The Shape Memory Alloy Business Area for Industrial ... · Business Area for Industrial Applicatons...
25
w e support your innovation The The Shape Shape Memory Memory Alloy Alloy Business Area Business Area for for Industrial Industrial Applicatons Applicatons SAES Getters S.p.A. Contact: Ing. Francesco Butera [email protected]
Transcript of The Shape Memory Alloy Business Area for Industrial ... · Business Area for Industrial Applicatons...
w e support your innovat ion
TheThe ShapeShape MemoryMemory AlloyAlloyBusiness AreaBusiness Area
forfor IndustrialIndustrial ApplicatonsApplicatons
SAES Getters SpA
Contact Ing Francesco Buterafrancesco_buterasaes-groupcom
w e support your innovat ion
Temperature
∆R [Ω ]∆l [mm]
Mf Ms As Af
Heating
Cooling
Austenitic phase
Martensitic phase
Thermalhysteresis
Tamb
SM spring in austenite
SM spring in martensite
Shape memory alloys (SMA) if thermallystimulated by external heat or internal electricalcurrent flow (Joule effect) exhibit a reversiblethermoelastic martensite transformation with amacroscopic shape change
SMASMA ShapeShape MemoryMemory AlloysAlloys
Click in to play the movie
w e support your innovat ion
Caratteristica di Superelasticitagrave
Abilitagrave nel ldquorecuperordquo elastico digrandi deformazioni
SMASMA SuperelasticSuperelastic alloysalloys
w e support your innovat ion
Martensite
0 20 40 60 80 100
0
02
04
06
08
1
AfMs
AsMf
Riscaldam
en to
T [degC]
Raf
fred
dam
ento
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20
Tamb
CICLO ISTERESI
ShapeShape MemoryMemory ampamp SuperelasticSuperelastic effecteffect
w e support your innovat ion
Stress
Cool
HeatTwo-Way Memory
(thermal)
Superelasticity(isothermal)
One-Way Memory
ShapeShape MemoryMemory EffectsEffects
w e support your innovat ion
Heating
Cooling
MartensiticStructure
AusteniticStructure
MicropicturesMicropictures ofof martensiticmartensitictransformationtransformation
w e support your innovat ion
SMA Industrial Business AreaSMA Industrial Business AreaThe missionThe mission
Since Jan 08 Saes has been the worldwide leader in supplyingSMA alloys for medical applications
The Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Industrial BA mission is todevelop manufacture and market TiNi components (egwires springshellip) ldquotrainedrdquo for industrial applications with100 quality controlled
The BA targets to become market leader in the supply of SMAcomponents for large volume industrial applications in 2008
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory AlloysShape Memory Alloysfor innovative microfor innovative micro--actuatorsactuators
Few centimeter of shape memory wirecan replace bulky electromagnetic actuators
CurrentEM actuator
Shape memory actuator
Main advantages
bull Compactness and flexibilitybull Reduced costsbull Direct linear or angular movementbull High reliabilitybull Noiseless operationbull Work in ldquoharsh environmentrdquobull No EMI
Shape memory ElectromagneticActuation stroke 4 - 6 mm 6 - 8 mmActuation Force 60 N 35 NActuation time lt 02 s lt 05 sOperating temperature -30 degC divide + 80degC -30 degC divide + 80degCLife cycles gt 200000 gt 50000Actuator volume 1 cm3 60 cm3
Actuator weight 1 g 75 gOperating voltage 12 V DC 12 V DC
Linear actuator (typ performances)
w e support your innovat ion
SaesSaes GroupGroup SMASMA industrialindustrial sitessites
Saes Smart Materials IncNew HartfordAlloy development andmanufacturingWorldwide leader in medical andindustrial semifinished products
- Saes Getters Spa Lainate (IT)(Group Headquarter)Research facilities andcomponents developmentSmarflex pilot line
- Saes Advanced TechnologiesAvezzano (IT)Smartflex manufacturing line
Memory Metalle Gmbh (DE)(50 owned company)Components development in medical andindustrial applications
w e support your innovat ion
VerticalVertical integratedintegratedmanufacturingmanufacturing processprocess
uml Hot extrusion (900degC)uml Hot rolling (900degC)uml Cold rollinguml Drawing to wire
Fine wire drawingFinal annealing
Training process Optional process- Crimping- Co-extrusion- shaping
Melting Intermediate processsteps
Final testing
SSM
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Alloys SAESShape Memory Alloys SAESA unique product offer
uml vertically integrated production (from ingot towire) offering better quality control and productoffering better quality control and productmixmix flexibilityflexibility
