Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
WP 2 Training of trainers for participation at CTIs
Green Energy Opportunities in CyprusRenewable energy poses some unique challenges and opportunities in Cyprus.
1
Dr Venizelos EfthymiouChairman of FOSS Research Centre University of [email protected]
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus2
Strategy of Europe for 2020 to 2030 +
≥30% Energy
Efficiency
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus3
The challenge of efficiency…
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus4
Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Energy in transition: Grid responds We are moving on a road that is characterised by
fundamental changes in the energy mix; How do we transform the strategy of our countries for
achieving the objectives set out collectively at European level?
How do we harvest the inexhaustive source of energy that is coming to us from the sun for economic and social prosperity?
Green energy opportunities in CyprusGrid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Why Solar Energy?
03/05/2023
5
PV Electricity Price: 9-14 c/kWhGrid Domestic Price: 18 c/kWh
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus6
Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Long-term utility-scale PV system price scenarios
Source: Fraunhofer ISE (2015): Current and Future Cost of Photovoltaics. Study on behalf of Agora Energiewende
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
Crystalline Silicon Technology Portfolioc-Si - PV is not a Commodity, but a High-Tech Product!
Material quality diffusion length base conductivity device quality passivation of surfaces low series resistance light confinement cell structures PERC: Passivated Emitter and Rear
Cell MWT: Metal Wrap Through IBC-BJ: Interdigitated Back Contact –
Back Junction HJT: Hetero Junction Technology
Adapted from Preu et al., EU-PVSEC 2009
material quality
module efficiency
IndustryStandard
IBC-BJHJT
PERC
MWT-PERC20%19%
18%
17%16%
15%14%
21%
device quality
BC-HJT
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
PV Market Growth: PV heading into the Terawatt Range!
Source: IEA 2014
Rapid introduction of PV globally is fueled by availability of cost-competitive, distributed energy
In 2050 between 4.000 and 30.000 GWp PV will be installed! By 2015, less than 300 GWp have been installed!
We are just at the beginning of the global growth curve!
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus9
Atmosphere/Energy Program, Dept. of Civil and Env. Engineering, Stanford University
Institute of Transportation Studies, U.C. BerkeleyTechnical University of Berlin
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus10
Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Business is not as usual: A new norm is born
Through the dynamics of RES we are re-shaping the electrical industry,
We need to go beyond integration – RES is not as conceived, a tolerable integration into status quo arrangements but a much smarter need,
Through the adoption of these new technologies, a new norm is born that requires:
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus11
Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Convergence between policymakers for better prices and demand reliability from System Operators
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus12
Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Rebalancing between opportunities of developers and grid challenges of System Operators
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus13
Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
New market models for expanding the electricity business into the internet of energy
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus14
Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Value of Grid Service: Five Primary Benefits
The full value of a grid connection is not fully understood. Grid-provided energy (kWh) offers clearly recognized value, but grid connectivity serves roles that are important beyond providing energy. Grid capacity provides needed power for overload capacity, may absorb energy during over-generation, and supports stable voltage and frequency.
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus15
Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Grid is becoming bi-directional
Today’s power system has served society well, with average annual system reliability of 99.7% + in Cyprus, in terms of electricity availability.
The classic vision of electric power grids with one-way flow is changing. Consumers, energy suppliers, and developers increasingly are adopting DER to supplement or supplant grid-provided electricity. This is particularly notable with respect to distributed PV power generation.
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus16
Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Decarbonisation & RES
A smart approach is needed to manage the shift from centralized to dispersed energy
Distribution networks need to become ‘smart’ to cope with the power decarbonisation challenge & required RES penetration
DSO
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
Scaling up of smart grid connectivity is flexible ...
17
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
Aggregation is flexible ...
18
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
Market functioning is flexible ...
19
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
Market functioning through aggregators
20
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus21
Operators will need flexibility to manage local network constraints…to integrate DG RES & comply with their responsibilities
Beyond a certain level, reinforcement is necessary but the existing capacity could be used more efficiently, investment deferred & the
peak load required on the network reduced!
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus22
Source: JRC(2011)
80% of investments by DSOs
A smart infrastructure investment is the one which achieves the goal at the lowest cost (cost-efficient system approach!)
