Download - Ρωμαϊκή εποχή (β.οικονομία)

Transcript
  • (30 .. 324 ..)

  • , , . - - .

  • , , . , , . H , , . .

  • , . , 44 .., 14 .. , , . , , , . .

  • , 1 .. , , . , - - . , . . ( ). . .

  • , . , . - - . , .

  • , , . , - - . . (.350-300 ..).

  • , , , . , , . . .

  • . . . , - - , .

  • , , , , . ' . .

  • 27 .. , 67 .. (proconsul). 15-44 .., (legatus Augusti) . 67 .. , . . . , , . .

  • , . , - - . (proconsul), (legatus) (quaestor). .

  • 27 .. . , , , , , K. - , - , . . , .

  • , . , , , K, , , , . , , , . , . T, (corrector), , . A . .

  • , , - - . , , - - . , (, , , , ). " " , , , , , . , . ( ) . .

  • . , . , . , . . , . T , . . .

  • , , . 1 .. , . 6000 . , .

  • , , : . , . . , . , , , . . , 3 .. .

  • . . - - , . , , . , .

  • 148 .. : , . 27 .. . 15 .., - - B . 44 .., , . 1 . .. . .

  • . , . - - . . , . , , . .

  • 44 .., - - , . , , . , . (procurator) . , , ().

  • . - - ( ). , , . , . , , , . 1 2 . ..

  • 3 . .

    2 .. 3 , , , 267 .. , , . , , , .

  • , 3 500 750 100 300 . , , . .

  • , , . 262 .. - - , . 3 . .

  • . , . . , 6 . 3 . . .

  • 267 .. , , , , . , 269 .. . . . .

  • 20 .. , . , , , , , . 27 .. .

  • (procuratores) , (legatus pro consule). , , . 1 .. . , 2 . .. - .

  • , , (curatores). . , . , . . .

  • . , . . , . , .

  • , , . - - , , . - , , - .

    . , , . ( 1 . ..) .

  • . . . , , , . , - - , . , . , . (79-89 ..) .

  • , . , , , . .

  • . ad valorem - - . . , . . .

  • , , (summa honoraria), . , , . , , . . .

  • - - . . .

  • . : ) munera personalia, . ) munera patrimoniorum, . , , .) munera mixta, decaprotia, . - - . .

  • - - ( ) . , . , .

  • , . , , , . , . . - - 146 .. , . , - - . . .

  • . . , , . . , . ( 103- 179), , . . .

  • - - 77 .., , . : Colonia Iulia Flavia Augusta Corinthiensis. , 17 .., 51 .. . . .

  • , . . - 126 128/9 ..- , .

  • , , . , . , . , . , . (76 138 ..), Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus, , . " ". . , .

  • , . , . .

  • K , , . , . 52-3 .. , . , . . .

  • (legatus proconsule). , , ' , . , . .

  • 67 .. - - . 69 .., , . , . , .

  • - - . , , . , . , - - . , , , , , . (41-54 ..) .

  • , , "" , . , - - . , , . , , , . . .

  • , , . , , - , - . , 31 ..

  • , ius italicum - - . : , , , . , - , - ius italicum, . , , , . 229 .. . Dyrrachium. , , .

  • . , , . kalendarium - - , . Lucius Aemilius Juncus . (praefectus iure dicundo or iuridicus) . , , .

  • , , . , . , , , . .

  • (69-79 ..) (tributum soli) (tributum capitis) . , , . . , - - . . , . .

  • , (tributa) 1 .. , . , . . , , . - - . . (231-235 ..).

  • . , (portoria). . , , , , . (vicesima hereditatium) 5% . (vicesima libertatis) 5% . , , , . .

  • "" "" (aurum coronarium) . , . , , . , , 3 . ..

  • , . , . , . .

  • , , . , (Colonia Augusta Aroe Patrae), 16 .. 10 12 . . , . () . .

  • . . , . , . , . , , , .

  • . . , , . 12%. , 8-9%, 33%. 4-6%. T, , . .

  • - 1 2 ..- , . . - - . . . ( ) .

  • , . , , . , 15 22 1/2 . . K . , 1 100 1 6000 . , . (238-245 ..)