uml research and development orientation implyingimplyingdeep and better understanding of material anddeep and better understanding of material andprovideprovide engineeringengineering supportsupport
uml quality system and global presence being abeing abetter assurance for industrialbetter assurance for industrial applicationsapplicationsThe SMA production line in 2008 will be ISO TSqualified
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
Temperature
∆R [Ω ]∆l [mm]
Mf Ms As Af
Heating
Cooling
Austenitic phase
Martensitic phase
Thermalhysteresis
Tamb
SM spring in austenite
SM spring in martensite
Shape memory alloys (SMA) if thermallystimulated by external heat or internal electricalcurrent flow (Joule effect) exhibit a reversiblethermoelastic martensite transformation with amacroscopic shape change
SMASMA ShapeShape MemoryMemory AlloysAlloys
Click in to play the movie
w e support your innovat ion
Caratteristica di Superelasticitagrave
Abilitagrave nel ldquorecuperordquo elastico digrandi deformazioni
SMASMA SuperelasticSuperelastic alloysalloys
w e support your innovat ion
Martensite
0 20 40 60 80 100
0
02
04
06
08
1
AfMs
AsMf
Riscaldam
en to
T [degC]
Raf
fred
dam
ento
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20
Tamb
CICLO ISTERESI
ShapeShape MemoryMemory ampamp SuperelasticSuperelastic effecteffect
w e support your innovat ion
Stress
Cool
HeatTwo-Way Memory
(thermal)
Superelasticity(isothermal)
One-Way Memory
ShapeShape MemoryMemory EffectsEffects
w e support your innovat ion
Heating
Cooling
MartensiticStructure
AusteniticStructure
MicropicturesMicropictures ofof martensiticmartensitictransformationtransformation
w e support your innovat ion
SMA Industrial Business AreaSMA Industrial Business AreaThe missionThe mission
Since Jan 08 Saes has been the worldwide leader in supplyingSMA alloys for medical applications
The Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Industrial BA mission is todevelop manufacture and market TiNi components (egwires springshellip) ldquotrainedrdquo for industrial applications with100 quality controlled
The BA targets to become market leader in the supply of SMAcomponents for large volume industrial applications in 2008
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory AlloysShape Memory Alloysfor innovative microfor innovative micro--actuatorsactuators
Few centimeter of shape memory wirecan replace bulky electromagnetic actuators
CurrentEM actuator
Shape memory actuator
Main advantages
bull Compactness and flexibilitybull Reduced costsbull Direct linear or angular movementbull High reliabilitybull Noiseless operationbull Work in ldquoharsh environmentrdquobull No EMI
Shape memory ElectromagneticActuation stroke 4 - 6 mm 6 - 8 mmActuation Force 60 N 35 NActuation time lt 02 s lt 05 sOperating temperature -30 degC divide + 80degC -30 degC divide + 80degCLife cycles gt 200000 gt 50000Actuator volume 1 cm3 60 cm3
Actuator weight 1 g 75 gOperating voltage 12 V DC 12 V DC
Linear actuator (typ performances)
w e support your innovat ion
SaesSaes GroupGroup SMASMA industrialindustrial sitessites
Saes Smart Materials IncNew HartfordAlloy development andmanufacturingWorldwide leader in medical andindustrial semifinished products
- Saes Getters Spa Lainate (IT)(Group Headquarter)Research facilities andcomponents developmentSmarflex pilot line
- Saes Advanced TechnologiesAvezzano (IT)Smartflex manufacturing line
Memory Metalle Gmbh (DE)(50 owned company)Components development in medical andindustrial applications
w e support your innovat ion
VerticalVertical integratedintegratedmanufacturingmanufacturing processprocess
uml Hot extrusion (900degC)uml Hot rolling (900degC)uml Cold rollinguml Drawing to wire
Fine wire drawingFinal annealing
Training process Optional process- Crimping- Co-extrusion- shaping
Melting Intermediate processsteps
Final testing
SSM
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Alloys SAESShape Memory Alloys SAESA unique product offer
uml vertically integrated production (from ingot towire) offering better quality control and productoffering better quality control and productmixmix flexibilityflexibility
uml research and development orientation implyingimplyingdeep and better understanding of material anddeep and better understanding of material andprovideprovide engineeringengineering supportsupport
