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ντοματα τεχνικες καλλιεργιας
Transcript of ντοματα τεχνικες καλλιεργιας
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MSc
2008
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:Lycopersicon
esculentumMill.
:Solanaceae
()
1:
- :
,
18
.
.
.
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cherry tomato.
16
, 2
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1920
,
,
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cherry tomato:
Lycopersicon esculentum var. Cerasiforme,
.
3 cm 10-25 gr.
.
,
( 50 /
).
.
(Cluster).
.
:
3-5 cm 50-60 gr.
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cocktail. .
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C
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, .
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C
.
2:
94,8 % (Ca) 0,5 mg
3.2 g (1%) (Fe) 0.5 mg
1.2 g (2%) (Mg) 8,0 mg
0,2 g (0%) () 29,0 mg
() 212 mg
1496 IU (a) 42,0 mg
C 16 mg (Zn) 0.1 mg
- (Cu) 0.1 mg - (Mn) 0.1 mg
6 0.1 mg
2:100g
:
, , .
,
.
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cherry .
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Organic.Edunet
VarietyQuantity
(g)
No of
AuthorizationsVariety
Quantity
(g)
No of
authorizations
Ace 55VF 52 6 Lemance 3 1
Aegean 14 1 Lora 17 1Alma 66 5 Manthos 6 1
Amore 7 2 Meteor 19 2
Anath 2 1 Molina 25 2
Arletta 3 1 Mondial 30 1
Astor 1 1 Motril 71 5
Beatrice 70 3 Mountain
Spring
80 5
Beaufort 30 3 Naomi 1 1
Belladona 316 35 Napoli VF 2100 1
Big red 3 1 Naysika 20 1
Bison 5 1 Noa 28 3
Calliope 10 1 Olympe 15 1
Camelia 11 3 Olympia 12 2
Carina 20 1 Orco 3 1
Carla 5 1 Piccolo 6 1
Cherelino 22 6 Pitenza 3 1
Cherry Belle 3 3 Premium 134 1
Cherry husky 1 1 Preveza 34 1
Cherry Winner 3 2 Rally 83 10
Clodin 590 11 Red Cherry 2 1
Darline 8 2 Rio Grande 2 1Delphi 21 3 Roxane 40 2
Dual Early 5 1 S. Marzano 240 1
Dundee 23 2 Saba 7 1
Duquesa 3 1 Sakura 1 1
Early Spring 9 1 Sandin 50 2
Electra 194 14 Semina 37 1
Ernesto 22 2 Seny 8 1
Erophily 84 6 Shany 7 1
Floradade 25 1 Triana 400 1
Florina 20 1 Tyrmes 47 3Formula 144 17 Velocity 9 1
Francoise 7 1 Verona 13 1
Gabriela 7 1 Hector 7 2
Galli 1318 26 Iron 46 4
Glodin 8 2 Jakarta 9 1Quantity (g) No of authorizations
Total426776 270
3:
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2005
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21C/15C .
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24-27C,
, 18-23C 14-16
C .
10-13C 10 () - 20 ()
.
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()
.
14C
.
.
.
,
. pH 6-7.
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. 50C 25 .
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80-100 cm,
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80-100 cm. 45-50 cm.
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. ( )
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(SWP 30 kPa).
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Na+.
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39,6 (), 10,8 P (24,8 25)
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:
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(), (), (Ca), (Mg), (S).
(Fe), (Zn), (Mn), (B), ()
(Cl).
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, () .
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(Blossom-end rot, BER)
.
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,
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() 56.
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N 2,00 2,0 - 3,5 3,5
P 0,20 0,2 - 0,4 0,4
K 2,00 2,0 - 4,0 4,0
Ca 1,00 1,0 - 2,0 2,0
Mg 0,25 0,25 - 0,5 0,5S 0,30 0,3 - 0,6 0,6
Fe 40,00 40 - 100 100,0
Mn 30,00 30 - 100 100,0
Zn 20,00 20 - 40 40,0
B 20,00 20 - 40 40,0
Cu 5,00 5,0 - 10 10,0
Mo 0,20 0,2 - 0,6 0,6
%
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.
:
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Aphidius ervi
(ERVIPAR) Aphelinus abdominalis(APHILIN).
