Y.A.P: Youth Agri-Preneurship; Global development perspectives

[email protected]

Y.A.P.:

Youth Agri-Preneurship

global development perspectives

κostas κarantininisprofessor of business administration

department of economics, SLu

Youth, Agripreneurship and the Sustainable Development Goals8 May, 2017 - 09:00 - 16:00, SIDA, Stockholm Sweden

SIANI_SLUGLOBAL_youthagripreneurship_8/v/2017 ©κosτas κaranτininis MMXVII

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what is

entrepreneurship ?


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economic, business, political entrepreneurship

En Marche! resembles an enthusiastic start-up, put together with the entrepreneurial skills of its boss, Emmanuel Macron

Jeremy Harding, London Review of Books, 2017


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WHAT is an entrepreneur ?

entrepreneurˌɒntrəprəˈnəː/

noun

a person who sets up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit.


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the origins

an entrepreneur as an ‘adventurer’, who invests in the purchase of goods and materials with the incentive of selling these in the future.

Richard Cantillon (1755)


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the Scumpeterian entrepreneur

entrepreneurs are not necessarily motivated by profit but regard it as a standard for measuring achievement or success.

Joseph Alois Schumpeter

(1883-1950)

• personal achievement

• social entrepreneurship


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economic theories of entrepreneurship

• entrepreneurship as an outcome or a phenomenon

• self-employment, startup companies

• a way of acting or thinking

• creativity, innovation, alertness, judgment, adaptation


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the two parts to entrepreneurship

1. the managerial skills needed to start and run a profitable farm business.

2. the ‘entrepreneurial spirit’.

•Managerial skills can be taught,

•Entrepreneurial spirit cannot


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Managerial skills can be taught

Entrepreneurial spirit cannot


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bill gates (1955 - ) $ 87 600 000 000

“Success is a lousy teacher. It

seduces smart people into

thinking they can't lose”


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jeff bezos (1964 - ) $ 80 300 000 000“one of the only ways to get out of a

tight box is to invent your way out”


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warren buffett (1930 - ) $ 74 700 000 000


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mark zuckerberg (1984 - ) $ 62 800 000 000

“a simple rule of business is, if you

do the things that are easier first,

then you can actually make a lot of

progress”


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elon musk (1971 - ) $ 14 600 000 000

If you're trying to create a company,

it's like baking a cake.

You have to have

all the ingredients

in the

right proportion


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steve jobs (1955 – 2011)

“Great things in business are never done by

one person. They're done

by a team of people”


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tabitha karanja, keroche breweries, kenya

• 15000 bottles/hour

• 5% market share

• broke a multinational monopoly


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yvette ondachi, ojay greene founder, kenya

• started as sales woman

• ojay greene:

• contract farming

• mobile platform

• reduces risks

• increases income to farmers


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Why youth entrepreneurship ?

• Youth population dominant in Africa and developing world in general

• Youth poverty and unemployment are key sources of:

• Youth migration

• Terrorism

• Youth education

• Youth entrepreneurship in agriculture will

• increase youth employment

• Reduce the youth migration

• Make extremism less attractive to youth and reduce terrorism


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Africa Population by age groups

(UN, World population report, 2015)


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youth unemployment S-S Africa


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• these statistics are wrong !

•governments do not record properly

•or they do not report properly

• the problem is much worse!


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facts

• people under the age of 25 in S-Saharan Africa are 3X times more often to be unemployed than adults

• this subgroup makes 62% of the total population in the region.


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YAPies ?

•78% of the youth businesses in Angola have created up to 5 (five) jobs per business.

GEM, 2016


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YAPies ?

• in Malawi, 88% of the youth businesses do not even create additional jobs.

GEM, 2016


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YAPies ?

• Almost 75% of the youth businesses indicated they were using technologies or procedures that are more than five years ago.

GEM, 2016


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YEP but not YAP

• The share of agriculture in these businesses is very low:

• agriculture, forestry and fishing together have a share of approximately 10%.

• The majority of the new youth businesses are in retail trade, hotels and the restaurant industry.


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impediments to YAP

1. Insufficient access to knowledge, information and education.

2. Limited access to land.3. Inadequate access to financial services. 4. Difficulties accessing green jobs. 5. Limited access to markets. 6. Limited involvement in policy dialogue.


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what can we do ?

•we can NOT create entrepreneurs

•because nobody can


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Insufficient access to knowledge, information and education.

• we can train those with entrepreneurial spirit

•because we know how to train people – especially the young ones

•we can train students and entrepreneurs in skills

•we can train the trainers


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Limited access to markets. • we can advise governments on enabling

institutions

• because we are research institutions

• very well versed in advising policy

• enabling environments

• access to markets

• access to the supply chain

• help-advise create open and connected chains


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Limited involvement in policy dialogue.

• we should envisage the engaged university

• the GAIA model


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target those in need most – greater effects

• post-conflict areas

• graduates from professional vocational school:

• No one left the country !

• all of them employed – some entrepreneurs

• 0 migration

• 0 terrorism


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• we can learn more from our trainees


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SLU-Global Initiatives so far

• Workshop Youth Entrepreneurship and African Agriculture, Alnarp, 23 January 2017

• Youth, Agripreneurship and the Sustainable Development Goals, 8 May, 2017 - 09:00 -16:00, Stockholm Sweden

• Visit and Workshop in Uganda by SLU Staff and students, August, 2017


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SLU initiatives

• Agri-Entrepreneurship programs in East Africa under RUFORUM

(RUFORUM - Regional Universities Forum for Capacity Building in Agriculture, established 2004, is a consortium of 66 African universities operating within 26 countries in Africa)

• Egerton University. Kenya

• Makerere University, Uganda

• Gulu University, Uganda

• Uganda Martyrs University

• SLU-Global Connect LANTMASTEREN program students with Agri-Entrepreneurship programs in Africa

• Student exchange both ways


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Y.A.P: Youth Agri-Preneurship; Global development perspectives

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Transcript of Y.A.P: Youth Agri-Preneurship; Global development perspectives