ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ - Parayil Publishersparayilpublishers.com/bbcm/OT/08_Nayadepanmar.pdf ·...

$: ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ - Parayil Publishersparayilpublishers.com/bbcm/OT/08_Nayadepanmar.pdf · 255""\ΩpsS am\p-joI _e-lo-\X hy‡-ambn km£o-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp ]pkvX-Ihpw thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn-en-√m-Xn-cns°$

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿

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255

""\ΩpsS am\p-joI _e-lo-\X hy‡-ambn km£o-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp ]pkvX-Ihpw thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn-en-√m-Xn-cns°

hmb-\-°m-cpsS lyZ-bsØ ZpxJn-∏n-°p∂ At\Iw Imcy-ßƒ \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. F¶nepw

ssZhoI A\p-I-º-bp-tSbpw Zo¿L-£-a-bp-sSbpw hy‡-amb AS-bm-f-ßfpw CXn-ep-≠v... CXnse sNdnb c£-I-

cpsS PohnXw IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-tºmƒ, Hcp ]tXyI Ime-b-f-hn¬ amX-a√ Ft∂-°p-ambn ]cn-]q¿Æ D≤m-cWw

\evIp-hm≥ ]m]vX-\m-b, \njvI-f-¶\pw tijvT-\p-amb Hcp c£-Is‚ Bh-iy-IX Cu B[p-\nI Ime-L-´-Øn¬

D≈-Xmbn shfn-s∏-Sp-∂p.''

B¿X¿ C. I≥Um¬

I. It\m\nse ]tXyI ÿm\w

am\p-jnI _e-lo-\-X-bn¬ ]I-c-s∏-Sp∂ ssZh-i-‡n-

sb-°p-dn-®mWv BI¿j-Wo-b-ambn Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬

hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ""⁄m\n-Isf e÷n-∏n-∏m≥ ssZhw

temI-Øn¬ t`mj-Xz-am-bXp Xnc-s™-SpØp; _e-ap-≈-

Xns\ e÷n-∏n-∏m≥ ssZhw temI-Øn¬ _e-lo-\-am-

bXp Xnc-s™-SpØp. D≈-Xns\ C√m-bva-bm-°p-hm≥

ssZhw temI-Øn¬ Ipe-lo-\hpw \nIr-jvS-am-bXpw

GXp-an-√m-ØXpw Xnc-s™-SpØp ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ Hcp

PUhpw ]iw-kn-°m-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p Xs∂''(1 sImcn

1:27-˛29). hmkvX-h-Øn¬, Hc¿∞-Øn¬ Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ

Cu aq∂p hmIy-ß-fpsS hymJym-\-amWv \ymbm-[n-]∑m-

cpsS ]pkvXIw. DZm-l-c-W-ambn, GlqZv CS-¶-ø-\mb

Hcp _\ym-ao-\y-\m-bn-cp-∂p(5:12-˛30) CS-Xp-Iøv he-Xp-I-

tø-°mƒ i‡n Ipd-™-Xm-W-t√m. AwKo-Im-c-an-√mØ

Hcp Bbp-[-amb Hcp apSn-t¶m¬ sIm≠v iw¶¿ 600 iXp-

°sf sIm∂p (3:31) sZt_mc X∂n¬Xs∂ _e-lo-\-

b-√m-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw Xm≥ Hcp kvXobm-bn-cp∂p (4:1-5:31).

am\p-jn-I-ambn Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ kosk-c-bp-sS900

Ccpºp cY-ß-fpsS apºn¬ _mcm-°ns‚ 10,000 Imemƒ

]S-Iƒ H∂p-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p(4:10,13). bmtb¬ Hcp kvXobm-

bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw Hcp Ip‰n-sN-∂n°v ASn-®p-I-b‰n kok-

csb sIm∂p(4:21). Ahƒ CS-Xp-I-øn-em-bn-cp∂p Ip‰n-

]n-Sn-®n-cp-∂-Xv(5:26, sk]v‰Pn‚ v `mjm-¥-cw). 32,000 ]S-

P-\-Øn¬ \n∂v ssZhw Ipds®SpØ 300 t]c-S-ßp∂

]S-bp-ambn KnZ-tbm≥ iXp-ssk-\y-Øn-s\-Xnsc

sN∂p(7:1˛8). Zcn-Z-cpsS Blm-c-ambbh-Ø∏w Zmcn-Z-

tØbpw _e-lo-\-X-tbbpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p(7:13). ]c-

º-cm-K-X-a-√mØ Bbp-[-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p KnZ-tbms‚

ssk\y-Øn-t‚Xv; aÏp-S-ß-fpw, ]¥-hpw, Iml-f-ß-

fpw(7:16). B aÏp-S-ß-sf√mw DS-bvt°-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p(7:19). Hcp kvXo Xncn-I-√ns‚ ]n≈ Xe-bn¬ X≈n-

bn-´-Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cp∂p A_o-a-te°v acn-®Xv (9:53).

tXme F∂ t]cns‚ A¿∞w ]pgp F∂m-Wv(10:1).

inwtims‚ amXm-hns\ t]cn-√mØ a®n-bmb Hcp

kvXobm-bn-´mWv \mw ImWp-∂Xv (13:2).-Iq-SmsX Hcp

Igp-X-bpsS ]®-Xm-Sn-tbm-√p-sIm≠v inwtim≥ 1000

sên-kvXysc sIm∂p(-15:15).

II. KŸ-I¿ØrXzw

\ymb-[n-]-∑m-cpsS ]pkvXI cN-bn-Xm-hns\ Ipdn®v

hy‡-amb Adn-hn-s√-¶nepw, BZn-a-In-kvXym-\n-I-fpsS

]c-º-cm-KX hnizm-k-]-Im-chpw blqZ X¬aqZv A\p-

k-cn-®pw, \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿, cqØv, iap-th¬ F∂o ]pkvI-

ßƒ Fgp-Xn-bXv iap-th-em-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂p. ]hm-

N-I≥ Hcp Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-sW∂v 1 iap 10:25˛¬ Fgp-

Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv ap≥ Bi-bsØ ]n≥Xm-ßp-∂p. amX-a-

√, iap-th-ens‚ Ime-L- -Øn-emWv CsX-gp-X-s∏´Xv F

∂v CXnse B¥-cnI sXfn-hp-Ifpw shfn-s∏-SpØp-∂p.

III. Fgp-Xnb Imew

Xmsg ]d-bp∂ Imc-W-ß-fm¬ cmP-Io-b-amb `c-W-

Im-e-L-´-Øns‚ a≤y \q‰m-≠n-emWv (1050˛1000 B.C )

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS ]pkvXIw Fgp-X-s∏- Xv F∂v A\p-

am-\n-°p-∂p.

H∂m-a-Xmbn ""A°m-e-Øn¬ bnk-tb-en¬ cmPm-hn-

√m-bn-cp∂p(17:6; 18:1; 19:1; 21:25)F∂ Bh¿Øn-®p≈

ssien Cu ]pkvXIw Fgp-X--s∏-Sp∂ ka-bØv bnk-

tb-en¬ cmPm-hn-√m-bn-cp∂p F∂p shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

c≠m-a-Xm-bn, 1:21˛¬ b_q-ky¿ sbcp-i-te-an¬ D≠m-

bn-cp∂p F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv ZmhoZv B ]´WsØ

]nSn-®-S-°p-∂-Xn\p apºp≈ Hcp ka-bsØ kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂p. Ah-km-\-am-bn, 1:29-˛¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ sKsk¿,

]n¬°m-eØv ^dthm cmPmhv item-tam\v hnhml

kΩm-\-ambn \¬In-b-Xn-\m¬ Cu kw`-h-Øn\p

ap≥]p≈ Hcp Xob-Xn-bmWv A\p-tbm-Py-am-bXv. AXn-

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿

apJ-hpc

256

\m¬ iuens‚ `c-W-Im-etam Zmho-Zns‚ `c-W-Øns‚

Bcw` h¿j-ß-fntem Bbn-cn°mw Cu ]pkvXIw Fgp-

X-s∏- -Xv.

IV. ]›mØ-ehpw ]Xn-]m-Zy-hn-j-bhpw

tbmip-h-bpsS Xe-ap-d-Iƒ acn® tij-ap≈ bnk-

tb¬ PmXn-bpsS NcnXw hnh-cn-°p-∂-XmWv \ymbm-[n-]-

∑m-cpsS ]pkvX-Iw. I\m-\n-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ PmXn-Isf

]q¿Æ-ambn \in-∏n-°p∂Xn¬ P\w ]cm-P-b-s∏- p. kXy-

Øn¬ bnkm-tb¬ P\w PmXn-I-fp-ambn CS-I-e-cp-Ibpw

hnK-lm-cm-[\ ]cn-io-en-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp XXv -e-am-bn,

PmXo-b-cmb ]oU-I-cpsS Iøn-¬ ssZhw ]e-X-hW

bnkm-tb-ens\ Gev]n®p Cu Zmky-th-e- \n-anØw bnk-

tb¬ a\w Xncn-™p. A\p-Xm-]-Øn-te°v h∂p. Aßs\

hnSp-X-en-\p-th≠n Ah¿ Ic-™-t∏mƒ ssZhw Ah¿°p

th≠n \ymbm-[n-]-∑msc Fgp-t∂-ev]n-®p. Cu \mb-I-

∑m-cn¬ \n∂p-amWv Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn\v Cu t]cp e`n-®-

Xv.

HXv\n-tb¬ apX¬ inwtim≥ hsc-bp≈ 325h¿jsØ

kw`-h-ß-fmWv Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≈-Xv.

tIhew `cWw \S-Øp-∂-h¿ F∂-Xn-t\-°m-fp-]cn

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ ]S-\m-b-I-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ hnizm-k-

Øns‚ hoc-]-hr-Øn-I-fn-eqsS ssZhoI \ymb-hn[n \S-

∏n¬ hcp-Øp-I-tbm, As√-¶n¬ Ahsc ]oUn-∏n-°p-∂-

hsc ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-Isbm sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Aß-s\-

bp≈ ]h¿Øn-I-fm¬ P\-Øn\v kzmX-¥yhpw kam[m-

\hpw ]p\ÿm]n°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. bnk-tb-ens\ tamNn-

∏n-°p-hm≥ ssZhw ]¥≠p \ymbm-[n-]-∑msc Fgp-t∂-

ev]n-®p. Ah-cn¬ Nne-sc-°p-dn®v Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬

hnim-e-ambpw a‰p-Nn-e-sc-°p-dn®v Ht∂m ct≠m hmN-I-

ß-fnepw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. H≥]Xp hyXykvX

tKmX-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw h∂ Ah¿ saskm-s∏m-Øm-ay¿,

tamhm-_y¿ sên-kvXy¿, I\m-\y¿, anZym-\y¿, AtΩm-

\y¿ F∂n-h-cpsS Iøn¬ \n∂pw Xß-fpsS P\sØ c£n-

®p. iap-th¬ HgnsI a‰p \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ Bcpw Xs∂

tZiw apgp-h-\mbpw cn-®n-cp-∂n-√.

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS ]pkvXIw Fgp-X-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv

XnI®pw Imem-\p-I-a-am-b-√. Ncn-X-]-chpw ]h-N\ ]c-

hp-amb BapJ hkvXp-X-I-fmWv BZysØ c≠-≤ym-b-

ß-fn¬ D≈-S°w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS

Ncn-Xhpw Imem-\p-I-a-am-b√ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv

(3-˛16. A≤ymbßƒ). \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cn¬ Nne-scms°

Xß-fpsS iXp-°sf Iog-S-°n-bXv Htc ka-b-Øp-Xs∂

Bbn-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww, ]s£ AXp tZiØns‚ hnhn[

`mK-ß-fn-em-bn-cp∂p \S-∂-Xv. ]pkvX-I-ßƒ ]Xn-]m-Zn-

°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂ 400 kwh’cw A\p-I-a-ambn Iq´p-I-

bm-sW-¶n¬, CXn\v thZ-]p-kvXIw A\p-h-Zn-®-Xn-t\-°mƒ

IqSp-X¬ ka-b-am-WnXv F∂ hkvXpX ]tXyIw Hm¿t°-

≠-Xp-≠v. (A.-]hy 13:19,20 ; 1cmPm. 6:1) .

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS Ime-L-´-Ønse kw`-h-ß-fmWv

Ah-km\ A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

(17-˛21). F∂m¬ Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ bnkmtb-en¬

\S∂ aX-]-c-hpw, [m¿Ωn-I-]-chpw B`y-¥-c-hp-amb Agn-

a-Xn-I-fpsS Hcp NcnXw \¬tI-≠-Xn-\m-bn- mWv CXv Ah-

km\w tN¿Øn-cn -°p -∂-X v . CXnse Xmt°m¬

hmIyw(17:6). ""A°m-eØv bnkm-tb-en¬ cmPm-hn-√m-bp-

cp∂p Hmtcm-cp -Ø≥ t_m[n-®-Xp-t]mse \S∂p''

F∂XmWv. CXn¬ B Ime-L-´-Ønse P\-Øns‚

kz`mhw hy‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

ssZh-Øns‚ hm°p-I-sfm-s°bpw \n¿Ω-e-sa-∂pw,

F√m Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-Ifpw ]tbm-P-\-I-c-sa∂pw \mw hniz-

kn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬, hfsc hne-s∏´ Bflob hnj-b-

ßfpw KpW-]m-T-ßfpw \ap-°mbn \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS

]pkvX-I-Øn¬ D≠v. Cu Bflob]mT-ß-fn¬ NneXv

PmXn-I-fmb Nqj-I-∑m-cpsS t]cp-I-fnepw bnkm-tb-ens\

hnSp-hn® \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS t]cp-I-fnepw ad-™n-cn-°p-

∂p. ssZh-P-\sØ ASn-a-Xz-Øn-em-°p-hm≥ ian-°p∂

Cu temI i‡n-I-sf-bmWv ]oUn-∏n-°p-∂-h¿ NnXo-I-

cn-°p-∂-Xv. \ΩpsS Bflob bp≤-Øn¬ \mw t]mcm-´-

Øn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ D]m-[n-sb-bmWv \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿

NnXo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

]mh¿Øn-I-ambn Nne ]tbm-K-ßƒ Rß-fpsS A`n-

]m-b-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. Ah-bn¬ ]eXpw ]ucm-

WnI kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw FSp-Øn- p-≈-Xm-Wv.(1)

\ngep-I-tfbpw ]Xn-cq-]-ß-tfbpw Ipdn-®p≈ ]T\w

A[n-I-am-bm¬ B]-ØmWv km¶¬]n-Ihpw C√mØ

A¿∞-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xp-amb hyJym-\-ßƒ Hgn-hm-°p-hm≥

Rßƒ ian-®n-´p-≠v. F∂n--cp-∂mepw Nne t]cp-I-fpsS

A¿∞-ßƒ hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-a-√∂v kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-

°p∂p km≤y-amb ÿe-ß-fn-se√mw ]I-c-am-bp≈

A¿∞-ßƒ Rßƒ sImSp-Øn-´p-≠v.

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿

257

bnkm-tb-ense \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿

258

D≈-S°w

I. ]p\x-c-h-tem-I-\hpw ]tXyI ]Z¿i-\-hpw (1:1-˛3:6).

A. ]n¬°m-e-Øn-te-s°mcp t\m´w (1:1˛2:10)

B. ap≥t]m-s´mcp t\m´w (2:11-˛3:6)

II. \ymb-[n-]-∑m-cpsS Ime-L-´w (3:7˛16:31)

A. HXv\o-tb¬ (3:7˛11)

B. Glq-Zv (3:12-˛30)

C. iwK¿ (3:31)

D. sZt_m-cbpw _mcm-°pw (-A.4.5)

1. Ah-cpsS NcnXw KZy-cq-]-Øn¬ (-A.4)

2. Ah-cpsS NcnXw ]Zy cq]Øn¬ (-A.5)

E. KnZ-tbm≥ (6:1˛8:32)

1. tkh-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ KnZ-tbms‚ hnfn (A.6)

2. KnZ-tbms‚ ap∂qdv t]cv (A.7)

3. s^en-kvXy-cp-sS-ta-ep≈ KnZ-tbms‚ hnP-bw ( 8:1˛32)

F. A_o-a-te-°ns‚ ]nSn-s®-Sp-°¬ (8:33˛9:57)

G. tXmebpw bmbo-cpw (10:1˛5)

H. bn]vXm-lv (10:6˛12:7)

1. bnkm-tb-ens‚ ZpxJw (10:6-˛18)

2. bnkm-tb-en-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ bn]vXm-lns‚ c£-Ww (11:1˛28)

3. bn]vXm-lns‚ Xocp-am-\w (11:29-˛40)

4. bn]vXmlv F^-bo-aysc kwl-cn-°p-∂p (12:1˛7)

I. C_vkm-\pw, Gtem-\pw, A_vtZm-\pw (12:8˛15)

J. inwtim≥ (-A.13-˛16)

1. inwtims‚ ssZhoI ]mc-ºcyw (A.13)

2. inwtims‚ hncp∂pw IS-¶-Ybpw (A.14)

3. inwtims‚ ]Xn-Imc \S-]Sn (A.15)

4. inwtim≥ Zeo-e-bm¬ h©n-°-s∏-´p (A.16)

III. aX, [m¿ΩnI, cmjvSob A[x-]-X-\w (-A.17-˛21)

A. aoJm-hns‚ aX ÿm]-\w (-A.17˛21)

B. aoJmhpw Zm\ycpw (A.18)

C. tehy\pw Xs‚ sh∏m-´n-bpw (-A.19)

D. s_\ym-ao-\p-am-bp≈ bp≤w (A.20,21)

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿

259

hymJym\w

I. ]p\c-h-tem-I-\hpw ]tXyI]Z¿i-\-hpw(1:1˛3:6)

A. ]n¬°me-Øn-te-s°mcp t\m´w (1:1˛2:10)

1:1˛3 tbmip-h-bp-sS-a-c-W-ti-jw(2:8 ambn Xmc-Xayw

sNøp-I) sX°v I\m-\y-cp-am-bp≈ bp≤-Øn\p blq-Zm-

tKmXw t\XrXzw \evIn. hnPb kw_-‘-am-bp≈

ssZhoI hmKvZØw \ne-hn-en-cn-s°, blqZm ina-tbm≥

tKmX-Øns‚ klmbw Bh-iy-s∏- -Xv, ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬

]q¿Æ-ambn Bi-bn-°phm\p≈ Ah-cpsS hnizm-k-°p-

d-hn-s\-bmWv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv.

1:4- 7 t_k°nse \nhm-kn-I-fpsS taem-bn-cp∂p Ah-

cpsS BZy hnP-bw. Ah-cn¬ ]Xn-\m-bncw t]sc sIm∂-

tijw Ahn-Sp-sØ cmPmhv Xs‚ sshcn-I-tfmSv sNbvX-

Xp-t]m-se, Xs‚bpw ssIIm-ep-I-fnse s]cp-hn-c¬

apdn®p If-™p. ssZhw Iev]n-®-Xp-t]m-se( Bh.7:24)

Ahs\ sIm∂p If-tb-≠-Xm-bn -cp -∂p, F∂m¬

AXn\p]Icw Ahs\ hnI-emw-K-\m-°n. tbcp-i-te-an-

te°v sIm≠p-t]m-bn, ]n¬°m-eØv AhnsSh®v Xm≥

acn-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-bXv. Xß-fpsS tZi-Øp-≠m-bn-cp∂

PmXn-I-fp-am-bp≈ bnkm-tb-ens‚ CS-]m-Snse A\p-k-

c-W-tI-Sn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ mhn-kq-N-\-bm-WnXv \evIp-∂-Xv.

Ahsc ]q¿Æ-ambn \in-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v ]Icw bnk-tbm¬

Ahsc tIhew apS-¥-cm-°pI amX-am-bn-cp∂p sNbvX-

Xv. Aß-s\-bp≈ `mKo-I-amb A\p-k-cWw A\p-k-c-

W-t°-Sm-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ ]n¬°m-eØv B blq-Z-∑m¿

henb hne sImSp-t°-≠-Xmbn h∂p.

1:8 sbcp-itew \Kcw Xobn´p Np´p-I-f-™-Xn-\m¬

blq-Zbv°v Ah¿s°-Xnsc henb tXmXn-ep-ff hnP-b-

ap-≠m-bn. F∂m¬ b_q-kysc Ah-cpsS tIm´-I-fn¬

\n∂pw ]pd-Øm-°p-hm≥ s_\yao\y¿t°m, blq-

Zybvt°m Ign-™n√ (tbm-ip15:21-˛63 `mjyw ImWp-I).

Zmho-Zns‚ Imew hsc AXn\p Ign-™n-√. (2-i-ap. 5:6,7).

1:9- 15 blq-Z-bmWv slt_≥ ]nSn-®-S-°n-bXv F∂m¬

Cu ]´Ww Iog-S-°m-\p≈ DØ-c-hm-ZnØw Imte-_n-

t‚-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v tbmip-h-bpsS ]pkvXIw 14, 15

A≤ym-b-ßƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. Imte_v blqZm

tKmX-Øn-ep-≈-h-\m-b-Xp-sIm≠v ta¬ ]d™ Imcy-

ßƒ hntcm-[- m-k-sam-∂p-an-√. Hcp ]s£ 9,10 hmIy-ßƒ

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ]´Ww Imte_v ]nSn-®-S-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bm-

bn-cn-°mw, (20-˛mw hmIy-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I)

A√msX tbmip-h-bpsS ac-W-ti-j-ap≈ Hcp bmXsb

Ipdn-®m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn√ AXv. HXv\n-tb¬ IncyØv tk^¿

]nSn-®-S-°n-bXv apºm-bn-cp-∂psh¶nepw (tbm-ip-h. 15:16-

˛19) Cu ka-bØv 11-˛15 hsc-bp≈ hmIy-ßƒ AXm-

h¿Øn®p ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

1:16 tI\y¿ Hcn-°epw blq-Zm-]-£Øp tN¿∂n-√,

F¶nepw Ah¿ blq-Zm-a-°-tfm-Sp-IqsS ]m¿Øp h∂p

1:17- 21 tlm¿Ω, Kmkm, AkvI-tem≥, FtIm≥ apX-

emb ]´-W-ßfpw blqZm Iogvs∏-Sp-Øn-sb-¶nepw B

hnP-b-ßƒ ]q¿Æ-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Xmgv∂ ]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ Xma-

kn-®n-cp-∂-h¿°v Ccpºv cY-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿s°-

Xnsc Hcm-I-aWw kam-cw- n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ hnizmkw blq-

Z-bv°n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ]Xn-Iqe kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ Aim¥

]cn-iaw sNøp-hm≥ Ah¿ Xmev]-cy-s∏- p-cp-∂n-√. ZmhoZv

sbcp-itew ]nSn-®-Sp-°-∂-Xn\p apºv \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS

]pkvXIw Fgp-X-s∏´p F∂ kqN\ 21- mw hmIyw \evIp

∂p.

