γλώσσες
Σελίδες
Νομικός
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar Villars 2004Villars 2004
Report on the SPSC Villars Meeting
September 22-28 2004
John DaintonUniversity of Liverpool, GB
(on behalf of the SPSC)
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar Villars 2004Villars 2004
Report on the SPSC Villars Meeting
September 22-28 2004
John DaintonUniversity of Liverpool, GB
(on behalf of the SPSC)
1. Framework2. Machines and Beams3. Heavy Ions4. Neutrinos5. Soft and Hard Protons 6. Antiproton Physics7. Flavour Physics8. Other Topics9. Summary
Note 8/10/04: Overheads are here exactly as presented apart from a small number of bugs which have been fixed, and apart from the inclusion of some overheads skipped in the seminar because of time pressure.
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
1. Framework1. Framework
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar ChargeCharge
“to review present and future activities and opportunities in fixed-target physics, and to consider possibilities and options for a future fixed target programme at CERN”
globally important
realistic (beams + resources)
short, intermediate, and long term
from the SPCSPSC not in approval/rejection mode !
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
TimetableTimetable
“… groups working on fixed target experiments at CERN, and also groups which have in mind the submission of proposals for such experiments, to forward to the SPSC secretariat in due time a short report indicating their ideas and plans for the
future”
SPSC67 April 2004
11 submissions received +COMPASSDIRAC kπ atomsCNGS
committed beyond 2005}
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Submissions of InterestSubmissions of Interest
Expression of Interest to Measure Rare Kaon Decays at the CERN SPS (NA48-Future Working Group)A New Experimental Programme with Nuclei and Proton Beams at the CERN SPS (M. Gazdzicki for NA49 Colln) Electromagnetic processes in strong crystalline fields - exploring the Schwinger field (U.I. Uggerhoj for NA43 Colln)COMPASS 2005-201x (A. Magnon for NA58/COMPASS Colln)Atomic Spectroscopy and Collisions Using Slow Antiprotons(R.S. Hayano for AD-3/ASACUSA Colln)Hadron production measurements (J. Panman for PS214/HARP Colln)Possible Future Experimental Searches at CERN in Astroparticle Physics (K. Zioutas for the CAST Colln)Measurement of antimatter gravity with an (anti)matter wave interferometer (C. Regenfus, Physik Inst . Univ. Zürich)Expression of Interest: Study of dimuon and heavy-flavour production in proton-nucleus and heavy-ion collisionsAntihydrogen Laser Experiment Roadmap (J.S. Hangst)R&D for Antimatter Spectroscopy (Neutral Atom Trap (NEAT) Colln)
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Timetable contdTimetable contd
May 25-26: CERN SPL Workshop (also @ Villars)
June 5-8: High Intensity Workshop (INFN) HIF04 (also @ Villars)
SPSC68 July 6 2004
programme finalised (speakers fixed)
September 22 to 28: Villars
October: Seminar @ CERN
December: report to RB + SPC
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
OrganisationOrganisation
topic chief convener conveners
anti-protons H Bialkowska
R Batley, M de Jong
G Hamel de Monchenault
neutrinos D Wark M Doser, M Piccolo
heavy flavorG Hamel de Monchenault
S ForteJ Ritman,A Schäfer
soft and hard hadrons
U StössleinM Doser, S Forte
S Kox
Heavy Ions L Kluberg I Brock, A Schäfer
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
ProgrammeProgramme
Date Morning Afternoon
Wednesday Sept 22 CERN perspve+accelr MMWSPL
HIF Heavy Ion 1
Thursday Sept 23 Heavy Ion 2 Neutrino 1
Friday Sept 24 Neutrino 2Soft and hard hadron
physics 1
Saturday Sept 25Soft and hard hadron
physics 2 Anti-proton 1
Sunday Sept 26 Anti-proton 2 HF 1
Monday Sept 27 HF 2Other
Topics Discussio
n
Tuesday Sept 28Summary,
Discussion & Conclusions
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
FormatFormat
Topic structure
Session 1 Session 2
1 keynote speaker(s) for status and outlook including and “beyond”CERN2 includes CERN experiment and CERN proto-experiment representatives and, if essential, also summariser(s) from other labs3 focussing on future strategy4 first draft of conclusions concerning physics directions
Keynoteintroduction1
Invited presentations
with discussion2
Further discussion3 Summary4
Invited speaker
experiments all convenors
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
DocumentationDocumentation
Overheads
Submitted documents
WG Convenor summaries
Summary speaker’s conclusions
SPSC conclusions in Chair’s seminar overheads
Summary of conclusions and recommendations
written
SPSC members (= convenors + chair)
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
2. Machines and Beams
2. Machines and Beams
Aymar, Benedikt,Cervelli, Elsener,Engelen, Garoby,
Gatignon, Palladino
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Users’ View of Future:pre Villars04
Users’ View of Future:pre Villars04
USERCERN
COMMITMENT*USERS’ WISHES
Short term(low cost)
Medium term(intermt cost~ asap !