uml quality system and global presence being abeing abetter assurance for industrialbetter assurance for industrial applicationsapplicationsThe SMA production line in 2008 will be ISO TSqualified
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
Caratteristica di Superelasticitagrave
Abilitagrave nel ldquorecuperordquo elastico digrandi deformazioni
SMASMA SuperelasticSuperelastic alloysalloys
w e support your innovat ion
Martensite
0 20 40 60 80 100
0
02
04
06
08
1
AfMs
AsMf
Riscaldam
en to
T [degC]
Raf
fred
dam
ento
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20
Tamb
CICLO ISTERESI
ShapeShape MemoryMemory ampamp SuperelasticSuperelastic effecteffect
w e support your innovat ion
Stress
Cool
HeatTwo-Way Memory
(thermal)
Superelasticity(isothermal)
One-Way Memory
ShapeShape MemoryMemory EffectsEffects
w e support your innovat ion
Heating
Cooling
MartensiticStructure
AusteniticStructure
MicropicturesMicropictures ofof martensiticmartensitictransformationtransformation
w e support your innovat ion
SMA Industrial Business AreaSMA Industrial Business AreaThe missionThe mission
Since Jan 08 Saes has been the worldwide leader in supplyingSMA alloys for medical applications
The Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Industrial BA mission is todevelop manufacture and market TiNi components (egwires springshellip) ldquotrainedrdquo for industrial applications with100 quality controlled
The BA targets to become market leader in the supply of SMAcomponents for large volume industrial applications in 2008
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory AlloysShape Memory Alloysfor innovative microfor innovative micro--actuatorsactuators
Few centimeter of shape memory wirecan replace bulky electromagnetic actuators
CurrentEM actuator
Shape memory actuator
Main advantages
bull Compactness and flexibilitybull Reduced costsbull Direct linear or angular movementbull High reliabilitybull Noiseless operationbull Work in ldquoharsh environmentrdquobull No EMI
Shape memory ElectromagneticActuation stroke 4 - 6 mm 6 - 8 mmActuation Force 60 N 35 NActuation time lt 02 s lt 05 sOperating temperature -30 degC divide + 80degC -30 degC divide + 80degCLife cycles gt 200000 gt 50000Actuator volume 1 cm3 60 cm3
Actuator weight 1 g 75 gOperating voltage 12 V DC 12 V DC
Linear actuator (typ performances)
w e support your innovat ion
SaesSaes GroupGroup SMASMA industrialindustrial sitessites
Saes Smart Materials IncNew HartfordAlloy development andmanufacturingWorldwide leader in medical andindustrial semifinished products
- Saes Getters Spa Lainate (IT)(Group Headquarter)Research facilities andcomponents developmentSmarflex pilot line
- Saes Advanced TechnologiesAvezzano (IT)Smartflex manufacturing line
Memory Metalle Gmbh (DE)(50 owned company)Components development in medical andindustrial applications
w e support your innovat ion
VerticalVertical integratedintegratedmanufacturingmanufacturing processprocess
uml Hot extrusion (900degC)uml Hot rolling (900degC)uml Cold rollinguml Drawing to wire
Fine wire drawingFinal annealing
Training process Optional process- Crimping- Co-extrusion- shaping
Melting Intermediate processsteps
Final testing
SSM
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Alloys SAESShape Memory Alloys SAESA unique product offer
uml vertically integrated production (from ingot towire) offering better quality control and productoffering better quality control and productmixmix flexibilityflexibility
uml research and development orientation implyingimplyingdeep and better understanding of material anddeep and better understanding of material andprovideprovide engineeringengineering supportsupport
uml quality system and global presence being abeing abetter assurance for industrialbetter assurance for industrial applicationsapplicationsThe SMA production line in 2008 will be ISO TSqualified
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
Martensite
0 20 40 60 80 100
0
02
04
06
08
1
AfMs
AsMf
Riscaldam
en to
T [degC]
Raf
fred
dam
ento
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20
Tamb
CICLO ISTERESI
ShapeShape MemoryMemory ampamp SuperelasticSuperelastic effecteffect
w e support your innovat ion
Stress
Cool
HeatTwo-Way Memory
(thermal)
Superelasticity(isothermal)
One-Way Memory
ShapeShape MemoryMemory EffectsEffects
