XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions€¦ · ACF Activated carbon fibers A/cm2 Amps per...
Transcript of XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions€¦ · ACF Activated carbon fibers A/cm2 Amps per...
XIV–1
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
α-AlH3 Alphapolymorphofaluminumhydride~ Approximately@ At°C DegreesCelsius°F DegreesFahrenheitΔ Change,deltaΔG GibbsfreeenergyofreactionΔH Enthalpyofreaction,Enthalpyof
hydrogenation∆H°f StandardheatofformationΔK Stressintensityfactor∆P Pressuredrop,pressurechange≈ Equalsapproximately> Greaterthan≥ Greaterthanorequalto< Lessthan≤ LessthanorequaltoµCHP Micro-combinedheatandpowerµCHX Microscalecombustor/heatexchangerμc-Si Microcrystallinesiliconμm Micrometer(s),micron(s)η Viscosity# NumberΩ Ohm(s)Ω/cm2 Ohm(s)persquarecentimeterΩ-cm2 Ohm-squarecentimeter% Percent® Registeredtrademark$ UnitedStatesdollars11B-NMR Boron11nuclearmagneticresonance1-D,1D One-dimensional1Q Firstquarterofthefiscalyear2-D,2D Two-dimensional2Q Secondquarterofthefiscalyear3-D,3D Three-dimensional3DSM Dimensionallystablemembranewith
3-dimensionalporoussupport3Q Thirdquarterofthefiscalyear3-L Three-layer4Q Fourthquarterofthefiscalyear5-L Five-layer
6FPAEB-BPS100 HexafluorobisphenolAbenzonitrile-biphenylsulfone
8YSZ 8mol%yttria-stabilizedzirconiaa.k.a. AlsoknownasA Ampere,ampsÅ AngstromAB Ammonia-borane,NH3BH3
ABH2 Ammoniumborohydride,NH4BH4
AC AlternatingcurrentACC AdvancedanodecatalystACF ActivatedcarbonfibersA/cm2 AmpspersquarecentimeterACN AcetonitrileACNT AlignedcarbonnanotubeACTransit AlamedaContraCostaTransitAD Anaerobicdigestion;AnodedewpointADG AnaerobicdigestergasAEM Anionexchangemembrane;Analytical
electronmicroscopyAEO AnnualEnergyOutlookAER Absorption-enhancedreforming;All-electric
rangeAFDC AlternativeFuelsDataCenterAFM Atomicforcemicroscopy;Anti-ferromagneticAFP AutomatedfiberplacementAFV AlternativefuelvehicleAg SilverAGC ActivatedgraphiticcarbonAgCl SilverchlorideA-h Amp-hourAHJ AuthoritieshavingjurisdictionAIR AverageindividualriskAISI AmericanIron&SteelInstituteAIST JapaneseNationalInstituteofAdvanced
IndustrialScienceandTechnologyAK AlkaliAl AluminumAl2O3 AluminumoxideALARP AslowasreasonablypracticableAl-AB Aluminum-ammonia-boraneAlCl3 Aluminumchloride
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–2
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
ALD AtomiclayerdepositionAlH3 Aluminumhydride;AlaneALS AdvancedLightSourceatLawrenceBerkeley
NationalLaboratoryALT AcceleratedlifetestAM AirmassAM1.5 AirMass1.5solarilluminationAM1.5G AirMass1.5Global(solarspectrum)AMBH AmminemetalborohydrideAMC Aminomethyl-cyclohexaneAMR AnnualMeritReviewAMR ActivemagneticregeneratorAMRL ActivemagneticregenerativeliquefierAMRR ActivemagneticregenerativerefrigeratorAN AcrylonitrileANL ArgonneNationalLaboratoryANOVA AnalysisofvarianceANSI AmericanNationalStandardsInstituteAo Arrheniusconstant,ml/[cm2-min-atm½];
AvailabilityAPCI,APCi AirProductsandChemicals,Inc.APD 3-aminopropane-1,2-diolAPR Aqueous-phasereformingAPU AuxiliarypowerunitAQMD AirQualityManagementDistrictAr ArgonARRA AmericanRecoveryandReinvestmentActAs ArsenicASAXS Anomaloussmall-angleX-rayscatteringa-Si Amorphoussilicona-SiC Amorphoussiliconcarbidea-SiGe Amorphoussilicongermaniuma-SiN AmorphoussiliconnitrideASME AmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineersASPEN Modelingsoftware,computercodefor
processanalysisASR Area-specificresistanceAST AcceleratedstresstestASTM ASTMInternational,originallyknownasthe
AmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterialsAT Ammoniatriboraneat% Atomicpercentatm AtmosphereATP Adenosinetriphosphate;Advanced
TechnologyProgramATPase Adenosinetriphosphatase
ATR Autothermalreformer;Autothermalreforming;Attenuatedtotalreflection
ATR-FTIR AttenuatedtotalreflectanceFouriertransforminfrared
a.u. ArbitraryunitsAu GoldAuS GoldsulfideAuSnOx GoldsupportedonhydroustinoxideAuTiOx GoldsupportedontitaniumoxideAutonomie Plug-and-PlayPowertrainandVehicleModel
ArchitectureandDevelopmentEnvironmentsoftwaremodelbyArgonneNationalLaboratorytosupporttherapidevaluationofnewpowertrain/propulsiontechnologiesforimprovingfueleconomythroughvirtualdesignandanalysisinamath-basedsimulationenvironment
Avg AverageAZO Aluminumzincoxide11B-NMR Boron11nuclearmagneticresonanceB BoronB2O3 Boronoxide;DiborontrioxideBa BariumBara Barabsolutebarg BargaugeBBC 4,4’,4’’-(benzene-1,3,5-triyl-tris(benzene-4,1-
diyl))tribenzoateBCC Body-centeredcubicBCN BoroncarbonnitrideBe BerylliumBES BasicEnergySciencesofficewithintheDOE
OfficeofScienceBET Brunauer-Emmett-Tellersurfaceareaanalysis
methodBEV BatteryelectricvehicleBFZ0 BaFe0.975Zr0.025O3
BFZ1 BaFe0.90Zr0.10O3
BG-DW 65%bio-glycol-35%distilledwaterB-G BorondopedgraphiticmaterialB-H Boron/hydrogenbondB-H,BH,BH4 BorohydrideBi BismuthBILI Bio-derivedliquidfuelsBILP Benzimidazole-linked-polymersBisSF Bisphenol-sulfoneBLP Borazine-linkedpolymers
XIV–3
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
bmimBF4 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazoliumtetrafluoroborate
bmimCl 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazoliumchlorideBmimOTf 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazoliumtriflatebmimPF6 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium
hexafluorophosphateBMPFFP 1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium
tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphateBN Boron-nitrogenBNH Boron-nitrogen-hydrogenBNHx Dehydrogenatedammonia-boraneBNL BrookhavenNationalLaboratoryBNNT BoronnitridenanotubesB-O Anyoxidizedboronspecies,borateBoc Tert-butoxycarbonylB(OH)3 BoricacidBOL BeginningoflifeBOP,BoP BalanceofplantBOT BeginningoftestBP Bisphenol;Biphenylbpe Bis(4-pyridyl)ethaneBPEE 1,2-bipyridyletheneBPDC Biphenyl-4,4’-dicarboxylateBPP BipolarplateBPPPO Biphenol-basedphenylphosphineoxideBPPPO-35 Biphenol-basedphenylphosphineoxide
copolymer,35%molarfractionofdisulfonicacidunit(35%levelofsulfonation)
BPS BallardPowerSystemsBPS BiPhenylSulfoneBPS100 Fullydisulfonatedpoly(aryleneethersulfone)BPSH BlockpolysulfoneetherpolymerBPSH BiPhenylSulfone:HFormBPSH-30 BiphenylsulfoneHform,30%molar
fractionofdisulfonicacidunit(30%levelofsulfonation)
BPSH-x BiPhenylbaseddisulfonatedpolySulfone(H+form)(xdenotesdegreeofsulfonation)
BPVC BoilerandPressureVesselCodeBPVE Perfluorocyclobutane-biphenylvinyletherBPVE-6F Perfluorocyclobutane-biphenylvinylether
hexafluoroisopropylideneBPy 2,2’-bipyridineBPY 4,4’-bypyridineBr BromineBr2 DiatomicbromineBTB 1,3,5-benzenetribenzoate
BTC 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylateBTE 4,4’,4’’-(benzene-1,3,5-triyltris(ethyne-2,1-
diyl))tribenzoateBTT Benzenetris-tetrazoleBTTCD Octa-carboxylateligandBTU,Btu Britishthermalunit(s)Bu3SnCl TributyltinchlorideBu3SnSnBu3 HexabutyldistannaneBV BenzylviologenBxHy PolyhedralboranesBZYC BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Yb0.1O3-δ
C CarbonC CouloumbC2H4 EthyleneC2H6 EthaneC3H8 PropaneCa CalciumCA CarbonaerogelCA ChronoamperometryCaBr2 CalciumbromideCaCO3 CalciumcarbonateCAD Computer-aideddesignCAE Computer-assistedengineeringCAER CenterforAppliedEnergyResearchCaFCP CaliforniaFuelCellPartnershipCaI Clostridium acetobutylicumhydrogenaseCaO CalciumoxideCARB CaliforniaAirResourcesBoardCaS CalciumsulfideCaSFCC CaliforniaStationaryFuelCellCollaborativeCbHS Carbon-basedhydrogenstorageCB ConductionbandCBM ConductionbandminimumCBN Carbon-boron-nitrogenCBS CasaBonitastrain;Completebasissetcc Cubiccentimeter(s)CCC CarboncompositecatalystCCD Charge-coupleddeviceCCF Complexcoolantfluidcc/gcat/hr Cubiccentimeter(s)pergramcatalystper
hourCcH2 Cryo-compressedhydrogenCCHSS ComplexCompoundHydrogenStorage
SystemCCM Catalyst-coatedmembrane;Coordinate
