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Courtesy: www.buddy4study.com

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Category: NationalDescription: With the sole moto of encouragingmeritorious girl students, CBSE is offering scholar-ships to motivate them to study above class 10 withfinancial assistance for two years.

Eligibility:Candidates who are single girl child whohave secured 60% or 6.2 CGPA in class 10 CBSE,currently studying in class 11 or 12 from school affil-iated with CBSE where tuition fee is not more thanINR 1500 p.m. and also, does not raise the samebeyond 10% of the tuition fee are eligible to apply. Prizes & Rewards: The selected and eligible candi-date will get INR 500 p.m. for a period of two years. Last Date to Apply: November 15, 2017Application: Applications are accepted offline viapost at Scholarship Unit, CBSE, Shiksha Kendra, 2Community Centre, Delhi – 110092.Short Source URL: http://www.b4s.in/aj/CMS9

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SIMPLE SENTENCE COMPOUND SENTENCE COMPLEX SENTENCE

1) Owing to Therefore As / SinceOwing to ill luck, he met with ¨ He was unlucky therefore he met As / Since he was unlucky, he

an accident. with an accident. met with an accident.

Owing to heavy rains, the crops were There were heavy rains therefore As / Since there were heavy rains,

damaged. the crops were damaged. the cropswere damaged.

2) Noun Phrase and so As / Since

The teacher punished the boy for his The boy was rude and so the teacher As the boy was disobedient, the teacher

rudeness. punished him. punished him.

He was felicitated for his great He achieved a lot and so he As he achieved a lot he was felicitated.

achievement. was felicitated.

3) Inspite of / Despite But / Yet Though / Although

Despite of his hard work, he failed. He worked hard but he failed. Though he worked hard, he failed.

Inspite of being poor, he is honest. He is poor but he is honest. Although he is poor, he is honest

4) Infinitive or / else / otherwise If / unless

He must work hard to win the first prize. He must work hard or he can't win Unless he works hard, he can't win

He has to walk fast to reach in time. the first prize. the first prize.

He must walk fast otherwise he can't Unless he walks fast he can't reach time

reach In time If he doesn't walk fast, he can't

reach in time

5) Two main clauses and Because

He worked hard. He succeeded. He worked hard and succeeded. He succeeded because he worked hard.

The boy lost his bag. He started crying. The boy lost his bag and he started crying. He started crying because he lost his bag

6) Gerund and When

On seeing the snake they ran away. They saw the snake and ran away When they saw the snake, they ran away.

On reaching the destination they felt They reached the destination and felt When they reached the destination, they felt

very happy. very happy. very happy.

7) Being and so As / Since

It, being a rainy day, we didn't go out It was a rainy day and so we didn't go out As it was a rainy day, we didn't go out.

She, being honest, got the job. She was honest and so she got the job Since she was honest, she got the job

8) Having + V3 and After

Having finished his work, he went home. He finished his work and went home He went home after he had finished his work

Having seen the police, the thief ran away. The thief saw the police and ran away The thief ran away after he had seen the police.

9) Noun Phrase and that

He confessed his guilt. He was guilty and confessed it. He confessed that he was guilty.

His silence proves his guilt. He was guilty and his silence proves it. The fact that he is silent proves his guilt.

10) Prepositional Phrase Then As soon as / when

On the arrival of my friend, we shall start. My friend has to arrive then we shall start. As soon as my friend arrives, we shall start.

With this topic the book will be finished. We have to write this topic then the When we write this topic, the book will be finished.

book will be finished

11) Two main clauses and Relative Clause

I met a man. He was blind. I met a man and he was blind. The man whom I met was blind.

This is an expensive car. It was gifted This is an expensive car and it was gifted The car which was gifted by

by my father. by my father. my father is expensive.

12) Participle and Relative Clause

I saw a wounded bird. I saw a bird and it was wounded. I saw a bird which was wounded.

I am reading a boring novel. I am reading a novel and it is boring. I am reading a novel which is boring.