w e support your innovat ion
Heating
Cooling
MartensiticStructure
AusteniticStructure
MicropicturesMicropictures ofof martensiticmartensitictransformationtransformation
w e support your innovat ion
SMA Industrial Business AreaSMA Industrial Business AreaThe missionThe mission
Since Jan 08 Saes has been the worldwide leader in supplyingSMA alloys for medical applications
The Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Industrial BA mission is todevelop manufacture and market TiNi components (egwires springshellip) ldquotrainedrdquo for industrial applications with100 quality controlled
The BA targets to become market leader in the supply of SMAcomponents for large volume industrial applications in 2008
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory AlloysShape Memory Alloysfor innovative microfor innovative micro--actuatorsactuators
Few centimeter of shape memory wirecan replace bulky electromagnetic actuators
CurrentEM actuator
Shape memory actuator
Main advantages
bull Compactness and flexibilitybull Reduced costsbull Direct linear or angular movementbull High reliabilitybull Noiseless operationbull Work in ldquoharsh environmentrdquobull No EMI
Shape memory ElectromagneticActuation stroke 4 - 6 mm 6 - 8 mmActuation Force 60 N 35 NActuation time lt 02 s lt 05 sOperating temperature -30 degC divide + 80degC -30 degC divide + 80degCLife cycles gt 200000 gt 50000Actuator volume 1 cm3 60 cm3
Actuator weight 1 g 75 gOperating voltage 12 V DC 12 V DC
Linear actuator (typ performances)
w e support your innovat ion
SaesSaes GroupGroup SMASMA industrialindustrial sitessites
Saes Smart Materials IncNew HartfordAlloy development andmanufacturingWorldwide leader in medical andindustrial semifinished products
- Saes Getters Spa Lainate (IT)(Group Headquarter)Research facilities andcomponents developmentSmarflex pilot line
- Saes Advanced TechnologiesAvezzano (IT)Smartflex manufacturing line
Memory Metalle Gmbh (DE)(50 owned company)Components development in medical andindustrial applications
w e support your innovat ion
VerticalVertical integratedintegratedmanufacturingmanufacturing processprocess
uml Hot extrusion (900degC)uml Hot rolling (900degC)uml Cold rollinguml Drawing to wire
Fine wire drawingFinal annealing
Training process Optional process- Crimping- Co-extrusion- shaping
Melting Intermediate processsteps
Final testing
SSM
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Alloys SAESShape Memory Alloys SAESA unique product offer
uml vertically integrated production (from ingot towire) offering better quality control and productoffering better quality control and productmixmix flexibilityflexibility
uml research and development orientation implyingimplyingdeep and better understanding of material anddeep and better understanding of material andprovideprovide engineeringengineering supportsupport
uml quality system and global presence being abeing abetter assurance for industrialbetter assurance for industrial applicationsapplicationsThe SMA production line in 2008 will be ISO TSqualified
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
Stress
Cool
HeatTwo-Way Memory
(thermal)
Superelasticity(isothermal)
One-Way Memory
ShapeShape MemoryMemory EffectsEffects
w e support your innovat ion
Heating
Cooling
MartensiticStructure
AusteniticStructure
MicropicturesMicropictures ofof martensiticmartensitictransformationtransformation
w e support your innovat ion
SMA Industrial Business AreaSMA Industrial Business AreaThe missionThe mission
Since Jan 08 Saes has been the worldwide leader in supplyingSMA alloys for medical applications
The Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Industrial BA mission is todevelop manufacture and market TiNi components (egwires springshellip) ldquotrainedrdquo for industrial applications with100 quality controlled
The BA targets to become market leader in the supply of SMAcomponents for large volume industrial applications in 2008
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory AlloysShape Memory Alloysfor innovative microfor innovative micro--actuatorsactuators
Few centimeter of shape memory wirecan replace bulky electromagnetic actuators
CurrentEM actuator
Shape memory actuator
Main advantages
bull Compactness and flexibilitybull Reduced costsbull Direct linear or angular movementbull High reliabilitybull Noiseless operationbull Work in ldquoharsh environmentrdquobull No EMI
