6 6 -- 2012

- 2012

( )

1

1- 3 .

1. , : . .

. , . , . .

, .

. . ( 3) 2. 5L 2 mol 1,5 mol 10 s . 10 s :. 0,5 mol.s-1 . 0,5 mol.L -1.s-1 . 0,01 mol.L -1.s-1 . 0,05 mol.L -1.s-1. ( 3 )3. : :

. . . .

.

. . . ( 6) 4. :

. 2(g) + Cl2 (g) ( 2 NOCl (g)

(=.) . .

. . . C(S) + H2O(g) ( CO (g) + H2(g) 2 mol H2O ( g ) 1L, u = k . ( 8) 5 . ( I ), ( II ) ( g ) + 2 ( g ) ( ( g ) + 3 ( g ) . I

II

A. . 0,5 mol/L. s

. . 2 mol/ L.s

. . 1 mol/ L.s

. 1,5 mol/ L.s

( 5) 21. ( 3 ) , , . / / :

) 83 + 3CI2 ( N2 + 6NH4CI ) NH3 + HCI ( NH4CI) 2NH3 + 3 CaOCI2 ( 3CaCI2 + N2 + 3H2O ) NH3 + HNO3 ( NH4NO3 ( 4 ) N . ( 8 )

2. :

: 2 + 2 ( 2 + 2 2, = KJ ( 0 ,

i) .

ii) .

iii) mol , mol mol , . 3

2 L 0,4 mol 0,6 mol . , :

.

) . (5 )) k . (10 )) 0,4 mol .

(10 )4

2 mol , 4 mol , 8 mol 3 mol .

) . (15 )

) mol , 1 mol. (10 )

:

1.

:

2 + 3 2 23 , = - 92 KJ :

) = - 46 KJ/mol) = - 92 KJ/mol) = - 23 KJ/mol) = + 92 KJ/mol2.

:

)

)

)

) .

3.

:

)

)

)

) .

4.

:

)

)

)

) .

5.

:

)

)

)

) .

25

1.

:

C (s) + CO2 (g) 2 CO (g) >0

:, .

c

( )

122.

2 2 :

3H2 (g)+ N2 (g) 2NH3 (g) , 0

) < 0

) >

) ( 0 1.2 :

2(g) + 2(g) ( 2 (g) , = + 180 kJ , , ;

)

) )

)

1.3 0,5 mol 1200 kJ, ;

) C = +1200 kJ/mol

) C = -1200 kJ/mol

) C = +2400 kJ/mol) C = -2400 kJ/mol1.4 KC ;

)

)

) ) 1.5 ;

) .) .

) .) .

25

2

2.1 .

) .

) .

) , , 0 100%.

) .

) : 2 a + Br2 ( 2 NaBr, Na .

10

2.2 CO(g) :

C() + O2(g) ( CO2(g) , 1 = - 393 kJ

CO(g) + O2(g) ( CO2(g) , 2 = - 280 kJ

15

3

3.1 ( ) :

) Na + H2SO4 (-) (

) C + HNO3 () ( ..

) CO + nO4 + H2SO4 ( CO2 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O

) 3 + 2Cr2O7 + HCl ( 2 + CrCl3 + KCl + H2O16

3.2 , 5 kg 20 C, 18 g (C6H12O6). 33 C. .

: , : c=1 cal.g-1.grad-1, : r(C)=12, r(H)=1, r(O)=16.

9

4

V = 4 L 2 mol 4,5 mol , :

2 (g) + (g) ( 2 (g) 1 mol .

4.1 . 6

4.2 C .

7

4.3 .6

4.4 . .

6

.

: (2)

!

/05/2012

/

:

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