1:22-˛26 a‰p hnP-b-ß-fpsS AwKo-Imcw tbmk-^ns‚

c≠p tKmX-ßƒ°p amX-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. (sl-t_m≥,

IncyØv tk^¿ F∂n-hsb kw_-‘n-®p≈ BZysØ

hmIy-ßƒ tijvT tk\m-[n-]-Xn-bmb tbmip-h-bpsS

ImesØ Xncn™p i≤n°p∂Xp-t]m-se, tbmip-h- C-

t∏mgpw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v (tbm-ip12:16), Cu

hmIy-ßƒ Hcp ]s£ _tY-ens‚ taep≈ hnP-b-sØ-

bmhmw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv). apºv eqkv F∂-dn-b-s∏- n-cp∂

s_tY¬ ]´-WsØ Ah¿ BI-an®v \in-∏n®p If-

™p. F∂m¬ Xßsf klm-bn® cmPy tZmlnbv°v

kpc-£n-XXzw hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂-Xn¬ Ah¿ sX‰n-t∏m-

bn. Ah≥ X¬£Ww lnXy-cpsS tZiØv eqkv F∂

t]cn¬ as‰mcp ]´Ww ]Wn-bp-hm≥ Bcw-`n-®p. \ymbw

hn[n-°-s∏-SmØ ]m]w Ah-ti-jn-°p-Ibpw ]n¬°m-

eØv AXns\ FXn-cn-tS-≠-Xmbpw hcp-∂p.

1:27-˛36 hS°pw a≤y-`m-K-Øp-ap≈ Ggp tKmX-ßƒ

XßfpsS `q]-tZ-k-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw I\m-\ysc HmSn®p

If-bp-∂-Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p. AXn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv Cu

A≤ym-b-Ønse XpS¿∂p≈ hmIy-ß-fn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-

cn-°p-∂Xv s_\ym-ao≥ (hm. 21). a\s» (hm.27,28)

F^bnw (hm.29) tk_p-eq≥ (hm,30), Ati¿ (hm30,

31), \^vXmen (hm.33) Zm≥ (h. 34-˛36) F∂n-h-bm-bn-

cp∂p B tKmX-ßƒ.

2:1˛5 Ah-cpsS A\p-k-c-W-t°Sp \nanØw btlm-h-

bpsS ZqX≥ (I¿Øm-hmb tbip) t_m°o-an¬ h®v (hn-

e-]n-°p-∂-h¿) Ahsc imkn®p Ah¿ KnevKm-en¬ (A-

\p-K-l-Øns‚ ÿew) \n∂pw t_m°n-an-te°v (hn-e-]n-

°p∂ ÿew) h∂p F∂m-Wv1˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂-

Xv. hnP-b-Øns‚ ÿe-Øp-\n∂pw bnk-tb¬ hnem-]-

ÿ-e-tØ°p t]mbn-cp∂p I\m-\ysc tZiØp \n∂pw

HmSn-®p-I-f-bp-∂-Xnepw Ah-cpsS hnKm-lm-cm-[-\m-]-c-amb

_en-]o-T-ßƒ \in-∏n-°p-∂-Xnepw Ah≥ ]cm-P-b-s∏- p.

AXp-sIm≠v ssZhw tZi\nhm-kn-Isf Ah-cpsS

apºn¬\n∂pw \o°n-I-f-bp-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw bnkm-tb-ens\

]oUn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ahsc A\p-h-Zn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p

Aßs\ AXn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ XpS¿∂p≠m ]oV-

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 1,2

260

\-ß-fpsS Imc-W-ß-fmWv 1˛15 hmIy-ß-fn¬ hnh-cn-®n-cn-

°p-∂-Xv. P\w D®-Øn¬ Ic-™p. B ÿm\-Øn\p

t_m°nw F∂p t]cn-´-Xn¬ AXn-i-bn-°m-\n√!

2:6˛10 tbmip-h-bpsS Pohn-Xm-h-km-\-tØmbpw Ah-

\n¬ \n∂pw tijn® Xe-ap-d-I-tfbpw Ipdn®p≈ ]p\-c-

h-tem-I-\-amWv 1˛6 hmIy-ß-fn¬ Im-Wp-∂-Xv. Bh¿Ø\

]pkvXIw 6˛mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬, ssZhw Xs‚ P\-Øn\p

Nne ]tXyI Iev]-\-Iƒ \evIn-b-Xmbn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p.

Ahsb A\p-k-cn-°m≥ Ign-bmsX t]mb-Xn-\m¬ 10-˛mw

hmIy-Øn¬ ]Xn-]-Zn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ hyk-\-I-c-amb Nne

Ah-ÿ-I-fn-te°v Ah¿ \S-Ø-s∏-´p. ssZh-P-\-Øns‚

A\p-k-c-W-an-√mbva aqew Bflob tXXr-Xz-Øn¬ h∂

Ipdhv hy‡-ambn AhnsS shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn

ImWmw. btlm-hsb b-s∏ v Ahs‚ Iev]\Iƒ ]am-

Wn-t°-W-sa∂v ap≥ Xe-apd Ah-cpsS a°sf ]Tn∏n®ncp-

∂n-√. ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS Cu DZm-ko-\X Xß-fpsS a°ƒ

sX‰n-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xn\p Imc-W-am-bn-Øo¿∂p.

B. apt∂m-s´mcp t\m´w (2:11˛-3:6)

2:11-˛19 ]XypXm \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS apgp-h≥ Ime-

L-´-sØ-°p-dn-®p-ap≈ Hcp Zriy ]Z¿i-\-amWv tijn-

°p∂ hmIy-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂Xv B Ime-L- sØ hnti-

jn-∏n-°p∂ \mep-hn[ BhyØn Ah shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

]m]w(-hm.11-˛13) (Sin )

ASna-Xzw(-hm.14,15)(Servitide)

hn\oXm-`y¿∞\ (C-hnsS ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-ń-ń-√,

F∂m¬ 3:9, 3:15, 4:3 apX-embh ImWp-I).

(Supplication)

c£(-hm.16- 18)(Salvation)

Cu kz`m-h-coXn Xmsg ]dbpw ]Im-chpw hnh-cn-°mw.

adp-X-en-∏v(Rebellion)

ssZhin£(Retribution)

am\-km-¥cw(Repentance)

kzÿX(Rest)

sP≥k≥ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \ymbm-[n-]-∑msc

Ipdn-®p≈ Cu kwK-lw(-hm.11-˛19) Cu ]pkvX-I-Ø-ep-

S-\ofw hy‡-am-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-°mØ

c≠p kXy-ß-fn-te°v hnc¬ Nq≠p∂p.

(1) a\pjy lyZ-b-Øns‚ \ncm-im-P-\-I-amb ZpjvS-

X, AXns‚ IrX-Lv\-X-tbbpw, \n¿_‘ _p≤n-tbbpw,

AXn-I-a-tØbpw t`mj-Xz-tØ-bpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

bnk-tb-ens‚ ]q¿Æ A[x-]-X-\w, btlm-h-bpsS \nc-

¥-c-amb Ir] F∂o c≠p kXy-ßsf CX kq£va-

ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXp hyXymkw ImWn-®n-cn-°p∂

as‰mcp ]pkvX-Ihpw ss__n-fn-en-√.(2)

2:20-˛23 bnkm-tb¬ \nc-¥cw AXn-I-a-t°-Sn¬ \ne-

\n-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Xs‚ P\-Øn-\p≈ ITn-\-in-£-sb-

t∂mWw PmXn-If tZiØp A[n-h-kn-°p-hm≥ btlmh

A\p-h-Zn®p (hm.20-˛23). A\p-k-c-W-t°-Sn-\p≈ in£

F∂ H‰ Imc-W-Øm¬ amX-am-bn-cp-∂n√ I\m-\ysc apgp-

h≥ tZi-Øp-\n∂pw HmSn-®p-I-f-bm-Xn-cp-∂-Xv. adn®v bnkm-

tb-ens\ ]co--£n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw(-hm.22,3:4) bp≤-Øn-\mbn

hcpw Xe-ap-dsb ]cn-io-en-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂p

ssZhw PmXn-Isf Ah-cp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ tijn-∏n-®-Xv(3:1,2)

F¥p-sIm≠v ssZhw hnizm-kn-Isf ]iv\-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw

]co-£-I-fn-eq-sSbpw IS-Øn-hn-Sp∂p F∂-Xn\v Nne

Dƒ°m-gvN-Iƒ ChnsS \n∂pw \ap°v e`n-°p-∂p. ""Ah¿

ssZh-Øns‚ hgn-Isf ImØp kq£n-°ptam C√tbm''

F∂p ssZh-Øn\dn-b-W-am-bn-cp-∂p(-hm.22).

3:1˛4 bnk-tb-ens\ ]co-£n-°p-hm-\mbn tijn-∏n®

PmXn-I-fpsS Hcp ]ńI 3˛mw hmIy-Øn¬ sImSp-Øn- p≠v;

A©p sênkvXy ]`p-°-∑m-cpw, I\m-\y-sc-√m-h-cpw,

kotZm-\y-cpw, se_-t\m≥ ]¿∆-X-Øn¬ ]m¿Øn-cp∂

lnhy-cp-am-bn-cp∂p Ah¿.

H∂m-asØ ]h¿Øn Bcw- n-°p-I-bm-Wn-hnsS: ]m]w.

(hm.5- 7) ASn-aØw (hm.8); hn\o-Xm- y¿∞\(hm.9);c£(-

hm.9-˛11).

3:5,6 Ggp PmXob cmPy-ß-fn¬ Bsd-Æ-Øns‚ \Sp-

hn¬ bnkm-tb¬ Pohn-®-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-™n-´p≠v.

aq∂mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ cmPy-ß-tfm-sS-∏w,

lnXy¿, AtΩm-cy¿, s]cn-ky¿ lnhy¿ sb_qky¿ F∂n-

h-tcbpw ChnsS Iqń-t®¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p. Kn¿§-ky-cm-bn-

cp∂p GgmasØ PmXn-Iƒ(tbm-ip3:10;24:11)

Xmtgm-´p≈ Hmtcm NI-Øn-t‚bpw Bcw-`sØ

°pdn®v tUm. tImsl≥ Npcp°n hnh-cn-°p∂p:

bnkm-tb¬ P\w tami-bpsS ap∂-dn-bn∏v hI-h-

bv°msX Xt±-i-hm-kn-I-fp-ambn CS-I-e¿∂v Ahsc

hnhmlw sNbvX-Xns‚ e-ambn hgn-]n-g-∏n-°p∂ Bcm-

[\mkº-Zm-b-ßƒ Ah¿ ]I¿Øn-sb-Sp-Øp. (3)

II. \ymbm[n-]-∑m-cpsS Ime-L- w

( 3:7˛16:31)

A. HXv\otb¬(3:7˛11)

3:7,8 PmXn-I-sf- hnhmlw sNbvXp Ah-cpsS hnK-l-

ßsf Bcm-[n®XneqsS P\w btlm-hbv°v A\n-jvS-am-

bp-≈Xv sNbvXp. Aip-≤nbpw A[m¿Ωn-I-Xbpw (hm.6)

hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bn-te°v \bn-°p-∂p(-hm.7) I\m-\nse \nhm-

kn-I-fp-ambn CS-I-e¿∂m-ep-≠m-Ip∂ Xn‡m-\p- -h-ß-sf-

°p-dn®v ssZhw t\csØ ap∂-dn-bn∏v sImSp-Øn-cp-∂p.

ssZho-Im-\p-`-h-ßƒ ]m]n-°-W-sa-∂p-s≠-¶n¬, Ah¿

Hcp hnip-≤-P-\-am-I-bm¬ Aip-≤n-bn¬\n∂pw th¿s]´v

Pohn-t°-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp∂p (Bh 7:3˛6). F´p h¿j-tØ-

bv°v, saskm-s∏m-Øm-ay-bnse cmPm-hmb Ipi≥ cnim-

Y-bo-an‚ Iøn¬ Gev]n-®p-sIm≠v ssZhw bnkm-tb-

ens\ c£n-®p. Ccń ZpjvS-X-bp≈ a\p-jy≥ F∂¿∞-

ap≈ Iqiv F∂m-bn-cp∂p Ahs‚ t]cv.

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 2,3

261

3:9-˛11 P\-Øns‚ \nc-¥-c-amb \ne-hn-fn-bpsS ^e-

ambn \mev]Xp h¿j-tØ°p tZiØp kzÿX D≠m-

tI-≠-Xn\pw iXp-°-fn¬ \n∂pw Ahsc c£n-t°-≠-

Xn-\p-ambn Imte-_ns‚ A\-¥-c-h-\mb HXv\n-tb-ens\

ssZhw Fgp-t∂-ev]n-®p. HXv\n-tb¬ (ssZ-h-Øns‚

knwlw)-t\-csØ ]nSn-®-S-°nb IncyØv tk^¿ (]p-kvX-

I-Øns‚ ]´Ww) Z_o¿ (Po-hn-°p∂ Hcp Acp-f-∏m-Sv).

B°n am‰n. ssZh-h-N\w sIm≠v hnizmkw sNøp-∂Xv

CXm-Wv.

B.GlqZv (3:12-˛30)

3:12- 14 c≠m-asØ NI-Øn¬, ]Xn-s\´p h¿j-tØ°v

bnkm-tb¬ tamhm_y cmPm-hmb Ft•m\m¬ ]nSn-®-S-

°-s∏-´p

3:15- 30 s_\ym-ao≥ tKmX-Ønse CS-¶-ø-\mb Glq-

Z-Zn-s\-bmWv Cu ka-bØv \mb-I-\m-bn Fgp-t∂-ev]n-®-

Xv. Ft•m≥ cmPm-hn\v D]-Im-c-kva-cWbmbn Hcp ImgvN

FØn-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠nbm-bn-cp∂p Ah≥ P\-Øm¬

\nb-an-°-s∏-´-Xv. Ccp-hm-bvØ-e-bp≈ Hcp Npcn-Ibpw

Ah≥ Xs‚ hkvX-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Hfn-∏n®p h®n-cp-∂p.

ImgvN-h®p Ign-™t∏mƒ cmPm-hn\p blqZ hnj-b-Øn-

ep≈ Xs‚ at\m-`mhw kw_-‘n®v Bizmkw tXm∂n-

bn-cn-°-Ww. At∏m-gmWv GlqZv Hcp kzImcy ktµiw

N¿®-sN-øp-∂-Xn\p th≠n Aev]w kzIm-cyX Bh-iy-s∏-

-Xv. Aßs\ Ah-s‚ Imh¬°m-sc-sb√mw ]d-™-b®p

Ign-™-t∏mƒ GlqZv cmPm-hns\ sIm∂n v HmSn-s∏m-bv°-

f-™p. Cu ]h¿Øn shfn-®-Øm-b-t∏m-g-tØ°pw GlqZv

F√m bnkm-tbm¬ a°-tfbpw Iq n-h-cp-Øn, tamhm-_y¿s°-

XnscsN∂p. ]n≥hmßnb ]Xn-\m-bncw ]S-bm-fn-I-sf

sIm∂pIf-™p. AXn-\p-tijw F¨]Xp h¿j-tØ°v

bnk-tb¬ kzÿX A\p- -hn-®p.

[ym\w(tK-c, hm.15) kvXpXnbv°v (G-lq-Zv)-P∑w \evIn-

b-t∏mƒ , temI-\m-b-I≥(-F-t•m≥) aq¿®-tb-dnb Ccp-

hm-bvØ-e-bp≈ hmfn-\m¬(th-Z-]p-kvX-Iw) in£ hn[n-

°-s∏-´p. CS-¶-ø-\mb Hcp a\p-jy-\m¬ hN\w D]-tbm-

Kn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ t]mepw AXp \S-°p-∂p.

bnkm-tb-ense G‰hpw i‡-amb tKmX-am-bn-cp∂

blqZm tKmX-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-h-\m-bn-cp∂p HXv\n-tb¬.

F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ G‰hpw sNdnb tKmX-amb s_\ym-

ao≥ tKmX-Øn-¬ \n∂p≈h\mbn-cp∂p Glq-Zv. hep-

tXm, sNdptXm GXm-bmepw hnP-b-Øn-\p-th≠n AXn-

s\ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ ssZh-Øn\p Ignbpw, ImcWw

GXp-hn-[-am-bmepw i‡n ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p-amWv hcp-

∂-Xv. hntam-N-N-\-Øn-s‚ Dd-hnSw a\p-jy-\-√, adn®v Ah¿

tIhew AXn-s‚ GP‚p-am¿ amX-am-Wv.

iwK¿(3:31)

3:31 Cu \ymbm-[n-]-s\-°p-dn®v H‰ hmN-I-Øn¬

amXta ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n- p≈p. Ah≥ Hcp apSn-t¶m¬ sIm≠v

600 s^en-kvXysc sIm∂p. (Im-f-Isf IpØp-∂-Xn-\p-]-

tbm-Kn-°p∂ Hcp aq¿®-bp≈ D]-I-c-WamWv apSn-t¶m¬).

""_e-lo-\-amb Hcp hkvXp'' D]-tbm-Kn®p henb hnPbw

]q¿Øo-I-cn® kw`-h-ß-fn¬ H∂m-Wn-Xv. ssZh-h-N-\w

(-ap-Sn-t¶m¬˛ k`m-]-kwKn 12:11 ImWpI). i‡-ambn

ssIImcyw sNøp∂ Hcp Xo¿X-∞m-S-I\v (iw-K¿) ssZh-

a-°-f-sS-bn-S-bn¬ Ae-™p-Xn-cn-bp-∂-hsc (s -en-kvXy¿)

]cm-P-b-s∏-SpØn ]mbn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°pw,

D. sZt_m-cbpw _mcm-°pw (A.4,5)

1. Ah-cpsS Ncn-Xw, KZy cq]-Øn¬ (A.4)

4:1-˛3 Im\ms‚ i‡n tIµ-amb lmtkm-cnse cmPm-

hmb bm_o≥ Bbn-cp∂p ASpØ ]oU-I≥ kosk-c-

bm-bn-cp∂p Xs‚ tk\m-]-Xn. Xs‚ hnti-j-s∏´ 900

bp≤-c-Y-ßƒ sIm≠v Ccp-]Xv h¿jw Ah≥ bnkm-tb-

en-s\ Xs‚ `c-W-Øn≥ Iogn¬ \n¿Øn.

4:4˛9 Cu ka-bØv ssZhw Hcp ]pcp-js\ Fgp-t∂-

ev]n-®n√, ]Icw _e-lo\ hn`m-K-Øn¬ \n∂pw sZt_mc

F∂p t]cmb Hcp ]hm-N-In-sb AXm-bXv Hcp kvXosb

Fgp-t∂-ev]n-®p. (B-flob A[n-Im-c-ÿm\w Hcp kvXo

Gs‰-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\p≈ Hcp amXr-I-bm-bn-cp-∂n√. CXv, adn®v

CXv A[:]X-\-Øns‚ HcpIme-L- -am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-fpsS

hnjbw Hcp \nb-a- \-S-]-Sn-b√ adn®v hyXykvXXbp-≈-

Xm-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬, C∂sØ k`-I-fnse kvXoI-fpsS

]¶m-fn-Ø-Øn\v Hcp amXr-I-bmbn sZc-t_m-csb D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-√. Xs∂-bp-a√ CXp bnkm-tb-ens\

kw_-‘n-®p- hnjbw AWv k`sb kw_-‘n® hnjbw

A√.) kok-c-bpsS ssk\ysØ BI-an-t°-≠-Xn\v hS-

t°m´p t]mIp-hm≥ sZt_mc _mc-°ns\ Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-

Øn, F∂m¬ Ahƒ IqsS sN√msX Xm≥ t]mIn-

√∂v Ah≥ ]d-™p. ssk\ysØ \bn-°p-hm≥ Xm≥

hnk-Ω-Xn-®-Xp-sIm≠v kok-c-bpsS taep≈ hnPbw

X\n°p ]Icw Hcp kvXobv°mbn-cn°pw F∂v Ahƒ

Ahs\ Ad-bn-®p.