Long term(high cost: >2013)
LHC Planned beamsUltimate
luminosityLuminosity upgrades
FT (COMPASS)7.2105 spills/y
?7.2105 spills/y
CNGS 4.51019 p/year Upgrade ~ 2
ISOLDE 1.92 A ** Upgrade ~ 5
Future beams > 2 GeV / 4 MW
EURISOL 1-2 GeV / 5 MW
* Reference value for analysis ** 1350 pulses/h – 3.21013 ppp
● as heard by HIP from users
Garoby
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
UpgradesUpgrades
● beam loss irradiation @ high intensitymulti-turn ejection from PS (“island extractn”)
● period 0.6 s 0.9 s ?
> cost > worse PSB flexibility better
● intensity/SPS pulse increase CNGS flux- machine impedance (kickers, RF…) ?- injection energy ?- bunching in the PS ?
only
BenediktGaroby
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Without upgrades*Without upgrades*
2006 2007 2010 Basic user’s request
CNGS flux
[1019 pot/year]4.4* 4.2* 4.9* 4.5
FT spills[105 /year]
3.3 1.8 3.3 7.2
E Hall spills[106 /year]
1.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
NTOF flux[1019 pot/year]
1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5
ISOLDE flux [μA][no. pulses/hour]
1.841296
1.651160
1.741220
1.921350
72 bunch train for LHC at PS exit
[1011 ppb]1.5 1.5 1.5 1.3 (2**)
* w
ith
im
port
an
t ir
rad
n o
f P
S e
qu
ipt
** u
ltim
ate
beam
in
LH
C
BenediktGaroby
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
With upgradesWith upgrades
Standard(i)
CNGS x2 batch(i)+(ii)
Linac 4(i)+(ii)+(iii)
Basic user’s
request
CNGS flux [1019 pot/year]
4.7 (4.5)
7.0 (4.5) 7.5 (4.5) 4.5
FT spills [105 /year]3.2
(3.4)3.0 (5.1) 3.2 (5.6) 7.2
E Hall spills [106/year]
2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
NTOF flux [1019 pot/year]
1.7 1.6 1.7 1.5
ISOLDE flux [μA][no. pulses/hour]
3.02126
2.451722
6.22160
1.91350
72 bunch train for LHC at PS exit [1011 ppb]
1.5 1.5 2 1.3 (2*)
●(i) PSB repetition period of 0.9 s
(ii) 7x1013 ppp in SPS (iii) Linac4 injecting into PSB
BenediktGaroby
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Fixed target CNGSFixed target CNGS
FT vs. CNGS performance 2006, 2007, 2010
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8CNGS protons on target [1019]
FT
sp
ills
[10
5]
2006
2007
2010
FT request 7.2E5 spills/year
CNGS request 4.5E19 protons/yearCNGS request
4.5 1019 pot/year
FT request7.2 105 spills/year
Without changes
Double batch + Linac4
Double batch
BenediktGaroby
●FT + CNGS share SPS cycles
●impossible to meet FT + CNGS demands
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Fixed target CNGSFixed target CNGS BenediktGaroby
●FT + CNGS share SPS cycles
FT + CNGS
LHC + CNGS
●impossible to get closer to FT + CNGS demands ?
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Scope of Future OptionsScope of Future Options BenediktGaroby
interest for
LHC upgradeNeutrino physics
beyond CNGS
Radio-active ion
beams (EURISOL
)
Others
Low energy50 Hz RCS
(~ 400 MeV/2.5 GeV)
ValuableVery interesting for super-beam
+ beta-beamNo ?