Shape memory ElectromagneticActuation stroke 4 - 6 mm 6 - 8 mmActuation Force 60 N 35 NActuation time lt 02 s lt 05 sOperating temperature -30 degC divide + 80degC -30 degC divide + 80degCLife cycles gt 200000 gt 50000Actuator volume 1 cm3 60 cm3
Actuator weight 1 g 75 gOperating voltage 12 V DC 12 V DC
Linear actuator (typ performances)
w e support your innovat ion
SaesSaes GroupGroup SMASMA industrialindustrial sitessites
Saes Smart Materials IncNew HartfordAlloy development andmanufacturingWorldwide leader in medical andindustrial semifinished products
- Saes Getters Spa Lainate (IT)(Group Headquarter)Research facilities andcomponents developmentSmarflex pilot line
- Saes Advanced TechnologiesAvezzano (IT)Smartflex manufacturing line
Memory Metalle Gmbh (DE)(50 owned company)Components development in medical andindustrial applications
w e support your innovat ion
VerticalVertical integratedintegratedmanufacturingmanufacturing processprocess
uml Hot extrusion (900degC)uml Hot rolling (900degC)uml Cold rollinguml Drawing to wire
Fine wire drawingFinal annealing
Training process Optional process- Crimping- Co-extrusion- shaping
Melting Intermediate processsteps
Final testing
SSM
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Alloys SAESShape Memory Alloys SAESA unique product offer
uml vertically integrated production (from ingot towire) offering better quality control and productoffering better quality control and productmixmix flexibilityflexibility
uml research and development orientation implyingimplyingdeep and better understanding of material anddeep and better understanding of material andprovideprovide engineeringengineering supportsupport
uml quality system and global presence being abeing abetter assurance for industrialbetter assurance for industrial applicationsapplicationsThe SMA production line in 2008 will be ISO TSqualified
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
Heating
Cooling
MartensiticStructure
AusteniticStructure
MicropicturesMicropictures ofof martensiticmartensitictransformationtransformation
w e support your innovat ion
SMA Industrial Business AreaSMA Industrial Business AreaThe missionThe mission
Since Jan 08 Saes has been the worldwide leader in supplyingSMA alloys for medical applications
The Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Industrial BA mission is todevelop manufacture and market TiNi components (egwires springshellip) ldquotrainedrdquo for industrial applications with100 quality controlled
The BA targets to become market leader in the supply of SMAcomponents for large volume industrial applications in 2008
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory AlloysShape Memory Alloysfor innovative microfor innovative micro--actuatorsactuators
Few centimeter of shape memory wirecan replace bulky electromagnetic actuators
CurrentEM actuator
Shape memory actuator
Main advantages
bull Compactness and flexibilitybull Reduced costsbull Direct linear or angular movementbull High reliabilitybull Noiseless operationbull Work in ldquoharsh environmentrdquobull No EMI
Shape memory ElectromagneticActuation stroke 4 - 6 mm 6 - 8 mmActuation Force 60 N 35 NActuation time lt 02 s lt 05 sOperating temperature -30 degC divide + 80degC -30 degC divide + 80degCLife cycles gt 200000 gt 50000Actuator volume 1 cm3 60 cm3
Actuator weight 1 g 75 gOperating voltage 12 V DC 12 V DC
Linear actuator (typ performances)
w e support your innovat ion
SaesSaes GroupGroup SMASMA industrialindustrial sitessites
Saes Smart Materials IncNew HartfordAlloy development andmanufacturingWorldwide leader in medical andindustrial semifinished products
- Saes Getters Spa Lainate (IT)(Group Headquarter)Research facilities andcomponents developmentSmarflex pilot line
- Saes Advanced TechnologiesAvezzano (IT)Smartflex manufacturing line
Memory Metalle Gmbh (DE)(50 owned company)Components development in medical andindustrial applications
w e support your innovat ion
VerticalVertical integratedintegratedmanufacturingmanufacturing processprocess
uml Hot extrusion (900degC)uml Hot rolling (900degC)uml Cold rollinguml Drawing to wire
Fine wire drawingFinal annealing
Training process Optional process- Crimping- Co-extrusion- shaping
Melting Intermediate processsteps
Final testing
SSM