4:10˛16 ssZhw Iev]n-®-Xp-t]mse sZt_mc ap≥I-

sø-SpØv _mc-°ns\ hnfn-°p-Ibpw kosk-c-bp-ambn

bp≤w sNøphm≥ Iev]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬

F_mb teJ\w 11:32-˛¬ sZt_m-c-b-√,- _m-c-°ns‚

hnizmk-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xv, BZyw

Aev]w aSn-Im-Wn-s®-¶n-epw, hnizm-k-Øm¬ Ah≥

btlm-h-bpsS hm°-\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw bnkm-tb-ens\

hnSp-hn -°bpw sNbvXp. (NIV `mjm¥-c-]-Im-cw,

NIKJV˛¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse hmIyw 11 se

tlm_m_v tami-bpsS AΩm-b-∏-\√ adn®v Xs‚ Afn-

b-\m-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww)

Xmt_m¿ ae-bpsS sXs° Ncn-hn-ep≈ ]Xn-\m-bncw

t]c-S-ßp∂ Xs‚ ssk\ysØ _mc°v ]c-ky-ambn

ImWn®p. koskc Xs‚ Ccbv°p t\sc ]pd-s∏-´p.

ltcm-ti-Øns‚ sX°p-`m-K-Øp≈ DW-ßnb \ne-Øp-

IqSn Xm\pw Xs‚ cY-ßfpw Iotim≥ \Zn IS-∂p. Ah¿

Xm\-®ns\ e£y-am°n ]pcm-X\ cmP-ho-Yn-bn-eqsS

sX°p Ing°p `mK-tØ°v AXn-thKw \oßn. bnk-

tb¬ sX°v F^-bn-an¬ \n∂pw sb\n≥ (5:14) Xmgvhc-

bn¬ ]th-in-®p. _mc-°n-t\mSpw Ioin-t\mSpw sX°v

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 3,4

262

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS hnh-cWw

]oUn-∏n-°p-∂-h¿ A¿∞wAYhm ]Xn-cq]w ]oU\

Imew

c£-I≥ A¿∞w kzÿ-X-bpsS

h¿j-ßƒ

hmIy

kqNnI

saskm-s∏m-Øm-ay-bn-se

cmPm-hmb Iqi≥cnim-

Ymbnw

Iqiv Cc ZpjvS-X-bp≈ a\p-jy≥,

kzbw-]-iw-k-°m-c≥,Al-¶mcn8 HXv\o-tb¬ ssZh-Øns‚

knwlw, ssZh-Øns‚

i‡n

40 3:7- 11

tamhm-_y-cm-Pm-hmb Ft•m≥ Bh-cWw sFlnI DtZymKw 18GlqZv ]Xm]w/alna

s^en-kvXy¿ ssZh-P-\-Øn-s‚bnS-bn¬ Ae-

™p-X -cn -bp -∂-h¿ AYhm

]mIyX aXw

iwK¿ hgn -t]m -°≥ AY-hm -

Xo¿∞m-S-I≥

Im\m -\nse lmtk-cns‚

cmPm-hmb sbm_n≥ Ahs‚

tk\m-]-Xn- ko-kc

]cn -⁄m\w/a\pjy _p≤n -

bpsS ÿncX; bp≤-ap-∂-Wn,

A¿∞w Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂n√

20 sZt_mc

_mcm°

tX\o®

an∂¬

anZym\y¿ t]mcm-´w, kwL-´-\w, temIw 7 KnZ-tbm≥

A _ o - t a -

se°v

tXmem

bmbo¿

apdn-®n-Sp-∂-h≥

_m¬ Xs∂ hyh-l-cn-

°-s´

Fs‚ ]nXmhv

vcmPm-hm-bn-cp∂p

Hcp ]pgp

shfn®w sImSp -°p-∂-

h≥

AtΩm-\y¿ Imcy -Im -c -W-XXzw AYhm

sX‰mb D]-tZiw

18 bn]vXmlv

bn_vkm≥

Gtem-≥

A_vtZm≥

Ah≥ Xpd°pw

A¿∞w-hy-‡-a√

A¿∞w hy‡-a√

tkh\w

s^en-kvXy¿ ]mIrX aXw 40- inwtim≥ sNdnb kqcy≥ 20 13:1- 16:31

6

7

10

8

10:6˛12:7

12:8˛15

40

3

23

22

80

40

3:1-2˛30

3:31

4:1- 5:31

6:1˛8:35

9:1- 57

10:1,2

10;3˛5

263\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 4,5

Xm\m®v Xmgvh-c-bn-ep≈ Xs‚ ssk\y-tØmSpIqsS

tNcp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Zt_mc BI-a-W-Øn\v Blzm\w

sNbvXp. (hm.14). cY-ßƒs°-Xn-cmbn Imemƒ! B

\n¿Æm-bI L -Øn¬ ag-s]-øp-Ibpw B Xmgvhc sNfn-

°p-gn-bmbn Xo¿∂-Xn-\m¬ cY-ßƒ°pw IpXn-c-Iƒ°pw

bmX ]bm-k-ap-≈-Xmbn Xocp-Ibpw sNbvXp(5:4)

Imemƒ ]Sbv°v AXv ]tbm-P-\-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. _mc°v

bp≤w IqSp-X¬ i‡-am°n kosk¿ Xs‚ ssk\o-I-

cn¬\n∂pw H‰-s∏ v HmSn-t∏mbn. \mb-I-\n-√msX ssk\yw

Imem-fmbn s]mcpXn ]cn-N-b-an-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ Xß-fpsS

c£-°mbn HmSn-t∏mbn. ag XpS¿∂-Xp-aqew Iotim≥

Xmgvh-c-bn¬ sh≈-s∏m-°-ap-≠m-bn. bnkm-tb-en-s‚ ]b-

Xv\-Øn¬ sIm√-s∏-Sm-Ø-h¿ ltcm-ti-Øn\v t\sc

tXmSp-\o-¥n-°-b-dp-hm≥ ian-®-t∏mƒ Hgp-In-t∏m-bn(-hm.10-

˛16; 5:20,21-˛-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I).

˛(-kvIn-]vN¿ bqWn-bs‚ ssZ\w-Zn\ Ipdn-∏v)

4:17-˛24 tI\y\mb bmtb-ens‚ IqSm-c-Øn¬ A`bw

tXSnb kok-cbv°v Ahƒ £-Whpw Xma-khpw \evIn.

Ah≥ Dd-ßp-tºmƒ bmtb¬ Ahs‚ sN∂n-bn¬ IqSm-

c-Øns‚ Ip‰n ASn-®n-d-°n. Ahs\ At\z-jn®v _mcm°v

AXp-hgn IS-∂p-t]m-b-t∏mƒ, Xs‚ iXp-hns‚ arX-i-

cocw ImWp-hm≥ bmtb¬ Ahs\ AI-tØ°v £Wn-

®p. 9˛mw hmIy-Ønse sZt_m-c-bp-sS ]h-N\w \nh¿Øn-

bm-bXv A]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. ssZhoI ⁄m\-Øn\p

hntcm-[-ambn kzbw Db¿Ø-s∏´ am\p-jnI ⁄m\sØ

(bm_o≥) \njv]-`-am-°p-hm≥ tIhew Hcp tX\o-®sb

(sZ-t_m-c)-ssZhw D]-tbm-Kn-®p. iXp-°-fp-sS-ta¬ \ymb-

hn[n an∂¬ (_m-c-°v) t]mse h∂p. i‡n-bpsS I]-S-

th-j-ßsf Xmsg-bn-d-°p-hm≥ bmtb¬ (I-b-dp-∂-hƒ)

IqSm-c-Øn-s‚ Hcp Ip‰n (A-h-fpsS ]c-tZi Pohn-X-Øns‚

Hcp km£yw) amX-amWv D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv. Np‰nI ssZh-

h-N-\sØ Ipdn-°p∂p(bn-c 23:29).

2. Ah-cpsS NcnXw ]Zycq]-Øn¬ (A.5)

5:1˛5 ]mtNmZn-X kmln-Xy-Ønse k¿∆-Im-eo-\-amb

Hcp ]ucm-WnI kmln-XyIrXn-bmWv _mc-°n-s‚bpw

Zmt_m-c-bp-tSbpw ]m´p-Iƒ. ]mcw-`-Øn¬ btlm-hsb

hmgvØnb tijw, GtZm-an-s‚ AXn-cp-hn´v bnkm-tb¬

hmKvZØ \m´n-te°v \oßn-b-t∏mƒ btlmh hnPb

ioemfn-X-bmbn apt∂-dn-b-Xns\ sZt_mc kvacn-°p-

Ibmbncp∂p. bn-k-tbm-ens‚ ssZh-amb btlm-h-bpsS

al-Xz-Øn\p ap≥]n¬ F√m FXn-cp-Ifpw Aen-™p-t]m-

bn.

5:6,7 iwK-dn-s‚ ImesØ Ah-ÿ-Isf Ipdn-®mWv

]n∂o-S-hƒ hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv. s]cp-h-gn-Iƒ iq\y-am-b-Xm-bn-

cp-∂p. A∂sØ A]-I-Sw. sIm≈-kw-L-ßsf Hgn-hm-

°p-hm≥ hgn-t]m-°¿ t\sc-bp≈ ]mX-Iƒ Hgn-hm°n

hf™ hgn-I-fn-eqsS k©-cn-®p. sZt_mc bnk-tb-

ens‚ c£-I-bmbn Fgp-t∂-ev°p-∂-Xp-hsc Kma-hm-kn-

Iƒ Xß-fp-sS `h-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw ]pd-Øp-h-cp-hm≥

ss[cy-s∏- n-cp-∂n-√.

5:8 P\w hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bn-te°v Xncn-™Xp sIm≠v

tZiØv bp≤hpw c‡-s®m-cn -®nepw ÿnc-am -Ip -

Ibpw,bp≤w sNøp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Bbp-[-ßƒ bnk-tb-en¬

C√msX hcn-Ibpw sNbvXp.

5:9˛15 ssZhw _mcm-°n-t\bpw sZt_m-c-tbbpw Fgp-

t∂-ev]n-®-t∏mƒ Ahsc klm-bn-t°-≠-Xn-\mbn bnkm-

tb-ense Nne hy‡n-Ifpw `c-W-I¿Øm-°fpw ss[cy-

tØmsS apt∂m- p-h-∂p. bn m-Jm¿, sk_q-eq≥, amJo¿

(a-\s» tKmXw) s_\ym-ao≥, F^bnw F∂n-hn-S-ßn¬

\n∂p≈ Bfp-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

5:16,17 AXn\ptijw sZt_mc Xs∂ klm-bn-∏m≥

hcm-Xn-cp-∂-hsc Ipdn-t®m¿Øp cqt_\v L\-ta-dnb at\m-

\n¿Æ-b-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw ]m¿Øn-cp-∂Xv

sXmgp-Øp-I-fp-sS-bn-S-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-

t°-≠-Xn\v Knse-bm-Zv(-Km-Zv) tbm¿±m≥ IS-∂n-√. Zm≥

I∏-ep-Iƒ°-cnsI Xma-kn-°p-Ibpw Bti¿ kap-Z-Xo-

cØv A\-ßm-sX-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

bp≤-Øn¬ s]mcp-Xn-b-h-tc-bpw- X-ß-fpsS Pohs‚

kwc-£Ww t\m°n bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°msX \njvIn-

b-cmbn Ccp-∂-h-tcbpw Ipdn®v ssZh-h--N\w kq£va-ambn

Ipdn-®p-h-®n-cn -°p-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-bmWv C∂pw

temItØmSpw ]nim-N-Nn-t\mSpw Inbm-fl-I-ambn t]mcm-

Sp-∂-h-tcbpw CsX√mw ]pd-In¬ Ccp∂v tIhew

ho£n° amXw sNøp-∂-h-scbpw ssZhw Adn-bp-∂p.

]Xn-^-e-Øn-s‚ Hcp kabw hcp-∂p. F∂m¬ Nnesc

kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AXv \jvS-Ønt‚Xm-bn-cn-°pw(1

sImcn 3:10-˛15).

5:18- 22 ]Xn- ew ]‰msX (Hcp sh≈n-°mip t]mepw

FSp-Øn-√.) ssZh-Øn-\p-th≠n Xß-fpsS Pohs\ XrW-

h¬K-Wn® \^vXm-enbpw sk_q-eq\pw tijvT-am-Wv.

Ah¿ bp≤-Øn¬ ImTn-\y-ta-dnb ÿeØv Im\m\y

cmPm°-∑m¿s°-Xnsc t]mcm-Sn. Ah¿ btlm-h-bpsS

]£-Øm-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ]Ir-Xn-i-‡n-Iƒ Ah-cpsS

]£-Ømbn-cp∂p.

5:23-˛27 btlm-h-bpsS klm-b-Øn\v hcm-Xn-cp-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v tatcmkv \Kcw i]n-°-s∏-´p. sshcn-Iƒs°-Xn-

cmbn klmbw Bh-iy-ambn h∂-t∏mƒ B ]´-W-\n-hm-

kn-Iƒ \njvIn-b-cm-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬ IqSm-c-Øn¬h-

kn-®n-cp-∂ -bm-tb¬ kosk-ctb _p≤n-tbmSpw Iui-e-

tØmSpw IqSn sIm∂-Xn-\m¬ A\p-K-ln-°-s∏- p. kvXoI-

fn¬ A\p-K-ln-°-s∏- -hƒ F∂p ]tXy-I-ambn FSpØp

]d-b-s∏- n- p-≈Xv Chsf IqSmsX \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns‚

AΩsb Ipdn®p amX-am-Wv(-eq-t°m.1:42).

5:28-˛31 Cu ka-bØv kosk-c-bpsS amXmhv Xs‚

aI≥ hnP-b-Øns‚ sIm≈-bp-ambn aSßn hcp-∂-Xp-Im-

Wm≥ P\-en-eqsS t\m°n-bn-cn-°pIbmbn-cp-∂p. Ah≥

Xma-kn-°p-∂-Xns‚ ImcWw Ahƒ°p a\- n-em-bn√.

Ah-fpsS ⁄m\ta-dnb \mbn-I-am¿. sIm≈-km-[-\-ßƒ

Ahƒ a‰p-≈-h-cp-ambn ]¶p-h-bv°p-I-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Dd-

∏n®p ]d-™p. F∂m¬ koksc Hcn-°epw Xncn-®p-h-

∂n-√. btlm-h-bpsS iXp-°-fp-sS-sb√mw Ahÿ

264 \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 6

Ahs‚ Ah-ÿ-t]m-se-bm-I-s´.

adp- m-KØv ssZhsØ kvt\ln-°p-∂-h≥ DZ-b-kq-cy-

s\-t∏m-se-bm-I-s´.- ko-sk-sc-bpsS ac-W-tijw tZi-

Øn\v 40 kwh-’cw kzÿ-X-b-bp-≠m-bbn F∂ ]kvXm-

h-\-tbm-Sp-IqsS Cu A≤ymbw Ah-km-\n-°p-∂p.

E. KnZ-tbm≥ (6:1˛8:3)

1. tkh-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ KnZ-tbm-s‚ hnfn(-A.6)

6:1˛6 ASpØ NI-Øn¬ bnkm-tb¬ P\w anZym-\y-

cm-emWv ]oUn-∏n-°-s∏- -Xv. bnk-tb-ens‚ hnfIƒ A\-

[n-IrX-ambn Itø‰w sNøp-I-bpw. sh´p-°n-fn-Isf

t]mse tZiw Xn∂p apSn-°p-I-bpw. ayK-ßsf tamjvSn-

°bpw sNbvXp -sIm≠v Atd-_y-bn¬ Ae™p

Xncn™p \S-°p∂ Hcp h¿§-am-bn-cp∂p Ah¿. bnkm-

tb-en-s‚ ]n≥am‰ Pohn-X-am-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS Zmcn-Zy-

Øn-\pw, ASn-a-Xz-Øn-\pw, b-Øn\pw Imc-Ww. Hcn-°¬

bnkmtb¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-h¿ Xs∂ Ct∏mƒ Ah-

cpsS bP-am-\-∑m-cm-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. \mw ssZh-Øn¬

\n∂pw amdn tIhew t]cn\p amXw InkvXym-\n-I-fmbn

Xocp-tºmƒ \ΩpsS ]g-b-kz-`m-h-ßƒ \sΩ ASn-

as∏SpØp-Ibpw ZmcnZymhÿ-bn-te-s°-Øn-°bpw

sNøpw

6:7˛16 bnk-tbm¬ klm-b-Øn-\mbn ssZh-tØmSp

\nehnfn-®-t∏mƒ Ah-cpsS hnK-lm-cm-[-\sb Hm¿Ω-s∏-

Sp-tØ-≠-Xn\v BZyw Hcp ]hm-N-Is\ ssZhw Ab-®p.

AXn\p tijw- anZym\ycpsS Iøn¬ AI-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-t°-

≠-Xn\v ap¥n-cn-®-°n-\-cnsI h®v tKmXºv saXn-®p-sIm-

≠n-cp∂ a\s» tKmX-°m-c-\mb KnZ-tbm-\v, PUm-h-Xm-

c-sa-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºp≈ InkvXp-sh∂v \mw hniz-kn-

°p∂ (Xmsg sImSp-Øn-´p≈ D]-\ymkw i≤n-°p-I.)

btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ ]Xy£-\m-bn. anZym-\y-cpsS Iøn¬

\n∂pw bnkm-tb-en-s\ hnSp-hn-t°-≠-Xn\v ssZhw Xs∂

D]-tbm-Kn-°p-sa∂v ]cm-I-a-im-en-bmb Cu a\p-jy-t\mSv

ZqX≥ ]d™p. KnZ-tbms‚ ]Xn-tj[w hI-h-bv°msX

Cu kp]-[m\ ZuXy-Øn-\m-bp≈ Xs‚ hnfn ZqX≥

Bh¿Øn-®p-W¿Øn-®p.

btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥

ssZh-Øn-s‚(-b-tlm-h) ZqX≥ PUm-h-Xm-c-Øn-\p-ap-

ºp≈ I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ ]Xy-£X

BWv. Ah≥ ssZh-am-Wv. Xs∂-bp-a√ XnXz-Øn¬ c≠m-

asØ hy‡n Ah-\m-sW∂v Ah-s\-°p-dn®v ]Xn-]m-Zn-

®n-´p≈ `mK-ßƒ ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ hy‡-am-Ip-∂p.

H∂m-a-Xmbn, ssZh-h-N-\-`m-K-ßƒ Ah≥ ssZh-am-

sW-∂vkq-Nn-∏n-°p∂p. Ah≥ lmKm-dn\v ]Xy-£-\m-b-

t∏mƒ Xm≥ ssZh-Øns‚ k∂n-[n-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v

Ahƒ a\- n-em°n; ""ImWp∂ ssZhw'' F∂v AhnsS

Ahƒ Ah-s\-°p-dn®v kqNn-∏n-°p∂p (D-ev]16:13).

tamdnb ae-bn¬ A_-lm-an-t\mSv kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ,

ZqX≥ btlmh F∂m-bn-cp∂p kzbw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bXv (F-_mb `mj-bn¬ bmlvth AYhm btlm-h,

(Dev] 22:;6). _tY-en-se ssZh-sa∂p ZqX≥ Xs∂ Xs∂

]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv bmt°_v tI´p. (D-ev].31:11-˛13).

bnkm-tb¬ (bm-t°m-_v) tbmk-^ns\ A\p-K-ln-®-

t∏mƒ ""ssZhw''""-Zq-X≥'' F∂o \ma-ßƒ ]c-kv]c ]qc-

I-ß-fmbn D]-tbm-Kn®n´p≠v (D-ev]. 48:15,16) IØp∂

apƒ∏-S¿∏n¬ ]Xy-£-\m-bXv ""btlm-h-bpsS ZqX-\m-bn-

cp∂p'' (]p-d.3:2). F∂m¬ ""tamsi ssZh-sØ- t\m-°p-

hm≥ b-s∏´p apJw-aqSn'' F∂pw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂p (]pdw

3:2). taL-kvXmw-` -Øn¬ bnkm-tb-en -\p -ap -ºmbn

s]mbvs°m-≠n-cp∂ ssZhw(-]p-d.13:21). ""ssZh-Øns‚

ZqX≥ A√msX a‰m-cp-am-bn-cn-∂n√ ssZh-Øns‚ ZqX-\n¬

-ssZh-sØ I≠XpsIm≠m-bn-cp∂p Xm≥ acn-°p-sa∂v

KnZ-tbm≥ `b-s∏-´Xv (\ymb 6:22,23) Xs‚ t]cv AXn-i-

b -ap -≈Xv F∂m-bn -cp∂p btlm-h -bpsS ZqX≥

at\mltbmSp ]d-™-Xv. (\ym-b. 13:18) AXv ssZh-Øns‚

t]cp-I-fn¬ H∂m-bn-cp-∂p.(-sbi 9:6) ssZh-Zq-X-\p-ambn

a¬∏n-SpØw \S-Ønb bmt°m-_v, bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ssZh-

hp-am-bn- m-bn-cp∂p a¬∏n-SpØw \S-Øn-bXv (slm-i.12:3,4)

]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ F∂p ]kvXm-

hn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX√mw ssZh-sØ-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-

sX∂v hy‡-am-°p∂ sXfn-hp-I-fmWv Ch-sb-√mw

tPm¨. F v. h¬hp¿Uv(-Nm- ¿ D≤-cn-®n- p≈Xpt]m-

se) CXn-s\- ]n≥Xm-ßp-∂-Xn\v \mep hmZ-ßƒ \nc-Øp-

∂p≠v.

""]pXn-b- \n-b-a-Ønse Zriy-\mb ssZhw XnXz-Ønse

c≠mw hy‡n-bm-Wv. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse btlm-h-bpsS

ZqX≥, tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ PUm-h-Xm-c-Øn\p tijw Hcn-

°epw ]Xy-£-s∏-ń-ń-√. btlm-h-bpsS ZqX\pw tbip

InkvXphpw ]nXm-hn-\m¬ Ab-°-s∏-- -h-cm-Wv. ]nXm-thm,

]cn-ip-≤m-flmthm Bbn-cn-∏m≥ btlm-h-bpsS ZqX\p Ign-

-I-bn√''(4) Cu \mem-asØ hmZ-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬

hm¬hpUv XpS¿∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv: ]nXm-hn\pw ]cn-ip-≤m-

flm-hn\pw kz¿§ob kz`m-h-ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿ a\p-

jy-¿°v AZy-iy-cmbn \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p. ""btlm-h-bpsS

ZqX≥ XnXz-Ønse c≠m-asØ hy‡n-b-bmWv F∂

hkvXpX \nc-kn-°p-hm≥ aXn-bmb Hcp sXfnhpw C√,

]pXnb \nb-a-Øn-se InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ Xs‚ XmZmfly-

Øn-te°v Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ hkvXp-X-I-sf√mw hnc¬ Nq

≠p∂p'' F∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠v Xm≥ D]-kw-l-cn°p∂p.

btlm-h-bpsS ZqX-s\-t∏mse InkvXphpw a‰p ZqX-

∑m-cn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-\m-Wv, F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬

InkvXp kyjvSn-°-s∏- -h-\√. ]gb ]pXnb \nb-a-ß-fn¬

""ZqX≥'' (5) F∂p hnh¿Ø\w sNø-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂ hm°p-

I-fpsS b¿∞w ""ZqXp-hm-l-I≥'' F∂m-Wv. Ah≥ btlm-

h-bp-sS ZqXphml-I-\m-Wv. Aßn-s\ Nm^¿ ]d-bp-∂-

Xp-t]m-se- tIhew ]Z-hn-sIm≠p amXw Ah-s\mcp

""ZqX\m''Wv(6)

6:17- 24 ssZhtØmSp kwkm-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂ Adn-thm-

sS-bmWv KnsZ-tbm≥ Hcp AS-bmfw tNmZn-®-Xv. AXn\p

tijw Hcp tImem-ń≥ Ipń-tbbpw ]pfn-∏n-√mØ hS-

Ifpw Ah≥ hgn-]m-Smbn Hcp-°n. ZqX≥ Xs‚ hSn-sIm≠v

265\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 6,7

B hgn-]mSv sXm´-t∏mƒ AXn¬ Xobn-dßn AXns\

Zln-∏n-®p. ssZh-Øns‚ k∂n-[n-bn-em-sW∂v a\- n-em-

°nb KnsZ-tbm≥, Xm≥ acn-®p-t]mIpw F∂p `b-s∏-´p.

F∂m¬ btlmh ""\n\°p kam-[m\w '' F∂ hm°p-I-

fm¬ Ahs\ ss[cy-s∏-Sp-Øn. KnZ-tbm≥ AhnsS btlm-

hbv°v Hcp bmK-]oTw ]Wn-bp-Ibpw Bÿ-e-Øn\p

btlmh imtemw( -b -tlmh kam -[m -\w) F∂p

t]cnSpIbpw sNbvXp.

6:25˛32 A∂p cmXn-bn¬ ssZh-sØ A\p-k-cn-®p-sIm-

≠v, Xs‚ ]nXmhv _men-\p-th≠n ]Wn-I-gn-∏n-®n-cp-∂-

_en]oT-ßsf CSn®p If-bp-Ibpw AXn-\-cn-sI-bp-≠m-

bn-cp∂ Aticm ]Xn-jvT-Isf shń-°-f-bp-Ibpw

sNbvXn´v AXn\p ]Icw btlm-hbv°v Hcp bmK-]oTw

]WnXp. ss[cy-]q¿∆w Xm≥ sNbvX Cu ]hy-Øn-bn¬

tIm]n-jvT-cmb ] -W-°m¿ cmhnse Ahs\ sIm√p-hm≥

`mhn-®p. F∂m¬ Xs‚ ]nXm-hmb tbmhmiv ]iv\-ß-

fn¬ CS-s]- n- v. _m¬ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ssZh-sa-¶n¬ X\n-

°p-th≠n Xm≥ Xs∂- hyh-l-cn-®psIm≈pw F∂p ]d-

™p. IqSmsX _men-\p-th≠n hyh-l-cn-°p-∂-h-sc√mw

acn-t°Ww F∂p≈ Hcp Iev]-\bpw Xm≥ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-

®p. KnsZ-tbm\v sbcp-∫m¬ F∂p≈ ]cn-lm-k-t∏cv e`n-

®p. _m¬ (X-\n°pth≠n) hyh-l-cn-°s´ F∂m-W-

Xns‚ b¿∞w.