50 Hz SPL(~ 2 GeV )
ValuableVery interesting for super-beam
+ beta-beamIdeal
Spare fluxÞ
possibility to serve
more users
High energy8 Hz RCS
(30-50 GeV)Valuable
Very interesting for neutrino
factoryNo Valuable
New PS(30-50 GeV)
Valuable No No Valuable
1 TeV LHCinjector
Very interesting for luminosity
upgrade.Essential for
LHC energyx2
No No Valuable
synergy
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Strategy (and action)Strategy (and action) BenediktGaroby
● start 2004/5:- PS: multi-turn ejection- increase SPS intensity (impacts all machines)- 0.9s PSB repetition
● Linac 4 design construction decision @ end 2006
● prepare decision on optimum future accelerator - study of a Superconducting Proton Linac (SPL)- alternative scenarios for the LHC upgrade
context for SPSC strategy and input
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
CERN 2004CERN 2004 Gatignon
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
North 2004North 2004 Gatignon
CO
MPA
SS
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
East 2004East 2004 Gatignon
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
North: Heavy Ions >2005
North: Heavy Ions >2005
After the long shut-down ions will be injected into the SPS via LEIR.The LEIR project has been launched for filling the LHC with ions.Filling the SPS instead will require more resources.
If the ions are required for the SPS fixed target program and if therequired resources are made available, one might expect to get:
• Lead ions from 2009 (after PS-SPS-LHC ions running-in)• Other (lighter) ions depending on LHC ion physics program.
It should be noted that many relevant non-radioactive ion species are possible ‘in principle’, but with significant preparation time and effort.Note that North Area and LHC ions are exclusive if not the same ion
Possible intensities are up to 109 Pb54+ from LEIR per transfer (3.6 sec).They can be limited in LEIR with an interlock based on a BCT measurement.Limitation of flux in EHN1 requires new TAX blocks (up to 300 kCHF/beam).
It should be noted that ion injection via LEIR for fixed targethas not yet been studied in depth. More studies are requiredat the source, Linac3, LEIR, PS and at the SPS.
Gatignon
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
North: µ & HadronsNorth: µ & Hadrons Gatignon
● M2 for COMPASS (approved)
- µ ≤ 190 GeV/c
- 2dary hadrons ≤ 280 GeV/c
- e ~ 40 GeV/c
● M2 for COMPASS (future?)
- primary p
- hyperons
● M2 intensity ?
rebuild CHF
radlim CHF
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
North: Kaons > 2005North: Kaons > 2005
● to separate or not to separate ?- acceptance: unseparated ~ 100 x separated
- tag @ 109 Hz
+ K+ : 6.2% +: 71.1% p : 22.7%
- K- : 6.8% -: 90.8% p :2.4%
> x 40 K+ /year
Gatignon
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
CERN LNGS = CNGS
CERN LNGS = CNGS
Elsener
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
CERN LNGS = CNGS
CERN LNGS = CNGS
Elsener
● beam in 2006
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
CNGS: making νCNGS: making ν Elsener
p + C (interactions) , K (decay in flight)
700 m 100 m 1000m 67 m
● largest intensity
● Eν for νe ντ
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
CNGS HorizonCNGS Horizon
● nominal (1999)
- 2.4x1013 p /extraction
- 4.8x1013 p /cycle
- 4.5x1019 p /year
eg 200 days 55% efficiency LHC MD LHC fill FT
● 2nd look (2001)
- 3.5x1013 p /extraction
- 7x1013 p /cycle
- 13.8x1019 p /year
target rods ?windows ?heating: target, horn ?shielding ??
●R&D underwayNB decommissioning cost
>> construction cost
X3 ?
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
ADAD Gatignon
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
AD >2005AD >2005
● modified extraction
● degrader foils RFQD for ATRAP + ATHENA
● decelerator ring ELENA
5.3 MeV KEp 100 KeV ?-
● injection stacking intensity x 2 to 5
● PS beam 4 5 bunches intensity x 1.25
Gatignon
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Summary: FT beamsSummary: FT beams
● North Area @ SPS diverse beams
● East Hall @ PS DIRAC + … ?