Investments for SG might benefit several parties, but mostly are done by DSOs
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus23
Distributed control architecture will prevail seamlessly linking all active elements of the integrated grid
Embedded systems with microgrid capabilities or “web of cell” connectivity will offer quality inclusion of energy efficient buildings
Policy and Regulatory shortcomings need to be addressed for smart investments to prevail and maximize benefits to all active stakeholders !!!
There is a need for smart regulation with incentives …
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus24
Not a ‘Revolution’ but an ‘Evolution’ ofRoles, Responsibilities & Interactions
DG RES Penetration level
‘Smartness’
Passive Distribution
Re-Active Network Integration
Pro-Active Network Management
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus25
Smart Grid Task Force EG3: Options of handling Smart Grids Data
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus26
The bi-directional nature of storage offers a wealth of flexibility …
Complex to regulate due to its multi-use capability – But offers much needed flexibility !
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
Maturity of energy storage technologies
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus28
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus29
Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Reference architecture for E-mobility (SGAM- CEN, CENELEC,ETSI)
Interoperability enables intelligent devices and systems to connect and work securely and effectively with little or no inconvenience to the user. When the scale of information and communications technology (ICT) connectivity is as big as the electric power system,
the multipliers are large and the benefits of improving interoperability are manifold!
Ref: GridWise
Green energy opportunities in CyprusGrid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Basic realities
EVs provide an important part of the solution towards more sustainable transport. They are cleaner, quieter and three times more energy efficient than their conventional counterparts.
90% of EV charging is estimated to take place at household and workplace locations
Analysis shows that even if all the cars on the road today were electric in EU the current electricity system could cope with the resulting increase in electricity demand: i.e. a corresponding 802 TWh or 24.3% increase in the total demand
30
Green energy opportunities in CyprusGrid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Why smart charging is essential?
Smart charging can enable EVs to act as flexible loads and decentralised storage resource that can benefit the power system as a whole and minimise or eventually avoid grid reinforcements
Customers will be able to save on their energy bill by agreeing to shift their consumption to off-peak hours with cheaper electricity tariffs.
In doing so, and adding further savings from fuel switching, car owners can benefit from a reduction of 23% in an electric car’s total cost of ownership (TCO) as compared to a conventional fuel car.
31
Green energy opportunities in CyprusGrid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Total cost of ownership is lower
Over a ten-year lifetime of a car, customers can benefit from a cost reduction of up to 23% when the conventional fuel car is replaced by a comparable electric car and when smart charging is used. EURELECTRIC: Smart charging - Steering the charge, driving the change
32
Green energy opportunities in CyprusGrid energy opportunities in Cyprus
UCy is building the infrastructure so that the energy needs of the new university campus can efficiently be met through a full functioning microgrid infrastructure – More over, the infrastructure will be developed with such architecture so that it can fulfil the requirements to be a test bed for related technologies and systems to facilitate development, offer training and education possibilities to the students of the university with state of the art technologies.
03/05/2023
Green energy opportunities in CyprusGrid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Scope Transform the University of Cyprus into an energy optimal microgrid in the scope of
improving the energy efficiency of the campus and its zero energy green objectives.
Keep balance of energy supply and demand and improve end use for to achieve the demand response objectives offering flexibility for improved security of supply.
Test bed for innovation, development and research for the University of Cyprus on related novel technologies that will support the educational objectives of UCy.
03/05/2023
34
Green energy opportunities in CyprusGrid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Data collection configurationProsumer (Producer + consumer)
Datasets:• PV production• Import/export
Datasets from PV and import/export energy from grid
Datasets synchronization
Datasets from smart meters
Green energy opportunities in CyprusGrid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Real life success stories from completed projects around the world
University of Genoa. Prinsceton University. Clarkson University and National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT).
03/05/2023
36
Benefits: Capital cost $12M - Payback period ~5 years (from onetime and annual savings)
Green energy opportunities in CyprusGrid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Business Plan - Technical Smart controllers and sensors for data and
local control for effective demand side management policy.
Local PV generation directly connected to the local grid (400 kWp already connected and operated as self-consumption – 10 MWp planned to be operational by 2017).