KnZ-tbm≥ cmXn-bn¬ _en-]oTw CSn-®p-I-f-™Xv bw

sIm≠m-sW∂v Nne¿ sX‰n-[-cn-t®°mw F∂m¬ Ah≥

btlm-h-sb A\p-kcn°pIbmbn-cp∂p sNbvXXv F∂

hkvXpX \mw ad∂p t]mI-cp-Xv. A\p-k-c-W-ap≈h-\m-

bn-cn°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw Ahs‚ bw Ah-s\ XSpØn√.

\ap-s°-√m-h¿°pw b-ap≠v AXv kzXth AXn¬ Xs∂

Hcp sX‰-√. ]s£ ssZhsØ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬

\n∂pw AXv \sΩ am‰n \n¿Øp-tºm-gmWv AXv Hcp XS-

hpw ]m]hpw Bbn-Ø-Xo-cp-∂-Xv.

6:33- 35 A\¥cw anZym-\ycpw Aam-te-Iycpw Ingt°

tZi-°m¿ F√m-h-cpw Hcpan®p-IqSn tbm¿±m≥ IS∂v

bnkm-tb-en-s\-Xnsc bp≤w sNtø-≠-Xn\v bnkm-tb¬

Xmgvhc-bn¬ ]mf-b-an-d-ßn. btlm-h-bpsS Bflmhv KnZ-

tbms‚ta¬ h∂p. Ah≥ a\-s», Bti¿, sk_q-eq≥,

\m vXmen apX-emb tKmX-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ssk\ysØ

Hcp-an-®p-Iq- n. A_n-tb-k¿ KnsZ-tbm-s‚ ap≥Xe-ap-d-°m-

c\m-bn-cp∂p (hm.34). Poh-t\m-sS-bn-cn-°p∂ Xs‚ Xe-

ap-d-Iƒ°p-th-≠n, ChnsS Xs‚ t]cv (F-_mb ]pkvX-

I-Øn¬). Hcp IpSpw-_-t∏-cm-bn-´mWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. (A-_n-tb-ky¿) 8:2t\m°p-I.

6:36- 40 bp≤-Øn-\p- t]mIp∂-Xn-\p-apºv hnP-b-kw-_-

‘-amb Hcp Dd∏v KnZ-tbm≥ ssZh-Øn¬ \∂pw BK-

ln-®p. Xm\n- n-cn-°p∂ tXmen¬ amXw a™p hog-Ibpw

Np‰p-ap≈ \new DW-ßn-bn-cn-°bpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ H∂m-

asØ Dd∏v e`n-®p. ASpØ cmXn-bn¬ a™v tXmen¬

hoWv AXp \\-bmsX \ne-Øp-amXw hoW-t∏mƒ, c≠m-

asØ Dd∏p e`n-®p.

KnZ-tbm-s‚ tXmen-s\-°p-dn®v InkvXym-\n-Iƒ km[m-

cW sX‰n-[-cn-®n- p≠v Cu kw -h-tØm-Sp-≈- _-‘-Øn¬

c≠p Imcy-ßƒ \mw a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp≠v: KnsZ-tbm≥

tXmen¬ t\m°n-t°m-≠n-cp-∂Xp \S-Øn-∏n-\p-th-≠n-bm-

bn-cp-∂n-√. adn®v Hcp Dd-∏n-\p-th≠n amX-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Ah≥ F¥mWv sNtø-≠n-bn -cp -∂-sX∂v ssZhw

Aht\mSv CXn-t\m-SIw ]d-™n-cp∂p hnP-b-Øns‚ Hcp

Dd-∏p-am-X-am-bn-cp∂p KnsZ-tbm≥ At\z-jn-®Xv Hcp

]tXyI hnj-b-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ ssZh-lnXw Adn-

tb-≠-Xn\p tXm¬ shfn-bn-en-SpI F∂p≈ Bfp-I-fpsS

]cm-a¿iw Cu `mK-Øns‚ sX‰mb kzmio-I-c-W-a-sX-

c≠m-a-Xmbn ]Ir-Xn-Z-Ø-amb Hcp AS-bm-f-a√ adn®v Aam-

\p-jn-I-amb Hcp AS-bm-f-amWv KnsZ-tbm≥ tNmZn-®-Xv.

ssZhoI CS-s]-S¬ IqSmsX kzm`m-hn-ambn kw -hn-°p∂

km[-\-ßƒ Bń≥tXm¬ t]mse C∂p P\-ßƒ D]-

tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. CXpw Cu NcnXw sX‰mb \ne-bn¬ D]-

tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp coXn-bm-Wv. hnizm-k-Øn-¬ _e-

lo-\-\mb Hcp-h\v hnP-b-Øns‚ Dd∏v\evIp-IbmWv

ChnsS ssZhw. ]m¿∞-\-bpsS adp-]-Sn-bmbn Cu Dd∏v

C∂pw ssZh-Øn\p \evIp-hm≥ Ign-bpw. ssZhw

Aßs\ sNøp∂p Xm\pw.

2. KnsZ-tbms‚ aq∂qdp t]¿ (A.7)

7:1˛3 anZym\¿s°-Xn-cm-b-bp≈ hnPbw ]q¿Æ-ambpw

ssZho-I-am-t°-≠-Xn-\v, btlm-h-bmb ssZhw \nbaw

A\p-im-kn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse (B-h.20:8) `bhpw òcp-Xz-

hp-ap-≈-hsc `h-\-ß-fn-te°v Xncn-®-b-®p-sIm≠v KnZ-

tbms‚ 32,000 t]cp≈ ssk\y-sØ 10,000 B°n Ipd-

®p.

7:4˛8 ssk\ysØ ho≠pw Ipd-bvt°-≠-Xn-\m-bn,

ssZhw \Zn-°-°sc h®v ]S-÷-\sØ ]co-£n-®p.

sh≈w IpSn-∏m≥ ap´p-IpØn Ip\n-bp-hm≥ ka-b-sa-Sp-

Ø-hsc Hgn-hm°n. adn®v \mb \°n IpSn-°p-∂-Xp-

t]mse s]s´∂p IpSn®p amdn-b-hsc ssk\y-Øn¬

Dƒs∏-SpØn Aß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ ap∂qdp t]cm-bn-cp-∂p.

7:9˛14 cmXn-bn¬ anZym\y ]mf-b-ß-fpsS kao-]-ÿ-

e-ßƒ kµ¿in-°p-∂-Xn\v ssZhw KnZ-tbm\p \n¿t±-

iw \evIn . Xs‚ _mey-°m-c-\mb ]qctbmsSm∏w iXp-

hns‚ ]mf-b-Øn-te°v KnsZ-tbm≥ sN∂p. Hcp bh-Ø∏w

Dcp≠p ]mf-b-Øn-te-°p-h∂p anZym\y IqSm-c-ßsf adn-

®n-´p -I-f-bp∂ Hcp kz]v\w Hcp anZym-\y≥ Xs‚

kvt\lnXt\mSv hnh-cn -°p-∂Xp. Ahn-sS-sN-∂ -

KnsZtbm≥ tI´p. bnkm-tb-ey¿ anZym-\ysc ]cm-P-b-s∏-

Sp-Øp-sa-∂mWv B kz]v\-Øns‚ A¿∞w F∂p B

kvt\ln-X≥ a\- n-em-°n. bh-Ø∏w km[m-cW Irjn-

°m-cpsS Blm-c-ambncp-∂p. IqSmsX AXv bnk-tb-

ens\ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°-∂-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. IqSmcw anZym\y

ssk\y-Øn-s‚- ]-Xn-cq-]-am-bn-cp∂p.

7:15-˛20 Ipd-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Xs‚ ssk\y-_-

esØ Ipdn-®p≈ Nn¥ Hcp]s£ KnZ-tbms‚ `bsØ

D±o-]n-∏n-®n-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww, \ymb-am-bn´pw AXn\v

km[yXbp≠v-. ImcWw 1,35,00 t]c-S-ßp∂ sk\y-sØ-

bm-bn-cp∂p shdpw 300 t]c-s°m≠v t\cn-Sp-hm≥ ssZhw

266 \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 7,8

Iev]n-®Xv!(8:10) F∂m¬ iXp-°-fpsS hmbn¬ \n∂p≈

Cu hm°v Xs‚ hnizm-ksØ _e-s∏-Sp-Øn. AXn-t\m-

Sp≈ ]Xn-I-c-W-am-bn, BZyw Xm≥ Bcm-[n®p (hm.15).,

AXn-\p-tijw bp≤w sNbvXp.

hnP-b-kw-_-‘-amb B Dd-t∏msS KnsZ-tbm≥ bnkm-

tb¬ ]mf-b-Øn¬ h∂p. bp≤-Øn-\mbn ]S-bm-fn-Isf

Blzm\w sNbvXp. BsIbp≠m-bn-cp∂ ssk\ysØ

\qdp hoX-ap≈ aq∂p-kw-L-ß-fmbn Xncn-®n´v Hmtcm-cp-

Ø-cp-tSbpw Iøn¬ Hmtcm Imlfhpw shdpw IpShpw

IpS-Øn-\-IØv Hmtcm ]-¥hpw Bbp-[-ambn sImSpØp.

anZym\y ]mf-b-Øns‚ A‰Øv FØnbt∏mƒ, \n›-bn-

°-s∏´ Hc-S-bm-f-]-Imcw Ah¿ F√m-hcpw Imlfw DuXp-

Ibpw ]¥w shfn-bn¬ Zriy-am-I-Ø-°-hÆw IpSw DS-

bv°p-I-bbpw sNbvXn´v ""btlm-hbv°pw KnsZ-tbm\pw

th≠nhmƒ'' F∂v B¿Øp.

Cu kw -hsØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ ssZho-I-hym-Jym\w

2 sImcn 4:7-˛¬ \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. \ΩpsS ico-c-ßƒ

a¨]m-X-ß-fm-Wv. tbip-hn-\p-th≠n Ft∏mgpw ac-W-

tØmfw \mw Gev]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ amXta tbip-

In-kvXp-hn-s‚ apJ-Øn-ep≈ ssZh-X-tX-P- n-s‚

]cn⁄m\w a‰p-≈-h¿°mbn hnf-ßp-I-bp-≈q.

7:21 -˛25 kw`m-¥n-bn -emb anZym-\y¿ `b-s∏´p

At\ym\yw s]mcp-Xn, HmSn-t∏m-bn. \m^vXm-en, Bti¿,

a\s» F∂o tKmX-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-≈-h¿ BZyw Ahsc

]n¥p-S¿∂p. iXp-°ƒ tbm¿±m≥ IS∂v c£-s]-Sm≥

ian-®-t∏mƒ, tbm¿±m-t\mfw sN∂v Ahsc \in-∏n-t°-

≠-Xn\v Xß-tfm-Sp-IqsS tNcp-hm≥ Ah¿ Fô-bn-

ayscIqsS hnfn®p. Hmtd_v (a-e-¶m-°) tk_v (sN-∂mb)

F∂o c≠p anZym\y ]`p-°-∑msc ]nSn®p sIm√p-∂-Xn¬

Fô-bn-ay¿ hnP-bn-®p.

KnZ-tbm-s‚ ]h¿Ø\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw t\Xr-Xz-sØ-

°p-dn®v Nne ]mT-ßƒ \ap°v ]Tn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. \mb-

I\v, a‰p-≈-hsc AXn-te°v \bn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv, Rm≥

F¥mWv sNøp-∂Xv F∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v hy‡-amb Hc-

dnhv D≠m-bn-cn-t°Ww. F√m-‰n-t\-°m-fp-]cn ssZh-Øn\p

icn-bmb ÿm\w \evIn-s°m≠v Ah-s\ Bcm-[n-°p-∂-

h-\m-bn-cn-°-Ww(-hm.15). Hcp amXr-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sIm≠v

P\sØ \bn-t°-Ww(-hm.17) alXzw AX¿ln-°p-∂-h\v

sImSp-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Ah≥ i≤-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-

t°Ww˛ AXm-bXv H∂m-aXv ssZh-Øn\pw AXn-\p-

tijw Xm≥ Xnc-s™-SpØ D]-I-c-W-ßƒ°pw(-hm.18).

3. sên-kvXy-cp-sS-ta-ep≈ KntZ-tbms‚ hnP-bw

(8:1˛32).

8:1˛3 F^-bo-aysc BZyw Xs∂ klm-b-Øn-\mbn

hnfn-°m-™-sX¥v F∂p tNmZn®psIm≠v Ah¿ BZyw

KnZ-tbm-t\mSp tIm]n-®p. F∂m¬ Xm≥ sNbvX F¥n-

t\-°mfpw hnin-jvS-am-b-Xv, c≠p ]`p-°-∑msc ]cm-P-b-

s∏-Sp-Ønb Ah-cpsS ]hy-Øn-bm-sW∂v KntZ-tbm≥

Ah-sc Hm¿∏n-®-t∏mƒ Ah¿ im¥-cm-bn. apºv hni-Z-am-

°n-bXp t]mse A_n-tb-ky¿ (hm.2) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv

KnsZ-tbm\pw Xs‚ P\-sØ-bp-am-Wv.

8:4-˛7 KnZ-tbm≥ ]cm-P-b-s∏-´m¬, anZym-\y-cm¬ ]Xn-

Imc \S-]-Sn-bp-≠m-tb-°p-sa∂v `b-∂n´v KnsZ-tbm\pw

IqsS-bp≈ ap∂q-dp-t]¿°pw Blmcw sImSp-°p-hm≥

kpt°m-Øn-se blq-Z-∑m¿ hnk-Ω-Xn-®p. btlmh tkl-

_n-t\bpw k¬ap-∂-tbbpw Xs‚ Iøn¬ Gev]n®p Ign-

bp-tºmƒ Imńse ap≈p-sIm≠p ]d-°m-c-sIm≠pw Ah-

cpsS amwkw X√n-°odpw (F-_mb ]Zw˛ s]mSn-°pw)

F∂p KnsZ-tbm≥ Ah-sc òj-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øn.

8:8,9 KosZ-tbms‚ Blm-c-Øn-\m-bp≈ At]-£°v

s]\p-th¬ \nhm-kn-Ifpw \ntj-[m-fl-I-amb Hcp adp-]-

Sn-bmWv \evIn-b-Xv. ""Rm≥ kam-[m-\-tØmsS aS-ßn-h-

cp-tºmƒ Cu tKm]pcw CSn-®p-I-fbpw'' F∂p KnsZ-tbm≥

Ah-tcmSp ]d-™p.

8:10-˛17 KnsZ-tbm≥ Xs‚ hm°p ]men-®p. Ah≥ B

c≠p anZym\y cmPm-°-∑msc ]nSn®p, ssk\ysØ apgp-

h≥ t]Sn®v NnX-dn-®p-I-f-™p. AXn\p tijw Hcp _mey-

°m-c≥ FgpXn \evInb ]ńI ]Imcw kpt°m-Ønse

Fgp-]Øn Ggp aq∏-∑msc KnZ-tbm≥ _p≤n ]Tn-∏n-®p.

tImsl≥ ]d-bp∂p. ""\oN-amb Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ sNøp-

∂-h-cp-sS-ta¬ ASn-®-t®¬]n-°p∂ Hcp Xcw in£-

bmWv'' Cu hn[-Øn-ep≈ in£ F∂p tπt‰m-bpsS ""P\m-

[n-]-Xy- -c-W-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.(7)

]mWvUn-Xy-ap≈ d∫n-am-cmb InwNnbpw dmjnbpw

CXns\ I≠n-´p-≈Xv ""_em¬°m-tc-W-bp≈ a¿±\w''

F∂ A¿∞w hcp∂ Hcp `mjm ssien-bm-bn-´m-Wv.

Ah-sc \·-cmbn apƒ°n-S-°-bn-te°v C´-tijw

[ym\yw saXn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, Ahsc ]c-kv]cw Nhn-

ń-sa-Xn-°p-sa∂v Ah≥ (Kn-Z-tbm≥) òj-Wn-s∏-SpØn

sb∂mWv Nne¿ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. (8)

s]\pth-ens\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw, KnsZ-tbm≥

Ah-cpsS tKm]pcw CSn-®p-I-f-bp-I-bpw ] -W-hm-kn-Isf

sIm∂p If-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

""arZp-hmb DØcw tIm]sØ ian-∏n-°p-∂p. ITn-\-

hmt°m tIm]sØ Pzen-∏n-°p∂p'' (kZy 15:1) F^n-bn-

ay-tcm-Sp≈ KnsZ-tbm-s‚ adp-]Sn sIm≠v CXnse H∂m-

asØ kXyw 1˛3 hmIy-ß-fn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p.

kpt°m-Øn-tebpw s]\p-th-en-tebpw P\-ß-fpsS hm°p-

Iƒ sIm≠v c≠m-asØ kXyw 4˛17 hmIy-ß-fn¬ hni-

Zo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

8:18-˛21 tk_lpw k¬ap-∂bpw KnZ-tbms‚ ktlm-

Z-c-∑msc Xmt_m-cn¬ h®v sIm∂-Xp-sIm≠v KnZ-tbm≥

Xs‚ BZy-Pm-X-\mb tbsY-cn-t\mSv Ah-sc-sb√mw

sIm√p-hm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-´p. F∂m¬ Ah≥ Hcp sNdp-∏-

°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂Xp sIm≠v AXp sNøp-hm≥ `b-s∏´p,

AXpsIm≠v KnsZ-tbm≥ Xs∂ B tPmen \nh¿Øn®p.

8:22- 23 Xßƒ°v cmPm-hm-bn-cn-∏m≥ bnkm-tb¬ P\w

KnsZ-tbm-t\mSv Bh-iy-s∏- p. ImcWw ssk\o-I-]-c-amb

267\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 8,9

Ahs‚ A¤p-X-IrXy-ß-fn¬ Ah¿ AX-tbsd

BI¿jn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂p. ssZh-Øn\p alXzw sImSp-t°-

≠Xn\p ]Icw Ah¿ a\p-jy-\mWv alXzw sImSpØXv.

(7:2 t\m°p-I). F∂m¬ Ahsc `cn-∏m≥ ssZh-Øn\p

amXta Ah-Im-i-ap-≈p-sh∂v kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v KnsZ-

tbm≥ X\n°pw Xs‚ ]pX-∑m¿°pw th≠n hn\-b-

]q¿∆w Ah-cpsS At]£ \nc-kn-®p.

8:24-˛27 F∂m¬ ]tem-`-\sØ AXn-Po-hn® KnZ-

tbm≥ as‰m-∂n¬ hoWp-t]mbn. bnk-tb¬ anZym-\y-cn¬

(C-h¿ bnkvam-tb-ey-sc∂pw Adn-s∏-Sp∂p ]pd 32:1˛6 ambn

Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.) \n∂pw sIm≈-b-Sn-s®-Sp-Ø- s]m≥

IpWp°p-Iƒ sIm≠v ]ptcm-ln-Xs‚ HutZym-KnI

hkvXw t]mep≈ Hcp Gt^mZv KnsZ-tbm≥ D≠m°n.

H^bn¬ ]Xn-jvTn® AXv hnK-lm-cm-[-\m-]-c-amb Hcp

hkvXp-hmbn Xo¿∂-Xp-sIm≠v bnkm-tb-en\p Hcp IWn-

bmbn Xo¿∂p. ImcWw AXp iotem-hnse ssZh-e-b-

Øn¬\n∂pw bnk-tb-ens\ AI-‰n-I-f-™p. ""cmP-

ÿm\w \nc-kn-s®-¶nepw ]utcm-lnXyw thW-sa∂v

Ah≥ BK-ln®p.''

8:28-˛32 anZym-\ysc tXmev]n® tijw bnkm-tb¬

40 kwh-’cw kzÿ-X- A\p`hn-®p. KnsZ-tbm\v

At\Iw mcy-amcpw Ah-cn¬ Fgp-]Xp ]pX-∑mcpw D≠m-

bn-cp∂psh∂v ]tXyIw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

IqSmsX titJ-an¬ X\n-°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ sh∏mń A_o-

ta-se°v F∂ ]pX\p P∑w \evIn.

KnsZ-tbms‚ _lp-apJ hy‡nXz khn-ti-j-X-I-fn¬

cs≠Æw IqSn Cu A≤ym-b-Øn-ep-≠v. Xs‚ \ntbmKw

\S-∏n¬ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn-ep≈ hn´p-ho-gvN-bn-√m-bvabpw

AXns‚ ]q¿Æ-X-bp-amW anZy-\y-tcm-Sp≈ Xs‚- \n¿±-b-

amb ]n¥p-S-c¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. Xm≥ £oWn-X-\m-

bn-cp-s∂-¶n-epw, Hcp hen-b- Imcyw CXn-t\m-SIw sNbvXn-

cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Xs∂ klm-bn-∏m≥ Bcpw D≠m-bn-cp-

∂n√m F¶nepw bnkvam-tb-eysc \in-∏n®v Ah-cpsS cmPm-

°-∑m¿ Ahs‚ Im¬°ogv acn-®p-ho-gp-∂-Xp-hsc B Imcy-

\n¿∆-l-W-Øn¬ Xs∂ i≤-sh®v apt∂m-´p-\o-ßn.

CXn\p kam-\-amb Hcp \n¿_‘w At∏m-kvX-e-\mb

]utem-kn-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn-ep-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. AXv

Bflob t]m¿°-f-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂q amXw (^n-

en.3:12˛14).

c≠m-asØ khn-ti-jX \ntj-[m-fl-I-amb H∂m-Wv.

bnkvam-tb-eysc tXmev]n-®-Xn\p ]Xn-^-e-sa-t∂mWw

sIm≈-bn¬ \n∂pw s]m≥ IpWp-°p-Iƒ Xm≥ Bh-iy-

s∏-Sp-Ibpw AXv kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp (hm.24). CXv

KnsZ-tbm\pw Xs‚ IpSpw_Øn\pw B cmjvS-Øn\pw

Hcp IWn-bm-bn-Øo¿∂p Dev]: 14:21-˛24 hmIy-ß-fn¬

ImWp∂ A_-lm-an-s‚ kz`m-h-hp-ambn CXns\ Xmc-

Xayw sNøp-I. KnZ-tbms‚ kXvKp-W-ßƒ A\p-I-cn-°p-

∂-Xn\pw, Zp»o-e-ßƒ Hgn-hm-°p-∂-Xn\pw th≠n \mw

ssZh-Øn-em-i-bn®p ]cn-i-an-°-Ww.

