Agricultural

labor

&

methods

Και την υπέρτατη θεά ,τη Γη,

την άφθαρτην παιδεύει την ακάματη

οργώνοντας με τα καματερά

χρόνο το χρόνο φισοδέρνοντας

τ’αλέτρι…

Sofoklis, Antigoni

Goddess

Demeter,

Patroness of

cultivation

Cereals

1. Tilth

•Farmers start working in the end of October or

in the end of November.

•Target is to make the ground more fertile.

At first, they till the earth with

the plow , which is dragged by a

couple of oxes ,donkies or mules.

“Aροτρον αυτόγυον , άροτρον πηκτοφν”.

Isiodos

2. SowingIn this stage ,farmers

have to know ground’s

composition.

The seeds are scattered

in the field at low depth.

Then, they are spread

with a wooden rake .

Finally, farmers cover

the roots which are

undressed by the rain

and they extripate the

radweeds.

3.Harvest

It’s the collection of

the produce with the

wheat – straw.

They also use sickle

and a metal blade later.

Harvest depends on the

air’s move.

Wheats are cut low or

in the middle of their

“body” so as to be more

straw.

4.Thrasing and winnowing

•Ears with their tails are placed in a cycle on the

holy thresing floor ,an open and fenced space in an

area where the air blows.

The produce enfranchises :

From the footing of a heavy board with sharp

rocks which are dragged by animals on the

outspread ears .

From animal hoofs who step on the ears.

From wooden rammens with a sharp plate in

the downside .

WinnowingPersistent shaking in the air to lure the

straw from the produce ,counter to the air.

Done by the winnowing basket .

The good winnowing depends on the

air’s “breath”.

5.Milling

It’s almost exclusively a

women job.

They use a manual mill

or a mortar with wooden

or stony rammers.

6. Viticulture

Vine

harvest

Climates plowed in

autumn, pruned in

winter and carried in

spring .

Harvest is made in

autumn.

MillingIn a linos the

workers press the

grapes with their

feet ,while music is

played by

musicians.

The liquid

is spilled

from the

linos in a pot

placed in the

downside.

Olive

Crop begins with tilth and weeding in winter and contimes by women who prune ,ingrain and watering the ground.

They are collected with the hand or with long limber sticks

They are melted in a mortar with beak for the deposit to lea.

Oil

Apart from its use in the food ,oil is used to produce soap , parfumes and drugs.

Honey

–

Aromatics

Having fumed the

beehives they collect

and wring the honey

through day

hineycombs or tubs.

It is the basic sweetening .

They offer it to the God’s and to

the dead souls .

Herbs

The peasants grow and work on any kind of aromatics.Cardamom CuminMintNutsedge Gum

2nd High School KilkisNektaria Tsopaneli

Stelios KotidisMargarita Margaritopoulou

Maria Nepienlidou

Teacher:Liaretidou Eleni