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Aphidoletes
aphidimyza(APHIDEND).
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Dacnusa sibrica Diglyphus isaea
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o Tetranychus urticae, T. turkestani
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50-90 .
10-40C (26-33
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30-70% (30-55%). 7-30 .
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.
.
,
.
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. Feltiella acarisuga
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Phytoseiulus persimilis.
15-20
Macrolophus caliginosus(Mirical-n)
o Polyphagotarsonemus latus
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). ,
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o Aculops lycopersici
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.
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o
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25-28C .
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o Pythium spp.
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Pythium.
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Pythium.
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o - Pyrenochaeta lycopersici
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: ,
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.
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o Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
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o Sclerotium rolfsii
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.
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, pH (30-35C).
:
.
o : Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp.lycopersici,
Verticillium dahliae
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.
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,
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.
o Leveillula taurica
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.
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.
.
o Fulvia fulva (Cladosporium fulvum)
:
.
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15-25C
(70%).
,
.
.
.
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.
.
o Clavibacter michiganesis subsp. michiganesis
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(24-28C).
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. 3 ,
.
(50C)
25 .
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o Pseudomonas syringaepv. tomato
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25C 80%.
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.
(50C)
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(30-35C) .
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o Xanthomonas vesicatoria,(Xanthomonas campestris
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,
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o Pseudomonas viridiflava, Pseudomona corrugate,
Pseudomonas cichorii, Pseudomonas fluorescens biovars I II, Erwinia
carotovorasubsp. Carotovora
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virus - TICV)
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o .
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1.8 ,
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3,5-4,5 /. 7 9 /.
:
.
85-90%
10-13C 15-17
C ,
.
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Ciufolini C., (1979). , , , .
Cuthberison, Y., (2006). Success with organic vegetables, Guild of Master Craftsman
Publications LTD, pp.159
Davies, G. and Lennartsson, M. (2005). Organic vegetable production, a complete
guide, in Association with the Henry Doubleday Research Association, The
Crowood Press, pp.350
Denckla, L.K.T., (2003). The gardeners A-Z guide to growing organic food, StoreyPublishing, USA, pp. 485
Denckla, ., (2002). , - - -
- , , .
Diver, S., Kuepper, G. and Born H. (1995) Organic Tomato Production. Horticulture
Production Guide. ATTRA - National Sustainable Agriculture Information
Service, http://attra.ncat.org(PDF 416 KB)
Dodson, M., Bachmann, J. and Williams P. (2002) Organic Greenhouse Tomato
Production. Horticulture Production Guide. ATTRA - National Sustainable
Agriculture Information Service, http://attra.ncat.org(PDF 384 KB)
Drost D. (2005). Practical Solutions for a Complex World, Tomatoes in the Garden,
Utah State Universityhttp://extension.usu.edu/files/publications(PDF 160 KB)
Parnell, L.T., Suslow, V.T., Harris, J.L. Tomatoes: Safe methods to store, preserve
and enjoy. University of California, Division of Agriculture and natural resources.
http://www.ag.auburn.edu/(PDF / 281KB)
Pears P. and Stickland S. (2001), ,
, , .
Pears, P. (2001). Encyclopedia of organic gardening, The complete guide to natural &
chemical gardening. The Henry Doubleday Research Association, pp. 416
Pittenger, R.D., Garrison, F.N., Geisel, M.P. and Unrun, L.C. (2005). Growing
tomatoes in the home garden. University of California, Division of Agriculture
and natural resources. http://www.ag.auburn.edu/(PDF / 437 KB)
46
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Splittstoesser, W.E., (1979). Vegetable Growing Handbook. AVI Publishing
Company, Westport, Connecticut
(2007). . &
, 10: 94-105 ., (1996). . .
. .
., (2003). .
. .
.. (2007). .
& , 10: 88- 92
. , & ,
, .
.., (1998). . . .
. ,
, 1999-2006.
.. (2000). , , .
-, ., -, . (2007).
. , . & ,
10: 155-163
, . (2007). . &
, 10: 107-114
, . (2007). .
& , 10: 73-84
.., (2001).
. . .
.., (1994). .
.
.., (1994).
.
-, ., -, ., (2007).
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