Unit 8:

• Pronunciation /fl/ - /fr/ - /θr/• Grammar: Pronouns one(s), someone, no one,

anyone, everyone.

PRONUNCIATION

•/fl/•/fr/•/θr/

flower

fly

fry

fruit

threatened

three

Practise reading aloud this sentences

1. I’m afraid there’s a fly in your fruit cake.

2. He keeps throwing flowers through the windows.

3. Three of my friends flew to Frankfurt yesterday.

4. They bought some frozen food from the supermarket.

5. The river flows through the centre of three cities.

Exercise: write the words in the task above which contain sounds /fl/ - /fr/ - /θr/

/fl/ /fr/ /θr//fl/ /fr/ /θr/

FlyFlowerFlewflow

AfraidFruitFriendFrankfurtFrozenfrom

ThrowThroughthree

GRAMMAR

Pronouns

One(s)

SomeoneNo oneAnyone

Everyone

One(s)

• One: replaces a single countable nounE.g: “Can get you a drink?” “It’s OK. I’ve already got one.”

• Ones: replaces a plural nounE.g: I think his best poems are his early

ones.

One(s)

• Ones: prefers thing to people• Ones in the phrases means people- The little ones (= small children)- (your) loved ones (= usually close

family)- (one of) the lucky ones Ones in comparativee.g: Older students seem to work harder

than younger ones.

One(s) One/ones: not used for:- Replacing a uncountable noune.g: I like brown bread but not white.

- Following nouns which are used as adj

e.g: I thought my key was in my trouser pocket, but it was in my coat pocket.

One(s)

One/ones: not used for:- Following my, your,…; some,

any, both or a numbere.g: Take your coat and pass me

mine.(NOT … pass me my one)

One(s)

• One/ones: can be left out- Following whiche.g: When we buy medicines, we have no

way of knowing which (ones) contain sugar.

- Following superlativee.g: Look at that pumpkin! It’s the biggest

(one) I’ve seen this year.

One(s)

• One/ones: can be left out:

- Following this, that, these, those; either, neither, another, each, the first/ second/ last,…

E.g: Would you like some grapes? These (ones) are the sweetest, but those (ones) taste best.

One(s)

• Ones: can not be left out- Following the, the only, the main,

and everyE.g: When you cook clams you

shouldn’t eat the ones that don’t open.

One(s)

Ones: can not be left out- Following adj (- colour adj)E.g: My shoes were so uncomfortable that

I had to go out today and buy some new ones.

“Have you decided which jumper to buy?”

“Yes, I think I’ll take the blue (one) .”

Someone/ No one/ Anyone/ Everyone

• Some & someone, somebody, something

• Any & anyone, anybody, anything• No & no one, nobody, nothing• Every & everyone, everybody,

everything

Some & someone, somebody, something

• “Some” is used:- In positive sentencese.g: They bought some honey.

• “Some” is used:- In invitation, suggestion or request.e.g: Would you like some wine? Could you do some typing for

me?

Some & someone, somebody, something

Some & someone, somebody, something

• Someone, somebody, something: used like “some”

E.g: Someone/ Somebody gave me a ticket for the pop concert.

Any & anyone, anybody, anything

• “Any” is used:- In negative sentence:e.g: I don’t have any match.- With hardly, barely, scarely and

withoute.g: He crossed the frontier without

any difficulty.

Any & anyone, anybody, anything

• “Any” is used:- In questions (- questions use

“some”)e.g: Do you have any money?- After if/whether e.g: If you need any more money,

please let me know.

Any & anyone, anybody, anything

• Anyone, anybody, anything: used like “any”

e.g: Do you want anything from the chemist?

No & no one, nobody, nothing

• “No”: used with positive verbs to express the negative meaning.

e.g: I have no apples. (= I don’t have any apples)

No & no one, nobody, nothing

• No one, nobody, nothing: also used like “No”

e.g: No one/ Nobody has ever given me a free ticket for anything.

Every & everyone, everybody, everything

• “Every”: used for indicating any thing, any people.

e.g: We watch TV every day.

Every & everyone, everybody, everything

• Everyone, everybody, everything: used for indicating all people, all things.

E.g: I bought everything you wanted.

Notes

• Someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, no one, nobody: used in possessive form.

e.g: Someone’s passport has been stolen.

Notes

• Someone, anybody, no one… they, them, their

e.g: No one saw Tom go out, did they?

Notes

• Something, anything, nothing… it

e.g: Something went wrong, didn’t it?

Exercise 1

Choose the correct word or phrase:1. We arranged the meeting, but

………… came. (no one/ anyone)2. We don’t think there’s

……………… wrong with her reading ability. (anything / something)

no one

3. ……………… is knocking the door. (One / Someone)

4. Does …………… want a drink? (one / anyone)

5. “Have you got a radio?” “No” “You should buy …………” (something / one)

Exercise 1

one

Exercise 2

Correct the mistakes you can find in these sentences.

Exercise 2

1. When I arrived, I didn’t see somebody there. Everyone had gone home.

2. Of the two shirts, I prefer the white ones.

3. Nobody want to stay home on such a lovely summer day.

anyone

one

Exercise 2

4. He didn’t want something to do with the arrangements for the party.

5. I couldn’t fit all the boxes in the car, so I have to leaves ones behind and pick it up later.

6. There was hardly no one on the beach. It was almost deserted.

anything

one

anyone

ones