03/05/2023
37
Thermal and electrochemical storage facilities (≈2 MWh). 4 heat pumps of total capacity 1 MW for improved efficiencies. Charging infrastructure for electric vehicles. Full broad band connectivity with the local DSO for improved data
management and in support of the research activities in support of the grid.
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
03/05/2023
38Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Additional plan in the pipe line
A combined heat and power unit of size 800 kW to compliment the heating, cooling and electricity needs of the university.
A new faculty building for Biology (scheduled to be completed by 2020) equipped with A PV system of size 138 kWp A solar thermal system for domestic hot water needs
A new solar system to satisfy the cooling and heating needs of the Students Residence.
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
03/05/2023
39Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Detailed design is in progress
DG mix selection, smart meters / sensors, Technology Selection, tariff design, Protection and Power Quality
Primary frequency and voltage control: DG droop control, coordinated voltage/frequency support
Secondary control: Design of MGCC, forecasting, unit commitment, economic dispatch, security
Consumers: Load Management via electronic meters to achieve flexible demand response,
Storage size and options: transition to island mode, Ancillary services in grid connected mode
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
03/05/2023
40Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Horizon 2020 projects in support
Generalized Operational FLEXibility for Integrating Renewables in the Distribution Grid. The GOFLEX project will innovate, integrate, further develop and demonstrate a group of electricity smart-grid technologies, enabling the cost effective use of demand response in distribution grids, increasing the grids’ available adaptation capacity and safely supporting an increasing share of renewable electricity generation.
Integrated Smart GRID Cross-Functional Solutions for Optimized Synergetic Energy Distribution, Utilization. InteGRIDy aims to integrate cutting-edge technologies, solutions and mechanisms in a scalable Cross-Functional Platform connecting energy networks with diverse stakeholders, facilitating optimal and dynamic operation of the Distribution Grid, fostering the stability and coordination of distributed energy resources and enabling collaborative storage schemes within an increasing share of renewables.
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
03/05/2023
41Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Horizon 2020 projects in support StoRES foresees the development of an optimal policy for the
effective integration of photovoltaics (PV) and energy storage systems (ESS) via testing smart solutions in 5 MED countries. The challenge is to achieve high PV penetration in their energy mix through solving all market/technical/grid issues without compromising grid stability or security of supply.
PEGASUS: The growing power consumption in already fragile territories, as rural area and islands could benefit by the technology developments that the RES are bringing. The use of mature RES, already present in the MED territories through the application of smart technology like microgrids might represent a step forward towards a sustainable and inclusive growth.
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus
03/05/2023
42Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Horizon 2020 projects in support BestRES: There is a strong need for innovative business models
for RES electricity generation in the long and mid-term because support schemes will fade out in the long term pushing renewables on the market at no marginal costs.
The aim of the BestRES project is to identify best practices business models for renewable electricity generation in Europe and to improve these further taking into account new opportunities and synergies coming along with changing market designs in line with the EU target model. Business models investigated in this project shall make use of the aggregation of various renewable sources, storage and flexible demand.
Green energy opportunities in CyprusGrid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Potential / Advantages
03/05/2023
43
University of Cyprus• Supply and demand balance/improved energy efficiency• Cheaper electricity bills• Create a greener campus• Testbed for research and education at the University of
Cyprus
Citizens/Country• Onsite resources to ease pressure on the grid• Improve reliability and resilience of grid• Support the grid for the penetration of more renewables• Support the sustainable policies of the Country
Environment• 2500 t/CO2 per year• 250 Hectares of forest absorbing CO2
• €57,500 per year revenue (GHG reduction credit)
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus44
Grid energy opportunities in Cyprus
Just to remember …..
"The train to a global clean-energy future has already left the station. We can choose to get on board — to lead — or we can choose to be left behind, to stand stubbornly still. If we stubbornly deny the science and change around us, we will fall victim to our own paralysis." Gina McCarthy, EPA Chief
Green energy opportunities in Cyprus45
DG RES Penetration level
‘Smartness’
Passive Distribution
Re-Active Network Integration
Pro-Active Network Management
Thank you !! Any Questions
Top Related