  • , - ' 3 ..- . , . (235-238 ..). (177-192 ..).

  • . , , . , 3 .. , , . , 158 .., , . T . , , . , , . .

  • , , . K E P. , , , . T , , . T , . . .

  • . , . . , . Villa Romana del Casale (4 .). . .

  • , . , . , , . , , , . 20 . .

  • . , . , . . .

  • , . , , . T , . .

  • . , . , , . . , , , . - - , . . , (1637). , .

  • , . , , . . ,

    (Casa Romana) .

  • , , , . , , , , . , " " , . , - - , .

    , .

  • . , . , , . - - . , 2 .. - - 1 . , 10.500 . , 1 2 .. 44.500 , . , .

  • . , , . - - , . - - . , , , . Villa Romana del Casale (4 .). .

  • , . , . , . , . . , -. 1 . ..

  • 2 .. , . 100.000.000 . , - - . , 12 .. Vibullia Alcia , . . .

  • , fideicommissa , . , .

    , . , . . , . , . , .

  • , . . , . 170 174 .. . , . , , . , , 177 .. () .

  • . , . , . . .

  • :

    ) : (. . , . , . ), .3 ( ), . , 2010, .. 26-101

    ) www.ime.gr/chronos/07 ( )

  • ( )Alfoeldi, G., , . . , . , 1992.

    Baldson, J.P.V.D., . , . . , . , 1984.

    Garnsey P. & Saller R., , , , . .. , . , 1998

    , , . , 1998

    , . , . , 1970

    , , . , 2002

    Kenney. E.J Clausen W.V., , . ., .-, . , 1999

    , , . , 1987

    , : -, -, -, -, , . , 2002 ()

    Rostovtzeff Michael, , . , . , 1984

    , , . , . , 1993

  • , / :

    , / :

    , , / :

    , / :

    Corpus, :

    www.ime.gr/chronos ( )http://www.ehw.gr/ehw/forms( )www.wikipedia.org ( )http://www2.egeonet.gr ( )

  • (GAIVS IVLIVS CAESAR AVGVSTVS): 27 .. - 14 .. .

    (TIBERIVS IVLIVS CAESAR AVGVSTVS): 14 .. 37 .. . (GAIVS IVLIVS CAESAR AVGVSTVS GERMANICVS): 37 .. 41 .. ' . . (TIBERIVS CLAVDIVS CAESAR AVGVSTVS GERMANICVS): 41 .. 54 .. ', . , . (NERO CLAVDIVS CAESAR AVGVSTVS GERMANICVS): 54 .. 68 .. , . . .

  • 4

    (SERVIVS SVLPICIVS GALBA CAESAR AVGVSTVS): 69 .. . (MARCVS SALVIVS OTHO CAESAR AVGVSTVS): 69 .. Bedriacum . (AVLVS VITELLIVS CAESAR AVGVSTVS GERMANICVS): 69 .. .

    (TITVS FLAVIVS CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVGVSTVS): 69 .. 79 .. . (TITVS FLAVIVS CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVGVSTVS): 79 .. 81 .. . (TITVS FLAVIVS CAESAR DOMITIANVS AVGVSTVS): 81 .. 96 .. . .

  • (MARCVS COCCEIVS NERVA CAESAR AVGVSTVS): 96 .. 98 .. . (CAESAR MARCVS VLPIVS NERVA TRAIANVS AVGVSTVS): 98 .. 117 .. . (CAESAR PVBLIVS AELIVS TRAIANVS HADRIANVS AVGVSTVS): 117 .. 138 .. . (CAESAR TITVS AELIVS HADRIANVS ANTONINVS AVGVSTVS PIVS): 138 .. 161 .. . (CAESAR LVCIVS AVRELIVS VERVS AVGVSTVS): 161 .. 169 .. . . (CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS ANTONINVS AVGVSTVS): 161 .. 180 .. . 169 .. (CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS COMMODVS ANTONINVS AVGVSTVS): 177 .. 192 .. . 177 .. .

  • (CAESAR PVBLIVS HELVIVS PERTINAX AVGVSTVS): 193 .. . . (CAESAR MARCVS DIDIVS SEVERVS IVLIANVS AVGVSTVS): 193 .. . .