F. A_o-a-te-°ns‚ ]nSn-®-S-°¬ (8:33˛9:57)

8:33-˛35 KnsZtbm≥ acn® AtX \nan-j-Øn¬ Xs∂

bnkm-tb¬ _mens‚ Bcm-[-\-bn-te°v Xncn™p KnsZ-

tbm-s‚ tZiob Xe-Øn-ep≈ hoc-Ir-Xy-ßƒ FX s] -

∂mWv bnkm-tb¬ ad-∂p-I-f-™Xv! Ah¿ Xs‚ Xe-ap-

d-Isf A\m-Z-cn-°p-Ibpw ssZh-Øns‚ hnSp-X-ep-Isf

ad∂p-I-f-I-bpw-sN-bvXp. ssZh-Øn¬\n∂pw \ΩpsS

kl-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ \n∂p-t]mepw ]m]n® A\p-K-l-

ßsf kvacn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \mw Ah-tc-°mƒ tijvS-cmtWm?

Ahsc ad∂pIf-bp-hm-\mWv \mw ian-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬

AXp e÷m-I-c-am-Wv.

9:1˛6 KnsZtbm-s‚ aI-\mb A_o-ta-se°v (Fs‚

]nXmhv cmPm-hm-bn-cp-∂p) bnkm-tb-ense Hcp \ymbm-

[n]\m-bn-cp-∂n-√. adn®v _e-]-tbm-K-Øm¬ `cWw

ssI°-em-°n-b-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p˛ AXm-bXv icn-bmb A[n-

Im-c-an-√msX bnkm-tb-ens\ cn-°p-hm≥ XmXv]-cy-s∏- -

h≥. `c-W-kw-_-‘-amb òjWn Hgn-hm-t°-≠-Xn\v

G‰hpw Cfb ktlm-Z-c-\mb tbmY-ans\ HgnsI as‰√m

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tcbpw Ah≥ sIm∂p-I-f-™p. titJ-anse

Xpºp-sI- -hcpw \n m-c-∑m-cp-amb Xs‚ _‘p-°-fn-epsS

]h¿Øn-®, Xs∂ cmPm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ahn-

sS-bp≈ P\-ßsf t]cn-∏n®p. KnsZ-tbm\v Fgp-]Xp

]pX≥∑mcm-bn-cp∂p D≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv (hm.2). Ah¿ F√m-

hcpw sIm√-s∏-ń-√. Aß-s\-bm-hp-tºmƒ hmIyw 5˛se

Fgn-]Xv F∂p≈Xv ]qPy-Øn¬ Ah-km-\n-°p∂ Hcp

kwJy-bmbn Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-h-Ww.

9:7˛15 Bg-amb A¿∞-ß-fp≈ IY-Ifpw D]-a-Ifpw

kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬ AS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v. ]gb \nb-a-Ønse

Npcp°w Nne D]-a-I-fn¬ H∂v ChnsS sImSp-Øn-´p-≠v.

sP≥k¿ CXn-s\-°p-dn®v A`n-]m-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv Xmsg-

]-dbpw ]Im-c-am-Wv.

P\-sa√mw Xmgvhc-bn¬ IqSn-h-∂-t∏mƒ, A_o-a-te-

°n-s‚ cmPym-`n-tj-I-sØ-°p-dn®v (In-coS [mc-Ww) tI´

tbmYmw sKcnknw ae-bpsS apI-fn-te°v HmSn-s®∂p B

A\p-Iqe ÿm\Øp \n∂m¬ Xmgvhcbnse P\-ßƒ°v

Xs‚ i_vZw tIƒ∏m≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\

Xm≥ ]kvXm-hn® hnNn-X-amb D]a Ah¿ i≤m-]q¿∆w

tI´p. hr£-ß-fpsS temIw Hcp cmPm-hns\ Xnc-s™-

Sp-°p∂ Be-¶m-cnI ]tbm-K-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v bnkm-tb-en-

s‚ kz`mhw Ah≥ NnXo-I-cn-®p. ssZhw Xß-sf B°n-

h® ]tbm-P-\-]-Z-amb ÿm\w Dt]-£n®v hr£-ß-fp-

sS-ta¬ `cWw \S-Øp-∂Xp hnth-I-]q¿∆w \nc-kn®

Henhp hy£w, AØn-hy-£w, ap¥n-cn-h≈n F∂n-h-bmbn

KnsZ-tbm-s\bpw ]pX-∑m-tcbpw NnXo-I-cn®p: F∂m¬

XmXv]-cy-]q¿∆w £Ww kzoI-cn-°-am-X-a-√. Xs∂ cmPm-

hm-°n-bn-s√-¶n¬ se_-t\m-\nse tZh-Zm-cp-°-sf-sb√mw

Xm≥ \in-∏n-°p-sa∂v ap∂-dn-bn∏p \evInb apƒs®-Sn-

tbmSv A_n-a-te-°ns\ Xm≥ D]-an-®p. (9).

9:16-˛21 Xs‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑msc \in-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬

bnkm-tb¬ P\w \oXn-bmWv ]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂-sX-¶n¬,

Xß-fpsS ]pXnb `c-W-I¿Øm-hn¬ Ah¿°p kt¥m-

jn°mw F∂p Xm≥ ss[cy-]¿∆w ]kvXm-hn-®p.

268 \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 9,10

Aßs\b√m-Ø-]£w A_n-a-te°pw titJ-an-ep-≈-

hcpw B`y-¥c bp≤-Øn¬ At\ym\yw Ie-ln®p \in-

°pw.

9:22-˛23 hmkvXh-Øn¬ AXp Xs∂-bmWv kw`-hn-®-

Xv. aq∂p h¿jw Ign-™-t∏mƒ, ssZhw A_o-sase-

°n\pw titJw ]uc-∑m¿°pw XΩn¬ OnZ-_p≤n hcp-

Øn. Xn∑-bpsS Imc-W-°m-c≥ ssZh-a√ F∂m¬ Ah≥

Xn∑ A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂p. IqSmsX A[¿Ωn-I-tfmSp _‘-

s∏-´p≈ Xs‚ e£y \n¿∆-l-W-Øn¬ Xm≥ AXv D]-

tbm-Kn-°-t]mepw sNøp-∂p(1- iap 16:14;1 cmPm 22:19-˛23

Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I). titJ-an\p kao-]-Øp-ff hym]mc

am¿§-ß-fn-eqsS k©-cn-®n-cp∂ bmX-°msc titJw

\nhm-kn-Iƒ sIm≈-bn-Sp-I-bpw, kzm`m-hn-I-ambn A_o-

sa-se°o\v e`n-t°≠ \nIpXn Ah¿ A]-l-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp (hm.25) A_o-sa-se°v Bcv? Ahs\ tkhn-

t°-≠-Xn\v titJw \nhm-kn-I-fmb \mw B¿? F∂p

]d-™p-sIm≠v, A_o-ta-se-°n-t\mSp t]mcm-Sp-hm≥

P\sØ Blzm\w sNøp-hm-\p≈ Hcp Ah-k-c-ambn

sImbvØp-’-hsØ Gs_-Zns‚ aI-\mb Km¬ D]-tbm-

Kn-®p. A_o-ta-te-°n-s‚ sNm¬∏Sn-°p \n¬°p∂

titJ-anse Kh¿Æ-dmb sk_q¬, A_o-ta-se-°n-s\-

Xn-cmb bp≤-Øn\p ]pd-s∏-Sp-hm≥ D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp.

9:34- 40 cmhnse ] -W-hm-Xn-°-se-Ønb Kmen-\v, ]¿∆-

X-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw P\w Xmtg°p \oßp-∂-Xmbn Xm≥

I≠-Xp-t]mse tXm∂n. A_o-ta-te-°n\v A[nIw

kabw In´s´ F∂ ]Xo-£-tbmsS Xm≥ I≠Xv shdpw

\ng-ep-I-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v sk_q¬ BZyw \Sn-®p.

F∂m¬ thsd Zni-bn¬\n∂pw hcp∂ c≠m-asØ

kwLsØ I≠-t∏mƒ AXp bYm¿∞-Øn¬ a\p-jy¿

Xs∂bmbn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Kmen\p a\- n-em-bn. At∏mƒ

BcpsS `c-WsØ Xm≥ Xp—o-I-cn-®p-thm, B hy‡n-

bpsS t\sc ]pd-s∏-´p-sN∂v s]mcp-Xp-hm≥ sk_q¬

Ahs\ sh√p-hn-fn-®p. Kmepw \nba `jvS-cmb Xs‚

kwLhpw bp≤-Ø-te¿s∏-´-t∏mƒ, Ah-cn¬ At\-I¿

lX-∑m-cmbn hogp-Ibpw Ah≥ DS-\Sn ]´-W-Øn-te°v

]n≥Xn-cn™v HmSn-t∏m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.

9:41-˛44 A_nta-se-°n-t\m-sS∏w Acq-a-bn¬ Xma-k-

am-°nb sk_q¬, Kmen-t\-bpw-A-hs‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-

tcbpw titJ-an¬ Xma-kn-°p-hm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°msX Ahn-

sS-\n∂pw \o°n-°-f-™p. ]ns‰-∂mƒ titJ-an-se

P\ßƒ the-bv°mbn hb-en-te°v ]pd-s∏-´p. AYhm

Hcp ]s£ lX-∑m-cmbn hoW-hsc sIm≈-bn-tS-≠-Xn-

\m-bn-´mhmw t]mbXv. AXn-s\-°p-dn®v Adn-hp-In-ńb

A_o-a-te°v Xs‚ ]S-P-\sØ aq∂p kwL-ß-fmbn

Xncn®p hb-en¬ ]Xn-bn-cp-∂p. c≠p-Iq´w Ah-cpsS t\sc

]m™p-sN∂v Ahsc BI-an-t°-≠-Xn\pw at‰ kwLw

] -W-Øn-te°v ]n¥n-cn™v HmSp-∂-hsc kwl-cn-t°-≠-

Xn-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. B ]Xn-bn-cn∏v ]q¿Æ hnP-b-am-bn-cp-∂p.

9:45 Hcp Znh-ksØ t]mcm´ e-ambn ]´Ww hoWp

P\-ßsf apgp-h≥ sIm∂n v, ]´Ww \in-∏n-°bpw AXn¬

D∏p hnX-dp-I-bpw- sNbvXp. (`qan AWphnap-‡-am-°-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xn-\p-th≠nbmWv D∏v hnX-dp-∂-Xv). Chn-sS, Cu

ÿew Xcn-im-bn- D-∏p-\n-d™ Hcp ]mgv\n-e-ambn Ft∂-

°p-an-cn-°Ww F∂p≈ A_n-ta-te-°n-s‚ Xocpam\sØ

shfns∏-Sp-Øp∂ ]Xo-Im-fl-Iamb Hcp ]hr-Øn-bm-bn

cp∂p AXv.

9:46-˛49 s_coØv tZhs‚ t£X-Øn\p kao-]-am-

bn-cp∂p titJw tKm]p-cw. titJw tKm]p-c-hm-kn-Iƒ

F√m-hcpw Cu t£X-Ønse hen-sbcp apdn-°p-f-fn¬

Hfn-®n-cp-∂p. At∏mƒ ASp-Øp≈ kevtam≥ ae-bnse

Imń¬ \n∂pw A_n-ta-se°pw IqsS-bp≈ ]S-P-\hpw

ac-s°m-ºp-Iƒ shń-s°m-≠p-h∂p aWvU-]-Øn\p Np‰pw

Xobn-´p. kvXoIfpw ]pcp-j-∑m-cp-a-S°w GI-tZiw

Bbncw t]¿ B \c-I-Øn¬ \in-®p-t]m-bn.

9:50 -˛57 tXs_kv ]nSn -® -S -°p∂ kµ¿`-Øn-

embncp∂p A_n-ta-se-°ns‚ A[:]X-\w. P\-ßƒ

F√m-hcpw A`bw tXSnbn-cp∂ Hcp tKm]pcw BI-an-

°p∂ ka-bØv Hcp kvXo Xncn-I-√ns‚]n≈ A_o-ta-

se-°ns‚ Xe-bn¬ C´p. Hcp kvXobm¬ Xm≥ sIm

√s∏´p F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-t°-≠Xn-\p, Xs∂ sI∂p

If-bp-hm≥ amc-I-ambn apdn-th‰ Xm≥ Xs‚ _mey-°m-

cn-sem-cm-tfmSv Bh-iy-s∏- p. Aß-s\ tbmYmw ap≥Iqń

]d™ hN-\-]-Imcw B apƒs®Sn \in-∏n-°-s∏-´p.

Ip‰-hm-fnsb in£n-°p-∂-Xn\v \oXn°v AXn-t‚-Xmb

hgn-bp≠v. A_o-ta-se°v Xs‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑msc

sIm∂Xv Hcp I√n-t∑¬ h®m-bn-cp-∂p(-hm. 5) AXp-t]mse

Hcp I√v Xs‚ Al-¶m-c-ap≈ Hcp Xe XI¿ØpIf-

™p. AI-a-ßƒ sNbvXp Pohn-°p-∂-h≥ AXn-\m¬

Xs∂ acn°pw.

G. tXmebpw bmbocpw (10:1-˛5)

bn mJm¿ tKmX-Ønse tXme bnkm-tb-ens\ Ccp-

]-Øn-aq∂p kwh-’cw \ymb-]m-e\w sNbvXp. F^nbnw

ae-\n-c-I-fn-em-bn-cp∂p Ah≥ ]m¿Øn-cp-∂-Xv.

Knse-bm-Zp-Im-c-\mb bmbo¿ bnk-tb-ens\ Ccp-]Øn

c≠p h¿jw `cn®p Xs‚ ap∏Xp a°ƒ ap∏Xp ]´-ß-

fn¬ cWw \S-Øn.

H. bn^vXm-lv(10:6˛12:7).

1. bnkm-tbm-ens‚ ZpxJw(10:16-˛18)

10:6˛9 bnkm-tb¬P\w ssZhsØ ad-°p-Ibpw hnK-

lm-cm-[-\-bn-te°v Xncn-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-sX-ß-s\ F∂

ZpxJIc-amb hnh-c-ß-fmWv \mw ho≠pw hmbn-°p-∂Xv.

bnkm-tb-en-s‚ hnKltkh Ahsc hnK-lm-cm-[n-I-

fpsS ASn-a-I-fm-°n. AtΩm-\ycpw sên-kvXy-cpw

tbm¿±m\p Ing-°p≈ blq-Z-∑m-tcmSp bp≤w sNbvXp.

IqSm-sX blqZm, s_\ym-ao¿, F^bnw F∂n-h-tcmSv

bp≤w sNøphm≥ AtΩm-\y¿ tbm¿±m≥ IS-∂p.

sên--kvXy-cp-tSbpw AtΩm-\y-cp-tSbpw apºmsI

bnkm-tb¬ _e-lo-\-cm-bn-cp∂p ImcWw Ah¿ btlm-

269\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 10,11,12

hsb Bcm-[n-°p-∂Xp Dt]-£n®v PmXob ssZh-ßsf

Bcm-[n-®p(hm.6).

10:10- 16 bnkm-tb¬ btlm-h-tbmSp \ne-hn-fn-®-t∏mƒ

ssZhw BZyw Ah-cpsS At]£ \nc-kn-®p. ap≥Ime

hnSp-X-ep-Iƒ kw‘n-®p≈ At\Iw kw -h-ßƒ Ah≥

FSp-Øp-≤-cn-°p-Ibpw Hmtcm hnSpXep-Iƒ°ptijhpw

Ah¿ X∂n¬ \n∂v AI∂p t]mbXv Ahsc Hm¿Ω-

s∏SpØpIbpw sNbvXp(-hm.13) F∂m¬ Ah¿ CS-hn-

SmsX \ne-hn-fn-°bpw Xß-fpsS hnK-l-ßsf Dt]-£n-

°p-I-bpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ ssZhw Ah-cpsS \ne-hnfn tI´p.

ssZh-Øns‚ a\- -en-™p. Ah-cp-sS IjvSX Ahs‚

Zbsb hnfn-®p-W¿Øn.

10:17,18 Knse-bm-Zn¬ ]mf-b-an -d -ßn-bn -cn -°p∂

AtΩm\y ssk\y-tØbpw ankv]-bn¬ Hcp-an®p IqSnb

bnkm-tb-en-s\-bp-amWv Cu A≤ymbw Ah-km-\n-°p-

tºmƒ \mw IWp-∂Xv Kne-bm-Znse ]pcp-j-∑m¿ Hcp bp≤-

\m-b-Is\ At\z-jn-°-bm-bn-cp-∂p(-hm.17.18).

2. bnkm-tb-en-t\m-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ bn^vXm-

lns‚ c£Ww (11:1˛28)

11:1˛3 B kµ¿ -Øn-\p-tbm-Py-amb a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp∂p

bn]vXmlv. Knse-bm-Zy-\mb bn]vXmlv ]cm-I-a-im-en-bm-

bn-cp-∂p. AtXm-sSm∏w thiym-]p-X-\p-am-bn-cp∂p kztZ-

i-°m-cm¬ XyPn-°-s∏´ Ah≥ Hcp kwLw Zp¿am¿Kn-I-

fpsS AYhm \nb-a-`-jvS-cm-b-h-cpsS t\Xm-hm-bn-tXm_v

(kn-dn-bm-bn-em-bn-cn-°m-\mWv km≤y-X) tZiØv Ae™p

\S-∂p.

11 :4˛11 AtΩm\y¿s°-Xn -cmbn bnkm -tb¬

ssk\yØ \bn-°p-hm≥ Knse-bm-Znse aqs∏-∑m¿

bn^vXm-ln-t\mSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp -Ibpw sshcn-Isf

tXmev]n®p Ign-bp-tºmƒ Xß-fpsS t\Xm-hmbn Ahs\

AwKo-I-cn-°m-sa∂v hm°p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

]e-hn-[-Øn¬ bn -Xmlv tbip-In-kvXp-hns\ Hm¿Ωn-

∏n-°p-∂p. Xs‚ P\-Øn-t∑¬ Hcp adhv D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

IqSmsX kz¥ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cm¬ Xm≥ XyPn-°-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw sNbvXp.-A-h¿ ASnaØØn-em-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ

Xs∂ Hm¿°bpw Ah-cpsS c£-I-\mbn Ahs\ hnfn-

°-bpw- sNbvXp. Knse-bm-Zysc klm-b-°m-sa∂p kΩ-

Xn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS bn vXmlv Ah-cpsS c£-I-\m-bn-cn-°m-

sa-∂Xv AwKo-I-cn-®p. ]s£ AtXm-sSm∏w AhcpsS

A[n-]-\p-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Xm≥ iTn-®p.

11:12-˛28 AtΩm-\y-cpsS cmPm-hns‚s ASp-°¬ ZqX-

∑msc Ab-®v, Xs‚ Itø-‰-Øn-s‚ ImcWw hni-Z-am-

°p-hm-\p-≈ Hc-h-kcw X\n°v \evIp-I-sb-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

bn vXm-lns‚ BZysØ \S-]-Sn. bnkm-tb¬ P\w ank-

bn-an¬ \n∂pw I\m-\n-te°v bmX sNbvX-t∏mƒ Xs‚

`qan, A]-l-cn-s®-Sp-Øp-sh∂v cmPmhv ]cm-Xn-s∏-´p.

Aßs\b√m-bn-cp∂p kw`-h-sa∂v bn^vXmlv hy‡-am-

°n. GtZm-ay¿ (B-h.2:4.5). tamhm-_y¿ (B-h.2:9)

AtΩm-\y¿ (B-h.2:19)-˛C-h-sc-√m-hcpw blq-Z-∑m-cpsS

AI∂ Nm¿®-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p˛ F∂n-h-cp-ambn CS-s]-S-cp-

sX∂v btlmh Xs‚ P\-Øn\p \n¿t±iw sImSp-Øn-cp-

∂p. AXp-sIm≠v bnk-tb¬ GtZmw tZihpw tamhm_v

tZihpw Np‰n-bmWv k©-cn-®Xv Fßs\bmbm-epw, Ah¿

AtΩm-\y-cpsS tZiØv FØn-b-t∏mƒ, AXn-t\m-SIw

Xs∂ AtΩmcy cmPm-hmb kotlm≥ AXp ]nSn-®-S-

°n-bn-cp-∂p. AtΩm-\ysc tXm¬∏n-®mWv bnkm-tb¬

Cu tZiw ssIh-I-am-°n-b-Xv.

AtΩm\y cmPmhv B tZi-Øn-t∑-ep≈ Xs‚ Ah-

Imiw ]n≥ hen-°p-hm≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-®-t∏mƒ bn^m-Xmlv

bp≤-Øn-s\m-cpßn.

3. bn^m-Xm-lns‚ Xocp-am\w (11:29-˛40)

bp≤w Pbn®p aSßn hcp-tºmƒ,X-s‚ ho´n¬ \n∂pw

BZyw Xs∂ FXn-tc‰p hcp-∂-sXt¥m AXp btlm-h-

bv°p-≈-XmIpw F∂p bp≤-Øn\p t]mIpw aptº

bn^vXmlv Xocp-am-\n-®n-cp∂p. AtΩm-\y-cpsSta¬

btlmh Ah\p hnPbw \evIn, Xm≥ aSßn hcp-tºmƒ

Xs‚ aIƒ Xs∂ FXn-tc‰p sN∂p. bn^vXmlv Xs‚

Xocp-am-\-]-Imcw Ahsf btlm-hbv°v A¿∏n-®p.

bn^vXmlv hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Xs‚ aI-tfmSv sNbvX-

sX¥v F∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v H´-[n-I-amb A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-

k-ß-fp≠v H∂m-asØ A`n-]m-bw, bn^vXmlv Ahsf

sIm∂v ssZh-Øn\v Zl-\-bm-Z-ambn A¿∏n-®p-sh-∂p-≈-

Xm-Wv. \c-_en _o`-’hpw ssZhw Hcn-°epw AwKo-I-

cn-°m-Ø-Xp-am-sW-¶n-epw(-B-h.18:9˛14) ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep≈

G‰hpw hy‡-amb A¿∞w Hcp-]s£ CXmWv arK-

ßsf amXta bmKw Ign-®n-cp-∂p≈q a\p-jysc ssZh-

Øn\pth≠n ka¿∏n-°bpw ]n∂oSv ]Ww sImSpØv

Ahsc hos≠-Sp-°p-Ibpam-bn-cp∂p sNb-Xn-cp-∂Xv (]p-

d13:12,13;tehy27:1˛8)

btlm-h-bp-sS ipiq-j-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬ Hcp

\nXy-I-\y-I-bm-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\v bn^vXmlv Xs‚ aIsf

btlm-hbv°v \evIn-sb-∂-XmWv as‰mcp s]mXp A`n-

]m-bw. Xs‚ ho´p-hm-Xn-ev°¬ \n∂pw Xs∂ FXn-tc‰p

hcp-∂Xv btlm-h-bv°p-≈-Xm-Ipw, As√-¶n¬ Rm≥

AXp Zl-\-bm-K-ambn A¿∏n°pw (hm.31) F∂m-bn-cp∂p

bn^vXmlv ]d-™Xv F∂ Bi-bsØ i‡-ambn

]n≥Xm-ßp-∂-h≥ ÿm]n-°p-∂p. 37- 39 hmIy-ßƒ \nXy

I\y-ImXzw F∂ Bi-bsØ i‡-ambn ]n≥Xm-ßp-∂p.