We have seen a one eyed man. We have seen a man and he is one eyed. The man whom we have seen is one eyed.

13) too - to and so so - that

The coffee is too hot for me to drink. The coffee is very hot and so I can't The coffee is so hot that I can't drink it.

drink it

He was too weak to walk He was very weak and so he couldn't walk He was so weak that he couldn't walk.

14) Prepositional Phrase and If

With great effort he succeeded. He put a great effort and succeeded. If you put a great effort, you could succeed.

On searching his pocket you can find Search his pocket and you can find the If you search his pocket, you can find the watch.

the watch. watch

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SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX SENTENCES

O.Srinivasa Reddy, Sr.faculty, Noble School of Banking, seenu2013@gmail.com

1. Arun walks 40m to the East then turnsright and walks 50m after that he turnsright and walks 25m and again turnsright and walks 35.Finally he turns leftand walks 15m How far is he and inwhich direction from his starting point?(a) 15m East (b) 15m South (c) 15m North (d) 15m West(e) None of these

2. W, X, Y and Z are playing Carroms. Xand Z are partners. Z is facing towardswest W is facing towards North. Thenwho faces towards east?(a) Z (b) X (c) Y (d) W(e) None of these

(3-5) A and B are brothers. L and M arecouple. M is mother of B. Z is sister ofA. Xis son of N. A is husband of N. I isdaughter of B. Zis wife of Y.According to above informationanswer the following questions.

3. How is Y related to L ?(a) Father-in-law (b) Son-in-law (c) Nephew (d) Daughter-in-law (e) None of these

4. How is T related to Z?(a) Niece (b) Nephew (c) daughter(d) son (e) None of these

5. How is M related to N ?(a) Father-in-law (b) Mother-in-law (c) Daughter-in-law (d) Son-in-law (e) None of these

(6-10) Six exams Botany, Zoology, Civics,History, Mathematics and Economicsare conducted from Monday toSaturday. Exam Economics is inbetween Botany and Zoology.Mathematics Exam should be on thefifth day after Botany. History exam isnot immediately before day ofMathematics exam.According to above informationanswer the following questions?

6. The schedule ends with which exam?(a)History (b) Mathematics (c) Zoology(d) Botany (e) None of these

7. Which exam is conducted onWednesday?(a) Botany (b) History (c) Civics (d) Zoology (e) None of these

8. Which exam is conducted on first day?(a) Botany (b) Civics (c) Mathematics (d) Economics (e) None of these

9. How many exams are there betweenbetween Civics and History?

(a) One (b) Two (c) No one (d) Three(e) None

10. History exam is conducted on which day?(a) Friday (b) Saturday (c) Thursday (d) Wednesday (e) None of these

11. If the 4th day in a month is Tuesday.What is day of the week on the 3rd dayafter 24th in that month?(a) Thursday (b) Friday (c) Saturday (d) Wednesday (e) None of these

12. Today is friday. What is the day of theweek after 1year 80 days?(a) Sunday (b) Wednesday (c) Tuesday(d) Monday (e) None of these

(13-15) In a certain code languagePic tic zic means always feel good zic sic kic means good fruit eatkic pic mic means eat always food

according to above code language answerthe following questions.

13. What is the code word to 'kic'?(a) eat (b) always (c) fruit

(d) food (e) None of these14. What is the code word to 'pic'?

(a) feel (b) always (c) eat (d) good (e) None of these

15. What is the code word to 'tic'?(a) good (b) fruit (c) eat (d) feel (e) None of these

16. How many squares are there in thegiven diagram?

(a) 5 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 6 (e) None of these17. Find the number in the place of ques-

tion mark?