    (CAESAR LVCIVS SEPTIMIVS SEVERVS PERTINAX AVGVSTVS): 193 .. 211 .. . (CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS SEVERVS ANTONINVS PIVS AVGVSTVS): 198 .. 217 .. . 198 .. 209 .. 211 .. 211 .. . (CAESAR PVBLIVS SEPTIMIVS GETA AVGVSTUS): 209 .. 211 .. . 198 .. 209 .. 211 .. 211 .. .

  • (MARCVS OPELLIVS SEVERVS MACRINVS AVGVSTVS PIVS FELIX): 217 .. 218 .. . . (MARCVS OPELLIVS ANTONINVS DIADUMENIANVS): 217 .. 218 .. . . (MARCVS AVRELIVS ANTONINVS AVGVSTVS): 218 .. 222 .. . . (CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS SEVERVS ALEXANDER AVGVSTVS): 222 .. 235 .. . . ' .

  • .. 6 (CAESAR GAIVS JVLIVS VERVS MAXIMINVS AVGVSTVS): 235 .. 238 .. . . (CAESAR MARCVS ANTONIVS GORDIANVS SEMPRONIANVS AFRICANVS AVGVSTVS): 238 .. , . . (CAESAR MARCVS ANTONIVS GORDIANVS SEMPRONIANVS ROMANVS AFRICANVS AVGVSTVS): 238 .. , , . . (CAESAR MARCVS CLODIVS PVPIENVS MAXIMVS AVGVSTVS): 238 .. . (CAESAR DECIMVS CAELIVS CALVINVS BALBINVS PIVS AVGVSTVS): 238 .. ' . . (CAESAR MARCVS ANTONIVS GORDIANVS AVGVSTVS): 238 .. 244 .. , 238 ..

  • ..

    (CAESAR MARCVS IVLIVS PHILLIPVS AVGVSTVS): 244 .. 249 .. 247 .. ,

    (MARCVS JVLIVS PHILIPPVS SEVERVS AVGVSTVS): 247 ..249 .. 247 .. . (CAESAR GAIVS MESSIVS QVINTVS TRAIANVS DECIVS AVGVSTVS): 249 .. 251 .. . 251 . . (QVINTVS HERENNIVS ETRVSCVS MESSIVS DECIVS AVGVSTVS): 251 .. . . (CAESAR CAIVS VALENS HOSTILIANVS MESSIVS QVINTVS AVGVSTVS): 251 .. , .

  • (CAESAR GAIVS VIBIVS TREBONIANVS GALLVS AVGVSTVS): 251 .. 253 .. . 251 .. . (GAIVS VIBIVS VOLVSIANVS AVGVSTVS): 251 .. 253 .. 251 .. . (CAESAR MARCVS AEMILIVS AEMILIANVS AVGVSTVS): 253 .. . . . (CAESAR PVBLIVS LICINIVS VALERIANVS AVGVSTVS): 253 .. 260 .. . . . . (CAESAR PVBLIVS LICINIVS EGNATIVS GALLIENVS AVGVSTVS): 253 .. 268 .. , 253 .. . . (IMPERATOR CAESAR CORNELIVS LICINIVS SALONINVS VALERIANVS PIVS FELIX INVICTVS AVGVSTVS): 260 .. .

  • (CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS CLAVDIVS AVGVSTVS): 268 .. 270 .. , . (CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS CLAVDIVS QVINTILLVS AVGVSTVS): 270 .. , . . (CAESAR LVCIVS DOMITIVS AVRELIANVS AVGVSTVS): 270 .. 275 .. . . (CAESAR MARCVS CLAVDIVS TACITVS AVGVSTVS): 275 .. 276 .. , .

  • (CAESAR MARCVS ANNIVS FLORIANVS AVGVSTVS): 276 .. , . . (CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS PROBVS AVGVSTVS): 276 .. 282 .. . . (CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS CARVS AVGVSTVS): 282 .. 283 .. . (CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS NVMERIVS NVMERIANVS AVGVSTVS0: 283 .. 284 .. , . . (CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS CARINVS AVGVSTVS): 283 .. 285 .. , . .