● CNGS ≥ 2006; improving intensity ?
● ions ≥ ~ 2009
● CHF ? modernisation
● CHF ? new possibilities/opportunities
(test beams !)
context for SPSC strategy and inputun
para
lleled
varie
ty
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
3. Heavy Ions3. Heavy Ions
Gadzicki, Haungs,Lourenco, Riunaud,
Satz
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPbS PanoramaSPbS Panorama
The SP[b]S Panorama
photons
J/ψ
chemistrye+e-
HBT
spectra ● expt @ SPbS + theory QGP
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
ChromodynamicPhase EquilibriaChromodynamicPhase Equilibria
● SPS @ phase transition
T
Early universeRHIC, LHC
B
Hadronicmatter
Critical endpoint
Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP)
Nuclei
Chiral symmetrybroken
Chiral symmetryrestored
BaryonDominated HG
MesonDominated HG
Color superconductor
Neutron stars
QGP
SPS
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Critical PointCritical Point
● theoretical guidance model dependent
Stephanov
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
target boxwindows
7 In targets
z-vertex (cm)
Indium beam
158 A GeV
Beam tracker station
vertex transverse coords determinedwith pixel telescope + beam tracker to
better than 20 mm accuracy
interaction z-vtx from rad hardpixel telescope ~ 200 µm accuracy
hadronic vertexdimuon vertex
(mass > 2 GeV)
Heavy Ions + NA60 PixelsHeavy Ions + NA60 Pixels NA60 - Lourenco
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Low mass dileptons Low mass dileptons
CERES/NA45
NA60400 GeV
σ
Mee Mµµ
● excess dileptons – thermal radiation ?
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPSCSPSC
● immediate (SPSC) - NA60
p+In data open charm, ρ mass, thermal radn Pb+Pb highest energy density @ SPS
- NA49jet quenching @ RHIC
high pT quenching @ SPS ? complete Pb+Pb high pT hadron analysis
then pA referencethen high pT Cronin effect
data taking now
declared interest
declared interest
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPSCSPSC
● longer term (SPSC) - chase and evaluate the critical point @ CERN
establish optimal theoretical signatures optimise experiments for signal and sensitivity
- unique @ CERN, timely even ≥ 2009, important
- ≥2009 CERN FT + LHC HI synergy
no overwhelming scientific needfor ion+ion FT < 2009
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
4. Neutrinos4. Neutrinos
Blondel, Declais,Dydak, Gilardoni,
Haseroth, Lindroos,Mezzeto, Mosca
Nishikawa, Panman,Romanino, Rubbia
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
71±571±5
Early Solar Neutrino Exps.
SNO
SuperK
Soudan II
MACRO
KamLAND
K2K
LSND
ν-oscillationsν-oscillations Wark
New KamLAND
Super-KL/E
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
EigenstatesEigenstates
232
2210 mm uniquely defines the labelling
0221 m can have both
signs:by definition, 2
32m
Normal
11
22
33
normal
0232 m Normal
33
22
11
0232 m
inverted
e.g.:
(inverse hierarchical)
(degenerate)
321 mmm
321 mmm
e.g.:
(hierarchical)
(degenerate)
(neither)
321 mmm
321 mmm
321 m«mm
2ATM
232
2SUN
221
ΔΔ
ΔΔ
mm
mm
Romanino
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
HierarchyHierarchy
~sin223
Solar + KamLAND
Super-K
Wark
● remarkable progress
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Next ?Next ?
● CNGS: OPERA ICARUS● better than hitherto (better than CKM?):
MINOS, KamLAND, Borexino?T2K νe appearancenearer, near, and far detectors
β–beam? CERNFrejus?
● θ13 pre-requisite for δ
● sign of Δm232 (or Δm13
2): crucial for Ών
● CP-violating phase δ
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Next ?Next ? Mezzetto
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
OPERAOPERA
Pb
Emulsion layers
1 mm
Plastic base
• for the full detector:2 supermodules31 walls /
supermodule52 x 64 bricks /wall200 000 bricks
56 emulsion films / brick
~2 kTon (Pb) 0.04 kTon
emulsion
9 kt-yr
Δm2=1.2x10-3 eV2 2.7 eventsΔm2=2.4x10-3 eV2 11 eventsΔm2=5.4x10-3 eV2 54 events
● ready end 2006
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
ICARUSICARUS
muon spectrometer≈2 kton Fe B=1.8 T
3m
●3 kt in LNGS 2005 ?