(a) 20 (b) 18 (c) 24(d) 30 (e) None of these

18. Find the number in the place of ques-tion mark?

(a) 25 (b) 68 (c) 32 (d) 18 (e) None of these

(19-20) Find the odd man out:19. (a) 654 (b) 248 (c) 876 (d) 642 (e) None

of these20. (a) Germany (b) Italy (c) France

(d) Korea (e) None of these21. In the alphabets all vowels are drawn

and it is also reversed then Which 4thto the left of 8th letter from the right?(a) P (b) M (c) N (d) Q (e) None of these

22. In the alphabets all even number let-ters are drawn then Which is 3rd to theright of 7th from the left?(a) T (b) R (c) S (d) G (e) None of these

23. 3, 5, 7, 15, 27, 49, ____(a) 89 (b) 60 (c) 74 (d) 91 (e) None of these

24. 5, 7, 4, 15, 6, 32, 15, ___, ____(a) 67, 56 (b) 60, 48 (c)56, 38 (d) 65, 82 (e) None of these

25. 84, 42, 40, 20, 18, 9, 7, ____(a) 3.5 (b) 4.5 (c) 2.5 (d) 6.5 (e) None of these

26. 4 : 256 :: 5 : ____(a) 125 (b) 625 (c) 825(d) 1225 (e) None of these

27. 8 : 516 :: 6 : ____(a) 289 (b) 243 (c) 219 (d) 236 (e) None of these

28. Nose : Smell :: Tongue : ____(a) Food (b) Cook (c) eat (d) Taste (e) None of these

(28-33)

29. Uncles, Male, Lawyers30. Female, Sisters, Mothers31. Germany, Italy, Europe32. Blackboard, Classroom, School33. Fathers, Males, Children34. In a row of 45 members Varun position

is 25th from the left and Charan posi-tion is 25th from the right? How manymembers are there between them?(a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 3(d) 6 (e) None of these

35. A number is greater than 2 but lessthan 6 and also it is greater than 4 andless than 8. What is the number?(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 5(d) 8 (e) None of these

(36-41): The following are the conditionsfor selecting a "Management Trainee"for a reputed public sector company.The candidate must:

1) Be a post - graduate in commerce with60% marks or a C.A

2) Not be more than 25 yrs old and less then20 yrs as on 1.12.92.

3) Have fluency in English and Hindi.4) Be in a position to pay Rs.10000 as

deposit to the company.5) Give an undertaking to work for at least

5yrs for the company.6) If a person satisfies all the conditions

except (1) above, he should be referred tothe Managing Director of the company.

7) If a person satisfies all the conditions except(4) and / or (5) above, he should be referredto the Chairman of the company.

a) If data provided is not complete in thecase of any of the candidates.

b) If the candidate cannot be selected as aManagement Trainee.

c) If the candidate can be selected as aManagement Trainee.

d) If the candidate is to be referred to theManaging Diretor.

e) If the candidate is to be referred to theChairman.

36. 22- year old Raju is a Post -Graduate incommerce with 60% marks. He is fluent

in Hindi only. He canpay the requireddeposit and is alsoready to give 5 yrsundertaking.

37. 21 - year old Vijayhas obained 63%marks in Post-Graduation withCommerce, is fluentin Hindi and Englishand can pay therequired deposit. Heis willing to give 5 years undertaking.

38. 23- year old Suresh is a C.A with fluencyin Hindi and English. He can pay Rs.8000as deposit and will give 5 yrs undertak-ing.

39. Amar is a Post- Graduate with 59% marksin Commerce. He is fluent in Hindi andEnglish and also willing to give andundertaking of 5yrs. He can pay therequired deposit.

40. Rajan is a Post - Graduate in Commercewith 70% marks. He is fluent in Hindi andEnglish. He can pay the required depositand is ready to give to give 5 yrs under-taking. His date of birth is 01.11.1974.

41. Anil, whose date of birth is 01.09.1972,has obtained 70% marks in Post -Graduation and has also completed hisC.A. He can pay the required deposit, isfluent in Hindi and English and also hasno objection to giving 5 yrs undertakingto the company.

Which exam is conducted on first day?

Panditi.