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Alloys SAESShape Memory Alloys SAESA unique product offer
uml vertically integrated production (from ingot towire) offering better quality control and productoffering better quality control and productmixmix flexibilityflexibility
uml research and development orientation implyingimplyingdeep and better understanding of material anddeep and better understanding of material andprovideprovide engineeringengineering supportsupport
uml quality system and global presence being abeing abetter assurance for industrialbetter assurance for industrial applicationsapplicationsThe SMA production line in 2008 will be ISO TSqualified
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SMA Industrial Business AreaSMA Industrial Business AreaThe missionThe mission
Since Jan 08 Saes has been the worldwide leader in supplyingSMA alloys for medical applications
The Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Industrial BA mission is todevelop manufacture and market TiNi components (egwires springshellip) ldquotrainedrdquo for industrial applications with100 quality controlled
The BA targets to become market leader in the supply of SMAcomponents for large volume industrial applications in 2008
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory AlloysShape Memory Alloysfor innovative microfor innovative micro--actuatorsactuators
Few centimeter of shape memory wirecan replace bulky electromagnetic actuators
CurrentEM actuator
Shape memory actuator
Main advantages
bull Compactness and flexibilitybull Reduced costsbull Direct linear or angular movementbull High reliabilitybull Noiseless operationbull Work in ldquoharsh environmentrdquobull No EMI
Shape memory ElectromagneticActuation stroke 4 - 6 mm 6 - 8 mmActuation Force 60 N 35 NActuation time lt 02 s lt 05 sOperating temperature -30 degC divide + 80degC -30 degC divide + 80degCLife cycles gt 200000 gt 50000Actuator volume 1 cm3 60 cm3
Actuator weight 1 g 75 gOperating voltage 12 V DC 12 V DC
Linear actuator (typ performances)
w e support your innovat ion
SaesSaes GroupGroup SMASMA industrialindustrial sitessites
Saes Smart Materials IncNew HartfordAlloy development andmanufacturingWorldwide leader in medical andindustrial semifinished products
- Saes Getters Spa Lainate (IT)(Group Headquarter)Research facilities andcomponents developmentSmarflex pilot line
- Saes Advanced TechnologiesAvezzano (IT)Smartflex manufacturing line
Memory Metalle Gmbh (DE)(50 owned company)Components development in medical andindustrial applications
w e support your innovat ion
VerticalVertical integratedintegratedmanufacturingmanufacturing processprocess
uml Hot extrusion (900degC)uml Hot rolling (900degC)uml Cold rollinguml Drawing to wire
Fine wire drawingFinal annealing
Training process Optional process- Crimping- Co-extrusion- shaping
Melting Intermediate processsteps
Final testing
SSM
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Alloys SAESShape Memory Alloys SAESA unique product offer
uml vertically integrated production (from ingot towire) offering better quality control and productoffering better quality control and productmixmix flexibilityflexibility
uml research and development orientation implyingimplyingdeep and better understanding of material anddeep and better understanding of material andprovideprovide engineeringengineering supportsupport
uml quality system and global presence being abeing abetter assurance for industrialbetter assurance for industrial applicationsapplicationsThe SMA production line in 2008 will be ISO TSqualified
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory AlloysShape Memory Alloysfor innovative microfor innovative micro--actuatorsactuators
Few centimeter of shape memory wirecan replace bulky electromagnetic actuators
CurrentEM actuator
Shape memory actuator
Main advantages
bull Compactness and flexibilitybull Reduced costsbull Direct linear or angular movementbull High reliabilitybull Noiseless operationbull Work in ldquoharsh environmentrdquobull No EMI
Shape memory ElectromagneticActuation stroke 4 - 6 mm 6 - 8 mmActuation Force 60 N 35 NActuation time lt 02 s lt 05 sOperating temperature -30 degC divide + 80degC -30 degC divide + 80degCLife cycles gt 200000 gt 50000Actuator volume 1 cm3 60 cm3
Actuator weight 1 g 75 gOperating voltage 12 V DC 12 V DC