measuringmachine
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–4
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
Cc/min,ccm Cubiccentimetersperminuteccp Cubicclose-packingCCS CarboncaptureandstorageCC&S CarboncaptureandsequestrationCCVJ 9-([E]-2-carboxy-2-cyanovinyl)julolidineCd CadmiumCD Compactdisk;Chargedepleting;Cathode
dewpointCdl DoublelayercapacitancecDNA ComplementaryDNACDO CodedevelopmentorganizationCDP CompositedataproductCdS CadmiumsulfideC-DSMTM Chemicallyetcheddimensionallystable
membraneCe CeriumCEA Commissariatàl’EnergieAtomiqueCEC CaliforniaEnergyCommissionCEM Compressor/expandermotor(module)CeO2 CericoxideCF Carbonfiber;CarbonfoamCFC ChlorofluorocarbonCFD ComputationalfluiddynamicsCFF Complexcoolantfluidcfm CubicfeetperminuteCGA CompressedGasAssociationCGH2 CompressedgaseoushydrogenCGM Charge-generatingmaterialCGO Ceriumgadoliniumoxide,Gd-dopedCeO2
CGS Coppergalliumdiselenide,CuGaSe2
CGSe2 CoppergalliumdiselenideCH HydrogenatedgraphenecH2 CompressedhydrogengasCH4 MethaneCHARGEH2 GTIhydrogencylinderfillingmodelCHARM Cost-effectiveHigh-efficiencyAdvanced
ReformingModuleCHEX ContinuouscatalyticheatexchangerCHHP Combinedheat,hydrogen,andpowerChl ChlorophyllCHMC1 TestMethodforEvaluatingMaterial
CompatibilityforCompressedHydrogenApplications–PhaseI-Metals
CHP CombinedheatandpowerCHPFC CombinedheatandpowerfuelcellCHS Chemicalhydrogenstorage
CHSCoE ChemicalHydrogenStorageCenterofExcellence
CI CompressionignitionCIGSe2 CopperindiumgalliumdiselenideCIGS CopperindiumgalliumdiselenideCIRRUS CellIceRegulation&RemovalUponStart-upCl ChlorineCL Catalystlayer;ε-caprolactonecm CentimeterCM Controlsmodulecm2 SquarecentimeterCMO ConductivemetaloxidesCMWNT Carbonmulti-wallednanotubeCN Carbon-nitrogenCNC CarbonnanocageCNF Carbonnano-fiberCNG CompressednaturalgasCNT CarbonnanotubeCo CobaltCO CarbonmonoxideCO2 CarbondioxideCOD ChemicaloxygendemandCOE CostofelectricityCOF Covalent-organicframeworkCOF2 CarbonylfluorideCOGS CostofgoodssoldCOMSOL Multiphysicsmodelingandengineering
simulationsoftwareCOPV CompositeoverwrappedpressurevesselCOS Carbonoxysulfide;CarbonylsulfideCOx Oxidesofcarboncp Specificheatcp CommercialpuritycP CentipoiseCpI Clostridium pasteurianum
[FeFe]-hydrogenaseCPMAS CrosspolarizationmagicanglespinningCPO,CPOX Catalyticpartialoxidationc.p.s. CountspersecondCPU ComputerprocessingunitCPV CompositepressurevesselCr ChromiumCRADA CooperativeResearchandDevelopment
AgreementCs CesiumC&S Codesandstandards
XIV–5
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
DEGDBE DiethyleneglycoldibutyletherDEMS Differentialelectrochemicalmass
spectroscopyΔBa Thedifferenceinmagneticinductionathigh
andlowappliedmagneticfieldsΔG GibbsfreeenergyofreactionΔH Enthalpyofreaction;Enthalpyof
hydrogenation∆H°f StandardheatofformationΔK Stressintensityfactor∆P Pressuredrop;PressurechangeDFM DesignformanufacturingDFMA® DesignforManufacturingandAssemblyDFT DensityfunctionaltheoryDGDE Di-ethyleneglycoldi-butyletherDHBC 2,5-dihydroxybenzenedicarboxylateDI Deionized;De-ionizedwaterDLC DiamondlikecarbondL/g DeciliterspergramDM DiffusionmediaDMA DynamicmechanicalanalysisDMA DimethylacetamideDMAc DimethylacetamideDMC DiffusionMonteCarlo;Directmanufactured
costDMDF 2,5-dimethoxy2,5-dihydrofuranDMDS DimethyldisulfideDME Dimethylether;DimethoxyethaneDMEA DimethlethylamineDMEAA DimethlethylaminealaneDMF n,n-di-methylformamideDMFC DirectmethanolfuelcelldmimMeSO4 1,3-dimethyl-imidazoliummethylsulfatedmpe DimethylphosphinoethaneDMPO 5,5-Dimethylpyrroline-N-oxideDMSO DimethylslfoxideDMT DimethyltritylDMTHF DimethyltetrahydrofuranDNA DeoxyribonucleicacidDNG DesulfurizednaturalgasDNI DirectnormalinsolationDOD DepthofdischargeDOD DepartmentofDefenseDOE DepartmentofEnergyDOT DepartmentofTransportation
CSA CanadianStandardsAssociationCSA CellstackassemblyCSMP CabotSuperiorMicroPowdersCSTT CodesandStandardsTechTeamCSU CaliforniaStateUniversityCSULA CaliforniaStateUniversityLosAngelesCTA ChargetransferagentCTAB CetyltrimethylammoniumbromideCTB CyclotriborazaneCTE CoefficientofthermalexpansionCTTRANSIT ConnecticutTransitCu CopperCU UniversityofColoradoCu2O Cuprousoxidecuin. CubicinchCuNW CoppernanowireCuO Cupricoxide;Copper(II)oxidecu.yd. Cubicyard(s)CV Cyclicvoltammatry;CyclicvoltammogramCVD ChemicalvapordepositionCVS ChemicalvaporsynthesisCWRU CaseWesternReserveUniversityCY CalendaryearCZO Ceria-zirconiad Day(s)D2 DeuteriumD-A Dubinin-AstakhovDAC DiamondanvilcellDADB Diammoniateofdiborane,[(NH3)2BH2][BH4]DAKOTA DesignAnalysisKitforOptimizationand
TerascaleApplicationsDB Diborane(B2H6)dB(A) Decibel(s)AscaleDBBPDSA 4,4’-dibromobiphenyl3,3’-dislufonicacid,
monomerDBPDSA 1,4-dibromophenylene2,5-disulfonicacidDC DirectcurrentDCTDD 1,8-diazacyclotetradecane-2,7-dioneDDMEFC DirectdimethyletherfuelcellDDP DetailedDataProductdDR Dubini-Radushkevichaveragemicropore
diameterDDR AzeolitestructurecodeDEF DiethylformamideDeg Degree
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–6
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
EDX EnergydispersiveX-rayEELS ElectronenergylossspectroscopyEERE U.S.DOEOfficeofEnergyEfficiencyand
RenewableEnergyEFR-AHJ Emergencyfirstresponder-authoritieshaving
jurisdictionEFTE Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylenee.g. Exempli gratia:forexampleEGR ExhaustgasrecirculationEHC ElectrochemicalhydrogencompressorEHS EnvironmentalHealthandSafetyEIA EnergyInformationAdministrationofthe
U.S.DepartmentofEnergyEIGAIGC EuropeanIndustrialGasesAssociation/
IndustrialGasesCouncilEIHP EuropeanIntegratedHydrogenProjectEIS ElectrochemicalimpedancespectroscopyEISF ElasticincoherentstructurefactorELAT® RegisteredTrademarkofDeNoraNorth
America,Inc.,coversGDLsandGDEsEMA EffectivemediumapproximationEMF ElectromagneticfieldEMI ElectromagneticinterferenceEMPA ElectronmicroprobeanalysisENG ExpandednaturalgraphiteeNMR ElectrochemicalnuclearmagneticresonanceEODC Electro-osmoticdragcoefficientEOL EndoflifeEOT EndoftestEPA EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyEPDM EthylenepropylenedienemonomerEPHC EthylperhydrocarbazoleePTFE ExpandedpolytetrafluoroethyleneER EmergencyresponderERW ElectricresistanceweldES EnergystorageESA ElectrochemicalsurfaceareaESEM Environmentalscanningelectronmicroscopeetal. Et Alii:andothersETA Eventtreeanalysisetc. Et cetera:andsoonE-TEK DivisionofDeNoraNorthAmerica,Inc.ETFE Ethylene-tetrafluoroethyleneETFECS ExtendedthinfilmelectrocatalyststructuresEtOH EthanolEU EuropeanUnion
DP DewpointDRIFTs DiffusereflectanceinfraredFouriertransform
spectroscopyDSC Differentialscanningcalorimetry;Dynamic
scanningcalorimetryDSMTM DimensionallystablemembraneDSM-MC DistancescalingmethodMonteCarloDVBPC DivinylarylethermonomerDVD DigitalvideodiskDVMT Dailyvehiclemilestravelede- ElectronE Activationenergy,kJ/molE85 85%-15%blendofethanolwithgasolineE0xE1 Utilizationefficiencyofincidentsolarlight
energyE1/2 Half-wavepotentialEa ActivationenergyEad HydrogenadsorptionheatEAN EthylammoniumnitrateEASA ElectrochemicallyactivesurfaceareaE-BOP ElectricalbalanceofplantEBSD ElectronbackscatterdiffractionEC EuropeanCommission;Electro-chemicalEC Evaportive-cooled;EfficiencyofconversionEC ElectrochemicalcapacitanceEC EarlycommercialECA ElectrochemicalareaECA EstimatedsurfaceareaECB EthylcyclobutaneECC Electrochemicalcompressor;Engineered
cementitiouscompositeECE EconomicCommissionforEuropeECS EquilibriumcrystalshapeECSA Electrochemicallyactivesurfacearea;
Electrochemicalsurfacearea;Effectivecatalystsurfacearea
ED EthylenediamineEDA Ethylenediamine;Energydecomposition
analysisEDAX ManufacturerofenergydispersiveX-ray
hardwareandsoftwareEDBB EthylenediaminebisboraneEDC EnergydistributioncurveedmimCl 2-ethyl-1,3-dimethyl-imidazoliumethylsulfateEDS EnergydispersiveX-rayspectroscopy;