Meenakshi pavan

Senior Faculty

Reasoning Model questions

1.b2.b3.b4.a5.b6. b7.d8.a9.c

10.c11.a12.c13.a14.b15.d16.c17.c18.a

19.b20.d21.a22.c23.d24.a25.a26.b27.c

28.d29.a30.b31.d32.c33.e34.c35.c36.b

37.c38.e39.a40.b41.c

ANSWERS

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GENERAL AWARENESS1. Which city hosted the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC) Summit on November10-11, 2017? 1) Davao, Philippines2) Lima, Peru 3) Osaka, Japan4) Da Nang, Vietnam5) Ipoh, Malaysia 2. Who was named as the newFinance Secretary on November6, 2017? (He replaces AshokLavasa) 1) Subhash Chandra Garg2) Hasmukh Adhia 3) Rajiv Kumar 4) Ajay Narayan Jha 5) Neeraj Kumar Gupta 3. Priti Patel resigned as Internatio-nal Development Secretary ofwhich of the following countrieson November 8, 2017? 1) USA 2) Canada3) UK 4) Australia 5) New Zealand 4. Which country hosted the 4thASEAN Defense MinistersMeeting-Plus (ADMM-Plus) inOctober 2017? 1) Laos 2) Thailand 3) Brunei 4) Philippines 5) Cambodia 5. Who is the author of the book"Can't Is Not an Option-MyAmerican Story"? 1) Indra Nooyi2) Kamala Harris 3) Nikki Haley 4) Tulsi Gabbard 5) Pramila Jayapal6. A poverty and hunger alleviatingfund by which of the followinggroups/organizations has appro-ved three projects in Bolivia,Kiribati and Zambia worth $2.3million? 1) BRICS 2) SAARC 3) IBSA 4) BASIC 5) BIMSTEC 7. Prime Minister Narendra Modiflagged off Shraddha SetuExpress on July 27, 2017. It con-nects Ayodhya and? 1) Madurai 2) Rameswaram 3) Kanchi 4) Tirupati 5) Udupi8. International Day for the Cons-ervation of the Mangrove Ecosy-stem is celebrated on which ofthe following dates? 1) July 26 2) August 263) September 264) October 26 5) November 26 9. M. Venkaiah Naidu is the secondBJP leader to become the Vice President of India after? 1) B.D. Jatti 2) Krishan Kant 3) Bhairon Singh Shekhawat 4) Gopal Swarup Pathak5) None of these10. Gethsie Shanmugam won the2017 Ramon Magsaysay Award.She is a teacher from? 1) Sri Lanka 2) Singapore3) Malaysia 4) Indonesia 5) Laos 11. MUDRA Bank provides loans tomicrofinance institutions. Whatdoes the letter 'D' stand for in theabbreviation MUDRA? 1) Debit 2) Debt3) Delivery 4) Development 5) Digital 12. Which of the following joint mil-itary exercises is not related toIndia? 1) Nomadic Elephant 2) Mitra Shakti 3) Surya Kiran 4) Hand-in-Hand 5) Sagarmatha Friendship 13. Which of the following isobserved every year on June 14? 1) World Food Day 2) World Humanitarian Day 3) World Blood Donor Day 4) World Population Day 5) World Senior Citizens Day 14. Which of the following organiza-tions is headquartered in Geneva,Switzerland? 1) IAEA 2) UNESCO 3) UNICEF 4) WIPO 5) UNEP15. In which of the followingPayments Banks the Governmentof India has 100 percent equityshareholding? 1) Airtel Payments Bank 2) Paytm Payments Bank 3) India Post Payments Bank4) Fino Payments Bank 5) None of these16. Fino Payments Bank started itsoperations in July 2017. It isheadquartered at? 1) Hyderabad 2) Chennai 3) Bangalore 4) Mumbai 5) Kolkata 17. Which bank has launched 'eazy-pay', an app for merchants andretailers to accept payments onmobiles from multiple digitalmodes? 1) ICICI Bank 2) Axis Bank3) HDFC Bank4) State Bank of India 5) None of these18. Which of the following empow-ers banks/financial institutions torecover their non-performingassets without the intervention ofthe court? 1) RBI Act, 19342) NI Act, 1881 3) SARFAESI Act, 2002 4) Banking Regulation Act, 1949 5) SBI Act, 1955 19. Amitabh Kant Committee isrelated to which of the follow-ing? 1) Household finance 2) Cashless economy 3) Railway restructuring 4) NBFCs 5) None of these 20. ABN AMRO Bank has its head-quarters in which of the follow-ing cities? 1) Stockholm, Sweden 2) Oslo, Norway 3) Bonn, Germany4) Amsterdam, Netherlands 5) Moscow, Russia 21. Janalakshmi Financial Servicesrecently received the finallicense by the Reserve Bank ofIndia to set up a small financebank (SFB) and will be known asJana Small Finance Bank. It isheadquartered in? 1) Bangalore 2) Hyderabad 3) Chennai 4) Kochi 5) Pune 22. Dishonor of cheque for insuffi-ciency of funds in the account ismentioned in which section ofthe Negotiable Instruments Act1881? 