LAr drift
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
ICARUSICARUS
2 64 1812
2
Wire coord. (m)
DriftCoord.
(m)
Zoom View3.9 m
1.3 m
Full 2D view from the Collection Wire Plane
T600 test: Run 308 - Evt 7
●”ultimate” vertex resolution: T600 ready … LNGS
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
≡ T2K
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
beam of ＜ 1GeVKamioka
J-PARC(Tokai-village)
→ → xx disappearance
→ → ee appearanceNC measurement
0.75 MW 50 (40) GeV PS
Super-K: 50 ktonWater Cherenkov
~Mt “Hyper Kamiokande”
4MW 50GeV PS
CP violation proton decay
Approved exp (x102 of K2K)
Future Extension
“T2K” (Tokai-to-Kamioka)
“T2K” (Tokai-to-Kamioka)
LOI: hep-ex/0106019
Collaboration• Formed in May 2003• 12 countries, 52 institutions• 148 collaborators (w/o students)
Nishikawa
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
StrategyStrategy
• High statistics by high intensity beam• Tune E at oscillation maximum• Sub-GeV beam
Low particle multiplicity suited for Water CherenkovGood E resolution : dominated by np
• Narrow band beam to reduce BG
0.75MW 50GeV-PS
Off-Axis beam Super-Kamiokande
Nishikawa
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
T2K ScheduleT2K Schedule
• Possible upgrade in future4MW Super-J-PARC + Hyper-K ( 1Mt water
Cherenkov)CP violation in lepton sectorProton Decay
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SK full rebuild
T2K construction physics run K2K
2009
PS commisionning
Nishikawa
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Neutr
ino.
PPAP Mar. 25’04
…osc
illati
ons
Imperial College/RALDave Wark
Beta-beam study group
CERN: -beam baseline scenario
PS
Decay
Ring
Decay ring
Brho = 1500 Tm
B = 5 T
Lss = 2500 m
SPSISOL target & Ion source
SPL
Cyclotrons, linac or FFAG
ECR
Rapid cycling synchrotron
Nuclear Physics
MeV 86.1 Average
MeV 937.1 Average
189
1810
63
62
cms
cms
E
eFeNe
E
eLiHe
P. Zucchelli, Phys. Lett. B, 532 (2002) 166-172
Slide from M. Lindroos
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Neutr
ino.
PPAP Mar. 25’04
…osc
illati
ons
Imperial College/RALDave Wark
Beta-beam study group
CERN to FREJ USG
enev
e
Italy
130km
40kt400kt
CERN
SPL @ CERN2.2GeV, 50Hz, 2.3x1014p/pulse 4MWNow under R&D phase
Megatonne ?
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
θ13 CP sensitivity
Towards NF HorizonTowards NF Horizon
● SPL superbeam ?
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPL Proposed RoadmapSPL Proposed Roadmap
Consistent with the content of a talk by L. Maiani at the “Celebration of the Discovery of the W and Z bosons”. Contribution to a document to be submitted to the December Council (“CERN Future Projects and Associated R&D”).
Assumptions:• construction of Linac4 in 2007/10 (with complementary resources, before end of
LHC payment)• construction of SPL in 2008/15 (after end of LHC payments)
Task Name
LINAC4
Design ref inment
Construction
Commissioning
Start operation with PSB
SPL
Design ref inment
Construction
Linac4 displacement + commissioning
Start operation as PS Injector
12/31
12/30
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Linac 4 approval SPL
approvalLHC
upgradeR. Garoby
Warning: Compressor ring and detector (8 years) are not quoted Protons from the SPL ready in 2015
Gilardoni
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPL SuperBeam FAQSPL SuperBeam FAQ
Q: Why 2.2 GeV for the proton driver?A: First design of the SPL which used the LEP cavities.
Q: What about increasing the proton energy ?A: Possible up to 3.5 GeV- 4 GeV with some caveats. Energy
optimization to tune the proton beam energy is in working stage (see next slides).