EnergydispersivespectrumEDTA Ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid
XIV–7
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
FLP FrustratedLewispairFLUENT Computercodeforcomputationalfluid
dynamicsFMEA Failuremodesandeffectsanalysis19FNMR 19FluorinenuclearmagneticresonanceFNR FerredoxinNADP+oxidoreductaseFOM FederatedobjectmodelFOM FigureofmeritFPA Fluoroalkylphosphonicandphosphinicacidsfpi Finsperinchfpm FeetperminuteFPS Bis(4-fluorophenyl)sulfone;Fuelprocessing
systemFRP Fiber-reinforcedcompositepiping;Fiber-
reinforcedpolymer;FullrateproductionFRR FluoridereleaserateF-SPEEK FluorosulfonicacidofpolyetheretherketoneFSW Frictionstirweldingft FeetFT Faulttreeft2 Squarefeetft3 CubicfeetFTA FederalTransitAdministrationFTA FaulttreeanalysisFT-IR,FTIR FouriertransforminfraredFTIR-ATR Fouriertransforminfraredattenuatedtotal
reflectionFTO Fluorine-dopedtinoxideFTP,FTP-75 FederalTestProcedureFW FormulaweightFW FilamentwindingFWHM FullwidthathalfmaximumFY Fiscalyearg Gram;accelerationofgravityG GraphiteGa GalliumGaAs GalliumarsenicGADDS Generalareadiffractionsystemgal GallonGaP GalliumphosphideGB GigabyteGC Gaschromatograph;GeneralcomputationalGC Glassy,orvitreouscarbon;apurecarbonthat
isamorphous(non-crystalline)g/cc GramspercubiccentimeterGCLP Grand-canonicallinearprogramming
eV ElectronvoltEVD ExtremevaluedistributionsEVOH EthylenevinylalcoholEVSE ElectricvehiclesupplyequipmentEW EquivalentweightEXAFS ExtendedX-rayabsorptionfinestructure
analysisF FluorineF Faradayconstant,theamountofelectric
chargeinonemoleofelectrons(96,485.3383coulomb/mole)
F- FluorineionFA FurfylalcoholFANS FilteranalyzerneutronspectroscopyFAT FleetAnalysisToolkit;Factoryacceptance
testFBMR FluidizedbedmembranereactorFC FuelcellFCB FuelcellbusFCC Face-centeredcubic;FuelCellCatalyst;Fluid
catalyticcrackingFCEB FuelcellelectricbusFCEV FuelcellelectricvehicleFCPOWER FuelCellPowerModelFCPP FuelcellpowerplantFCS FuelcellsystemFCSMR Forecourtsteammethanereformer(ing)FCT FuelCellTechnologiesFCTESQA FuelCellTesting,SafetyandQuality
Assurance(aninternationalefforttoharmonizefuelcelltestingprocedures)
FCTT FuelCellTechnicalTeamFCV FuelcellvehicleFd FerredoxinFe IronFE U.S.DOEOfficeofFossilEnergyFe2O3 FerricoxideFEA FiniteelementanalysisFEM FiniteelementmodelFEP Fluorinatedethylenepropylene;Teflon®
FESEM Fieldemissionscanningelectronmicroscopefg-ELAT FinegradientELATFIB FocusedionbeamFISIPE FibrasAcrilicasPortugeseFIT FloridaInstituteofTechnologyFLiNaK LiF-NaF-KFeutecticsalt
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–8
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
GREET2 Greenhousegases,RegulatedEmissionsandEnergyuseinTransportationmodel
GRPE WorkingPartyonPollutionandEnergyg/s GramspersecondGTI GasTechnologyInstituteGTR GlobalTechnicalRegulationsGUI GraphicaluserinterfaceGV GasolinevehicleGW Anapproximationpermittingpractical
calculationofexcitationenergiesinmetals,semi-conductorsandinsulators
GWe,GWe Gigawatt(s)electrich Hour(s)H HydrogenH+ ProtonH- HydrideH2 DiatomichydrogenH2A HydrogenAnalysisprojectsponsoredbyDOEH2BPyDC 2,2’-bipyridine-5,5’-dicarboxylicacidH2cat Catechol,1,2dihydroxybenzeneH2-FCS Stationaryfuelcellsystemdesignsthatco-
producehydrogenH2(hfipbb) 4,4’-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(benzoic
acid)H2-ICE,H2ICEHydrogeninternalcombustionengineH2Lib LibraryofH2componentmodelsinSimulinkH2O WaterH2O2 HydrogenperoxideH2oba 4,4’-oxybis-benzoicacidH2QWG DOEHydrogenQualityWorkingGroupH2S HydrogensulfideH2SO4 SulfuricacidH2V HydrogenvehicleH3BBC 1,3,5-tris(4’-carboxy[1,1’-biphenyl]-4-yl-)
benzeneH3BTB 4,4’,4’’-benzene-1,3,5-triyl-tribenzoicacidH3PO4 PhosphoricacidHAADF High-angleannulardark-fieldHAADF-STEMHighangleannulardarkfieldscanning
transmissionelectronmicroscopyHAMMER HazardousMaterialsManagementand
EmergencyResponseHATCI Hyundai-KIAAmericaTechnicalCenterInc.HAVO HawaiiVolcanoesNationalParkHAZ HeataffectedzoneHAZID HazardIdentificationAnalysis
GCMC GrandCanonicalMonteCarloGCMS Gaschromatograph-massspectroscopyGCNF Graphitizedcarbonnano-fiberGCNT GraphitizedcarbonnanotubesGCtool SoftwarepackagedevelopedatANLfor
analysisoffuelcellsandotherpowersystemsGd GadoliniumGDC Gadolinium-dopedceriaGDE GasdiffusionelectrodeGDL GasdiffusionlayerGDM GasdiffusionmediaGDS GalvanodynamicscanGe GermaniumGES GinerElectrochemicalSystems,LLCGF GlassfiberGFC GasflowchannelGGA GeneralizedgradientapproximationGGE,gge GasolinegallonequivalentGH2 GaseoushydrogenGHG GreenhousegasGHSV GashourlyspacevelocityGIS GeographicinformationsystemGJ Gigajoule(s)g/kW Gram(s)perkilowattGLACD Glancingangleco-depositionGLAD GlancingangledepositionGLS Gas-liquidseparatorGLY GlycerolGlyme Dimethoxyethanegm Gram(s)GM GeneralMotorsgm/day Gram(s)perdayg/min Gram(s)perminuteGNF GraphitenanofiberGO GrapheneoxideGODC GrapheneoxidederivedcarbonGOF Graphene-oxideframeworkGPa Gigapascal(s)GPC GelpermeationchromatographyGPS GlobalpositioningsystemGPU GaspermeationunitsGRC Glass-reinforcedconcreteGREC Graphitereinforcedepoxycomposite(IM6
continuouslywound)
XIV–9
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
HGM HydrogenGenerationModuleHGMs HollowglassmicrospheresHGV HydrogengaseousvehicleHHV HigherheatingvalueHI Hydrogeniodide,hydriodicacidHIA Hydrogen-inducedamorphization;Hydrogen
ImplementingAgreementHIAD HydrogenIncidentsandAccidentsDatabaseHIB High-impedancebufferHIC Hydrogen-inducedcrackingHICE HydrogeninternalcombuationengineHiPCO,HiPCoHigh-pressurecarbonmonoxideHIPOC HydrogenIndustryPanelonCodesHIx Blendofhydrogeniodide,iodine,andwaterHKUST 1Cu3(1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate)2
HLA HighlevelarchitectureHMC HyundaiMotorCompanyHNEI HawaiiNaturalEnergyInstituteHNO3 NitricacidHOMO HighestoccupiedmolecularorbitalHOPG Highly-orderedpyrolyticgraphiteHOR Hydrogenoxidationreactionhp HorsepowerHP HighpressureHPA HeteropolyacidHPC HighlyporouscarbonHPIT Hydrogen-poweredindustrialtruckHPLC HighperformanceliquidchromatographyHPPH 1,6-di(4-hydroxyl)phenylperfluorohexaneHPPS N,N-diisopropylethylammonium2,2-bis(p-
hydroxyphenyl)pentafluoropropanesulfonateHPRD HydrogenpressurereliefdeviceHQS100 Hydroquinonesulfonehr Hour(s)HRA HomerefuelingapplianceHRS HydrogenrefuelingstationsHRT HydraulicretentiontimeHRTEM High-resolutiontransmissionelectron
microscopyHRS HydrogenrefuelingstationsHR-STEM Highresolutionscanningtransmission
electronmicroscopyHRXRT High-resolutionX-raytomographyHS HydrogensorptionHSAC Highsurfaceareacarbon
HAZOP HazardsandOperationalSafetyAnalysis;Hazardsandoperabilityanalysis
HB HydrazineboraneHBr HydrogenbromideHBTU o-Benzotriazol-1-yl-N,N,N’,N’-
tetramethyluroniumhexafluorophosphateHC HighconcentrationHCC HybridcathodecatalystHCl,HCL Hydrochloricacid;HydrogenchlorideHClO4 PerchloricacidHCN HydrogencoordinationnumberHCNG Hydrogen-compressednaturalgasHCO3
- Bicarbonatehcp Hexagonalclose-packingHC&S HawaiianCommercialandSugarCompanyHD DeuteriumhydrideHDF HydrogendispensingfacilityHDPE High-densitypolyethyleneHDS HydrogendesulfurizationHDSAM HydrogenDeliveryScenarioAnalysisModelHe HeliumHE HydrogenembrittlementHEMA 2-hydroxylethylmethacrylateHEN HeatexchangenetworkHEPA HighefficiencyparticulateairfilterHER HydrogenevolutionreactionHES HydrogenenergystationHEV HybridelectricvehicleHEX HeatexchangerHf HafniumHF HydrogenFuelerHF Hydrofluorhydricacid;Hydrogenfluoride;
HartreeFockHFB HexafluorobenzeneHFC HydrogenfuelcellHFCTF HawaiiFuelCellTestFacilityHFCV HydrogenfuelcellvehicleHFI HydrogenFuelInitiativeHFP HexafluoropropyleneHFP 1,1,1,3,3,3hexafluoro-2-propanolHFR High-frequencyresistanceHFS HydrogenfuelingstationHFSS High-fluxsolarsimulatorHFV Hydrogen-fueledvehicleHGEF HawaiiGatewayEnergyCenter
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–10
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
HyTRANS DOE’smarketsimulationmodelforthetransitiontohydrogenvehicles
Hz HertzHZM Hotzonemodulei Currentdensity(mA/cm2)I CurrentI2 DiatomiciodineIBAD IonbeamassisteddepositionIBS IonbeamsputteringIC InternalcombustionICC InternationalCodeCouncilICE InternalcombustionengineICEV InternalcombustionenginevehicleICMS IntegratedceramicmembranesystemICP InductivelycoupledplasmaICPAE InductivelycoupledplasmaatomicemissionICP-AES Inductivelycoupledplasmaatomicemission
spectroscopyICP-MS Inductivelycoupledplasmamass
spectrometryICP-OES Inductivelycoupledplasmaopticalemission
spectroscopyICR InterfacialcontactresistanceID Insidediameteri.e. id est:thatisIE IntelligentEnergyIEA InternationalEnergyAgencyIEA-HIA InternationalEnergyAgencyHydrogen
ImplementingAgreementIEC InternationalElectrotechnicalCommissionIEC Ionexchangecapacity,milliequivalentsof
acidgroupspergramofmaterialIECV IntegratedendcapvesselIEEE InstituteofElectricalandElectronics
Engineers,Inc.IFC InternationalFireCodeIGBT Insolated-gatebipolartransistorIGCC IntegratedgasificationcombinedcycleIGCC-CMR Integratedgasificationcombinedcycle-
catalyticmembranereactorIGCC-MR Integratedgasificationcombinedcycle-
membranereactorIGCC-PBR Integratedgasificationcombinedcycle-
paladium-basedreactorIGT InstituteofGasTechnologyIINS InelasticincoherentneutronscatteringIIT IllinoisInstituteofTechnology
HSC Databasenamederivedfromthelettersforenthalpy,entropyandheatcapacity
HSCC HydrogenStationCostCalculatorHSCoE HydrogenSorptionCenterofExcellenceHSDC HydrogenSecureDataCenterHSE HighsurfaceareaelectrodeHSECoE HydrogenStorageEngineeringCenterof
ExcellenceHSMCoE HydrogenStorageMaterialCenterof
ExcellenceHSO4 BisulfateanionHSP HydrogensafetyplanHSRP HydrogenSafetyReviewPanelHSSIM HydrogenStorageSIMulatorHSU HydrogenseparationunitHT HightemperatureHTAC HydrogenandFuelCellTechnicalAdvisory
CommitteeHTFC High-temperaturefuelcellHTFSA TrifluomethylsulfonicacidHTGR High-temperaturegas-cooledreactorHTHX High-temperatureheatexchangerHTM High-temperaturemembraneHTM HydrogentransportmembraneHTMWG HighTemperatureMembraneWorkingGroupHTPEM High-temperaturepolymerelectrolyte
membraneHTWGS High-temperaturewater-gasshiftHTXRD High-temperatureX-raydiffractionHVAC Heating,ventilationandcoolingHWCVD Hot-wirechemicalvapordepositionHWD HotwiredepositionHWFET HighwayFuelEconomyTestHX HeatexchangerHyARC HydrogenAnalysisResourceCenterHydrofillTM GTIhydrogendispenserfillingcontrol
algorithmHyDRA HydrogenDemandandResourceAnalysisHyPro,HYPRO
AnalysistoolHyQRA HydrogenquantitativeriskassessmentHyS HybridsulfurHYSYS® ProcesssimulationsoftwarebyAspentech,
computercodeforflowsheetanalysisHyTEC HydrogenTechnologyandEnergy
CurriculumHyTEx HydrogenTechnicalExperimental(database)
XIV–11
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
JHQTF JointHydrogenQualityTaskForce(U.S.FuelCellCouncil)
JM JohnsonMattheyJMFC Johnson-MattheyFuelCells,Inc.JNAIST JapaneseNationalInstituteofAdvanced
IndustrialScienceandTechnologyJOBSFC JOBSandeconomicimpactsofFuelCellsJPL JetPropulsionLaboratoryJRC JointResearchCentreJ-V Currentdensity-voltageK Sievert’sconstant,ml/[cm2-min-atm½]K Kelvin,absolutetemperatureK PotassiumkÅ 1000angstromsKAERI KoreaAtomicEnergyResearchInstituteKAIST KoreaAdvancedInstituteofScienceand
TechnologykA/m2 Kilo-ampere(s)persquaremeterkb Kilo-basepair,aunitofmeasurementusedin
geneticsequalto1,000nucleotidesKBr Potassiumbromidekcal Kilocalorie(s)kcal/mol Kilocalorie(s)permoleKeV Kiloelectronvolt(s)kg Kilogram(s)kg/d Kilogram(s)perdaykg/hr Kilogram(s)perhourkg/m3 Kilogram(s)percubicmeterKH PotassiumhydrideKHTC HydrotalcitesKHTC Potassium-promotedhydrotalcitekHz KilohertzKIA KiaMotorCompanyKIC KeyindustrialcollaboratorsKIH FracturetoughnessmeasuredinhydrogengaskJ Kilojoule(s)KJIC FracturetoughnesskJ/mol Kilojoule(s)permolekm Kilometer(s)KMC KineticMonteCarlo;KilaueaMilitaryCamp;
KiaMotorsCorporationKOH PotassiumhydroxidekPa Kilopascal(s)kph Kilometer(s)perhourksi 1,000pound-forcepersquareinch
IL IonicliquidIn IndiumIn.,in Inchin2 SquareinchINER InstituteofNuclearEnergyResearchINERI InternationalNuclearEnergyResearch
InitiativeInP IndiumphosphorusINS InelasticneutronscatteringI-O Input-outputIOS IntelligentOpticalSystems,Inc.IP InductionperiodIP IntellectualpropertyIPA IsopthalateIPA IsopropylalcoholIPCC IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangeIPCE Incidentphotonconversiontoelectrons;
IncidentphotonconversionefficiencyIPE IntegratedphotovoltaicelectrolysisIPES InversephotoemissionspectroscopyIPHE InternationalPartnershipfortheHydrogen
EconomyIPNS IntensePulseNeutronScatteringFacilityat
ArgonneNationalLaboratoryIQE InternalquantumefficiencyIR InfrarediR InternalresistanceIr IridiumIRMOF IsoreticularmetalorganicframeworkIrOx IridiumoxideIRR InternalrateofreturnIRRAS Infraredreflection-absorptionspectroscopyISIS World’sleadingpulsedneutronandmuon
sourcelocatedattheUKRutherfordAppletonLaboratorynearOxford.
ISO InternationalOrganizationforStandardization
ISOTC197 InternationalStandardsOrganizationTechnicalCommittee
ISS IonscatteringspectroscopyITM IontransportmembraneITO IndiumtinoxideITP IndiumtinphosphateIV Current-voltageJ CurrentJ Joule(s)
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–12
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
LHC Light-harvestingchlorophyllLHS LawrenceHallofScienceLHSV Liquidhourlyspacevelocity,h-1
LHV LowerheatingvalueLi LithiumLi3N LithiumnitrideLi-AB Lithiumamidoborane,Li-NH2-BH3
LiBH4 LithiumborohydrideLIBS Laser-inducedbreakdownspectroscopyLiH LithiumhydrideLLC LimitedLiabilityCompanyLLC LessonsLearnedCornerLLNL LawrenceLivermoreNationalLaboratoryL/min,l/min Liter(s)perminuteLMWO Lanthanummolybdenumtungstenoxide(e.g.,
La2Mo1.8W0.2O9-x)LN2 LiquidnitrogenLNG LiquefiednaturalgasLOC LiquidorganiccarrierLOHC LiquidorganichydrogencarrierLP LatticeparameterLPG LiquefiedpetroleumgasLPM LitersperminuteLPR Liquid-phasereformingLQ* DehydrogenatedliquidcarrierLQ*H2 HydrogenatedliquidcarrierLRIP LowrateinitialproductionLRS LaserramanspectroscopyLS LargerStationsLSAC LowsurfaceareacarbonLSC Lanthanumstrontiumcobaltoxide,(La,Sr)
CoO3,strontium-dopedlanthanumcobaltite,La0.8Sr0.2CoO3+δ
LSCF Lanthanumstrontiumcobaltironoxide,(La,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3
LSCF7328 La-Sr-Cu-Fe-OLSCM Lanthanumstrontiumchromiummanganese
oxide,(La,Sr)(Cr,Mn)O3
LSCr Lanthanumstrontiumchromiumoxide,(La,Sr)CrO3
LSM LanthanumstrontiummanganeseLSMO Lanthanumstrontiummanganeseoxide,
(La,Sr)MnO3,strontium-dopedlanthanummanganite,La0.8Sr0.2MnO3+δ
LST Lanthanumstrontiumtitaniumoxide,(La,Sr)TiO3
kT/y Kiloton(s)peryearKth,Kth FracturetoughnessthresholdKTH Hydrogen-assistedcrackgrowththresholdkVA Kilovolt-amp(unitsofapparentpower)kW Kilowatt(s)kWe,kWe Kilowatt(s)electrickWh Kilowatt-hour(s)kWh/kg Kilowatt-hour(s)perkilogramkWh/L Kilowatt-hour(s)perliterkW/kg Kilowatt(s)perkilogramkWt Kilowatt(s)thermalL,l Liter(s)La LanthanumLAGP LithiumaluminumgermaniumphosphateLAH Lithiumaluminumhydride(LiAlH4)λ Lambda,hydrationnumberLAMH LithiumamideandmagnesiumhydrideLAMOX Lanthanummolybdenumoxide(e.g.,
La2Mo2O9)LANL LosAlamosNationalLaboratoryLAO Lanthanum-modifiedaluminaLAS Largeaperturescatterometrylb Pound(s)LBM LatticeBoltzmannmethodlbmol Pound-mole(s)LBNL LawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratoryLC Liquidcarrier;LowconcentrationLCA Lifecycleassessment;Life-cycleanalysisLCC LifecyclecostLCC La0.7Ca0.3CrO3-δ
LCH2 Hydrogenatedliquidcarrier;Compressedhydrogenproducedfromliquidhydrogen
LCHPP LowCostHydrogenProductionPlatform(DOEProgramTitle)
LCMS Liquidchromatography-massspectroscopyLCOE LevelizedcostofelectricityL/D LengthtodiameterratioLDV Light-dutyvehicleLED LightemittingdiodeLEED Low-energyelectrondiffractionLEL LowerexplosionlimitLFG LandfillgasLFL LowerflammabilitylimitL/h,l/h Liter(s)perhourLH2,LH2 Liquidhydrogen
XIV–13
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
MBMS MolecularbeammassspectrometryM-BOP MechanicalbalanceofplantMBRC MilesbetweenroadcallMBWR ModifiedBenedictWebbRubinMC MonteCarloMC MethylcellulosemC2 Multi-componentcomposite(membrane)MCB MarineCorpsBasemC-cm-2 MilliCouloumb(s)persquarecentimeterMCEL MilleniumCell,Inc.MCFC MoltencarbonatefuelcellmCHP Micro-combinedheatandpowerμc-Si MicrocrystallinesiliconMDES Methyl-diethoxysilanemdip 5,5′-methylene-di-isophthalateMEA MembraneelectrodeassemblyMeAB MethylamineboraneMEAM ModifiedembeddedatommethodMEC Microbialelectrolysiscell;Minimum
explosiveconcentrationMeCN AcetonitrileMEIC Mixedelectronicandionicconducting
(membranes)MEMS Micro-electro-mechanicalsystemsMeOH Methanolmeq Milliequivalentsmeq/g Milliequivalents/gramMeV Megaelectronvoltmf MassfractionMg Megagram(s)µg Microgram(s)mg Milligram(s)MgCl2 Magnesiumchloridemg/cm2 Milligram(s)persquarecentimeterMgH2 MagnesiumhydrideMgH2@C MgH2incorporatedincarbonscaffoldMgO MagnesiumoxideMg(OH)2 MagnesiumhydroxidemgPt/cm2 Milligram(s)ofplatinumpersquare
centimeterMH,M-H MetalhydrideMHC Metalhydride-basedcompressorMHCoE MetalHydrideCenterofExcellenceMHE MaterialhandlingequipmentMHz Megahertz
LSV Lanthanumstrontiumvanadate;Linearsweepvoltammetry
LT Low-temperatureLTDMS Laserinducedthermaldesorptionmass
spectrometryLUMO Lowestunoccupiedmolecularorbitalm Meter(s)M Mole,molarM Millionm2 Squaremeter(s)m2/g Squaremeter(s)pergramm2/s Squaremeter(s)persecondm3 Cubicmeter(s)M31 Arkema’sfirst-generationmembrane
candidateM41 Arkema’ssecond-generationmembrane
candidateM43 Arkema’sthird-generationmembrane
candidateM51,M52,M53
Arkema’smembanesincorporatingphosphonicacid
M70 Arkema’sfourth-generationmembranecandidate
MA Massactivity;methylacrylateMA3T MarketAcceptanceofAdvancedAutomotive
TechnologiesµA Microampere(s)mA MilliAmps(s)MA MassactivityM-AB Metalammonia-boraneMAB,M-AB MetalamidoboranesµA/cm2 Microampere(s)persquarecentimetermA/cm2 Milliamp(s)persquarecentimeterMARKAL MarketAllocationModel-Ageneric,multi-
sectorenergymodeldevelopedbytheEnergyTechnologySystemsAnalysisProgramoftheInternationalEnergyAgency
MAS MagicanglespinningMAS11B-NMR
Magicanglespinningboron-11nuclearmagneticresonancespectroscopy
MAS-NMR Magicanglespinningnuclearmagneticresonance
MATI ModularAdsorptionTankInsertMAWP MaximumallowableworkingpressureMB MegabyteMBE Molecularbeamepitaxy
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–14
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
MPHI MethylperhydroindoleMPL MicroporouslayerMPMC MassivelyParallelMonteCarlompy MilsperyearMQMAS MultiplequantummagicanglespinningMR MembranereactorMRCAT MaterialsResearchCollaborativeAccess
TeamMREC Microbialreverse-electrodialysiselectrolysis
cellMRI MagneticresonanceimagingMRL Manufacturingreadinesslevelms Millisecond(s)MS Massspectroscopy;Massspectrometry;More
StationsMSAC Mid-rangecarbonsupport;Mediumsurface
areacarbonmS/cm Milli-Siemen(s)percentimeterMS-H2 HydrogenmassspectrometryMSM Macro-SystemModelMSR MembranesteamreformerMSRI MaterialsandSystemsResearch,Inc.MTA Metrictonneperannum;MassTransportation
AgencyMTBF MeantimebetweenfailureMTBR MeantimebetweenrepairsM/TC Metal-dopedtemplatedcarbonM-TCPP M=Fe,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,H2,tetrakis(4-
carboxyphenyl)porphyrinmtorr MillitorrµV Microvolt(s)mV Millivolt(s)MV MethylviologenmW Milliwatt(s)MW Megawatt(s)MW MolecularweightmW/cm2 Milliwatt(s)persquarecentimeterMWCNT Multiple-wallcarbonnanotubeMWe Megawatt(s)electricMWh Megawatt-hour(s)MWNT Multi-wallcarbonnanotubeMWOE MidwestOptoelectronics,LLCMWth Megawatt(s)thermalMYPP Multi-YearProgramPlan(theFuelCell
TechnologiesProgram’sMulti-YearResearch,DevelopmentandDemonstrationPlan)
mi Mile(s)μCHP Micro-combinedheatandpowerµCHX Microscalecombustor/heatexchangerMIE MinimumignitionenergyMIEC Mixedionicandelectronicconductionmi/kg Mile(s)perkilogrammil Millimeter(s)min Minute(s)MIT MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyMiTi® MohawkInnovativeTechnologiesInc.MJ Megajoule(s)mL,ml Milliliter(s)ML MonolayerµCHP Micro-combinedheatandpowerµm Micrometer(s);micron(s)µM MicromolarmM Millimolarmm Millimeter(s)MMBtu MillionBritishthermalunitsMM-FSW Multi-pass,multi-layerfrictionstirweldingMMOF Microporousmetal-organicframeworkmmol Millimole(s)µmol Micromole(s)MMSCFD Millionstandardcubicfeet/dayMMT MillionmetrictonnesMn ManganeseMn2O3 ManganeseoxideM-N-H Amide/imideMnO ManganeseoxidemΩ Milli-ohm(s)MΩ Mega-ohm(s)mΩ/cm2 Milli-ohm(s)persquarecentimeterµΩ-cm2 Micro-ohm(s)-squarecentimeterMo MolybdenumMO Molecularorbital;metaloxideMOF Metal-organicframeworkmol Mole(s)mol% Molepercentmol/min Mole(s)perminuteMoPc MolybdenumphthalocyanineMOR MethanoloxidationreactionMPa Megapascal(s)MPG,mpg Mile(s)pergallonMPGGE Milespergasolinegallonequivalentmph Mile(s)perhour
XIV–15
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
NEED NationalEnergyEducationDevelopmentProject
NEF N-ethylformamideNEMS NationalEnergyModelingSystemNEPA NationalEnvironmentalPolicyActNETL NationalEnergyTechnologyLaboratoryNEU NortheasternUniversityNEXAFS NearedgeX-rayabsorptionfinestructureNFCBP NationalFuelCellBusProgramNFCRC NationalFuelCellResearchCenterNFM NanoporousframeworkmaterialNfn-Pt/C Nafion®-loadedPt/CNFPA NationalFireProtectionAssociationng NanogramNG NaturalgasNGCC NaturalgascombinedcycleNGV NaturalgasvehicleNH3 AmmoniaNHA NationalHydrogenAssociationNHE NormalhydrogenelectrodeNHFC4 NationalHydrogenandFuelCellsCodesand
StandardsCoordinatingCommitteeNHI NuclearHydrogenInitiativeNHTSA NationalHighwayTrafficSafety
AdministrationoftheU.S.DepartmentofTransportation
Ni NickelNICC NaturalgasInfrastructureComponentCost
modelNILS NormalinterstitiallatticesitesNiMH NickelmetalhydrideNIR Nearinfra-redNIST NationalInstituteofStandardsand
TechnologyNL Normalliter(s)NLDFT Non-localdensityfunctionaltheorynm Nanometer(s)NM NoblemetalNm3 Normalcubicmeter(s)NMHC Non-methanehydrocarbonsnmol Nanomole(s)NMP N-methylpyrrolidoneNMR NuclearmagneticresonanceNMSU NewMexicoStateUniversityNMT NewMexicoTechNNA Non-NorthAmerican
MYRDD,MYRD&DP Multi-YearResearch,DevelopmentandDemonstrationPlan
N Normal(e.g.,1NH3PO4is1normalsolutionofphosphoricacid)
N NitrogenatomN Newton(unitofforce)N112 Nafion1100equivalentweight,2millimeter
thickmembraneN2 DiatomicnitrogenN2O NitrousoxideNa SodiumNA NorthAmericanNa2S SodiumsulfideNa3AlH6 TrisodiumhexahydroaluminateNaAlH4 Sodiumaluminumhydride;Sodium
tetrahydroaluminate;SodiumalanateNaBH4 SodiumborohydrideNaBO2 SodiummetaborateNACE NationalAssociationofCorrosionEngineersNaCl SodiumchlorideNACS NorthAmericanCatalysisSocietyNADH (reduced)NicotinamideadeninedinucleotideNADP NicotinamideadeninedinucleotidephosphateNADPH Nicotinamideadenininedinucleotide
phosphateNafion® RegisteredTrademarkofE.I.DuPontde
NemoursNaH SodiumhydrideNANG NorthAmericannaturalgasNaOH SodiumhydroxideNAS NationalAcademyofSciencesNASA NationalAeronauticsandSpace
AdministrationNb NiobiumN/cm2 Newton(s)persquarecentimeterNcc NormalcubiccentimetersNCNR NISTCenterforNeutronResearchND NotdeterminedatthistimeNDC Newdeliveryconcept,Naphthalene-2,6-
dicarboxylatenDDB N-dodecylbenzeneNDE Non-destructiveexaminationNE U.S.DOEOfficeofNuclearEnergy,Science
andTechnologyNEB NudgedelasticbandNEC NationalElectricalCode
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–16
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
OCP OpencircuitpotentialOCSD OrangeCountySanitationDistrictOCV Open-circuitvoltageo.d.,OD OuterdiameterODA OxygenatedformofdiamineODE OrdinarydifferentialequationOEC OxygenevolvingcomplexOEM OriginalequipmentmanufacturerOER OxygenevolutionreactionOGMC OrderedgraphiticmesoporouscarbonOH- HydroxylradicalO&M OperationandmaintenanceOMC OrderedmesoporouscarbonONR OfficeofNavalResearchORNL OakRidgeNationalLaboratoryORNL-HTML
OakRidgeNationalLaboratoryHighTemperatureMaterialsLaboratory
ORR OxygenreductionreactionOSC OxygenstoragecapabilityOSHA OccupationalSafetyandHealth
AdministrationOSM Opticalscatterfieldmicroscopyo-SWNH Oxidizedsingle-wallednanohornOSU OhioStateUniversityOSU OregonStateUniversity(Microproducts
BreakthroughInstitute)OTM OxygentransportmembraneP PhosphorusP PressurePa Pascal(s)PA Phenylacetylene;PolyamidePAA Poly(acrylicacid)PADD PetroleumAdministrationforDefense
DistrictPAES Poly(arylene-ether-sulfone)PAFC PhosphoricacidfuelcellPAN Peroxyacetylnitrate;PolyacrylonitrilePANI PolyanilinePAN-MA PolyacrylonitrilewithmethylacrylatePAN-VA PolyacrylonitrilewithvinylacetatePA/PBI Phosphoric-acid-dopedpolybenzimidazolePAR Photosynthetically-activeradiationPAS Photoactivesemiconductor;PhotoacousticPb LeadPB Polyborazylene
NNANG Non-NorthAmericannaturalgasNNIF NISTneutronimagingfacilityNNSA NationalNuclearSecurityAdministrationNMOC Non-methaneorganiccarbonsNO2 NitricoxideNOx,NOx OxidesofnitrogenNOA NorlandOpticalAdhesivenOB N-octylbenzeneNP NanoparticleNPB NeopentylbenzeneNPC Nanoporouscarbon;NormalizedphotocurrentNPGM Non-preciousmetalgroupNPMC Non-preciousmetalcatalystNPD NeutronpowderdiffractionNPDF NeutronpowderdiffractionNPM NanostructuredpolymericmaterialsNPM Non-preciousmetalNPPD n-phenyl-phenylenediamineNPS NationalParkServiceNPT NormalpressureandtemperatureNPV NetpresentvalueNR NanorodNR3 TertiaryamineNRC NationalResearchCouncilNREL NationalRenewableEnergyLaboratoryNRELFAT NRELFleetAnalysisToolkitNSF NationalScienceFoundationNSTF Nano-structuredthin-filmNSTFC Nano-structuredthinfilmcatalystNT NanotubeNTCNA NissanTechnicalCenter,NorthAmericaNTE Negativethermal-expansionNV NeutronvibrationalNVS NeutronvibrationalspectroscopyNWM “NaturalWaterManagement”,UTCPower’s
systemandcellstackdesignwhichutilizesevaprotativecoolinginthecellstackassembly
NYSERDA NewYorkStateEnergyResearchandDevelopmentAuthority
NZVI NanozerovalentironΩ Ohm(s)Ωcm2 Ohm(s)-squarecentimeterO OxygenO2 DiatomicoxygenO/C Oxygen-to-carbonratio
XIV–17
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
PEGS PrototypeelectrostaticgroundstatePEI Polyetherimide;PolyethyleneiminePEKK Poly(etherketoneketone)PEM Protonexchangemembrane;Polymer
electrolytemembranePEMFC PolymerelectrolytemembranefuelcellPEMFC ProtonexchangemembranefuelcellPEN PolyethylenenaphthalatePEO Poly(ethyleneoxide)PES PolyethersulfonePES ProtonEnergySystems,Inc.PES PolyethersulfonePET PolyethyleneteraphthalatePetF1 SynechocystishostferredoxinPEV Plug-inelectrucvehiclePF PhenolicPFA Perfluoroalkoxy(atypeoffluoropolymer)PFA PolyfurfurylalcoholPFAC PFA-derivedcarbonPFAE PerfluoroalkyletherPFC PolymerelectrolytemembranefuelcellPFCS Poly-generativefuelcellsystemsPFD ProcessflowdiagramPFGB PerfluorinatedguanidinebasePFG-NMR Pulsefieldgradientnuclearmagnetic
resonancePFGSE PulsefieldgradientspinechoPFGSENMR Pulsedfieldgradientspinechonuclear
magneticresonancePFIA PerfluoroimideacidPFPO PerfluorinatedpropyleneoxidePFPO-PSS Poly(perfluoropropyleneoxide)-b-
poly(styrenesulfonate)PFSA Perfluorinatedsulfonicacid,perfluorosulfonic
acid,poly(fluorosulfonicacid)PFSI PerfluorosulfonateionomerPFSHQ 2-(5-fluorosulfonyl-3-oxaoctafluoropentyl)-
1,4-dihydroxy-benzenePG PropyleneglycolPGAA Prompt-gammaactivationanalysisPGE PlatinumgroupelementPGM Preciousgroupmetal;Platinum-groupmetalPGSE Pulsed-fieldgradientspin-echoPGV PunaGeothermalVenturespH Powerofthehydroniumionp-H2 Para-hydrogen
PBI PolybenzimidazolePBPDSA poly(biphenylenedisulfonicacid)P-C Pressure-compositionPC PolycarbonatePCA PyrenecarboxylicacidPCE PerchloroethylenePCF PolycarbonatefilmPCHD Poly(cyclohexadiene)PCI Pressure-compositionisothermPCL PolycaprolactonePCM PowercontrolmodulePCN PorouscoordinationnetworkP-C-P Phosphorus-carbon-phosphorusPCR PolymerasechainreactionPCS PowerconditioningsystemPCT,P-C-T Pressure-concentration-temperaturePCTFE PolychlorotrifluoroethylenePd PalladiumPDA PhenyldiacetylenePdAg Palladium-silveralloyPd-ACF Pd-modifiedactivatedcarbonfibersPd-CR Palladium-basedchemicalresistorPdCu,Pd-Cu Palladium-copperalloyPdCuTM PalladiumcoppertransitionmetalPDF Probabilitydensityfunction;Pairdistribution
functionPdHg/CF Carbonfoamdopedwithpalladium-mercury
compoundPDI PolydispersityindexPd-MIS Palladium-basedmetal-insulator-
semiconductorPDMS PolydimethylsiloxanePDS PotentiodynamicscanPDU ProcessdevelopmentunitPE Polyelectrolyte;PolyethylenePEC Photoelectrochemical;Photoelectrocatalyst;
PhotoelectrochemicalcellPECH PolyepichlorohydrinPECVD Plasma-enhancedchemicalvapordepositionPED PulsedelectrodepositionPEEK PolyetheretheretherketonePEFC PolymerelectrolytefuelcellPEFC ProtonexchangefuelcellPEG PolyethyleneglycolPEGMEMA Monomethoxypoly(ethyleneglycol)
methacrylate
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–18
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
PPI Pore(s)perinchppm,PPM Part(s)permillionppmv Part(s)permillionbyvolumeppmw Part(s)permillionbyweightPPN PorouspolymernetworkPPO PhenylphosphineoxidePPOR MetalloporphyrinporousorganicpolymerP-POSS Phosphonicacidpolyhedraloligomeric
silsesquioxanePPS PolyphenylenesulfidePPSA Poly(p-phenylenesulfonicacid)PPSA PartialpressureswingadsorptionPPSU PolyphenylsulfonePPy PolypyrrolePr PraseodymiumPR PressureratioPRA ProbabilisticriskassessmentPRD PressurereliefdevicePrOx PreferentialoxidationPRSV Peng-RobinsonStryjek-VeraPS Protonsponge(bis-(dimethyamino)
naphthalene)PS PolysiloxanePSA Pressureswingadsorption,adsorberPSAT PowertrainSystemsAnalysisToolkit,
avehiclesimulationsoftwarepackagedevelopedatArgonneNationalLaboratory
PSD Particlesizedistribution,poresizedistribution
PSEPVE Perfluoro(4-methyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ene)sulfonylfluoride
PSf Poly(aryleneethersulfone)psi,PSI Pound(s)persquareinchPSI PhotosystemIpsia Pound(s)persquareinchabsolutepsid Pound(s)persquareinchdifferentialpsig,PSIG Pound(s)persquareinchgaugePSOFC PlanarsolidoxidefuelcellPSS Porousstainlesssteel;PotentiostaticscanPSU PolysulfonePSU PennsylvaniaStateUniversityPt PlatinumPT PhosphazenetrimerP-T Pressure-temperaturePt3Co Platinum-cobaltalloyPt3Fe Platinum-ironalloy
Ph3SnCl TriphenyltinchloridePh3SnSnPh3 HexaphenyldistannanePHA Processhazardanalysis;Preliminaryhazard
analysisPHEC Perhydro-ethylcarbazolePHEV Plug-inhybridelectricvehiclePHI Perhydro-indolizidinePHIP Para-hydrogeninducedpolarizationPHMI Perhydro-methylindolePhOH PhenolPI PrincipalinvestigatorPI PolyimideP&ID Pipingandinstrumentationdiagram;Process
andinstrumentationdiagramPIL,pIL ProticionicliquidPIM,pIM ProticionicmembranepKa AciddissociationconstantPLC ProgrammablelogiccontrollerPLLA Poly-L-lacticacidPLP preparedLewispairPLRS PlanarlaserRaleighscatterPLS Polymer-layeredsilicatePM PreciousmetalsuchasplatinumPM ParticulatematterPMG Glycidylmethacrylate-typecopolymerPMMA Poly(methylmethacrylate)PND PolymerizednitrogendonorPNNL PacificNorthwestNationalLaboratorypO2 OxygenpartialpressurePOC ProofofconceptPOCOP P,P-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-,3-[[bis(1,1-
dimethylethyl)phosphino]oxy]phenylesterPOF Polymeric-organicframework;Porous
organicframeworkPOM PolyoxometallatePOP PorousorganicpolymersPOSS PolyhedraloligomericsilsesquioxanePOX PartialoxidationPP Polyphosphazene;Polypropylene;
Poly(phenylene)PPA Polyphosphoricacid;Polyphthalamideppb Part(s)perbillionppbv Part(s)perbillionbyvolumePPDSA Poly(p-phenylenedisulfonicacid)PPE PorouspolyethylenePPI PlugPower,Inc.
XIV–19
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
QRA QuantitativeriskassessmentQst IsostericheatsofadsorptionR Universaloridealgasconstant,8.314472J·
K-1·mol-1
RAMAN AspectroscopictechniqueRAS RussianAcademyofSciencesRBS RutherfordbackscatteringRC Resistance-capacitance;ResearchclusterRCD RatedcurrentdensityRCS RegulationscodesandstandardsRct ChargetransferresistanceRCWA RigorouscoupleswaveguideanalysisR&D ResearchanddevelopmentRD&D,R,D&D
Research,development&demonstrationRDE RotatingdiskelectrodeRe RheniumReaxFF Reactiveforcefieldlarge-scalemolecular
dynamiccalculationsREC RenewableenergycreditRED ReverseelectrodialysisREWP RenewableEnergyWorkingPartyRf GenericfluoroalkylgroupRF,rf RadiofrequencyRFC RegenerativefuelcellRFP RequestforproposalsRFT Reactiveflow-throughRGA Residualgasanalyzer(analysis)Rh RhodiumRH RelativehumidityRHE Referencehydrogenelectrode;Reversible
hydrogenelectrodeRHLC Relativehumidity/loadcycletestρa Apparentdensityofactivatedcarbon
2ad.Hñ AdsorbatehydrogendensityinmicroporesRIXS ResonantinelasticX-rayscatteringspectraRMS RootmeansquareRNA RibonucleicacidRNG RenewablenaturalgasROI ReturnoninvestmentROM RoughorderofmagnitudeROMP Ring-openingmetathesispolymerizationROW RightofwayRPC Ruthenium-polypridylcomplexRPI RensselaerPolytechnicInstituterpm Revolution(s)perminute
Pt3Ni Platinum-nickelalloyPTA PhosphotungsticacidPt/AC/BC/IRMOF-8
Isoreticularmetalorganicframework(MOF)dopedwithplatinumsupportedonactivatedcarbon,andfurthercoupledtoMOFwithabridgingcompound
Pt/AX-21 Pt-dopedmicroporouscarbonAX-21Pt/C Platinum/carbonPTC ProductiontaxcreditPTFE Teflon®–poly-tetrafluoroethylenePt-FePO PlatinumironphosphatePTM ProtontransportmembranePtML PlatinummonolayerPt-MM PlatinumgroupmixedmetalPt-NH Platinumdecoratedcarbonnano-hornsPtO PlatinumoxidePtO2 PlatinumdioxidePtRu PlatinumrutheniumPt-SWNH Platinumdecoratedsingle-wallednanohornsPt-TaPO PlatinumtantalumphosphatePTTPP Poly-tetrakis(3,5-dithiophen-2-ylphenyl)-
porphyrinPTW PumptowheelsPV Photovoltaic;PresentvaluePVA PolyvinylalcoholPVC PolyvinylchloridePVD PhysicalvapordepositionPVDC Poly-vinylidenechloridePVDF PolyvinylidenefluoridePVP PolyvinylpyrrolidonePVPP PolyvinylpyridiniumphosphatePVT,P-V-T Pressure-Volume-TemperaturePXRD PowderX-raydiffractionPyC 4-pyrazolecarboxylatePzDC 2,8-pyrazaboledicarboxylateQ NeutronmomentumtransferQ1,Q2,Q3,Q4
QuartersofthefiscalyearQC QualitycontrolQCM QuartzcrystalmicrobalanceQE QuantumefficiencyQENS QuasielasticneutronscatteringQLRA QualitativeriskanalysisQMC QuantumMonteCarloQNS Quasielasticneutronscattering
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–20
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
SD Standarddeviation;SystemdynamicsSDAPP SulfonatedDiels-AlderpolyphenyleneSDAPPe SulfonatedDiels-AlderpolyphenyleneetherSDC Samarium-dopedceriasDCDPS 3,3′-disulfonate-4,4′-dichlorodiphenylsulfoneSDE SO2-depolarizedelectrolyzerSDO StandardsdevelopmentorganizationSe SeleniumSE Secondaryelectron;spectroscopic
ellipsometrysec Second(s)SECA SolidStateEnergyConversionAllianceSECM ScanningelectrochemicalmicroscopeSEM Scanningelectronmicroscopy;Scanning
electronmicroscopeSEOS SimpleequationofstateSERA ScenarioEvaluation,Regionalizationand
AnalysisSERC SchatzEnergyResearchCenterSET SurfaceenergytreatmentSF Safetyfactor;Polystyrene-b-PFPOSF6 SulfurhexafluorideSFA SulfonicacidSFC2 SrFeCo0.5Ox
SFM Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6-δ
SFT Sr-Fe-TioxideSFTI Sr0.1Fe0.9Ti0.10Ox
SG ShalegasSGD Spontaneousgalvanicdisplacement;System
gravimetricdensitySHE StandardhydrogenelectrodeSi SiliconS-I Sulfur-iodineSI Sulfur-iodinecycle;SpectrumimageSi3N4 SiliconnitrideSiC SiliconcarbideSiCN SiliconcarbonitrideSIMS SecondaryionemissionspectroscopySi-NS SilicananospringsSiO2 SilicondioxideSIU SouthernIllinoisUniversitysL Standardliter(0°C,1atm)slpm,slm,sL/min Standardliter(s)perminuteSMART Specific,measurable,attainable,relevant,
timely
RPN RiskprioritynumberRPS RenewableportfoliostandardRPSA RapicpressureswingadsorptionRRDE RotatingringdiscelectrodeRSOFC ReversiblesolidoxidefuelcellRT RoomtemperatureRTIL RoomtemperatureionicliquidRTO Ruthenium-titaniumoxideRu Rutheniums Second(s)S Siemen(s)S Sulfur-S Sulfur-deprivedSA SpecificamperageSA SurfaceareaSA Sulfur-ammoniathermochemicalwater-
splittingcycle;SystemArchitectSAE SAEInternational,originallyknownasthe
SocietyofAutomotiveEngineersSAFC SolidacidfuelcellSAH SodiumaluminumhydrideSAM ScanningAugermicroscopySAMPE SocietyfortheAdvancementofMaterialand
ProcessEngineeringSANS SmallangleneutronscatteringSAS Styrene-acrylonitrile-vinylsulfateSASSP SolventassistedsolidstateprocessingSAXS SmallangleX-rayscatteringSBAB Sec-butylamineboraneSBET BETspecificsurfaceareaSBH SodiumborohydrideSBIR SmallBusinessInnovationResearchSc ScandiumS/C SteamtocarbonratioSCC Stresscorrosioncrackingsccm,SCCM Standardcubiccentimeter(s)perminuteSCE SaturatedcalomelelectrodeSCF,scf Standardcubicfeet;Supercriticalfluidscfd StandardcubicfeetperdaySCFH,scfh StandardcubicfeetperhourSCFM StandardcubicfeetperminuteS/cm Siemen(s)percentimeterSCOF SinglecellwithopenflowfieldSCR Selectivecatalyticreduction;Semi-conductor
rectifierScSZ Scandia-stabilizedzirconia
XIV–21
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
SR Steamreformer;Steamreforming;Salinityratio;Stoichometricratio
SRNL SavannahRiverNationalLaboratorySrO StrontiumoxideSrTiO3 StrontiumtitanateSS StainlesssteelSSA SpecificsurfaceareaSSAWG StorageSystemAnalysisWorkingGroupSSC Shortside-chain;Structure,system,and
componentSSNMR Solid-statenuclearmagneticresonanceSSRL StanfordSynchrotronRadiationLaboratorySSWAG StorageSystemWorkingAnalysisGroupSTEM ScanningtransmissionelectronmicroscopySTEM Science,technology,engineering,and
mathematicsSTH Solar-to-hydrogenSTM ScanningtunnelingmicroscopySTMBMS Simultaneousthermogravimetricmodulated
beammassspectrometerSTP StandardtemperatureandpressureSTS ScanningtunnelingspectroscopySTTP SharedTechnologyTransferProjectSTTR SmallBusinessTechnologyTransferSu UltimatetensilestrengthSU/SD Start-upandshut-downSUNY-ESF StateUniversityNewYorkEnvironmental
ScienceForestrySV SpacevelocitySVD SystemvolumetricdensitySW SqiarewaveSWCNH Single-wallcarbonnanohornSWCNT Single-walledcarbonnanotubeSWNH Single-wallednanohornSWNT Single-wallnanotubeSwRI® SouthwestResearchInstitute®
Sy YieldstrengthSYT Yttrium-dopedstrontiumtitanateT TemperatureT,t Ton,tonneT Tesla(unitofmagneticinduction)t TimeT1bar Temperatureatwhichequilibriumpressure
ofhydrogenis1barforahydrogenexchangereaction
Ta Tantalum
SMR Steammethanereformer;Steammethanereforming
SMR-ECM Steammethanereformerwithelectrochemicalpurifier
SMR-PSA Steammethanereformerwithpressureswingadsorption
SMT Single-moleculetrapSn TinSNG SubstitutenaturalgasSNL SandiaNationalLaboratoriesSNLL SandiaNationalLaboratoryLivermoreSNR Signal-to-noiseratioSNS SpallationneutronsourceSNTT SpiralnotchtorsiontestSLAC StanfordLinearAcceleratorCenterSLPH Standardliter(s)perhourSLPM Standarsliter(s)perminuteSLT Strontium-dopedlanthanumtitanateSnO TinoxideSnO2 TinoxideSO2 SulfurdioxideSO3 SulfurtrioxideSOC State-of-chargeSOEC Solidoxideelectrolysiscell;Solidoxide
electrolyzercellSOFC SolidoxidefuelcellSOFEC Solidoxidefuel-assistedelectrolysiscellSOM Solid-oxideoxygen-ion-conducting
membraneSORFC SolidoxideregenerativefuelcellSOTA StateoftheartSOW StatementofworkSOx OxidesofsulfursPAES Sulfonatedpoly(aryleneethersulfone)SPE SolidphaseepitaxialSPEEK Sulfonatedpoly(etheretherketone)SPEK Sulfonatedpoly-etherketone-ketoneSPEKK Sulfonatedpolyether(etherketoneketone)SPEX TypeofmillingmachineSPM ScanningprobemicroscopesPOSS Sulfonatedoctaphenylpolyhedraloligomeric
silsesquioxanesS-PPSU SulfonatedpolyphenylsulfoneSPS Sparkplasmasinteringsq.in. Squareinch(es)Sr Strontium
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–22
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
tf-Si Thin-filmsiliconTFSI bis(Trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imideTFVE TrifluorovinyletherTg,Tg GlasstransitiontemperatureTG Thermogravimetric;TheoryGroupTGA Thermalgravimetricanalysis;
Thermogravimetricanalysis;Thermogravimetricanalyzer
TGA-DSC Thermo-gravimetricanalysis-differentialscanningcalorimetry
TGA-MS Thermogravimetricanalysis-massspectrometer
TG-DTA Thermo-gravimetric/differentialthermalanalyzer
THF TetrahydrofuranTi TitaniumTiCl3 TitaniumtrichlorideTiF3 TitaniumtrifluorideTiH2 TitaniumhydrideTi-IRMOF-16 Titanium(Ti)intercalatedIRMOF-16TiO2 Titaniumdioxide(anatase)TIVM ToroidalintersectingvanemachineTKK TanakaKikinzokuKogyoK.K.Tla Truncatedlight-harvestingchlorophyll
antennatla1 MutantoftheTla1gene(GenBankAssession
No.AF534570)tlaR Mutantofunknowngenewithatruncated
light-harvestingchlorophyllantennatlaX Mutantofunknowngenewithatruncated
light-harvestingchlorophyllantennaTM TransitionmetalTMA Trimethylamine;TrimethylaluminumTMA ThermalmechanicalanalyzerTMAA TrimethylaminealaneadductTMAB TetramethylammoniumborohydrideTMAH TetramethylammoniumhydroxideTMB TrimethylborateTMEDA Tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine;N1,N1,N2,N2-
tetramethylethane-1,2-diamineTMG TetramethylguanidineTMOS TetramethoxysilaneTMPP TetramethoxyphenylporphyrinsTMPS TrimethoxylphenylsilaneTMPyP TetramethylpyridylporphineTNA TitaniananotubearrayTNT Trinitrotoluene
TA TerephthalicacidTAG TechnicalAdvisoryGroupTAMU TexasA&MUniversityTaON TantalumoxynitrideTaPO TantalumphosphateTBAB Tetra-n-butylammoniumbromideTBA2B12H12 Tetra-n-butylammonium
dodecahydrododecaborateTBABh Tetra-n-butylammoniumborohydrideTBA-PF6 Tetra-n-butylammoniumhexafluorophosphateTBD TobedeterminedTBMD Tight-bindingmoleculardynamicTC TemplatedcarbonTC ThermocoupleTCCR Transparent,conductingandcorrosion
resistantTCD ThermalconductivitydetectorTCNE TetracyanoethyleneTCO TransparentconductiveoxideTDDFT Time-dependentdensityfunctionaltheoryTDLAS TunablediodelaserabsorptionspectroscopyTDS TransitionaldemandscenarioTe Telluriumte Metrictonortonne(1,000kg)TEA TriethylamineTEA2B12H12 TriethylammoniumdodecahydrododecaborateTEAA TriethylaminealaneadductTEAB TetraethylammoniumborohydrideTEAH TetraethylammoniumhydroxideTEAMS tetraethylammoniummethanesulfonicTED Triethylene-diamineTEDA TriethylenediamineTEM TransmissionelectronmicroscopyTEOA TriethanolamineTEOM TaperedelementoscillatingmicrobalanceTEOS Tetra-ethoxysilanetf ThinfilmTf Trifluormethanesufonate,ortriflateanion
(CF3SO3-)TFA TrifluoromethanesulfonicacidTFAc TrifluoroacetateTFE TetrafluoroethyleneTFMPA TrifluoromethylphosphonicacidTFMSA TrifluoromethanesulfonicacidTF-RDE Thinfilmrotatingdiskelectrode
XIV–23
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
um Micrometer(s)UM UniversityofMichiganUMC UnsaturatedmetalcentersUMC UltramicroporouscarbonUMCP UniversityofMarylandCollegeParkUMSL UniversityofMissouri–St.LouisUN UnitedNationsUNB UniversityofNewBrunswickUNCC UniversityofNorthCarolinaatCharlotteUNECE UnitedNationsEconomicCommissionfor
EuropeUNLV UniversityofNevada,LasVegasUNLVRF UNLVResearchFoundationUNM UniversityofNewMexicoUNR UniversityofNevada,RenoUP-DW Ultra-puredistilledwaterUPE Ultra-highmolecularweightpolyethyleneUPL UpperpotentiallimitUPS UltravioletphotoelectronspectroscopyU.S. UnitedStatesUS06 EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyvehicle
drivingcycleUSA UnitedStatesofAmericaUSANS Ultra-smallangleneutronscatteringUSB UniversalserialbusUSC UniversityofSouthCarolinaUSC UniversityofSouthernCaliforniaUSCAR UnitedStatesCouncilforAutomotive
Research,U.S.CooperativeAutomotiveResearch
U.S.DRIVE UnitedStatesDrivingResearchandInnovationforVehicleefficiencyandEnergysustainability
USFCC UnitedStatesFuelCellCouncilUSM UniversityofSouthernMississippiUSTAG U.S.TechnicalAdvisoryGroupUT UniversityofToledoUT UniversityofTennesseeUTC,UTCFC UnitedTechnologiesCorporationFuelCellsUTC UniversityofTennessee,ChattanoogaUTCP UTCPowerUTRC UnitedTechnologiesResearchCenterUV UltravioletUV-vis Ultraviolet-visualUW UniversityofWashingtonV Vanadium
TOC TotalorganiccontentTOF TurnoverfrequencyToF-SIMS Time-of-flightsecondaryionspectroscopyTPA Tripropylamine;Temperature-programmed
adsorptionTPAH Tetra-n-propylammoniumhydroxideTPB TriplephaseboundaryTPD Tonne(s)perdayTPD Thermallyprogrammeddesorption;
Temperature-programmeddesorptionTPDMS Temperature-programmeddesorptionmass
spectrometryTPPS 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)
porphyrinTPO Temperature-programmedoxidationTPP TetraphenylporphyrinTPR Temperature-programmedreductionTPRD Thermally-activatedpressurereliefdeviceTPS 3-(trihydroxysilyl)-1-propane-sulfonicacidTPV ThroughplatevoltageTRA TechnologyReadinessAssessmentTRAIN TrainingFinderRealtimeAffiliateNetworkTRL TechnologyreadinesslevelTRO RuO2-TiO2
Trityl Chemicalblockinggroupusedtoprotectamines
tr.oz. TroyounceTW TriangelwaveUC UniversityofCaliforniaUCB UniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyUCF UniversityofCentralFloridaUCI UniversityofCalifornia,IrvineUCLA UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesUCONN UniversityofConnecticutUCSB UniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbaraUDDS UrbanDynamometerDrivingScheduleUEL UpperexplosivelimitUFL UpperflammabilitylimitUGA UniversityofGeorgia,AthensUH UniversityofHawaiiUHP Ultra-highpurityUHV Ultra-highvacuumUIUC UniversityofIllinois,Urbana-ChampaignUL UnderwritersLaboratoryULAM Ultra-low-anglemicrotomyULSD Ultra-lowsulfurdiesel
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
XIV–24
DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program FY 2012 Annual Progress Report
W/cm2 Watt(s)persquarecentimeterWDD WaterdisplacementdesorptionWe,We Watt(s)electricWG WorkinggroupWG-12 WorkingGroup12WGS Water-gasshiftWGSMR Water-gasshiftmembranereactorWGSR Water-gasshiftreactorWh Watt-hour(s)W(H2) GravimetrichydrogenstoragecapacityW-h/kg Watt-hour(s)perkilogramW-h/L,Wh/liter,Wh/L
Watt-hour(s)perliterWHSV WeighthourlyspacevelocityWind2H2 WindtohydrogendemonstrationprojectW/kg Watt(s)perkilogramW/L,W/l Watt(s)perliterW/m-K,W/m.K,W/mK
Watt(s)permeter-Kelvin(unitofthermalconductivity)
WMO WorldMeteorologicalOrganizationWO3 TungstentrioxideWP.29 WorkingParty29-WorldForumfor
HarmonizationofVehicleRegulationsWppm Weightpart(s)permillionWSTF WhiteSandsTestFacilitywt WeightWt Watt(s)thermalwt%,wt.% Weightpercent(percentbyweight)WTP WelltopumpWTP WatertransportplateWTPP Well-to-powerplantWTT Well-to-tankw/v WeightbyvolumeWTW Well-to-wheelsX- ananionicligandsuchaschlorideXAFS X-rayabsorptionfinestructureXANES X-rayabsorptionnear-edgespectroscopyXAS X-rayabsorptionspectroscopyXC72 High-surface-areacarbonsupportmadeby
CabotXES X-rayemissionspectroscopyXPS X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy,X-ray
photonspectroscopy,X-rayphotoemissionspectroscopy,X-rayphotoluminescencespectroscopy
V VoltVA VinylacetateVAC VoltsalternatingcurrentVACNTs VerticallyalignedcarbonnanotubesVANTA VerticallyalignednanotubearraysVASP ViennaabinitiosimulationpackageVaTech VirginiaPolytechnicInstituteandState
UniversityVB ValencebandVBM ValencebandminimumVBM ValencebandmaximumVC VanadiumcarbideVC VulcancarbonVDC VoltsdirectcurrentVDF VinylidenefluorideVDOS VibrationaldensityofstatesvdW vanderWaalsvdW-DF vanderWaalsdensityfunctionVFA VolatilefattyacidVFS VehiclefuelingstationV(H2) VolumetrichydrogenadsorptioncapacityV(H2) VolumetrichydrogenstoragecapacityVHSV VolumetrichourlyspacevelocityVHTR Veryhightemperaturegas-coolednuclear
reactorVHTS Virtualhigh-throughputscreeningVI VenterInstituteV-I,V/I Voltage–currentVIM/VAR Vacuuminductionmelting/vacuumarc
remeltingVIR Voltage-current-resistanceVIS Visiblelightat400-700nmVmp MicroporevolumeVMT VehiclemilestraveledVOC VolatileorganiccompoundVOC VoltageopencircuitVol.,vol. Volumevol% VolumepercentVpore TotalporevolumeVT VirginiaTechW TungstenW Watt(s)WAXD Wide-angleX-raydiffractionWAXS WideangleX-rayscatteringWBS WorkbreakdownscheduleWC Tungstencarbon;Tungstencarbide
XIV–25
FY 2012 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program
XIV. Acronyms, Abbreviations and Definitions
ZIF ZeoliticimidazolateframeworkZMOF Zeolite(-type)metal-organicframeworkZn ZincZnO ZincoxideZPE Zeropointenergyzpp ZirconiumphenylphosphonateZr ZirconiumZrO2 ZirconiumdioxideZrSPP ZirconiumphosphatesulfophenylphosphonateZVI Zerovalentiron
XPS-UPS X-rayphotoelectron-ultravioletphotoelectronspectroscopy
XRD X-raydiffractionXRF X-rayfluorescenceY Yttriumyr,YR YearYSZ Yttria-stablizedzirconiaZ AtomicnumberZEBA ZeroEmissionBayAreaZEV ZeroemissionvehicleZHS Zinchydroxystannate