1) Section 45 2) Section 138 3) Section 78 4) Section 142 5) Section 131 23. Federation of Indian Chambersof Commerce and Industry(FICCI) was established in 1927.It has its headquarters in? 1) Mumbai 2) Kolkata 3) New Delhi 4) Chandigarh 5) Jaipur 24. DBS Bank is a multinationalbanking and financial servicescorporation headquartered in? 1) Seoul 2) Basel 3) Beijing 4) Singapore 5) None of these 25. In the abbreviation SARFAESI,the alphabet 'R' stands for? 1) Recovery 2) Renovation 3) Reconstruction4) Restructuring5) Rehabilitation 26. Dibrugarh city is situated on thebank of which of the followingrivers? 1) Ganga 2) Gomti3) Brahmaputra4) Teestha 5) Mahanadi 27. Manas National Park is aUNESCO World Heritage Site. Itis located in which of the follow-ing States? 1) Odisha 2) Assam 3) Madhya Pradesh 4) Uttar Pradesh 5) Arunachal Pradesh 28. Bhakti Yadav, Madhya Pradesh'sfirst woman doctor, passed awayon August 14, 2017. She wasconferred which of the followingawards in 2017? 1) Padma Vibhushan 2) Padma Bhushan 3) Padma Shri4) B.C. Roy award5) None of these 29. The red stripes were added to theflag of which of the followingAfrican countries in August2017? 1) Mauritania 2) Algeria3) Mali 4) Senegal 5) Egypt 30. Andrzej Duda has been thePresident of which of the follow-ing European countries sinceAugust 2015? 1) Czech Republic2) Slovakia 3) Poland 4) Ukraine 5) Belarus 31. The North Koel Reservoir islocated in Palamau and Garhwadistricts of? 1) Jharkhand 2) Bihar 3) Odisha 4) West Bengal 5) Madhya Pradesh 32. The Supreme Court appointed acommittee of social workers anda lawyer to suggest measures tobe taken for rehabilitation ofwidows abandoned by their fam-ily members. Who among thefollowing is not a member of thiscommittee? 1) Suneeta Dhar2) Meera Khanna3) Abha Singhal Joshi4) Aprajita Singh5) Aruna Roy 33. Which State Legislative Assem-bly passed a bill that reclassifiescoconut as a tree in August 2017? 1) Karnataka 2) Kerala 3) Goa 4) Maharashtra 5) Andhra Pradesh 34. Which State government annou- nced Raj Kapoor awards to SairaBanu and Jackie Shroff recently? 1) West Bengal 2) Rajasthan 3) Madhya Pradesh 4) Maharashtra 5) None of these 35. Who is the author of the book"Life Mantras"? 1) B. Ramalinga Raju 2) Vijay Mallya 3) Lalit Modi 4) Subrata Roy 5) None of these 36. Who won the women's singlestitle at the Cincinnati Masterstennis tournament in August2017? 1) Garbine Muguruza 2) Simona Halep 3) Angelique Kerber 4) Madison Keys 5) Caroline Wozniacki 37. Which country will host the 2018ICC Under-19 Cricket WorldCup? 1) India 2) England 3) Bangladesh 4) Australia 5) New Zealand 38. Which Indian cricketer wasawarded 'Arjuna' for the year2017? 1) Ravichandran Ashwin 2) Ravindra Jadeja 3) Murli Vijay 4) Cheteshwar Pujara 5) Virat Kohli 39. Which Paralympian was honoredwith this year's Rajiv GandhiKhel Ratna award on August 29,2017? 1) Mariyappan Thangavelu 2) Devendra Jhajharia 3) Varun Singh Bhati 4) Deepa Malik 5) None of these 40. India will host its first WTA ten-nis tournament in five years inNovember 2017. It will be heldin which of the following cities? 1) Chennai 2) Pune3) Hyderabad 4) Mumbai5) New DelhiKEY1) 4 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4 5) 36) 3 7) 2 8) 1 9) 3 10) 111) 4 12) 5 13) 3 14) 4 15) 316) 4 17) 1 18) 3 19) 2 20) 421) 1 22) 2 23) 3 24) 4 25) 326) 3 27) 2 28) 3 29) 1 30) 331) 1 32) 5 33) 3 34) 4 35) 436) 1 37) 5 38) 4 39) 2 40) 4Who is the new Finance Secretary?N. Vijayender ReddySubject expertHyderabadBANKBANKBANKBANKBANKBANKBANKBANKBANKBANKPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksPOs, ClerksAlso useful for Also useful for Also useful for Also useful for Also useful for SpecialSpecialSpecialSpecialSpecialSpecialSpecialSpecialSpecialSpecialSpecialGroupsGroupsGroupsGroupsGroups& Other Exams& Other Exams& Other Exams& Other ExamsAlso useful for Groups& Other ExamsSAKSHI EDUCATIONAlso Find