GtXmcp Imcy-Øn-em-bmepw ZpX-K-Xn-bn¬ ]Xn-⁄-I-

sfm-∂pw sNøphm≥ ]mSn√ F∂ ]mT-amWv CXv \ap°v

\evIp-∂-Xv.

4. bn^vXmlv F^o-bn-aysc sIm√p-∂p(12:1˛7)

12:1˛4 bn vXmlns‚ hnP-b-Øn¬ Akq-bm-ep-°-fmb

F^-bn-ay¿, bp≤-Øn¬ ]¶p tNcp-hm≥ Xßsf A\p-

h-Zn-®n-√m-sb∂p bn^-Xm-ln-t\mSp ]cm-Xn-s∏´p klm-b-

Øn-\mbn Xm\-h-tcm-S-`y¿∞n-®p-sh-¶nepw AXv hy¿∞-

ambncp∂p-sh∂ hkvXpX bn^vXmlv Ahsc Hm¿Ω-s∏-

Sp-Øn. Knse-bm-Zy¿ \n m-c-∑mcpw F^n-bn-ay¿ ]mem-bn-

X-∑m-cp-am-sW∂v ]d™v Kne-bm-Zy-cmb bn^vXm-lns‚

Bfp-Isf F^-bn-ay¿ ]cn-l-kn-®p. (Cu F^n-bn-ay¿

270 \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 12,13

]iv\-a-≠m-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. KnZ-tbm≥ anZy-\ysc

tXmev]n-°p-tºmƒ Ah¿ ]iv\-ap-≠m°n (A.8), -C-

t∏mƒ \ymbamb Imc-W-ß-fn-√msX bn^vXm-lp-ambn

Ah¿ Ie-ln-®p.)

12:5˛6 bn vXmlpw Iqćpw F^n-bn-aysc BI-an-°p-

Ibpw Ah¿°p c£-s]-Sp-hm-\p≈ am¿§-amb tbm¿±ms‚

IS-hpI-sf√mw AS®p If-Ibpw sNbvXp. tbm¿±m≥ IS-

°p-hm≥ Bsc-sb-¶nepw A\p-h-Zn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ Ah¿

AXn\p apºv IS∂p t]mIm≥ A\p-aXn In´p-∂-\-Xn-

\p≈ ]Z-amb ""int∫mteØv'' (H-gp-Ip∂ Acp-hn) F∂

kt¶X ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ \n¿_‘n-X-\mbncp∂p.

Cu hm°v F^n-bn-ay¿°v icn-bmbn D®-cn-∏m≥ Ign-bp-

am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ah¿ knt∫m-te-Øv(10) F∂p-]-d-bp-∂-Xn-

eqsS Xß-fpsS hy‡n-XzsØ H‰n-s°m-Sp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. \mev]-Øn-c-≠m-bncw F^n-bn-aysc tbm¿±m-¶¬ h®v

bn^vXmlv sIm∂p Xs‚ kz¥w tZi-°m-cpsS `bm-\-

I-amb Hcp sIme-]m-X-Iw.

ssZh-P-\-ß-fpsS CS-bn¬ Xs∂-bp≈ CØcw t]mcm-

´-ßƒ ZpxJ-ap-f-hm-°p-∂-h-bmWv. F^-bn-ay-cpsS c‡w

Ct∏mƒ AtΩ-\y-cpsS c‡-hp-ambn CS-I-e¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

\ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS ]pkvX-I-Ønse tim`n-°p∂ ÿe-

ßƒ t]mepw sImSpw Zpcn-X-ß-fm¬ Ipe-jn-X-am-bn-cp-

∂p. hfsc tami-amb Hc-`n-]m-b-amWv dnUu´v \¬In-bn-

cn-°p-∂-Xv.

aX \nµsb t\cn-Sp-Ibpw AXns\ AXn-Po-hn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvX-h-cmWv Ct∏mƒ ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿°v t\sc

hmsf-Sp-°p-Ibpw kXy- kw-_-‘-ambn ]m[m-\y-ap≈

X¿°-hn-j-b-ß-f-√mØ Imcy-ß-tfm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬

t]mcmSpIbpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CsXmcp ]c-am¿∞-

at√?(11)

12:7 Hcp \ymbm-[n-]-s\∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ bn vXm-lns‚

tkh\w Bdp-h¿j-tØ-°m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn\p tijw

Ah≥ acn®p Knse-bm-Zn¬ Ahs\ AS°w sNbvXp

KnsZ-tbm≥, _mcm-°v, inwtim≥ F∂n-h-tcm-sSm∏w

bn^vXm-ln-s\-°p-dn®pw F_m 11:32 ˛¬ FSp-Øp-≤-cn-

®n-cn-°p∂p Ah¿s°√mw Ah-cp-tS-Xmb tZmj-ß-fp-≠m-

bn-cp∂p F¶nepw Hcn-°-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰m-cn-°¬ Xß-fpsS

AXn-a-l-Øm-b- hn-izmkw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-h-cm-bn-cp∂p

Ah-sc-√mw.

I.- C-_vkm≥, Gtem≥, A_vtZm≥ (12:8˛15)

12:8-˛10 C_vkm≥ bnk-mtb-en¬ Ggp kwh-’cw

\ymb-]m-e\w sNbvXp t_Xvetlw kztZ-in-bmb Ah\v

ap∏Xp ]pX-∑m-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ap∏Xp I\y-I-amsc

Ah¿°p-th≠n Xm≥ sIm≠p-h-∂p(-F∂p h®m¬ Xs‚-

tKmXØn\p ]pd-Øp-≈-h-sc-∂¿∞w) Ahs\ Ipdn®v

\ap-°-dn-bm-hp∂ Imcy-ßƒ CX-am-X-am-Wv.

12:11,12 Gtem≥ sk_q-eq¨ tKmX-°m-c-\mbncp∂p

]Øp h¿jw \ymbm-[n-]≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬ Xm≥

]h¿Øn®p Aø-tem≥ Xmgvhcbn¬ Ahs\ AS-°n.

12:13-˛15 lnt√-en¬ aI-\mb A_vtZm≥, F^bnw

tZiØv Aam-te-Iy-cpsS ae-\m- n-se ]ocotYm-\n¬ \n∂p-

≈-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p. F´p- h¿jw Ah≥ bnkm-tb-en\p \ymb-

]m-e\w sNbvXp.-Xs‚ \mev]Xp ]pX-∑msc Ipdn®pw

ap∏Xv ]uX-∑msc Ipdn®pw ]tXyIw FSpØp ]d-™n-

´p-≠v.

J. inwtim≥ (A.13-˛16)

inwtims‚ ssZhoI ]mc-º-cyw(-A.13)

13:1˛3 bnkmtb¬ a°ƒ ]ns∂bpw btlm-hbv°v

A\n-jvS-am-bp-≈Xv sNbvXp F∂v CXv Ggmw Xh-W-

bmWv \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \mw hmbn-°p-

∂-Xv. B ]-hrØn ho≠pw Bcw-`n-°p-I-bm-Wv. C]m-

hniyw sên-kvXy-cmWv bnkm-tb-ens\ \mev]Xp kwh-

’cw ASn-a-I-fm-°n-b-Xv. bnk-tb¬ sên-kvXy-cm¬

]oUn-∏n-°-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬, Zm≥

tKmX-Ønse at\m-l-bpsS `mcy°v btlm-h-bpsS

ZqX≥(-In-kvXp) ]Xy-£-\m-bn, a®n-bm-bn-cp∂ Ahƒ Hcp

aIs‚ amXm-hmbn Xocp-sa∂v ]d-™p. h‘y-X-bp≈

K¿`m-ibw ]e-t∏mgpw ssZhoI ]≤-Xn-I-fnse Hcp Bcw-

`ÿm\am-Wv. Ah¿ \n¿÷o-h-Xz-Øn¬\n∂pw Pohs\

hnfn®p hcp-Øp-∂p. D≈-Xns\ C√mbva sNøp-hm≥ GXp-

an-√m-Ø-Xns\ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

13:1˛3 Cu aI≥ Xs‚ AΩ-bpsS K¿`w apX¬ Poh-

]-cy¥w \mko-cm-bn-cn-°-W-am-bn-cp∂p. Ah≥ ho™pw

aZyhpw IpSn-°m-sXbpw apSn IXn-°m-sXbpw Ccn-°-W-

am-bn-cp∂p Ahs‚ AΩbpw ho™v aZyw Aip-≤-amb

hkvXp-°ƒ F∂nh h¿÷n-°-Ww.

\mko¿ hrX-ÿs\ Ipdn-®p≈ hN\ ]›m-Øew

a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ kwJy 6:2 hmbn-°p-I. km[m-c-W-bmbn

Hcp hy‡n kz¥ CjvS-]-Im-cw-F-Sp-°p∂ Xocp-am-\-amWv

\mko¿ hrXw F∂m¬ inwtim-s‚- Im-cy-Øn¬ \mko¿

hrXw Xs‚ P\-\w- ap-X¬ acWw hsc-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

13:8˛14 btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥ ho≠p-sam-cn-°¬ IqSn

]Xy-£-s∏´v IqSp-X¬ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn

at\ml ]m¿∞n-®p. Aßs\ btlm-h-bpsS ZqX≥

ho≠pw B kvXo°v ]Xy-£-\m-bn, B kz¿§ob

kµ¿i-Is\ ImWp-hm≥ Ahƒ XnSp-°-Øn¬ Xs‚

`¿Øm-hns\ hnfn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-∂p-sh-¶nepw IqSp-X-em-bp

≈ \n¿t±-i-ß-sfm∂pw Xm≥ B ka-bØv \evIn-bn-√.

13:15- 18 Ah≥ shdp-samcp a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp∂p sh∂p

Nn¥n® at\ml btlm-h-bpsS ZqX-\p-th≠n Hcp hncp-

s∂m-cp-°p-hm≥ `mhn®p. F∂m¬ Htcm Xc-Øn-ep≈

hsc-t∏mse at\m-l-tbm-sSm∏w `£n-∏m≥ ZqX≥ Iq´m-

°n-bn√ AXn-\p-]-I-c-ambn Hcp Bń≥ Ipńsb btlm-

hbv°v Zl-\-bm-K-ambn A¿∏n-°p-hm≥ Xm≥ \n¿t±-in®p

ZqXs‚ t]cp tNmZn® at\m-l-tbmSp ZqX≥ ]d-™-Xv.

AXp AXn-i-b-ap-≈-X-Ip∂p F∂mWv. sbi 9:6˛¬

tbip I¿Øm-hn\p \evI-s∏- n- p≈ t]cp-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wn

Xv.

13:19-- ˛23 Aßs\ at\ml Hcp tImem-ń≥Ip-ńsb

btlm-hbv°v bmKw Ign®p btlmh kzbw ]Xy-£-

271\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 13,14,15

s∏- -Xm-bn-cp∂p CsX∂p hy‡-am-°n-s°m-≠v, B ZqX≥

bmK-]o-TØn-t∑¬ \n∂pb¿∂ Xo Pzme-bn¬ kz¿§-

Ønte°v Ib-dn-t∏m-bn. at\m-lbpw mcybpw kmjvSmKw

hoWv \a-kvI-cn-®p.B ZqX≥ ssZh-tØ-°mƒ Xmgv∂-h-

\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ DNn-X-a-√m-Xm-Ip-am-bn-cp∂ Hcp ]hy-

Øn. ssZhw Ah-cpsS ]°¬ \n∂v tlma-bm-Khpw t`mP-

\-bm-Khpw ssIs°m-≠-Xp-sIm-≠v, Ah¿ ssZhsØ

I≠p-sh-¶nepw AXns‚ ê-ambn acn-°-bn-√.

13:24,25 AXn\p tijw Ah¿°v Hcp aI≥ P\n®p

Ah\p inwtim≥ (sN-dnb kqcy≥) F∂p t]cn´p btlm-

h-bpsS Bflmhv i‡-ambn Ahs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬

]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv hfsc thK-Øn¬ hy‡-am-bn.

thZ-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ Npcp-°w-Nne hy‡n-Iƒ amXta

Xß-fpsS i‡n-bpsSbpw _e-lo-\-X-bp-tSbpw CØ-

cØn-ep≈ Hcp hyXymkw ]Z¿in-∏n -°p-∂p≈p.

inwtims\ Ipdn®v Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ km[m-c-W-bmbn \mw

Ahs‚ i‡n-sb-°p-dn-®mWv Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xv. Xs‚ \·-

amb Ic-ßƒsIm≠v Ah≥ Hcp knwl-sØ- sIm-∂p

(\ymbm 14:6) H‰ ssIsIm≠v ap∏Xp sên-kvXysc

sIm∂p(14:19)blq-Zy¿ Xs∂ _‘n-®n-cp∂ Ib¿ s]mń-

®p If-™v, Hcp Igp-X-bpsS XmSn-sb-√p-sIm≠v Bbncw

sên-kvXysc sIm∂p(15:14-˛16) sên-kvXy¿ Hcp-°nb

Hcp- sIWn-bn¬ \n∂pw c£-s]-Sp∂ Ahk-c-Øn¬ K -

bpsS ]´-W-hm-Xn¬ Cf-°n-sb-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v Ah≥ \S-

∂p-t]mbn (16:3) Zeo-e-bpsS hnizm-k-h-©-\-bn¬ \n∂pw

aq∂p ]mhiyw Ah≥ c£-s]- p˛ Hcn-°¬ Xs∂ _‘n-

®n-cp∂ DW-ßmØ Ggp ]®- Rm¨ s]mń-®p-sIm≠v

c£-s]- p. ]n∂oSv Hcn-°¬ Xs∂ _‘n-®n-cp∂ ]pXnb

Ib¿ shdpw \qep-t]mse s]mń-®p-I-f™p sIm≠v c£

s]´p ho≠pw Hcn-°¬ Xs‚ Ggp PU _‘n-®n-cp∂

s\bvXp-X-Sn-bp-sS Ip‰nbpw ]mhpw ]dn-s®-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v

c£-s]´p (16:6˛14). Ah-km-\-ambn ZmtKms‚ t£X-

Øn¬ sên-kvXy¿°p-th-≠n Ifn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂

inwtim≥, t£X-Øns‚ XqWp-Iƒ ]nSn-®p-h-en-®p-sIm-

≠v, Xs‚ Poh-Im-eØp sIm∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ IqSp-X¬

t]sc Xs‚ acW ka-bØp sIm∂p(16:30)

F∂m¬ inwtims‚ _e-lo-\-X-Ifpw hfsc ]I-S-

am-Wv. kvXoIsf kw_-‘n-®p≈ Hcp _e-lo-\X X\n-

°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs∂ ]oXn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Hcp kvXosb

Int´-≠-Xn\p ssZh-tØmSv A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv ImWn-°p-

∂-Xn\v Xm≥ Xøm-dm-bn-cp-∂p(14:1˛7). Ah≥ Xs‚ amXm-

]n-Xm-°-tfbp A\p-k-cn-®n-√(14:3). Ah≥ h©n-°p-am-bn-

cp∂p (14:9,16:7,11,13). ssZh-h-P-\-Øns‚ iXp-hmbncp∂

ap∏Xp sên-kvXy-cp-ambn kmtlm-Z-cy-_‘w ÿm]n®p

(14:11-18). Ah≥ tIm]-Øn\pw ]Ibv°pw hgn-sbm-cp°n

(14:19;15:4,5). Xs‚ kz`m-h-Øn¬ Iqc-amb Hcp ]h-W-

X-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p(15:4.5). Ah≥ Hcp thiy-bp-ambn kl-

h-kn-®p(16:1,2). ZpjvSXsIm≠v Ah≥ t\cw-t]m°n

(16:6˛14). iXp-hn\v Xs‚ i‡n-bpsS clkyw shfn-s∏-

SpØn sImSp-Øp(16:17,18). Ah≥ [m¿jvSy-ap-≈-h\pw

henb Bfl-hn-izm-k-°m-c-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. (16:20). Ah-km-

\-tØXv F∂m¬ \n m-c-a-√m-Ø-Xv, Ah≥ Xs‚ \mko¿

hrXw sX‰n-®p(14:9).

2. inwtims‚ hncp∂pw IS-¶-Y-bpw (A.14)

14:1˛4 Hcp sênkvXy I\y-Isb hnhmlw sNøp-

hm-\p≈ inwtims‚ Xocp-am-\-Øn¬ Ahs‚ X∂njvSw

]I-S-am-°-s∏- p˛ sên-kvXy-¿ bnkm-b-tb-eys‚ iXp-

°-fm-bn-cp∂p ˛ Ahs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ Ahs\ ]n¥n-

cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ ian-s®-¶nepw Xs‚ Xocp-am-\-Øn¬ Dd®p

\n∂p inwtim-s‚ A\pkc-W-t°Sv btlmh AwKo-I-

cn-®p-sh∂v 4˛mw hmIy-Øn-\¿∞-an-√. adn®v bnkm-tb-en-

s‚ t£aØn¬ iXp°sf in£n-°p∂Xn\pw th≠nbm-

bn-cp∂p Ah≥- AXv A\p-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw tae-[n-Im-c-ap-]-

tbm-Kn®v d±v sNø-phm≥]-±Xn CSp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

14:5˛7 amXm]n-Xm-°-tfm-sS∏w sênkvXy ] -W-amb

Xnav\-bn-te-°p≈ bmXm at≤y Hcp _me-knwlw

inwtims\ `b-s∏-Sp-Øn. At∏mƒ btlm-h-bpsS

Bflmhv i‡n-tbmsS Ahs‚ ta¬ h∂p. Iøn¬ H∂p-

an√mXncns° AXns\ sIm∂p If-bp-hm≥ Ahs\ i‡-

\m-°n. Hcp ]s£ Cu kabw hnhm-l-Øn-\p≈ Hcp-°-

ßƒ sNbvXn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

14:8,9 ]n∂oSv inwtim≥ Xs‚ h[p-hns\ Bh-iy-

s∏-tS-≠-Xn\v Xnav\-bn-te°v aSßn hcp-tºmƒ, Xm≥

sIm∂ knwl-Øns‚ DS-en-\-IØp tX≥ I≠p, AXv

FSpØp amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ°v sImSp-Øp. ih-Øn-\m¬

Aip≤-am-b-XmWv Cu tXs\∂v Ah≥ Xs‚ amXm-]n-

Xm-°-tfmSv ]d-™n-ń-√ (-\m-ko¿ hX-ÿ-\mb Ah≥

Hcp NØ arKsØ sXm´pXp sIm≠v Xs‚ hXw `Ko-

I-ambn sX‰n-®p).

14:10-˛14 Xn∑-bn¬ Hcp henb hnhm-l-hn-cp∂v Hcp-°-

s∏-ń -cp∂p. AhnsS Xs‚ ap∏Xp tXmg-∑m-tcmSv

inwtim≥ Hcp ISw-¶Y tNmZn-®p, Ah¿ AXns‚ DØcw

]d-™m¬ Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw Hmtcm D≈¶n hoXw sImSp-

°m-sa∂v Ah≥ ]d-™p. A√m-Ø-]£w Ah¿ Ah\v

ap∏Xp hntij hkvXhpw ap∏Xp D≈-¶nbpw sImSp-

t°Ww IS-¶Y CXm-bn-cp-∂p.

""t`m‡m-hn¬ \n∂pw t`mP-\hpw

a√-\n¬ \n∂p a[p-chpw ]pd-s∏- p.''

Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah≥ knwlsØ sIm∂Xpw AXns‚

DS-en-\-IØp tX≥ Is≠-Øn-b-Xp-amWv Dt±-in-®-Xv.

14:15-˛18 B ]pcp-j-∑m¿°v AXns‚ DØcw In´msX

h∂-t∏mƒ, inwtims‚ ]°¬\n∂pw AXp t\Sn-sb-Sp-

°p-hm≥ Ahs‚ `mcysb òjWn hm°p-I-fm¬ t]cn-

∏n-®p. Ahƒ A]-Imcw sNøp-Ibpw B ap∏Xv ]pcp-j-

∑m¿°v AXv hnh-cn®p sImSp-°p-I-bpw sNbvXp. Ah¿

DØ-c-hp-ambn inwtims‚ ASp-°¬ h∂v hkvX-ßƒ

Bh-iy-s∏-´p. Ah¿ Xs‚ `mcy-bp-ambn kl-I-cn-®mWv

DØcw ]d-™-sX∂v inwtim\v At∏mƒ a\- n-em-bn.

14:19,20 B ]pcp-j-∑m-cpsS ISw ho´p-hm-\p≈ hkvX-

Øn-\mbn Ah≥ AkvI-tem-\n¬ sN∂p tIm]-tØmSv

272 \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 15,16

ap∏Xv t]sc sIm∂p, Ah-cpsS DSp-∏q-cn-sb-Sp-Øp. AXn-

\p-tijw hnhmlw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-tS≠ Ggmw Znhkw

kzm`-h-\-Øn-te°v aS-ßn-t∏m-bn. inwtim-s‚ `mcy

Ahs‚ Iq´p-Im-c-\m-bn-cp∂ tXmg∂p mcy-bm-bn-Øo¿∂p.