Linear actuator (typ performances)
w e support your innovat ion
SaesSaes GroupGroup SMASMA industrialindustrial sitessites
Saes Smart Materials IncNew HartfordAlloy development andmanufacturingWorldwide leader in medical andindustrial semifinished products
- Saes Getters Spa Lainate (IT)(Group Headquarter)Research facilities andcomponents developmentSmarflex pilot line
- Saes Advanced TechnologiesAvezzano (IT)Smartflex manufacturing line
Memory Metalle Gmbh (DE)(50 owned company)Components development in medical andindustrial applications
w e support your innovat ion
VerticalVertical integratedintegratedmanufacturingmanufacturing processprocess
uml Hot extrusion (900degC)uml Hot rolling (900degC)uml Cold rollinguml Drawing to wire
Fine wire drawingFinal annealing
Training process Optional process- Crimping- Co-extrusion- shaping
Melting Intermediate processsteps
Final testing
SSM
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Alloys SAESShape Memory Alloys SAESA unique product offer
uml vertically integrated production (from ingot towire) offering better quality control and productoffering better quality control and productmixmix flexibilityflexibility
uml research and development orientation implyingimplyingdeep and better understanding of material anddeep and better understanding of material andprovideprovide engineeringengineering supportsupport
uml quality system and global presence being abeing abetter assurance for industrialbetter assurance for industrial applicationsapplicationsThe SMA production line in 2008 will be ISO TSqualified
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SaesSaes GroupGroup SMASMA industrialindustrial sitessites
Saes Smart Materials IncNew HartfordAlloy development andmanufacturingWorldwide leader in medical andindustrial semifinished products
- Saes Getters Spa Lainate (IT)(Group Headquarter)Research facilities andcomponents developmentSmarflex pilot line
- Saes Advanced TechnologiesAvezzano (IT)Smartflex manufacturing line
Memory Metalle Gmbh (DE)(50 owned company)Components development in medical andindustrial applications
w e support your innovat ion
VerticalVertical integratedintegratedmanufacturingmanufacturing processprocess
uml Hot extrusion (900degC)uml Hot rolling (900degC)uml Cold rollinguml Drawing to wire
Fine wire drawingFinal annealing
Training process Optional process- Crimping- Co-extrusion- shaping
Melting Intermediate processsteps
Final testing
SSM
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Alloys SAESShape Memory Alloys SAESA unique product offer
uml vertically integrated production (from ingot towire) offering better quality control and productoffering better quality control and productmixmix flexibilityflexibility
uml research and development orientation implyingimplyingdeep and better understanding of material anddeep and better understanding of material andprovideprovide engineeringengineering supportsupport
uml quality system and global presence being abeing abetter assurance for industrialbetter assurance for industrial applicationsapplicationsThe SMA production line in 2008 will be ISO TSqualified
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
VerticalVertical integratedintegratedmanufacturingmanufacturing processprocess
uml Hot extrusion (900degC)uml Hot rolling (900degC)uml Cold rollinguml Drawing to wire
Fine wire drawingFinal annealing
Training process Optional process- Crimping- Co-extrusion- shaping
Melting Intermediate processsteps
Final testing
SSM
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Alloys SAESShape Memory Alloys SAESA unique product offer
uml vertically integrated production (from ingot towire) offering better quality control and productoffering better quality control and productmixmix flexibilityflexibility
uml research and development orientation implyingimplyingdeep and better understanding of material anddeep and better understanding of material andprovideprovide engineeringengineering supportsupport
uml quality system and global presence being abeing abetter assurance for industrialbetter assurance for industrial applicationsapplicationsThe SMA production line in 2008 will be ISO TSqualified
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Alloys SAESShape Memory Alloys SAESA unique product offer