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MýSÆð‡…sŒæ AOòœÆŠæÞ

B. LAXMINARAYANA

M.Sc., B.Ed.,

Senior Maths Faculty

9849386253

MATHS -2A

PARTIAL FRACTIONS

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

SOLVED QUESTIONS

What is proper rational fraction?

07 13 2017- ntbhadradri.comntnews.com

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6. ? 1) sin (A+D/2) 2) n.sin (A/2) 3) sin (A+D) 4) n = sin (A+D/2) /sin (A/2)

7. ? 1) 1/f = (v-u) 2) 1/f = (n-1) (1/R1-1/R2) 3) 1/f = 1/v-1/u 4)

8. ? 1) 2) 3) 1, 2 4)

: 4 .

1

2

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08 13 2017- ntbhadradri.comntnews.com

6 ≤Ú´’¢√®ºç 13 $´ç•®º’ 2017v

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14 Ðû¦è[ª þ¼÷ªî¦ô¢Ù 13 ì÷Ùñô¢ª 2017

★ Migration The movement of large number ofpeople from one place to another.

★ Migration can happen due to many reasonslike marriages, employment etc

★ For identifying a person as a migrant, two cri-teria birth place and last usual place of resi-dence are used by the census.

★ In India according to census 2001, about 307Million People have been reported asMigrants.

★ People Migrate from rural areas mainly dueto insufficient employment Opportunities andinadequate income Most urban Migrantshave to work as labourers and find employ-ment in the unorganised sector.

★ Migration takes place: 1) from rural to rural, tourban to rural 2) Interstate 3) International.

★ People with Technical skills and professionalexpertise have Migrated to countries like theU.S.A, the U.K etc

★ Remittances - Money sent by migrants fromtheir destination.

★ Nearly 1/5th total income of Keral is account-ed by the remittances sent by its workersfrom the west Asia.

★ According to National surveys every fourthperson in India is a migrant.

