ., & , . (2006). , . : Gutenberg.
, . (2008). . : .
, ., , ., & , . (2010). . : .
, . (2008). : . : . , . , & . (.), (.75-88). : . , ., , ., & , . (2004). .
, 9, 33-41.
, . (1999). , , , . : .
, . (2008). . : . - , & . (), , , ( 62/), (.13-38). : .
, . (2008). . : . - , . , . , . , & . (),
-
- - 129
, , ( 62/), (.27-49). : .
, . (2004). ,
.. , 17, 151-179.
, . (2007). . : http://news.kathimerini.gr/4dcgi/_w_articles_ell_2_24/06/2007_231729 ( 30/01/2012).
, . (2005). SPSS. . : Gutenberg.
, . (1999). . : . , . & . (.), , , (. 245-302). : .
, . (2008). . : . - , . , . , . , & . (), , , ( 62/), (.119-164). : .
, . (2002). . : .
3467/2006. , ( 128//21-6-2006).
3848/2010. - ( 71//19-5- 2010).
.... (2010). . .
: http://www.alfavita.gr/ank_b/ank20_3_10_1208.php ( 18/01/2012).
, . (2010). : . , 1, 91-110 ().
, . (2010). : .
, 15, 55-79 ().
, . (1990). , , . : .
, . (1993). , 1. : .
-
- - 130
, . (1993). , 2. : .
, . (1993). , , . : .
, . (1995). : .
, 20, 171-205.
, . (2004). . . : .
Robson, C. (2010). (. . , & . ). : Gutenberg.
, ., & , . (2008). SPSS 16.0. : , , . : http://www.psych.uoa.gr/~roussosp/stats/Manual_SPSS16.pdf ( 19/05/2012).
, . (2008). . : .
, . (2008). . : .
, ., , ., & , . (1997). : Manager - ;. , 83, 66-77.
, ., & , . (2007). . . .
: .
, . (2003). . : .
, ., & , . (2006). . . : Gutenberg.
...... (2011). . : http://blogs.sch.gr/nrammos/files/2011/06/entypo_aksiologisis.pdf ( 14/01/2012).
Cheng, Y.C. (1994). Principal's leadership as a critical factor for school performance: Evidence from multi-levels of primary schools. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 5, 3, 299-317.
Covey, S.R. (1990). The seven habits of highly effective people. Franklin Covey CO: New York.
-
- - 131
Day, C., Harris, A., & Hadfield, M. (2001). Challenging the orthodoxy of effective school leadership. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 4, 1, 39-56.
Government of Alberta, Agriculture and Rural Development. (n.d.). Effective Leadership. : http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/agdex1334 ( 29/12/2011).
Hallinger, P., & Heck, R.H. (2011). Conceptual and methodological issues in studying school leadership effects as a reciprocal process. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 22, 2, 149173.
Hallinger, P., & Leithwood, K. (1994). Introduction: Exploring the Impact of Principal Leadership. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 5, 3, 206-218.
Hoy, W. K., & Miskel, C. (1996). Educational administration: Theory, research, and practice, 5th Ed.. New York : McGraw Hill.
Kotelnikov, V. (n.d.). Effective leadership. : http://www.1000ventures.com/business_guide/crosscuttings/leadership_main.html ( 28/12/2011).
Krger, M. (2009). The big five of school leadership competences in the Netherlands. School Leadership and Management, 29, 2, 109-127.
Louis, K.S., Dretzke, B., & Wahlstrom, K. (2010). How does leadership affect student achievement? Results from a national US survey. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 21,3, 315336.
Moos, L., & Johansson, O. (2009). The international successful school principalship project: success sustained? Journal of Educational Administration, 47, 6, 765-780.
Robinson, V.M.J. (2007). The impact of leadership on student outcomes: Making sense of the evidence. 2007 - The Leadership Challenge - Improving learning in schools. : http://research.acer.edu.au/research_conference_2007/5 ( 22/01/2012).
Ryan, J. (2009). The Three Fundamentals Of Effective Leadership. : http://www.forbes.com/2009/04/29/vision-communication-judgment-leadership- managing-ccl.html ( 28/12/2011).
UC Santa Cruz Educational Partnership Center. (n.d.). Effective leadership. : http://epc.ucsc.edu/UserFiles/File/Peer%20Mentor%20- %20Effective%20Leadership.pdf ( 21/01/2012).
-
- - 132
:
,
.
.
. ,
,
, .
. .
( 7).
.
- ...
: [email protected] , . 6937257636
-
- - 133
:
1 7 ( 1 = 7 = )
:
1. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
4. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
6. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 7. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8.
. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
9. , ,
.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
10. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
11. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 12. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 13. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 15.
. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
16. ,
.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
17. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
18. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
19. , .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
20. ,
, ( ). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
21. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
22. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
23. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
24. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 25.
. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
26. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
27. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
-
- - 134
28. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
29. .
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
30. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 31.
.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
32. . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
33.
. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
( )
1. :
2. : 30 31-40 41-50 51 3. : .........
4. : .........
5. : 6. ( ): .........
-
- - 135
:
:
1.* . 2.
.
3. .
26. . 27. . 28. . 4. . 5.
.
6. . 25.
.
, , , 7. . 9. ,
, .
10. . 11. . 12. . 22. . , & 13. . 14. . 15. . 16. ,
.
17. . 29. . 30. . 31.
.
32. . 18. . 19. , . 20.
, , ( ). - 8. . 21. . 23. . 24. . 33.
.
* .
-
- - 136
, 8 . 1599/1988 2,4,6 . 3 . 1256/1982,
,
.
:
