Warm-Up 831

bull Pick up a Lab Safety Contract

bull Contracts and Consumables Due Sep 6th

bull UIL Science

Pre-AP Review

About ScienceChapter 1

About Sciencebull Units

Quantity Variable UnitDisplacement x mTime t sVelocity v msAcceleration a ms2

Force F NMomentum ρ kgmsWork W JPower P WPotential EnergyKinetic Energy PEKE J

Linear MotionChapter 2

Linear Motion

bull Displacement vs Distance

bull Velocitybull v = x

t

bull Accelerationbull a = Δv

t

Projectile MotionChapter 3

Projectile Motion

bull Vectorsbull Magnitudebull Direction

bull Scalarsbull Magnitude

Projectile Motion

vf = vi + at

vf2 = vi

2 + 2ax

x = vit + frac12 at2

bull Use GUESSbull List what you knowbull Pick your equationbull Remember ldquoImportant Pointsrdquo

Projectile Motion

bull Important Pointsbull Horizontal and vertical components

bull Independentbull Vertical component

bull Timebull Horizontal component

bull Distance travelledbull Ball thrown vertically velocity at the apex of its

trajectorybull 0 ms

Projectile Motion

bull Vector Addition

bull Pythagorean Theorembull Resultant vector

bull SOH CAH TOA

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Pre-AP Review

About ScienceChapter 1

About Sciencebull Units

Quantity Variable UnitDisplacement x mTime t sVelocity v msAcceleration a ms2

Force F NMomentum ρ kgmsWork W JPower P WPotential EnergyKinetic Energy PEKE J

Linear MotionChapter 2

Linear Motion

bull Displacement vs Distance

bull Velocitybull v = x

t

bull Accelerationbull a = Δv

t

Projectile MotionChapter 3

Projectile Motion

bull Vectorsbull Magnitudebull Direction

bull Scalarsbull Magnitude

Projectile Motion

vf = vi + at

vf2 = vi

2 + 2ax

x = vit + frac12 at2

bull Use GUESSbull List what you knowbull Pick your equationbull Remember ldquoImportant Pointsrdquo

Projectile Motion

bull Important Pointsbull Horizontal and vertical components

bull Independentbull Vertical component

bull Timebull Horizontal component

bull Distance travelledbull Ball thrown vertically velocity at the apex of its

trajectorybull 0 ms

Projectile Motion

bull Vector Addition

bull Pythagorean Theorembull Resultant vector

bull SOH CAH TOA

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

About ScienceChapter 1

About Sciencebull Units

Quantity Variable UnitDisplacement x mTime t sVelocity v msAcceleration a ms2

Force F NMomentum ρ kgmsWork W JPower P WPotential EnergyKinetic Energy PEKE J

Linear MotionChapter 2

Linear Motion

bull Displacement vs Distance

bull Velocitybull v = x

t

bull Accelerationbull a = Δv

t

Projectile MotionChapter 3

Projectile Motion

bull Vectorsbull Magnitudebull Direction

bull Scalarsbull Magnitude

Projectile Motion

vf = vi + at

vf2 = vi

2 + 2ax

x = vit + frac12 at2

bull Use GUESSbull List what you knowbull Pick your equationbull Remember ldquoImportant Pointsrdquo

Projectile Motion

bull Important Pointsbull Horizontal and vertical components

bull Independentbull Vertical component

bull Timebull Horizontal component

bull Distance travelledbull Ball thrown vertically velocity at the apex of its

trajectorybull 0 ms

Projectile Motion

bull Vector Addition

bull Pythagorean Theorembull Resultant vector

bull SOH CAH TOA

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

About Sciencebull Units

Quantity Variable UnitDisplacement x mTime t sVelocity v msAcceleration a ms2

Force F NMomentum ρ kgmsWork W JPower P WPotential EnergyKinetic Energy PEKE J

Linear MotionChapter 2

Linear Motion

bull Displacement vs Distance

bull Velocitybull v = x

t

bull Accelerationbull a = Δv

t

Projectile MotionChapter 3

Projectile Motion

bull Vectorsbull Magnitudebull Direction

bull Scalarsbull Magnitude

Projectile Motion

vf = vi + at

vf2 = vi

2 + 2ax

x = vit + frac12 at2

bull Use GUESSbull List what you knowbull Pick your equationbull Remember ldquoImportant Pointsrdquo

Projectile Motion

bull Important Pointsbull Horizontal and vertical components

bull Independentbull Vertical component

bull Timebull Horizontal component

bull Distance travelledbull Ball thrown vertically velocity at the apex of its

trajectorybull 0 ms

Projectile Motion

bull Vector Addition

bull Pythagorean Theorembull Resultant vector

bull SOH CAH TOA

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Linear MotionChapter 2

Linear Motion

bull Displacement vs Distance

bull Velocitybull v = x

t

bull Accelerationbull a = Δv

t

Projectile MotionChapter 3

Projectile Motion

bull Vectorsbull Magnitudebull Direction

bull Scalarsbull Magnitude

Projectile Motion

vf = vi + at

vf2 = vi

2 + 2ax

x = vit + frac12 at2

bull Use GUESSbull List what you knowbull Pick your equationbull Remember ldquoImportant Pointsrdquo

Projectile Motion

bull Important Pointsbull Horizontal and vertical components

bull Independentbull Vertical component

bull Timebull Horizontal component

bull Distance travelledbull Ball thrown vertically velocity at the apex of its

trajectorybull 0 ms

Projectile Motion

bull Vector Addition

bull Pythagorean Theorembull Resultant vector

bull SOH CAH TOA

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Linear Motion

bull Displacement vs Distance

bull Velocitybull v = x

t

bull Accelerationbull a = Δv

t

Projectile MotionChapter 3

Projectile Motion

bull Vectorsbull Magnitudebull Direction

bull Scalarsbull Magnitude

Projectile Motion

vf = vi + at

vf2 = vi

2 + 2ax

x = vit + frac12 at2

bull Use GUESSbull List what you knowbull Pick your equationbull Remember ldquoImportant Pointsrdquo

Projectile Motion

bull Important Pointsbull Horizontal and vertical components

bull Independentbull Vertical component

bull Timebull Horizontal component

bull Distance travelledbull Ball thrown vertically velocity at the apex of its

trajectorybull 0 ms

Projectile Motion

bull Vector Addition

bull Pythagorean Theorembull Resultant vector

bull SOH CAH TOA

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Projectile MotionChapter 3

Projectile Motion

bull Vectorsbull Magnitudebull Direction

bull Scalarsbull Magnitude

Projectile Motion

vf = vi + at

vf2 = vi

2 + 2ax

x = vit + frac12 at2

bull Use GUESSbull List what you knowbull Pick your equationbull Remember ldquoImportant Pointsrdquo

Projectile Motion

bull Important Pointsbull Horizontal and vertical components

bull Independentbull Vertical component

bull Timebull Horizontal component

bull Distance travelledbull Ball thrown vertically velocity at the apex of its

trajectorybull 0 ms

Projectile Motion

bull Vector Addition

bull Pythagorean Theorembull Resultant vector

bull SOH CAH TOA

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Projectile Motion

bull Vectorsbull Magnitudebull Direction

bull Scalarsbull Magnitude

Projectile Motion

vf = vi + at

vf2 = vi

2 + 2ax

x = vit + frac12 at2

bull Use GUESSbull List what you knowbull Pick your equationbull Remember ldquoImportant Pointsrdquo

Projectile Motion

bull Important Pointsbull Horizontal and vertical components

bull Independentbull Vertical component

bull Timebull Horizontal component

bull Distance travelledbull Ball thrown vertically velocity at the apex of its

trajectorybull 0 ms

Projectile Motion

bull Vector Addition

bull Pythagorean Theorembull Resultant vector

bull SOH CAH TOA

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Projectile Motion

vf = vi + at

vf2 = vi

2 + 2ax

x = vit + frac12 at2

bull Use GUESSbull List what you knowbull Pick your equationbull Remember ldquoImportant Pointsrdquo

Projectile Motion

bull Important Pointsbull Horizontal and vertical components

bull Independentbull Vertical component

bull Timebull Horizontal component

bull Distance travelledbull Ball thrown vertically velocity at the apex of its

trajectorybull 0 ms

Projectile Motion

bull Vector Addition

bull Pythagorean Theorembull Resultant vector

bull SOH CAH TOA

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Projectile Motion

bull Important Pointsbull Horizontal and vertical components

bull Independentbull Vertical component

bull Timebull Horizontal component

bull Distance travelledbull Ball thrown vertically velocity at the apex of its

trajectorybull 0 ms

Projectile Motion

bull Vector Addition

bull Pythagorean Theorembull Resultant vector

bull SOH CAH TOA

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Projectile Motion

bull Vector Addition

bull Pythagorean Theorembull Resultant vector

bull SOH CAH TOA

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Newtonrsquos LawsChapter 4 5 6

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a body in motion

tends to stay in motion unless a force is applied

bull 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal but opposite

reactionbull Action-Reaction Pairs

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull 1st Lawbull A body at rest tends to stay at rest a

body in motion tends to stay in motion

bull Except when there are external forces

bull Inertiabull The tendency of the 1st Law

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 2nd Lawbull F = ma

bull Involved in all Newtonrsquos Calculations

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Newtonrsquos 3rd Lawbull For every action there is an equal and

opposite reaction

bull Action-Reaction Pairsbull You push on the table

bull The table pushes back on youbull Baseball bat hits the ball

bull The ball hits back

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Newtonrsquos Laws

bull Net Forcebull Overall Force on an object

bull 0 net forcebull All forces balancedbull Mechanical Equilibriumbull 0 acceleration

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

MomentumChapter 7

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Momentum

bull Momentumbull ρ = mv

bull Impulsebull J = Δρ

bull Δρ = ρf ndash ρi

bull Δρ = mvf - mvi

bull J = Ft

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentumbull Momentum before = momentum afterbull Different equations for different

situations

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Momentum

bull Conservation of Momentum Equations

Situation Equation

Objects collide m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f

Objects attach m1v1i + m2v2i = = mfvf

Objects separate (m1 + m2)vi = m1v1f + m2v2f

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Momentum

bull Collisionsbull Elastic

bull Momentum is conservedbull Inelastic

bull Momentum is lostbull How

bull Soundbull Heatbull Damagebull etc

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Mechanical Energy

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Mechanical Energy

bull Work and Powerbull Work

bull W = F x

bull Powerbull P = W

t

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Mechanical Energy

bull Mechanical Energybull ME = KE + PE

bull Potential Energy bull PE = -mgh

bull Kinetic Energybull KE = frac12 mv2

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Mechanical Energy

bull Work-Energy Theorembull W = ΔKE

bull ΔKE = KEf ndash KEi

bull ΔKE = frac12 mvf2 ndash 12mvi

2

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Mechanical Energy

bull Conservation of Mechanical Energy

MEi = MEf

KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf

frac12 mvi2 + -mghi = frac12 mvf

2 + -mghf

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Thermodynamics

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Change of Phase

bull Going from one phase to anotherbull Occurs through the gain or loss of heat

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Melting Vaporization Ionization

Sublimation

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Change of Phase

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Freezing Condensation Deionization

Deposition

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

UniversalGravitation

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Gravity Equation

bull Wherebull F is forcebull G is the universal gravitation constantbull m1

is mass of object 1

bull m2 is mass of object 2bull d is distance between objects

32

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Inverse Square Relationship

bull Ratio of distances to force

Distance Force1 12 14 3 194 116

12 4 33

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Relativity

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Relativity

bull Special relativitybull Space-Timebull Time dilation

bull General relativitybull e = mc2

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Electricity

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Electrostatics

Wherebull F = Forcebull k = proportionality constantbull q1 = charge of 1st particlebull q2 = charge of 2nd particlebull d = distance between charges

F = kq

1q

2d2

Whatrsquos the unit for q

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Ohmrsquos Law

I = VR

bull Wherebull I is currentbull V is voltage (potential)bull R is resistance

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Units of Ohmrsquos Law

bull Electric Potential Vbull Volts (V)

bull Resistance Rbull Ohms (Ω)

bull Current Ibull Amperes (A)

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Electrical Power

P = IV

bull Wherebull P is powerbull I is currentbull V is voltage

bull Unit for powerbull Watt

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Series Circuit

bull Only one path for current to flow throughbull All components have the same current

bull Resistance in seriesbull Resistances add upbull RTotal = R1 + R2

+ hellip + Rn

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Parallel Circuits

bull Multiple paths for electricity to takebull Voltage across each path is the same

bull Resistance in parallelbull Inverse of resistances add upbull 1 = 1 + 1 + hellip + 1_ RTotal R1 R2 Rn

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Series vs Parallel Summary

bull A table comparing series and parallel circuitsbull Voltage current and resistance of each component

Circuit Voltage Current ResistanceSeries Different Same RTotal = R1 + R2 +hellip

Parallel Same Different 1 = 1 + 1 +hellipRTotal R1 R2

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Magnetism

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Direction of a Magnetic Field

bull When current flows down a wirehellipbull The ldquoRight Hand Rulerdquo

bull With the right handbull Stick your thumb in the direction of the currentbull Your fingers show the direction of the field

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Electromagnetic Induction

bull A changing magnetic field and a wire causeshellipbull Currentbull And Voltage

bull Explained by Ohmrsquos Lawbull I = VR

bull This is done byhellipbull Moving a magnet relative to a wire

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Stepping Up and Down

bull What type of transformers step-up or step-down are they following The primary coils are on the left the secondary coils are on the right

PRIM

ARY

SECO

NDA

RY

Step-Up Step-Up Step-Down

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Waves

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Describing Waves

bull Crest bull High point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Describing Waves

bull Trough bull Low point of a wave

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Describing Waves

bull Wavelength (λ)bull Length of one wave (in meters)bull From Crest Crest or Trough Trough

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Describing Waves

bull Amplitudebull Height from the equilibrium (middle) pointbull To either the crest or trough

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Period and Frequency Equation

T = 1 f

bull Wherebull T is period

bull Measured in secbull f is frequency

bull Measured in Hzbull Inverse of inverse seconds = seconds

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Types of Waves

bull Types of wavesbull Transverse wavesbull Longitudinal wavesbull Standing waves

bull Letrsquos look at each onehellip

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Describing Transverse Waves

bull Like we discussed beforehellip

bull Using crest trough wavelength amplitude

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Describing Longitudinal Waves

bull Also called compression waves

bull Compressionbull Area of compressed media (increased density)

bull Rarefactionbull Region of less media (decreased density)

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Describing Standing Waves

bull Nodesbull No motionbull Red dots

bull Antinodesbull Maximum motionbull Crests and troughs

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Interference Overview

In Phase

Constructive Interference

Out of Phase

Destructive

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Doppler Effect

bull Notice the distortion of the sound waves in frontbull httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=imoxDcn2Sgo

Stationary Object Moving Object

Electromagnetic Spectrum

bull Electromagnetic Spectrumbull All electromagnetic waves fall in this spectrum

Wavelength and Frequency

bull Electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of lightbull c = 30 x 108 ms

c = λf

bull c is constant thereforebull High wavelength

bull Low frequencybull Low wavelength

bull High frequency

AP Equation Sheet

bull Used only on the free response

bull Pick up copies bull 3 sheets

• Warm-Up 831
• Pre-AP Review
• About Science
• About Science (2)
• Linear Motion
• Linear Motion (2)
• Projectile Motion
• Projectile Motion (2)
• Projectile Motion (3)
• Projectile Motion (4)
• Projectile Motion (5)
• Newtonrsquos Laws
• Newtonrsquos Laws (2)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (3)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (4)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (5)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (6)
• Momentum
• Momentum (2)
• Momentum (3)
• Momentum (4)
• Momentum (5)
• Mechanical Energy
• Mechanical Energy (2)
• Mechanical Energy (3)
• Mechanical Energy (4)
• Mechanical Energy (5)
• Thermodynamics
• Change of Phase
• Change of Phase (2)
• Universal Gravitation
• Gravity Equation
• Inverse Square Relationship
• Relativity
• Relativity (2)
• Electricity
• Electrostatics
• Ohmrsquos Law
• Units of Ohmrsquos Law
• Electrical Power
• Series Circuit
• Parallel Circuits
• Series vs Parallel Summary
• Magnetism
• Direction of a Magnetic Field
• Electromagnetic Induction
• Stepping Up and Down
• Waves
• Describing Waves
• Describing Waves (2)
• Describing Waves (3)
• Describing Waves (4)
• Period and Frequency Equation
• Types of Waves
• Describing Transverse Waves
• Describing Longitudinal Waves
• Describing Standing Waves
• Interference Overview
• Doppler Effect
• Electromagnetic Spectrum
• Wavelength and Frequency
• AP Equation Sheet

Wavelength and Frequency

bull Electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of lightbull c = 30 x 108 ms

c = λf

bull c is constant thereforebull High wavelength

bull Low frequencybull Low wavelength

bull High frequency

AP Equation Sheet

bull Used only on the free response

bull Pick up copies bull 3 sheets

• Warm-Up 831
• Pre-AP Review
• About Science
• About Science (2)
• Linear Motion
• Linear Motion (2)
• Projectile Motion
• Projectile Motion (2)
• Projectile Motion (3)
• Projectile Motion (4)
• Projectile Motion (5)
• Newtonrsquos Laws
• Newtonrsquos Laws (2)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (3)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (4)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (5)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (6)
• Momentum
• Momentum (2)
• Momentum (3)
• Momentum (4)
• Momentum (5)
• Mechanical Energy
• Mechanical Energy (2)
• Mechanical Energy (3)
• Mechanical Energy (4)
• Mechanical Energy (5)
• Thermodynamics
• Change of Phase
• Change of Phase (2)
• Universal Gravitation
• Gravity Equation
• Inverse Square Relationship
• Relativity
• Relativity (2)
• Electricity
• Electrostatics
• Ohmrsquos Law
• Units of Ohmrsquos Law
• Electrical Power
• Series Circuit
• Parallel Circuits
• Series vs Parallel Summary
• Magnetism
• Direction of a Magnetic Field
• Electromagnetic Induction
• Stepping Up and Down
• Waves
• Describing Waves
• Describing Waves (2)
• Describing Waves (3)
• Describing Waves (4)
• Period and Frequency Equation
• Types of Waves
• Describing Transverse Waves
• Describing Longitudinal Waves
• Describing Standing Waves
• Interference Overview
• Doppler Effect
• Electromagnetic Spectrum
• Wavelength and Frequency
• AP Equation Sheet

AP Equation Sheet

bull Used only on the free response

bull Pick up copies bull 3 sheets

• Warm-Up 831
• Pre-AP Review
• About Science
• About Science (2)
• Linear Motion
• Linear Motion (2)
• Projectile Motion
• Projectile Motion (2)
• Projectile Motion (3)
• Projectile Motion (4)
• Projectile Motion (5)
• Newtonrsquos Laws
• Newtonrsquos Laws (2)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (3)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (4)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (5)
• Newtonrsquos Laws (6)
• Momentum
• Momentum (2)
• Momentum (3)
• Momentum (4)
• Momentum (5)
• Mechanical Energy
• Mechanical Energy (2)
• Mechanical Energy (3)
• Mechanical Energy (4)
• Mechanical Energy (5)
• Thermodynamics
• Change of Phase
• Change of Phase (2)
• Universal Gravitation
• Gravity Equation
• Inverse Square Relationship
• Relativity
• Relativity (2)
• Electricity
• Electrostatics
• Ohmrsquos Law
• Units of Ohmrsquos Law
• Electrical Power
• Series Circuit
• Parallel Circuits
• Series vs Parallel Summary
• Magnetism
• Direction of a Magnetic Field
• Electromagnetic Induction
• Stepping Up and Down
• Waves
• Describing Waves
• Describing Waves (2)
• Describing Waves (3)
• Describing Waves (4)
• Period and Frequency Equation
• Types of Waves
• Describing Transverse Waves
• Describing Longitudinal Waves
• Describing Standing Waves
• Interference Overview
• Doppler Effect
• Electromagnetic Spectrum
• Wavelength and Frequency
• AP Equation Sheet