★ Some of the migrations may not be capturedby census data because the period of stay isoften less than six months the National com-mission of Rural Labour in its report in 1990sfound that uneven development and regionaldisparity triggered and accelerated seasonalmigration

★ One third of the world's 200 Million interna-tional migrants moved from one developingcountry to another

★ The Emigration Act 1983 is the Indian lawgoverning migration and employment ofIndians abroad It also lays out conditions tosafeguard the interests of workers emigratingfor employment.

★ International Migration form India is of twotypes a) People with technical skills and pro-fessional expertise migrate to developedcountries for earnings.

★ The second type of international migration isunskilled and semi skilled workers migratingto oil exporting countries of the west Asia.

2 Marks QuestionsQ: What is the effect on girls, if the head of the

family migrates?

A: When the head of the family migrates, theburden of the family falls on woman. She hasto work, earn and lead the family. As sheworks outside of the house the girl childrenshould take care of the Younger Childrenand elder People in the home. So they arebecoming dropouts.

Q: Why are only unskilled workers from Indiawanted in west asian Countries?

A: Only unskilled workers from India are want-ed in west Asian countries.

★ They are oil exporting countries

★ They employ workers on contract basis.

★ They employ workers on large scale withlower wages.

★ They do not need technically skilledProfessionals for these Jobs. thus onlyunskilled workers are wanted in west Asiancountries.

Q: Do you think Migrants are trouble makers?

Justify Your answer.

A: ★ No, I think Migrants are not trouble mak-ers.

★ Generally Migrants go for their livelihood.

★ Therefore there is no scope for domination

★ Migrants won't trouble anybody because theywon't fight for identify and domination.

ex: Sugar cane cutters in Maharashtra

Q: The international Migrant labourers are fac-ing many Problems. Explain them.

A: Some times Migrant workers are not paidtheir salaries, recruitment agents cheatProspective workers or collect more then thePrescribed fees for their role in getting workfor workers abroad.

★ Employers also terminate the Job Contractbefore its expiry, Change the employmentcontract to the adverse of the workers, Payless than the agreed salary and freeze fringebenefits and other perks.

★ They often force workers to do overtime with-out making additional payments and denyPermission to keep one's own passport.

★ Indian Migrant workers seldom lodge anycomplaint against their foreign employers forthe fear of losing their jobs.

Q: why there is a shortage of suger cane cut-ters in western Maharashtra?

A: Sugar is cultivated on large scale but it isseasonal so the farmers can't engage per-manent labour This leads to the shortage ofsugar cutters in the season in Maharashtra

Q: Why are sugar cane cutters employed onlyfor six months. What work might they do dur-ing the other six months of the Year?

A: Sugar cane cutters are employed only for sixmonths because sugar crushing season isfor six months. It takes again six months forharvesting season of suger cane.

★ For the remaining six months they go to workas daily labourers, construction labourers inbrick kilns, Quarries, plantation Labours etc.

Q: Describe an example of seasonal migrationof your region?

A: The Migration of people during cotton har-vesting and paddy harvesting is a seasonalMigration that happens in our region. Theavailability of harvesting Machines govern-ment Schemes(MGNREGA) have anywayreduced the number of Migrations to a largeextent these days.

Q: Why are contacts and networks essential forgetting Jobs in Urban areas?

★ The rural People are not able to find Jobs inthe organised sector

★ So they Use different Job searching mecha-nism depending upon their skills and educa-tional qualification.

★ They pre-arrange their Jobs from rural areasand come to urban areas through their con-tacts and networks.

★ So contacts and networks are essential forgetting Jobs in Urban areas.

4 Marks Questions Q: Compare and contrast the Migration from

rural to Urban area and rural to rural area?

A: Rural to Urban Migration:

★ People migrate from rural areas mainly dueto sufficient employment opportunities, inad-equate income available in rural employ-ment.

★ People also migrate with the expectation ofhigher incomes and more opportunities forfamily member and may be better services.

★ For some People from rural areas moving tocities and towns, to work in industry and otherservices been recognised as naturalresponse to increase their income and forbetter family prospects.