Q: Is the SPL SuperBeam strongly connected with the Frejus?A: Yes, due to low energy of proton beam no way to go further
than 130 km.
Q: What if instead of a Cherenkov detector one wants to use a Liquid Argon TPC ?
A: Possible if the experts are interested in the location (meaning not going to Japan)
Gilardoni
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPL SuperBeam FAQSPL SuperBeam FAQ
Q: Why proposing the SPL Superbeam if JHF will have similar results?
A1: Unique synergy with the Beta Beam
A2: Learned from the Japanese style of working, and also from CERN style, every step carries the know-how for the next step. The next could be a NuFact.
A3: Different condition to repeat the same measurement. In particular different background.
Gilardoni
… but not first
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Proton Driver νProton Driver ν
● expensive
● likelihood improves
with synergy
● ν beam R&D for new technology
- target- cooling
(MICE)
● νe - β beam
νμ - superbeam
● ν Fact
Mezzetto
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPSCSPSC
● ν physics has noble history at CERN
● ν physics is in a new golden era - CERN beginning again pivotal global role
● CNGS commitment to ~ end of decade vital - 2006 important: COMPASS then CNGS @ end 06 - CNGS crucial up to 2011 (window @ 4.5x1019pot/yr) - CNGS + COMPASS ? multi-turn xtraction
longer running period - no compelling case for extending CNGS beyond 2011 @ realisable pot/yr (< ~ 3x 4.5x1019pot/yr)
C2GT
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPSCSPSC
● Future neutrino facilities offer great promise for fundamental discoveries (such as CP violation) in neutrino physics, and a post-LHC construction window may exist for a facility to be sited at CERN.
● CERN should arrange a budget and personnel to enhance its participation in further developing the physics case and the technologies necessary for the realization of such facilities. This would allow CERN to play a significant role in such projects wherever they are sited.
● A high-power proton driver is a main building block of future projects, and is therefore required.
● A direct superbeam from a 2.2 GeV SPL does not appear to be the most attractive option for a future CERN neutrino experiment as it does not produce a significant advance on T2K.
● We welcome the effort, partly funded by the EU, concerned with the conceptual design of a β-beam. At the same time CERN should support the European neutrino factory initiative in its conceptual design.
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPSCSPSC
● Detectors – new detector technologies are necessary to take full advantage of the physics capabilities of future neutrino facilities. Examples of needed advances are cheaper, higher efficiency, large-area, light sensors and magnetized detectors capable of distinguishing electrons from positrons. Given its central role as Europe’s particle physics laboratory, CERN should support, participate, and coordinate such technical developments.
● Further hadron production experiments specifically designed to meet the needs of neutrino experiments are essential. There are several existing CERN detectors which could, with some modifications, fulfill this requirement. This would be a scientifically important and cost-effective use of CERN resources.
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
5. Soft and Hard Protons5. Soft and Hard Protons
D’Hose, DiehlGasser, GninenkoMagnon, Malvezzi
Nemenov, PaulPolyakov, Seymour
Vestzergombi,
pivotal role of CERNThe stuff of Nobel Prizes !
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Hadron PhysicsHadron Physics
H1 ZEUS - DESY
GSI
● energy frontier colliders
● precision frontier colliders + FT
● intensity frontier
● theoretical symbiosis- lattice- ChPT
- pQCD BABAR - SLAC
CDF D0 - FNAL
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
COMPASSCOMPASS
● 1996: proposal 1997: conditional approval 1999 – 2000: construction and installation 2001: commissioning run 2002 -2004: data taking µp and µp
● precision hadron structure- nucleon spin structure (valence sea)
● precision hadron dynamics - pQCD n-pQCD (Q2 pT
2) - resonant phenomena
● into the future: GPDs and precision st. functions
gluons
ap
pro
ved
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
COMPASS ΔG/GCOMPASS ΔG/G
●finding charm
c
cσ(ΔG/G) proposal = 0.142002+3+4
σ(ΔG/G) = 0.24
-
h
hLeading process
h
hGluon radiation (Compton)
h
h
Photon Gluon Fusion (PGF)
●ΔG/G from high pT hadrons pairs
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
COMPASS Hadron (≥2004)
COMPASS Hadron (≥2004)
●PT: Primakoff
●resonance -diffractive - Primakoff - central: glue enriched (WA102 …) - D* Ds* (FOCUS, BABAR, Belle, CLEO, SELEX)
- Λc* … - Ξcc localised (cc) excitation against light u/d
fast
slow
●270 GeV p + vertex detector
●150 days/year 2006-2010
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
COMPASS beyond …COMPASS beyond …
●DIS: forward * Compton
- ∫pdf(x,t)●dt
●DVCS: * Compton- pdf(x,t)- p tomography ? partons across p
unpolarisedpolarised
d-d
Diehl
-
relevant at the time?