3.- inw-tims‚ ]Xn-Imc \S-]-Sn(-A.15)

15:1-˛6 Xs‚ `mcy-bpsS ASp-Øp-sN-√p-hm≥ AΩm-b-

∏≥ Ahs\ A\p-h-Zn-°m-Xn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ, Ah≥ aq∂qdp

Ipdp-°-∑msc ]nSn®p Cuc-≠mbn hmtem-Sp-hm¬ tN¿Øp

sIń AXn-s‚- \-Sp -hn¬ Hmtcm ]¥w h®p. Xo

sImfpØn sên-kvXy-cpsS hnf-hn-te°v hn´p I‰bpw

hnfhpw Henhp tXm´-ß-fp-sa√mw Np´p-I-f-™p-sIm≠v

Xs‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb ]I- hoń. Iqchpw ê-iq-\y-hp-

amb Cu ]hy-Øn-bpsS ImcWw sên-kvXy¿ a\- n-

em-°p-Ibpw inwtims‚ `mcy-tbbpw Ah-fpsS ]nXm-hn-

t\bpw Np´p sIm∂psIm≠v ]I-cw-ho-´p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

15:7˛13 inwtims‚ ]Xn-Imcw hen-sbmcp Iq´w sên-

kvXysc sIm∂p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-tijw Ah≥

sN∂p blqZm tZi-Øn¬ GXmw ]mc-bpsS Klz-c-Øn¬

]m¿Øp. F∂m¬ AIaw IqSp-X¬ AI-a-ßƒ°v XpS-

°-an-Sp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-bXv. sên-kvXy¿ Ahs\ ]n¥p-

S¿∂p sN∂-t∏mƒ, blq-Zy¿, sên-kvXy-¿ Xßsf

hmgp-I-bm-sW∂v ASn-a-I-sf-t∏mse sN∂p Ah-s\

Hm¿Ωn-∏n-®p. Ah-cp-sS- Poh≥ c£n-∏m≥ th≠n

inwtims\ kpc-£n-X-\mbn ]nSn-®p-sIń iXp-°sf

Gev]n-°p-hm≥ Ah¿ ]c-kv]cw kΩ-Xn®p Xs‚ kz¥

tZi-°m¿ Xs∂ sIm√p-I-bn-s√-∂-dn™ inwtim≥

AXn\p kΩ-Xn-®p. Hc-Sna at\m-`m-h-Øn-te°v A[-]-

Xn® Ah≥, inwtims\ klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw

iXp-°-tfmSv Iqdv ]pe¿Øp-Ibpw kz¥w tZi-°m-cs\

H‰n- sIm-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v Xßsf Xs∂ c£n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp.

15:14-˛17 inwtims‚ HutZym-KnI Pohn-X-Ønse al-

Xz-am¿∂ \nan-j-ß-fn-sem-∂mWv XpS¿∂p-≈-Xv. _‘-\-

ÿ-\mbn ]pd-Øp-h∂ Ah-s‚ ta¬ btlm-h-bpsS

Bflmhv i‡n-tbmsS h∂p. Hcp Igp-X-bpsS ]®-Øm-

Sn-sb-√p-sIm≠v Bbncw sên-kvXysc sIm∂p If™p

B ÿe-Øn\v Ah≥ cmamØv teln (Xm-Sn-sb-√ns‚

D∂-X-ÿn-Xn-Iƒ) F∂p am¿÷n-\n¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-

°p∂p)F∂p t]cn-´p.

\njv e-sa∂p tXm∂p∂ AØ-c-sam-cm-bp-[w-sIm≠v

btlmh CX-h-en-sbmcp hnPbw F¥p sIm≠p \evIn-

sb∂p Hcp-h≥ A¤p-X-s∏-t´°mw inwtim\v Aip-≤-

am-bXv bmsXm∂pw sXmSp-hm≥ ]mSn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. NØ

Hcp arK-Øn-s‚ mK-am-bXn\m¬ XmSn F√p Xo¿®-bmbpw

Aip-≤-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ hne-sI´ D]-I-c-W-ßƒ

sIm≠v ssZh-Øm¬ \evI-s∏´ B hnPbw Bam-\p-jn-

I-am-bn-cp∂psh∂v Akm-[m-cWamb Cu Bbp[w sXfn-

bn-°p-∂p. Atß-b-‰sØ ]Xn-k-‘n-L- -ß-fn¬, km[m-

cW \ne-bn¬- A\phZ-\o-b-a-√mØ \nb-a-`wKw btlm-

h- A\phZn-°p∂p F∂-Xns‚ Hcp-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wn-Xv.

15:18˛20 sh≈-Øn-\m-bp≈ inwtims‚ ]m¿∞-\-

bpsS adp-]-Sn-bmbn ssZhw A¤p-X-I-c-amb hn[-Øn¬

teln-bn¬ Hcp \ocp-dh Xpd∂p. Acphn F∂¿∞-ap-≈-

G≥-˛-l-t°msc F∂p t]cn-´p.

inwtims‚ HutZym-KnI Pohn-X-Ønse tIfn-tI´

Cu Ime-L-´-amWv bnkm-tb-ense Ccp-]Xp h¿jsØ

Ahs‚ \ymb-]m-e-\-ambn ssZhm-flmhv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

4. inwtim≥ sZeo-ebm¬ h-©n-°-s∏´p (A.16)

Xs‚ `c-W-Øn¬ Gsd-Ip-dsb Ah-km\ ka-b-Øv-

A-\n-b-¥n-X-amb Xs‚- PU-tam-lw, sênkvXy ]´-W-

amb K -bnse Hcp thiy-bpsS `h-\-Øn-te°v Xs∂

\bn®p. Ah-km\w Xß-fpsS iXp-hn-s\ sIWnbnem-

°n-sb∂p ]´-W-°m-¿ hn-Nm-cn®p. F∂m¬ inwtim≥

]mXn-cm-Xn-bn¬ Fgp-t∂‰p ] -W-hm-Xn-en-s‚ IXIpw Iń-

f-°m¬ c≠pw HmSm-º-tem-Sp-IqsS ]dn-s®-SpØv Npa-en¬

h®v ]pd-s∏-´p. \mev]Xp ssa¬ AIse slt_-s\-Xn-

sc-bp≈ ae-ap-I-fn¬ sIm≠p-t]m-bn.

16:4˛10 AXns‚ tijw inwtim≥ Zeoe F∂p

t]cp≈ Hcp sênkvXy kvXosb kvt\ln-®p. Cu

hkvXp-X-b-dn™ sênkvXy ]`p°∑m¿, inwtims\

hio-I-cn®v Ah-s‚ almi‡n-bpsS clkyw shfn-s∏-

Sp-Øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ahƒ°p henb ]Xn- ew sImSp-

°m-sa∂p hm°p sImSp-Øp. Ah-fpsS H∂m-asØ ia-

Øn¬, Hcn-°epw DW-ßmØ ]® RmWp-sIm≠p _‘n-

®m¬ Xs‚ i‡n £bn-°p-sa∂v inwtim≥ ]d™

]Imcw Ggp ]® RmWp-sIm≠v Ahƒ Ahs\ _‘n-

®n´v sên-kvXy¿ Xs‚ ta¬ NmSn hogp-hm≥ t]mIp-

∂p-sh∂v inwtimt\mSv ]d™p. F∂m¬ inwtim-\m-

Is´ NW-\q¬ t]mse AXns\ s]mń®p If-™p.

16:11,12 c≠masØ ia-Øn¬, iowtims‚ \n¿t±-i-a-

\p-k-cn®v sZeoe ]pXnb Ib-dp-sI≠v Ahs\ _‘n-

®n´v sên-kvXy¿ sIm√p-hm≥ hcp-∂p-sh∂p ]d™p

ho≠pw Hcp \q¬ t]mse Ah-\Xp s]mń®p If™p.

16:13,14 At∏mgpw XotbmSp Ifn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-

bm-bn-cp∂p inwtim≥. Xs‚ Xe-bn-se Ggp-P-Ubpw

\q¬∏m-hn¬ tN¿Øp s\bvXm¬ Xm≥ \n -lm-b-\mbn

Xocpw F∂p Zeo-e-tbmSp ]d-™p. A]-Imcw sNbvX

Ahƒ sên-kvXy¿ Xs∂ sIm√p-hm≥ hcp-∂p-sh∂

ap∂-dn-bn-t∏msS Ahs\ DW¿Øn F∂m¬ s\bvØp

XSn-bp-sS Ip‰nbpw ]mhpw Ah≥ ]dn-s®-Sp-Øp.

16:15- 20 Xf¿∂ inwtim≥ HSp-hn¬ Xs‚ i‡n-bpsS

clkyw sZeo-e-b°v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-sIm-Sp-Øp. Xs‚

i‡n-bpsS Dd-hn-S-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ahs‚ \of-ap≈ apSn,

]s£ Hcp \mko¿ hX-°m-c-\m-Wv˛ AXm-bXv ssZh-

Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ Hcp th¿]mSv ˛Xm-s\-∂-Xn-s‚ Hcp

_mly-A-S-bm-f-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. \o≠ apSn-b√ adn®v

ssZh-hp-am-bn-´p≈ Xs‚ _‘asX Xs∂ i‡-\m-°n-

bn-cp-∂-Xv. F¶nepw Xs‚ apSn apdn®p If-™m¬ Xm≥

i‡n-lo-\-\mbn Xocp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ahs‚ iIvXn-bpsS

clkyw X\n°v Inń-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Ct∏mƒ sZeo-

273\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 16,17

e°v a\- n-embn Ah≥ sZeo-e-bp-sS aSn-bn¬ Dd-

ßptºmƒ Ahƒ sên-kvXysc Bf-b®p hcp-Øn. Ah-

cn-sem-cmƒ Ah-s‚ PU apdn-®p-I-f-™p. Aß-s\

Ahs‚ i‡n Ahs\ hn´p-t]m-bn.

kn.- F-®v.- am-°n≥tSmjv ]kvXm-hn-®-Xv:

inwtims‚ lrZ-b-sØ-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ i‡-am-bn-

cp∂p sZeo-e-bpsS aSn-sb∂p sXfn-™p. Bbncw sên-

kvXy¿°v Ign-bm-Ø-XmWv Hcp kvXo Xs‚ sIWn-bn-

em-°p∂ hio-I-c-W-Øm¬ km[n-s®-Sp-Ø-Xv.(12) Dd°ap

W¿∂ inwtim≥ btlmh Xs∂ hn´p F∂-dn-bmsX

Xs‚ i‡n kam-l-cn-°p-hm≥ ian-®p.

16:21,22 sên-kvXy¿ Ahs‚ IÆp IpØn-s∏m-ń-®-

tijw K -bn-te°v sIm≠p-t]mbn , AhnsS Ahs\

Pbn-en-e-S®p. Imcm-K-l-Øn-e-S-bv°-s∏´ Ah≥ amhp

s]mSn-°p-hm≥ \n¿_-‘n-°-s∏-´p. _‘n-°p∂ (bind-ing) A‘-\m-°p∂ (blinding) s]mSn-°p∂ (grinding)]m]-Øn-s‚ _‘\w F∂v Cu Xnhn[ A[:]X-\sØ

Btcm Hcmƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. F∂m¬ Ah-s‚s#

apSn kmh-[m-\-Øn¬ ho≠pw hf¿∂p XpS-ßn.

16:23-˛31 sênkvXy ]`p-°-∑m¿ , Xß-fpsS tZh-

\mb ZmtKms‚ D’-h-tØm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬-Hcp henb

_en \S-Øn-b-t∏mƒ, Xß-fp-sS tZh≥ Xßƒ°p-th≠n

sNbvX-Xns‚ Hcp ]Z¿i-\-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ inwtims\

Ahn-tS°v sIm≠p-h∂p. Xs‚ A`ym-k-ßƒ sIm≠v

Ahsc kt¥m-jn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ah¿ Ahs\ \n¿_-

‘n®p. D’-h-Øn-\n-S-bn¬, t£X-Øn\p Xmßm-bn-cp∂

\S-Øq-Wp-Iƒ c≠nepw ]nSn-®p-sIm≠v klm-b-Øn-\mbn

btlm-h-tbmSv hnfn-®-t]-£n-®n-´v, Ah≥ XqWp-I-fn¬

Nmcn, B sIńSw XI¿Øp-I-f-™p. AXn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂

kIe P\hpw sIm√-s∏-´p. Xs‚ Poh-Im-eØp sIm∂-

Xn-t\-°mƒ A[nIw t]sc inwtim≥ Xs‚ acWka-

bØp sIm∂p F∂-XmWv ZpxJ-I-c-amb tcJ. Xs‚ Pohn-

X-Øn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw sên-kvXy-tcmSp IqsS kl-h-kn-

°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS kvXoIsf XSp-Øp-Iq-Sm-Ø-h-cmbn

ImWp-Ibpw sNbvX inwtim≥ Xs‚ ac-W-k-a-bØv

ZmtKms‚ t£Xm-h-in-jvS-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ At\I ih-

ßƒs°m∏w Hcp ih-ambn sên-kvXy-tcm-sSm-∏-amWv

Ct∏mƒ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. th¿]mSv Hcp cmP-Iob acWw

Ah\v t\Sn-sIm-Sp-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. ChnsS \n m-c-ambn

IW-°m-°-cp-XmØ hfsc Kuc-h-I-c-amb Hcp ]mT-amWv

\ap°v e`n-°p-∂-Xv. th¿]mSv (hn-ip-≤n) Ipd-™p-t]m-

Ip-∂-Xp-aqew i‡n Ipd-™p-t]m-Ibpw X∑qew \mi-

Øn\p Imc-W-ambn Xocp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ]m]-Øn\p

\ΩpsS Ah-b-h-ßsf Gev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xv kz¥w

\mi-Øn\p hgn sXfn-°p-∂p. inwtims‚ ih-i-cocw

Ahs‚ _‘p-°ƒ h∂v Zms‚ `q]-tZ-i-tØ°p

sIm≠p-t]m-bn. Ahn-sS-kw-kvI-cn-®p.

III. aX]chpw [m¿Ωn-Ihpw cmjvSo- b-hp-amb A[x-]-X\w (A.17-˛21).

\ymbm[n-]-∑m-cpsS ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ Cu Ah-km-\-

`mKw, Gsd-°psd Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn-\p≈ Hcp A\p-

_‘w t]mse-b-bm-Wv. kabw IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-∂n-S-

tØmfw 17-˛21 hsc-bp≈ A≤ym-b-ßƒ kw`-h-hn-h-c-

WsØ ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-∂-X-√. adn®v \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS

Ime-L-´-Øn¬ bnk-tb¬ apßn-t∏m-b, aX-]-chpw

[m¿Ωn-Ihpw, cmjvSo-b-hp-ambn A[x-]-X-\-Øns‚ Ah-

ÿ-sb-Ip-dn-®p≈ t]Sn-∏n-°p∂ kqN-\-bmWv \¬Ip-∂-

Xv. AXpt]mse cqØns‚ sNdnb ]pkvXIw BIm-

esØ \ymbm-[n-]-∑m-cpsS Ncn-XsØ ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-

∂-X√, adn®v sshcp-≤y-Øn\p _Z-embn F_mb Ncn-

X-Ønse Ccp-≠-bp-K-Øn¬ ssZhoI tijn-∏ns‚ \√

kqN-\-I-fmWv AXp \evIp-∂-Xv.

A. aoJmhns‚ aX-ÿm-]\w (A.17)

17:1˛4 aX-]-c-amb Agn-a-Xn-I-fn-sem-∂ns‚ hnh-c-WamWv

BZy-tØ-Xv. Fô-bn-ay-\mb anJmhv Xs‚ AΩ-bpsS

]°¬ \n∂pw Bbn-cØn Hcp \qdp tit°¬ sh≈n

tamjvSn-®p. Xs‚ aI-\mWv CXv tamjvSn-®-sX-∂-dn-bmsX

CXv sNbvX Bsf Ahƒ i]n®p im]-Øns‚ ê-

sØ-°p-dn®v `b-s∏-´ Ah≥ sh≈n Xs‚ AΩbpsS

ASp-°¬ aS-°n-s°m-≠p-h∂p At∏mƒ- A-hƒ im]w

FSpØp If™n´v, sh≈n aS°n sImSp-Ø-Xn\v aIs\

A\p-K-ln-®p. Ct∏mƒ Xm≥ Xmev]-cy-s∏- n-cp∂ Dt±-iy-

Øn-\mbn AXp-]-tbm-Kn-∏m≥ Ahƒ°p km[n-®p. Ahƒ

Ccp-\qdp tit°¬ sh≈n-sb-SpØv AXp-sIm-≠v c≠p

hnK-l-ßƒ D≠m-°p-hm≥ G¬∏n-®p. H∂m-a-tØXv XSn-

sIm≠p ]WnXv AXn¬ sh≈n s]mXn™v, sImØp-

]Wn sNbvX Hcp cq]-am-bn-cp-∂p. hm¿Øp-≠m-°nb

cq]tam apgp-h\pw sh≈n-sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p.

17:5,6 aoJmhv Ahsb Xs‚ Kl-_nw-_-ß-tfm-sSm∏w

]qPm-Kn-cn-I-fn¬ ]Xn-jvTn®p. IqSmsX Xs‚ IpSpw-_-

Øn-\p-th≠n Hcp ]utcm-lnXyw Iao-I-cn-°p-hm\pw

Ah≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. AXn-\mbn Hcp Ft^mZv (]p-tc-lnX

hkvXw)D≠m-°p-Ibpw X\n°v ]ptcm-ln-X-\m-bn-cn-t°-

≠-Xn\v ]pX-∑m-cn¬ Hcp-hs\ Ic-]-qcWw sNøp-Ibpw

sNbvXp. Hcp F^n-bn-ay≥ ]ptcm-ln-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-hm≥

]mSn√ F∂p≈ ssZhoI \nb-a-Øn\v Xo¿®-bmbpw CXv

FXn-cm-bn-cp-∂p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ tamsibvI \nb-a-a-\p-

k-cn®v Cu Imcy-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-sf√mw \nba hncp-≤-am-bn-cp-

∂p.

17:7˛13 Ipd®p \mfp-Iƒ°p-tijw s_Xve-tl-ay-\mbn

blqZm tKmX-Øn¬ \n∂pw h∂n-cp∂ Hcp tehy≥ Xma-

kn-°p-hm-s\mcp CSw At\z-jn®p Fôbnw ae-\m-ń-

seØn (A-h≥ btlm-h-bpsS ipiq-j-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-

Øn¬ the sNtø-≠-h\pw bnkm-tb¬ P\-Øns‚

Zimw-iw-sIm≠v D]-Po-hn-t°-≠-h\pw Bbn-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬ \nbaw ewLn-®-Xp-sIm≠v Ah≥ Xs‚ Imcy-

ßƒ kzbw t\m°p-hm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-\m-bn.) Xs‚ IpSpw-

_-Ønse ]ptcm-ln-X-ÿm\w anJmhv Ah\v hmKvZm\w

sNbvXp. Cu a\p-jy≥ Hcp tehy≥ Bbn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw

Al-tcm-\y-Ip-Spw-_-Øn¬ s]´-h-\-√m-bvI-bm¬ ]utcm-

ln-Xy-ipiqj sNøp-hm≥ tbmKy-\m-bn-cp-∂n√ F¥m-

bmepw aoJmhv Ah\v iº-fhpw £-Whpw hkvXhpw

274 \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 18,19

sImSp-°m-sa∂p ]d-bp-Ibpw tehy≥ ipiqj sNøm-

sa∂p kΩ-Xn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu kPo-I-c-W-ß-

sf√mw ssZh-I-ev]-\°p hncp-≤-am-sW∂ hkvXpX

Hm¿Ωs∏SpØn aoJm-hn-t\mSv FXn¿t°≠ tehy≥,-A-

Xn\p ]Ic iº-fhpw AXn\p ]pdsa e`n® \nbX ]Xn-

^-e-ßfpw kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v ssZhoI Btem-N-\-Iƒ

F√mw ]d-bmsX Xs‚ A[cßsf AS°n au\m-\p-

hmZw \evIp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Cu A≤ym-b-Ønse kwK-Xn-I-fpsS InS∏v hni-Z-am-

°p-hm-\p≈ ]Z-amWv Nn¥m-Ip-g-∏w. tamjvSn-°s∏´ ]Ww

hnK-l-ßsf D≠m-°p-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®p.-tam-jvSm-hns\

A\p-K-ln-°p-hm≥ btlm-hsb Imc-W-am°n (hm.2).

kam-K-a\ IqSm-c-Ønse Bcm-[\ ]qPm-Kn-cn-I-fn-te°v

am‰n. tehycpw AXp-t]mse km[m-c-W-°mcpw ]ptcm-

ln-X-∑m-cmbn A`n-tjIw sNø-s∏- p. btlm-hsb Bcm-

[n-°p-∂-Xn\v hnK-l-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn®p IqSmsX Cu

Imcy-ß-fn-se√mw btlmh Xs∂ A\p-K-ln-°p-sa∂v

aoJmhv hnNm-cn®p (hm.13)! Cu Nn¥m-°p-g∏w a\p-jy-

lr-Z-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw Db¿∂p-h-∂-Xm-Wv. (hm.6) Cu

ImeØv bnkm-tb-en¬ ssZhoI \nbaw A\p-jvTn-°-

s∏-ń-cp∂psh¶n¬ Cu Imcy-ß-sfm∂pw kw`-hn-°p-am-

bn-cp-∂n-√. ASpØ A≤ym-b-Øn¬ \mw ImWp-∂Xp

t]mse, Nne-t∏mƒ Hcp hgn a\-jy\v sNm∆mbn tXm∂pw:

AXns‚ Ah-km-\tam ac-W-h-gn-I-fsX (k-Zr.14:12)

B. aoJmhpw Zm\ycpw (A.18)

18:1˛6 Gsd-°psd A°m-eØpXs∂ Zm≥ tKmX-°m¿

Xßƒ°v IpSn-∏m¿∏m≥ Hc-h-Imiw At\z-jn-∏m≥ Xocp-

am-\n-®p.

(Zm≥ tKmXØn\v Ah-Imiw C√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v

H∂mw hmIy-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w,

I\m≥ \mSp hn`m-Kn-®-t∏mƒ (tbm-ip.19:40-˛48) Ah¿°v

`qan sImSp-Øn√ F∂√ adn®v ]¥≠p tKmX-ß-fnepw

h®v G‰hpw sNdp-Xmb Ah-Imiw Ahsc kw‘n-®n-S-

tØmfw hfsc Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂p). F^bnw ae-\m-ńse

aoJm-hn-s‚- h-\-Øn-se-Ønb Ah-cnse Nne Nmc-∑m¿,

tehy bphm-hns‚ i_vZw Xncn-®-dn-™v, Xß-fpsS ]≤-

Xn-bnse ssZhm-\p-Kl kw_-‘-amb hmKvZm-\-sa-s¥∂v

Aht\mSv tNmZn-®-dn-™p.

18:7-˛13 Zm≥ tKmX-Ønse A©p ]pcp-j-∑m¿ hS-

°≥ ]´-W-amb eboiv H‰p-t\m-°n. sskzchpw kzÿ-

X-bp-ap≈ ]´-W-sa∂p I≠p. AXn-t\-°m-fp-]-cn. a‰p≈

a\p-jy-cp-ambn Ah-cpsS kwk¿§-an-√m-bn-cp∂p F∂p

h®m¬ Ab¬ cmPy-ß-fp-ambn ]c-k-]c klmb DS-º-

Sn-I-sfm-∂p-an-√mØ kam-[m-\-]n-b-cmb Hcp kaq-l-am-bn-

cp∂p Ah¿.

kwc£-W-an-√mØ Ah-cpsS Ah-ÿsb ssZh-

Øn¬ \n∂p≈ Zm\-ambn IW-°m-°n-sIm≠v bp≤-k-

∂-≤-cmb Adp-\qdp Zm\y¿ eboiv ]nSn-®-S-°p-hm-\mbn

]pd-s∏- p.