uml vertically integrated production (from ingot towire) offering better quality control and productoffering better quality control and productmixmix flexibilityflexibility
uml research and development orientation implyingimplyingdeep and better understanding of material anddeep and better understanding of material andprovideprovide engineeringengineering supportsupport
uml quality system and global presence being abeing abetter assurance for industrialbetter assurance for industrial applicationsapplicationsThe SMA production line in 2008 will be ISO TSqualified
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexreg wire
A new smart solution foryour actuators
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg WiresWiresSMARTFLEXSMARTFLEX
is a 100 quality controlledis a 100 quality controlledSM wire for actuatorsSM wire for actuators
Main characteristics
- Diameter from 20 to 500 microm
- Transformation temperatures 10 ndash 100 degC
- Maximum stroke 50
- Force150MPa from 5 g to 3 Kg
- Lifetime gt 1000000 cycles(under controlled conditions)
- Shaping Coil springs torsion wires
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Some ApplicationsSome Applications
AutomotiveAutomotivebull Latches and closuresbull Mirrorsbull Dashboard actuatorsbull Seats actuatorsbull HVAC actuators
Consumer electronicsConsumer electronicsbull Latch mechanismsbull Flip mechanismsbull Autofocusbull Lens coverbull Shutters
AppliancesAppliancesbull Latches and closuresbull Valvesbull Thermo-actuatorsbull Water mixingbull Dampers
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
Shape Memory Effect for ActuationShape Memory Effect for ActuationI
Fx
AumlxFFxx == oacuteoacutexx AA
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
45
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time [sec]
Dis
plac
emen
t[
]
0
02
04
06
08
1
12
Cur
rent
[A]
Contraction
Elongation
Switch-off Switch-on
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
0 50 100 150 200Temperature degC
Wir
eco
ntra
ctio
n
Smartflex 76
Smartflex 05
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash hysteresyshysteresys curvecurve
The curve shows a typical hysteresys cicle of 05 mm and 76 microm Smartflex wiresIn the Smartflex wire the diameter does not affect the thermo-mechanical characteristics
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash transformationtransformationtemperaturestemperatures
Hysteresys curve moves towards higher temperaturesby increasing the applied stress in the wire
0
100
200
300
400
500
40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature [degC]
Stre
ss[M
Pa]
AsAfMsMf
deg
=C
MPadTd 28σ
AsMf
Ms Af
Transformation temperature of a SmartFlex High temperature wire
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
050 mm040 mm030 mm020 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg -- Actuation TimeActuation Time
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1
Current (A)
Act
uatio
nTi
me
(s)
015 mm010 mm0076 mm0027 mm
Constant load 200Constant load 200 MPaMPaConstant Stroke 35Constant Stroke 35
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SmartflexSmartflexregreg NiTiNiTi wirewire ndashndash fatiguefatiguebehaviourbehaviour
Life cycles depend on a stress-strain trade-offTo increase the strain in the wire means to decrease the stress
to acheive the same fatigue life
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SmartFlexSmartFlexregreg 7676 micromicromm -- FatigueFatigue testtestSMARTFLEX wire performs more than 1 million of cycles
at 1 of stroke and 350 MPa of stress
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
Some Possible Actuation MechanismsSome Possible Actuation Mechanismsof a SMA Tension Wireof a SMA Tension Wire
F
s
F
s
F
s ss
F
FSMA
FWeight
FSMAFSpring
FSMAFWeight
FSMA2
FSMA1
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
SMASMA PinballPinball ndashndash actuatorsactuators detailsdetails
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
w e support your innovat ion
ExcellentCorrosion resistance
80 microΩ cm (M) 100 microΩ cm (A)Electrical resistivity
1310degCMelting point
1500 (cold worked) MPaBreaking load
28 divide 41 GPa (Martensite) 83 GPa (Austenite)Elastic modulus
645 gcm3Bulk density
15 - 30degCThermal hysteresis
8 (1 cycle) 6 (102 cycles) 4 (105 cycles)Transformation strain
-200 divide 100degCTransition T
NiTiNiTi physicalphysical propertiesproperties at aat a glanceglance