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
DIRACDIRAC
“atomic pairs”
“free pairs”
●ππ and Kπ “atoms” - scattering lengths - PT
● data 2001 – 2003 (PS)
● setting up 2006 (PS)
● running 2007/8 (PS)
● planning > 2008 (SPS ?)
● excess at very small
pL and pT
● experimental = theoretical uncertainty @ SPS
≠ Ke decay
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPSCSPSC
● FT hadron program remains very competitive
● COMPASS complete in medium term- ΔG/G- transversity, polarisability, spectroscopy- SPSC p.o.t. concern prioritise
● COMPASS longer term- GPD measurements would be unique
● DIRAC physics important SPS (accuracy)
● hadron resonances (pQ) in existing NA49 not compelling
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPSCSPSC
● FT 2006: optimise running
- start early data for COMPASSoptimise data-taking efficiency
- run til CNGS ready
● FT > 2006 encourage multi-turn Xtraction
● FT >> 2006- intense ν @ CERN new lepton-hadron DIS
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
6. Antiproton Physics6. Antiproton Physics
BeloshitzkyGabrielse, Hangst
Hayano, JungmannKostelecky, Quint
Regenfus, TesteraWidmann, Yamazaki
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Unique Physics at CERN
Unique Physics at CERN
● ASACUSA ATRAP ATHENA- “routine” production of H - antiprotonic He = p e -
● deceleration and capture of p
● production of H and He- yield !
● spectroscopy; ideally 1s 2s
- presently quantum state: n~30 !
-
--
-
CPT matter-antimatter
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Unique Ac DeceleratorUnique Ac
DeceleratorGatignon
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
fibers77 K
BGO77 K
antiprotons
positronsource
positron traps
antiproton traps
rotating electrode
5.3 Teslamagnetic
field
4.2 K
Harvard: Trap, vacuum, rf electronics, … Juelich: Scintillation detectors
Small View
ATRAPATRAP
● trap and detectors
Gabrielse
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
ATHENAATHENA
● annihilation of e+ and p-
- detects H
- insensitive to H velocity and state
-
-
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
ASACUSAASACUSA
Balmer lines+ Qp/Mp TRAP@LEAR
Hayano
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Cooling before CaptureCooling before Capture
+ R&D developments
Hayano
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Precision Spectroscopy
Precision Spectroscopy
● antiprotonic spectroscopy
- large n
Hayano
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Improvements: ATRAP
Improvements: ATRAP
Status: 4.2 K antiprotons are routinely accumulated cooling thru matter
Improvements?• Needed: much lower temperatures• Desired: more antiprotons to speed data accumulation• Desired: more antiprotons to improve spectroscopy signal-to-noise
Decelerator? RFQD? ELENA?• would give the much larger antiproton rate desired• small ring would fit in AD hall• new beam lines would be needed• magnetic fields from experimental apparatus • substantial cost
Gabrielse
● new experimemts AEGIS ALPHA coming
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
ELENAELENA
● A small machine for deceleration and cooling of antiprotons after AD to lower energies around 100 keV is feasible.
● One to two orders of magnitude more antiprotons can be available for physics.
● Main challenges for the low energy decelerator like ultra low vacuum, beam diagnostics and effective electron cooling can be solved, using experience of AD and member-state laboratories where similar low energy ion machines are operational (ASTRID, Aarhus; CRYring, Stockholm).
● The machine can be located inside of the AD Hall with only minor modifications and reshuffling of the present installation.
● Machine assembling and commissioning can be done without disturbing current AD operation.