★ Rural to rural Migration:

★ A large section of rural workers migrate for ashort duration and particularly due to distresscaused in rural areas.

★ They are mainly agricultural labourers ormarginal farmers in their place of origin andmostly belong to low income house holds,dalits and adivasis.

★ Rural seasonal migrants work in agricultureand plantations brick kilns, quarries, con-struction sites and fish Processing.

Q: Drop outs in migrant families are a cause ofconcern. How?

A: Yes I agree with the above statement.

★ When families migrate, children also a copany them to their destination.

★ The children who at present studying in aschool in their native village need to discon-tinue their studies and Migrate along with

their parents.

★ These migrated children are not able to con-tinue their studies at new place due to finan-cial Problems and strange atmosphere innew place.

★ Schools in their native village refuse to takethem again when they come back. So finallymost of children become dropouts.

Q: Describe the similarities and differencesbetween the impacts of internal and interna-tional migrations?

A: Internal Migration:

★ Due to insufficient employment, inadequateincome with hope of higher incomes betterservices people migrate.

★ Workas hawkers painters mechanics, rick-shaw pullers construction labour etc.

★ Engage in Industry and service activities.

★ Remittance are important to families

★ They supplement and generate additionalcomes

International Migration:

★ People with technical skills and Professionalexpertise have migrated to developed coun-tries.

★ Unskilled and semi skilled workers migrate tooil exporting countries of the west Asia

★ These are engaged in construction Projects,maintenance services, transport andtelecommunications.

★ Families are able to pay back loans, buyassets and standard of life improves.

★ Kerala has recorded a stupendous growth inremittance from other countries.

Q: What happens when people migrate? (2 marks)A: Migrant labourers spend more on food as they cannot get food grains

from fair price shops at their work places.

★ As they live in harsh circumstances and in un hygienic conditions.

★ They suffer from health Problems and are Prone to disease.

★ Migrants are not able to access various health and family care pro-grammes as they do not belong to the organised sector.

K. Srinivasa RaoSubject Expert

Writer:

Social Studies

People and Migration

Q: What is meant by Migration?

A: The Movement of large number of peoplefrom one place to another.

Q: How many types of migrations are therewhat are they?

A: There are two types of migrations. Theyare:

1) Internal Migration.

2) International Migration.

Q: What type of people from our countrymigrate to West Asia?

A. Unskilled and semi unskilled personsmigrate to west Asia.

Q: What kind of persons migrate to U.S.A, UKlike other developed countries?

A: Technically skilled and professional Peoplemigrate to developed countries like U.S.Aand U.K.

Q: Why do People migrate from rural areas?

A: The Rural People migrate to other placesdue to employment opportunities.

Q: What are Kopis?

A: Kopis are council huts made of bamboomats and poles, the temporary shelter ofMigrants.

Q: Why are Embassies Setup?

A: Embassies setup by the IndianGovernment in different countries areexpected to follow the legal procedures and

protect the welfare of the internationalMigrants as given in the Emigration Act.

Q: Expand NCRL?

A: National Commission of Rural Labour.

Q: In Urban areas, what are the common sec-tors of economy in which migrants from therural areas to find employment?

A: They could be working as hawkers,painters, repair workers, rickshaw pullers,construction labours etc.

Q: How does Migration arise?

A: Migration arises out of various Social, eco-nomic or political reasons.

Q: What is the common reason for FemaleMigration?

A: Marriage is the most common reason forfemale Migration.

Q: What did the NCRL Find?

A: The NCRL in its reports in 1990s found thatuneven development and regional disparitytriggered and accelerated seasons migra-tion.

Q: What is the Emigration Act?

A: The Emigration Act 1983 is the Indian lawgoverning migration and employment ofIndians abroad.

Q: Why are migrants not able to access vari-ous health and family care Programmes?

A: Migrants are not abale to access varioushealth and family care Programmes as theydo not belong to the organised sector.

How many types of migrations are there?

1 Marks Questions

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