18:14-˛26 AXns‚ tijw Zm\y-cmb B A©p-t]¿

eboiv ]nSn-®-S-°p-hm-\mbn hS-t°m´p bmX sNbvX-

t∏mƒ, Ah¿ aoJm-hn-s‚ hoń¬ IS∂v hnK-l-ß-sf√mw

]nSns®SpØp t\cnsbmcp ]Xn-tj-[-Øn\p tijw

tIhew aoJm-hns‚ `h-\-Øn\p amX-ambn ipiqj

sNøp∂Xn\p ]Icw Zm≥ tKmX-Øns‚ ]ptcm-ln-X-\m-

bn-cn-°p-I-sb∂ Ah-cpsS Bhiyw tehy bphmhv

kt¥m-j-tØmsS kzoI-cn-®p. Xs‚ hnK-l-ßsf

tamjvSn -®-Xn -s\ FXn¿°p-hm≥ aoJmhpw ]´-W-

hmknIfn¬ Nnecpw Zm\ysc kao-]n-®-t∏mƒ an≠cp-X∂v

]d™v Ahsc shdpw ItømsS aS-°n-b-b-®p.

18:27-˛31- k-a[m\ \K-c-amb ebo-ins\ \in-∏n-®n´v,

Zm\y¿ B ]´-W-Øns‚ t]cv Zm≥ F∂m°n am‰n.

sImØp]Wn sNbvX B hnKlw Ah¿ AhnsS ]Xn-

jvTn®p; AXn-\p- tijw tamsi-bpsS aI-\mb sK¿tim-

ans‚ aI-\mb tbm\m-Ym-t\bpw Ahs‚ ]pX-∑m-tcbpw

]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cmbn \nb-an-®p.

\ymb-[n-]-∑m-cpsS ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ a\s» F∂ t]cv

tamsi F∂p \mw hmbn°Wsa-∂Xv s]mXpsh AwKo-

I-cn-°-s∏´ hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. ImcWw Xs‚ ]uXs‚

hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS ê-ambn tami°v D≠m-tb-°m-hp-

∂ am\-lm\n XS-bp-∂-Xn\v blqZ ]I¿sØ-gp-X-Xp-Im-

cm¬ B t]cv ad-b-°-s∏-ń-cn-°-bm-Wv. (14)

Dul-]-Imcw t\csØ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ tehy

bphm-hns‚ t]cmWv tbm\m-Ym≥ F∂p-≈Xv Cu Imew

ap-X¬ Zm≥ ]´Ww Hcp hnK-lm-cm-[-\-bpsS ]´-W-ambn

amdn. ]n¬°m-eØv sbmtcm-_bmw kz¿Æ Imf-°p-ń-

I-fn¬ H∂ns\ ]Xn-jvTn-®Xv Chn-sS-bm-Wv. 30- mw hmIy-

Øn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ ]hmkw A°m-esØ

sênkvXy ASn-a-Ø-sØ-bm-tWm, AtXm A o-cn-b≥

ASn-a-Ø-sØ-bmtWm kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂v hy‡-a-√(1-

iap 4:11, 2 cmPm 15:29) Zm\y-sc-√m-hcpw ebo-in-te°v

t]mbn√ (hm.11), AYhm hnK-lm-cm-[-\-°m-cmbn

Xo¿∂n√. blq-Zbv°pw F -bn-an\pw at≤y-bp≈ Xß-

fpsS q]-tZ-iØv Ipsd-t∏¿ Xma-kn®p Zm\y-cpsS c≠m-

aXp ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ Cu hn`m-K-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-h-\m-

bn-cp∂p B tKmX-Ønse G‰hpw ]ikvX hy‡n-bmb

inwtim≥.

C. tehy\pw Ahs‚ sh∏m-ńbpw (A. 19)

19:1- 12 [m¿Ωn-I-amb Zp¿∂-S-∏ns‚ Ahn-iz-k-\o-b-amb

Hcp Ncn-X-Øn-te-°mWv \mw GØn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv˛ Hcp

tehy-t‚bpw Ahs‚ sh∏m-ń-bp-tSbpw hnh-c-Ww. Cu

tehy\v blq-Zy-bnse t_Xve-tl-an¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp

sh∏m-ń-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂p Ahƒ kz`-h-\-Øn-te°v aS-ßn-

t∏mbn Hcp thiy-bmbn Pohn-°p-hm≥ BK-®n v Ahs\

Dt]-£n-®p. Ahsf Iqń-sIm-≠p-h-cm≥ Ah-fpsS ]nXy-

`-h-\-Øn-te°v sN∂ Ah≥ Nne-Zn-h-k-ß-ƒ AhnsS

Xn∂p IpSn®p cm]m¿Øp. Xs‚ sh∏m-ń-tbm-sSm∏w

AhnsS \n∂p t]mcp-hm≥ ian® Hmtcm ]mhiyhpw

Ipd-®p-IqSn AhnsS Xma-kn-°p-hm≥ Ah-fpsS ]nXmhv

Ahs\ \n¿_-‘n-®p. Ah-km-\w. A©mw Znhkw

275\ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 19,20,21

sshIn´v Xs‚ _mey-°m-c-t\mSpw, tIm∏n´ c≠p Igp-

X-I-tfmSpw Xs‚ sh∏m-ń-tbmSpw IqsS Ah≥ ]pd-s∏-

´p. Ah≥ (sb-cp-i-se-sa∂ sb_q-kn-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ

k‘ybmbn-cp∂p F∂m¬ B ]´-W-Øn¬ sb_q-ky-

cmb PmXn-Iƒ At∏mgpw hkn-®n-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Ah¿

AhnsS Xma-kn-®n-√. tPm¿Pv hneywkv C]-Im-c-amWv

]kvXm-hn-°p-∂-Xv.

ssZh-Øns‚ P\-sa∂p AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-´-htcmSv

IqsS cm]m¿°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ, PmXn-I-tfm-Sp-IqsS

]m¿°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p B tehy\p \√-Xv, ImcWw ssZh-

P\w PmXn-I-tf-°mƒ Zp¿am¿§n-I-fm-bn-Xo¿∂p. (15)

19:13˛21 kqcym-kvX-a\ ka-bØv s_\ym-aos‚ `q]-

tZ-i-Øn-ep≈ Kns_-b-bn¬ Ah¿ FØn-t®¿∂p. B

bmXm kwL-Øn\v Bcpw Xma-k-ku-Icyw Hcp-°m-

ØXn-\m¬, B tehy≥ Xm¬°m-en-I-ambn \K-c-ho-Yn-

bn¬ hni-an®p At∏mƒ Kns_-b-bn¬ Xma-kn-°p∂

F^bnw ae-\m-´p-Im-c-\mb Hcp hy≤≥ Ahsc Xs‚

hoń¬ ssIs°m-≈m-sa∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw Aßs\ Ah-

cXp AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

19:22-˛24 A∂p k‘y°v ssewKoI sshIy-X-ßƒ

ImWn-°p∂ Hcp Iq´-am-fp-Iƒ hoSp hf-™n´v AXn-Yn-

bmbn h∂ tehys\ Xßƒ°p hn´p-X-cWw F∂m-h-iy-

s∏´p [m¿Ωn-I-ambn A[x]Xn® CØcw kz`m-h-sØ-

°p-dn®v \mw thsdm-cn-SØv hmbn-°p-∂Xv temØns‚

Ime-L- -Øn-emWv (D-ev]19). \n¿`m-Ky-I-c-sa-∂p ]d-bs´,

tkmtZm-an¬ h∂-Xp-t]m-se, Cu bph-Xnsb kwc-£n-

°p-hm≥ Kn_-b-bn¬ Hcp ZqX\pw h∂n-√. Cu c≠p

kw`-h-ß-fnepw Ip‰w sNbvX-h¿°v AXns‚ ê-amb

in£ e`n-®p. kzh¿§ t`mKw ssZhw shdp-°p-∂p. a\p-

jys‚ [m¿Ωn-Im[x]X\w CXn-t\-°mƒ Xmtgm´p

t]mIm-\n-√. tehys‚ sh∏m- n-tbbpw I\y-I-bmb Xs‚

]pXn-tb-bbpw \¬In-s°m≠v A[¿Ωn-I-fmb Cu

_\ym-ao-\ysc Xy]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ B ho´p-S-b-h≥ Xocp-

am-\n-®p. Ah-cpsS kz`m-h-sØ Ipdn®v B¿X¿ I≥Um¿

A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Cß-s\-bm-Wv.

BZnXy acym-Z-bpsS AwKo-IrX kº-Zm-b-tØm-Sp-

≈- Xs‚ Xmev]-cy-Øn¬ B hy≤≥, B[p-\nI hmb-\-

°m-c≥ AXn-c‰ ]m[m\yw Iev]n-°p∂ Hcp \nb-am-hen

X®p-S-bv°p-hm≥ BK-ln-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-bXv

Ai-c-W-cp-tS-bpw _e-lo-\-cp-tSbpw kwc-£-Whpw

ipiq-jbpw F∂ \nb-am-h-en. ]pcm-X\ temIØv

kvXoXzsØ thK-Øn¬ BZ-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p Xo¿®-

bmbpw AXv Gsd-°psd blqZ hnizm-k-Øns‚ [¿Ωm-

\p-im-k-\-Øm-em-bn-cp-∂p. ]tXy-In®v InkvXob hnizm-

k-Øn-eqsS ]t_m-t[m-ZbØns‚ ê-am -bmWv

C∂sØ Ah-cpsS ÿm\w kvXoIƒ°v e`y-am-bXv

Xs‚ ASp-°¬ h∂n-cn-°p∂ hnin-jvSm-Xn-Yn°v H∂pw

kw -hn-°p-hm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°msX Xß-fpsS h-\sØ D]-

tcm-[n-®n-cn-°p-∂, \nb-¥-W-an-√mØ Cu PU-tam-ln-

Iƒ°v Xs‚ I\y-I-bmb aI-tfbpw tehys‚ sh∏m-ń-

tbbpw _en-bm-Sp-I-fm-°p-hm≥ Cu hy≤≥ Xøm-dm-Ip-

I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. (16)

19:25- 30 HSp-hn¬ Xs‚ kpc£ Hm¿Øp-sIm≠v, ocp-

hmb B tehy≥ Xs‚ sh∏m-ńsb Ah¿°p-th≠n

]pd-tØ-°-b-®p. \nIy-jvShpw AXn-bmbn at\m-th-Z-\-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-\-Xp-amb Ah-cpsS A[m¿ΩnI Zp¿\n-tbmKw

sIm≠v B cmXn Ahƒ acn®p s_\ym-ao-\y-tcmSv s]mdp-

°msX Xs∂ \mw Hcp Imcyw i≤n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v, Ahƒ

thmiym-hr-Øn°p Xs∂-Ø-s∂- apºv Gev]n-®p. sImSp-

Øn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬(-hm. 2) X\n°v Hcp thiy-bpsS

acWw A\p-`-hn-t°≠n hcn-I-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ]m]w

AXns\ ]n≥]-‰p∂h¿°v Zb-bn-√msX AXn-s‚

]Xnêw \evIp-∂p. ]`m-X-Øn¬ Ah-fpsS icocw DΩ-

c∏Snta¬ InS-°p-∂Xv B tehy-≥ I≠p. bnkmtb-

en¬ \S∂ AØ-c-samcp A ≥am¿§n-IXzw Ahs\

Ip]n-X-\m-°n, Ah≥ Ah-fpsS icocw ]¥≠p Ij-

W-ß-fm°n Hmtcm tKmX-ßƒ°pw kw -h-hn-h-c-W-a-S°w

sImSp-Ø-b-®p.

bnkm-tbm¬ PmXn A¥w hn´p-t]mbn!

D. s_\ym-ao-\y-cp-am-bp≈ bp≤w (A.20.21)

20:1˛14 s_\ym-ao-\y-scm-gn-sI-b-bp≈ bnk-tb¬

tKmX-ß-fnse Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ ]S-bm-fn-Iƒ ankv]-

bn¬ Hcp-an®p IqSn kw`-hn-®-sX√mw tehy-\n¬ \n∂pw

Kln-®p. Kn_-sb-s°-Xnsc bp≤w sNøp-hm≥ Ah¿

Xocp-am-\n®p F∂m¬ sX‰p-Im-cmb B \oN-∑msc

in£nt°≠-Xn\p Ahsc Gev]n®p sImSp-°p-hm-\p≈

Hc-h-kcw BZyw s_\ym-an-\y¿°p sImSpØp s_\ym-

an-\y¿ AXp Xnc-kv°-cn-®-t∏mƒ, Hcp B`y-¥-c-bp≤w

s]ń-∏p-d-s∏- p.

20:15- 48 tbmip-h-bp-tSbpw Xs‚ Xe-apdbptSbpw ac-

W-ti-jw, A[n-I-\mƒ Ignbpw aptº-bmWv Cu kw`hw

\S-∂-Xv, ImcWw B ka-bsØ alm-]p-tcm-ln-X≥ nt\-

lm-kv- Bbncp∂p(-hm.28). a‰p-tKm-X-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈

\m\q-dm-bncw (\mep e£w) ]S-bm-fn-I-tfmSp bp≤w

sNøp-hm≥ s_\ym-ao≥ tKmX-Øn\v tIhew 26,700 t]¿

amXta D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q(-hm.15- 17) F∂n´pw H∂m-a-sØ-

t]m-cm- -Øn¬ 22000 t]msc-bmWv s_\ym-ao-\y¿ sI∂Xv

(hm. 28-˛21) c≠m-asØ G‰p-ap-´-hn¬ 18000 bnk-tb-ey¿

h[n-°-s∏-´p(-hm.22-˛25) bp≤-Øn\p≈ ImcWw \oXn-bp-

≈-Xm-bn-cp∂psh¶nepw bnkm-tb¬ ssZh-tØmSp ]‰n

\nev°m-Ø-X-XmWv Ah-cpsS IjvS-Im-e-Øn\p Imc-W-

am-bn-Øo¿∂-Xv. B¥y-¥n-I-amb hnPbw Dd-∏m-°p-∂-Xp-

h-sc, B P\-X-b-tlm-h-bpsS apºmsI Xßsf Xs∂-

XmgvØphm≥ \n¿_-‘n-°-s∏- p-sh-∂mWv 18,23 26- 28-hm-

Iy-ß-fn¬ \ap°p ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv ap∂m-asØ

G‰p-ap- -en¬ bnk-tb¬ ]Xn-bn-cp∏v Iuiew ]tbm-Kn®p

s_\y-ao-\ysc Kns_-b-bn¬ \n∂pw HmSn-t∏mb Ccp-]-

Ø-øm-bn-cØn Hcp-\q-dp-t]sc sIm∂p If™p AXn-\p-

tijw s_\ym-an\y ]´-W-ß-sf√mw Np´p-I-f-bp-Ibpw

kvXoI-tfbpw Ipń-I-tfbpw sIm√p-Ibpw sNbvXp (-hm.

29-˛48).

aq∂p bp≤-ß-fn-em-bn. s_\ym-ao-\y¿°v Ccp-]-Øm-

dm-bn-cØn Hcp-\q-dp-t]¿ \jvS-s∏´p (hm.15,47 Xmc-Xayw

276 \ymbm-[n-]-∑m¿ 21

sNøp-I)(BZy c≠p Znh-k-ß-fn¬ Ah¿°v Bbncw

t]¿ \jvS-am-b∂p \ap°p a\- n-em-°m.) hm35-˛epw 44-

˛46 hmIy-ß-fnepw ImWp∂ h[w Ah-km\ bp≤-Øn¬

amX-ap≈ AXym-ln-X-sØ-bmWv kqNn-∏-°p-∂-Xv. tijn-

∏n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ B tKmXw ]q¿Æ-ambpw XpS®p

\o°-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

21:1˛15 s_\ym-ao≥ tKmXw GXm≠v ]q¿Æ-ambpw

D∑q-e\w sNø-s∏-´-Xp-sIm-≠v, Ct∏mƒ bnk-tb-en-se

]Xn-s\∂p tKmX-ßƒ ZpxJ-tØmSv ]›m-Ø-]n-°p-I-bm-

bn-cp∂p. Cu tKmXw ]q¿Æ-ambpw \in-°p-hm≥ Ah¿

BK-ln-®n-cp-∂n-√. s_\ym-ao\y ]pcp-j-∑m¿°v `mc-am-

cmbn Xß-fpsS ]pXn-amsc \¬Ip-I-bn-s√∂p Hcp Xocp-

am\w apºv ankv]-bn¬ h®v Ah¿ FSp-Øn-cp-∂p. s_\ym-

ao¿s°Xnsc-bp≈ bp≤-Øn¬ Xßsf klm-bn-°m-sX-

bn-cp∂ tbm¿±m\p Ing-°p≈ Knse-b-bm-Znse bmt_iv

\nhmknItfmSp bp≤w sNøpI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p Ah-

cpsS BZy-sØ ]cn-lmcw. \m\qdp I\yIamscm-gnsI

_m°n-sb-√m-hcpw B t]mcm-´-Øn¬ acn-®p. Ahsc

s_\ymao\y ]pcp-j-∑m¿°v mcy-am-cmbn \evIn.

21:16˛24 F∂m¬ B tKmXw A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-S-W-sa-

¶n¬ IqSp-X-em-bp≈ Icp-X¬ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ Bh-iy-am-bn-

cp-∂p-sh∂v CXv kv]jvS-am-Wv. Xß-fpsS ]pXn-amsc

s_\ymay¿°v hn´p-sIm-Sp-°-bn-√∂v bnk-tb¬ ]pcp-j-

∑m¿ i]Yw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. B Xocp-am-\-Øn¬\n∂pw

]n≥∑mdphm≥ Ah¿ Xøm-dm-bn-cp-∂p-an-√. AXp-sIm≠v

iotem-hn¬ sh®p≈ Hcp hm¿jnI D’-h-Øn¬ (Hcp

]s£ IqSm-c-s∏-cp-\mƒ Bbn-cn-°mw) \rØw sNøp∂

bph-Xn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Xßƒ°p-th≠n `mcy-amsc FSp-

Øp-sIm-≈p-hm≥ s_\ym-ao-\y-cn¬ tijn-®-hsc A\p-

h-Zn-°pI F∂ Hcp ]≤-Xn-tbmSp Ah-sc-√m-hcpw tbm

Pn®p iotem-hnse ]pcp-j-∑m¿ CXn-s\-°p-dn®v ]cm-Xn-

s∏-´-t∏mƒ, bnk-tb-ense Hcp tKmXw \„-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-

t°-≠-Xn\v CXp sNtø-≠-X-Xym-hn-iy-am-sW∂v a‰p tKm

X-°m¿ ]d™p mhn-°p-th-≠Xv ]p\-xÿm]n-°p-hm-\mbn

s_\ym-ao-\y¿ Xß-fp-sS tZitØ°v aS-ßn-t∏mbn.

\ymb[n-]∑m-cp-sS ImeL´-Øn-s‚ BZy ka-b-ß-

fnse bnkm-tb-en-se c≠p tKmX-ßsf ASp-Ø-dn--bp-

hm≥ Ah-km-\sØ Cu Nne A≤ym-b-ßƒ \sΩ

klm-bn-®p. F∂m¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp -Ø-s∏-ń -ń -√mØ

Fs¥√mw Imcy-ß-fmWv a‰p tKmX-ß-fn¬ kw`-hn-®-

sX∂v Hcph\v Duln-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw! Imew IS-∂p-

t]m-b-X-\p-k-cn®v Imcy-ßƒ hj-fm-bn-sb∂v \ap-°-dn-

bmw. Hcp P\-Øn\v ssZhØn¬ \n∂pw FX-amXw

AI∂p t]mIp-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v _n`-’-amb Cu Ncn-

X-ßƒ ImWn-°p-∂p. ChnsS \sΩ- Ak-ly-s∏-Sp-Øp-

amdv kz[¿Ω ]cn-Xym-K-Øn\v aXn-bm-b ew \mw ImWp-

∂p. \mw hmbn® Imcy-ßƒ \ΩpsS ssZh-amb btlm-

hsb At\z-jn-t°-≠-Xn\v \ΩpsS lrZ-b-ßsf cq]-s∏-

Sp-Øp-I-bpw,\-ΩpsS Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h≥ hniz-kvX-X-

tbmsS Ahs\ tkhn-°p-hm≥ \sΩ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ C∂pw \√-Xm-Wv.

21:25 B ImeØp bnkm-tb-en¬ cmPm-hn-√m--bn-cp∂p

Hmtcm-c-Ø≥ X\n°p t_m[n-®-Xp-t]se \S∂p F∂v

\ΩpsS ImXp-I-fn¬ apg-°p∂ ZpxJ-I-c-amb ]Xn-hm-Zy

tØm-sS \ymbm[n-]-∑m-cpsS ]pkvXIw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p

∂p.

Cu Ccp≠ Ime-L-´-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ km∑m¿§nI

amb Hcp kw`h IY-\-ap-≠v. F∂m-¬ AXp thdn´p Iao-

I-cn-®n-cp-∂Xp sIm≠v \ymbm-[n-]-∑mcpsS ]pkvX-I-Øn

se [m¿Ωn-Im-[-]-X-\-hp-am-bp≈ ASpØ Iq´p sI´p sIm

≠p Aip-≤-am-°-s∏-ń-ń√. Ct∏mƒ \mw cqØns‚ If-

¶-an-√mØ IY-bn-te°v \ΩpsS i≤-sb Xncn-°p-I-bmWv.

ENDNOTES

1(Intro) These are largely adapted from Grant,Jennings, and Ridout (see Bibliography).

2(2:11-19)lrving L.Jensen, , Judgest Ruth, p.12.

3(3:5,6)A. Cohen, “Joshua Judges”, PP.176,177.

4(Essay) Quoted by Lewis Sperry Chafer inSystematic Theology, 1:328.

7(8:10-17)Cohen, “Joshua . Judges,” p.227.

8(8:10-17) Ibid., p.225

9(9:7-15)Jensen, Judges/Ruth, p.49.

10(12:5,6)Some Languages (including Greek Latin)do not have the “sh” sound. Apparently one dialect ofHebrew either couldn’t pronounce “sh” or couldn’tdistinguish between “s” and “sh,” in this word at least.A similar situation existed in World War II whenAmerican Soldiers in the south Seas chose“lalapalooza” as a password. The Japanese had troubledifferentiating between the trouble differentiatingbetween the “I”and”r” and tended to say“raraparooza.”

11(12:5,6)Samuel Ridout, Lectures on the Booksof Judges and Ruth, p. 177.

12(16:15-20) C.H. Macintosh, Genesis toDeuteronomy,p.465.

13(18:7-31) Cohen, “Joshua . Judges,” p. 291

14(18:27-31) John Haley, Alleged Discrepanciesof the Bible, p. 338.In Hebrew the Consonants SpellingMoses and Manasseh are nearly the same (Mshh andMnshh), so it could be simply a copyist’s error.

15(19:1-12) George Williams, The Student’sCommentary on the Holy Scriptures, p.132.

16(19:22-24) Arthur E. Cundall, Judges and Ruth,p. 197.

277

NOTES

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