- 1. The Writing System; Cognates 1.6-2.1 J. Brian Tucker, Ph.D.
Michigan Theological Seminary
2. 1.6 Writing non-Greek Words
- Names and words not in Greek use close equivalents .
- iota is used for /y/ sound (sometimes eta). - Joseph
- upsilon is used for /w/ sound.- Levi
- sigma is used for several /s/ sounds. - Isaiah
3. 1.7 Punctuation & Diacritical Marks 4. 1.7.1. Accents
- Keep in mind the following:
-
- for diphthongs, written over the second vowel
-
-
- same applies to breathing marks, s.v.
5. 1.7.2. Breathing Marks
- Memorize:Breathing marks occur over vowels and the letter ,
when they begin a word .
- Breathing marks look like the opening [ , i.e. rough /h/ sound]
and closing [ , i.e. smooth, no sound] quote marks.
6. 1.7.2. Breathing Marks
- If a vowel begins a word and its syllable receives the accent,
the breathing mark and the accent mark will be joined.
- Examples:[smooth + acute]
7. 1.7.2. Breathing Marks
- The vowel and the consonant ,when they begin a word, always get
a rough breathing mark.
8. 1.7.3. Diaeresis
- Two vowels that would otherwise form a diphthong can be
pronounced separately, this is indicated by 2 dots over the second
vowel.
- another sequence,uses it as well.
9. 1.7.4. Punctuation
- Comma and period function like in English.
- A raised period [ ] functions as a semicolon.
- A semicolon [ ; ] functions as a question mark.
- Early mss lacked word divisions, punctuation, accents, and
breathing marks. These are inserted based on editorial
decisions.
10. 1.7.5. Reading Practice
11. 1.7.5. Reading Practice
12. 1.8. Pronunciation Practice 13. 1.8.1. Books of the New
Testament
- Turn to page 9 in your textbook or turn to page iii in your UBS
text and practice pronouncing the Books of the New Testament.
14. 1.8.2. Luke 3.31-38
15. 1.8.3. Matthew 1.1-8
- .2 , , ,3 , , ,4 , , ,5 , , ,6 . ,7 , , ,8 , , , .
16. 1.8.3. Matthew 1.1-8 Syllables (Hewett 2009: Appendix) 17.
1.9. Learning Essentials
- Do you know the sounds of the letters and diphthongs?
- Can you recite the alphabet without mistakes?
- Have you paid close attention to the way you write the
letters?
- Can you identify all the punctuation and diacritical marks in
John 1.21-23?
18. Lesson 2 Cognates
- Used in (linguistics) (of a word) having the same linguistic
derivation as another (e.g. English father, GermanVater ,
Latinpater ) ( OED ).
- New Testament also contains Hebrew and Aramaic loan words,
which sometimes remain un-translated, e.g.Amen.
- Recognizing these will help in vocabulary acquisition.
- Ignore the endings when making comparisons and not that upsilon
often becomes a y in cognate English spelling (Kunjummen 2009:
13).
19. Lesson 2 Cognates hypotension hypertension epi-dermis
the-ist, a-the-ist ex-clude ego-tism auto-pilot anthropology
English Cognate Greek Word 20. Lesson 2 Cognates sound, voice earth
city many, much head woman around gospel, evangelism English
Cognate Greek Word 21. Lesson 2 Cognates relating to sound or the
sense of hearing speech, language the quality of being pleasing to
the ear - English Cognate Greek Word 22. Conclusions
- Make sure you read all of page 15 it is quite important to this
course.