Beloshitsky
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPSCSPSC
● unique and leading p physics at CERN is foreseeable
● strong encouragement to continue > 2005
● improvements in beam switching highly desirable
● variety of different measureds for CPT desirable
● continue to explore improved trapping techniques- ELENA desirable- ELENA improvement on RFQD …… ?
● synergy between experiments always desirable
● roadmap should be updated and available
-
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
7. Flavour Physics7. Flavour Physics
Ceccucci, IsidoriInagaki, LittenbergLourenco, Nakada
Sozzi, Tschirhart
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Flavour PhysicsFlavour Physics
●precision measurements of rare flavour decays probe the energy scale, and then flavour structure, of new physics- no SM tree- SM suppression- short distance dynamics
IsidoriMangano
FCNC
●experimental challenge BR~ 10-10 to 10-11
10% crucial for new LHC physics
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
The ChallengeThe Challenge
theory uncertainty
Isidori
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
LandscapeLandscape Mangano
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
“NA48/3”“NA48/3”
~80 K+ πνν
● 2004launch GIGATRACKER R&Dvacuum testsevaluate straw trackerstart realistic cost estimationcomplete analysis of beam-test data
● 2005complete of the abovecomplete specificationssubmit proposal to SPSC
● 2006-2008construction, installation and beam-tests
● 2009-2010data taking
p io
n
NA48/3 COMPASS
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
Beam:Present
K12(NA48/2)
New HI K+
> 2006Factor gainwrt 2004
SPS protons per pulse 1 x 1012 3 x 1012 3.0
Duty cycle (s./s.) 4.8 / 16.8 1.0
Beam acceptance H,V (mrad)
0.36 2.4, 2.0
Solid angle (sterad) 0.40 16 40
Av. K+momentum <pK> (GeV/c)
60 75 K+ : 1.50+ : 1.35
Total : 1.35
Momentum band pK (GeV/c)
Eff.: (p/p in %)
RMS: (p/p in %)
57 – 63 = 6 5 4
73.9-76.1=2.251.5
0.95
0.3750.30.25
Beam size (cm)Area at KABES (cm2)
1.5 7.0
2.5 20
2.8
Divergence: RMS (mrad) 0.05 0.1 2
high-intensity beam for K+→+ experiment
PRELIMINARY, WORK IN PROGRESS
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SPSCSPSC
● new rare decay frontier in K physics at CERN
● new experiments planned for Kπνν important
● support R&D now for K+π +νν results ≤ 2010- no competition … yet!
● longer term opportunity for K0π 0νν - direct competition (decay at rest)
● synergy with energy frontier @ LHC … @ CERN - B-physics - LF violation
● rare charm decay: feasibility of operating experiment (NA60) ?
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
8. Other Projects8. Other Projects
Holzscheiter,IncagliUggerhodj, Zioutas
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
MiscellaneousMiscellaneous
● CAST: astroparticle searches (from axions)best limits in window on axion mass
● AD4 p therapydosimetry and monitoring improving
● EM physics in crystalstrident production in critical field
●(g-2)μ : new experiment appropriateCERN pioneering pedigreeEuropean collaborators ?high intensity μ and ν evaluation
present CERN resource level appropriate
-
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
9. Summary9. Summary
● fixed target physics at CERN
- ≤ 2011: physics vibrant, important, leading
SPS p.o.t ? schedule/prioritise/improve
completion of hadron program essential
CNGS window before T2K
hadron production for ν physics
ion+ion ≥ 2009 (synergy with LHC)
rare flavour ≥ 2009 (synergy with LHC)
fundamental physics with p atoms (+medical)
-
increasing p.o.t
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
SummarySummary
All but HI benefit from/require high intensityRCPSB RCPS …
● fixed target physics at CERN
- > 2011: physics must be vibrant, important, leading
ion+ion ≥ 2009 (synergy with LHC) rare flavour ≥ 2009 (synergy with LHC)fundamental physics with p atomshadron structure: GPDs
dynamics: low energy, resonanceν physics: evaluation & R&D @ CERN
p-driver superbeam detectorglobal context NF
-… if appropriate ?
synergieswith otherscience?SPL?
John DaintonVillars 2004
October 7th 2004CERN seminar
ThanksThanks
“Always looking to the future, we pick up bad habits of anticipation.” Philip Larkin
to all who contributed toour deliberations
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