  • ( )

    (CAESAR GAIVS AVRELIVS VALERIVS DIOCLETIANVS AVGVSTVS): 284 .. 305 .. . 286 .. . (CAESAR GAIVS AVRELIVS VALERIVS MAXIMIANVS AVGVSTVS0: 286 .. 305 .. () 286 .. . . . (CAESAR GAIVS FLAVIVS VALERIVS CONSTANTIVS AVGVSTVS): 305 .. 306 .. () 293 .. (CAESAR GALERIVS VALERIVS MAXIMIANVS AVGVSTVS): 305 .. 311 .. () 293 .. (FLAVIVS VALERIVS SEVERVS AVGVSTVS): 306 .. 307 .. () 305 .. 306 .. . .

  • (MARCVS AVRELIVS VALERIVS MAXENTIVS AVGVSTVS): 306 .. 312 .. . 306 .. B . '. (CAESAR GALERIVS VALERIVS MAXIMINVS AVGVSTVS): 311 .. 313 .. . 305 .. ( ) 311 .. . (CAESAR GAIVS VALERIVS LICINIVS AVGVSTVS): 308 .. 324 .. 308 .. . 311 .. . 313 .. 324 .. . (AVRELIVS VALERIVS VALENS): 316 .. 317 .. 317 .. . . (SEXTVS MARCIVS MARTINIANVS AVGVSTVS): 324 .. 324 .. '. (CAESAR FLAVIVS CONSTANTINVS VALERIVS AVGVSTVS): 306 .. 337 .. , , () 306 .. () 307 .. B. 324 ..

  • 8 : 754/3: 650-510/9: 508: 471: (tribuni plebis) 450: , "" 421: (quaestores) 405-396: 390: 343-341:' 338: 327-304: ' 310:

  • 298-290: ' 280-275: , , 272: 264: 264-241: ' . , 267: 254 (): 240: , 237: 236: 228: "" 227: 219/8-202: ' . 212-205: ' ' 204-184: 204-169: 202: , 201:

  • 200-197: ' 197: ' 196: 192-188: ' 190: 188: 186: 179: 171-168: ' , 4 167: 166-159: 166: 155: , 149-146: ' . K 146: , 144:

  • 135-132: ' 133: - - ' 129: 116: 106: 103-102:' 101: 91-88: 88-85: ' . ' 87: 86: 83-82: ' 74-67: - 74-63: ' . '

  • 73-71: 70: 67: 66-63: , 65: 63: 62: 60: , 60-30: "I " 59: 54: (Basilica Julia) 48: 47: 47-44: 44, 15 M: 44-21: 43: 42: , 41-32: 31: 30:

  • 29: , 27: " " , (Augustus) 23: (tribunicia potestas) 19: 12: (pontifex maximus) 11: 9: (Ara Pacis Augustae) 8: 2: " " (pater patriae) forum

  • 4: 6: 14: 17: 25 (): 31: , , 37: 41: 45/46: 54: 64: 65: 66-73: 67-68: 68:

  • 69: " 4 " (, , ) 70: 71: (Jupiter Capitolinus) 74: 79: 81: 95 (): "" "" 96: 98: 100-150 (): , 101-102: ' 105-106: ' 109: "" 112: forum 113: 114-117: 115-117:

  • 117: "" 120: " 12 " 121-125: 125-150 (): , 131: "" Aelia Capitolina , 138: 144: " " A 161: 162-166: 165-167: 174-180: "" 180: 193: 193-194: 194-195: 2- 3 : , , ,

  • 2- 3 : , , , 200-254: 209: 211: 212: (Constitutio antoniniana), 212-216: 217: 218: 222: 229-230: "P I" 235-238: 238: ( A' ' , ) 238-244: ' 244-249: 249-251: 251-253: 253-259/60: 259/60-268: 267:

  • 268-270: B' 270: 270-275: A 271: 275-276: 276-282: 282-283: K 283-284: 283-285: 284-305: 286, 1 : 293, 1 : ' 303-305: 305: 306-337: 308: " " 311: 312: 313-322: 312-326: 324: .