TAGDUDA TAZZAYRIT TAMAGDAYT TA£ERFANTA£LIF N USEDWEL A£ELNAW

Adlis-iw n tmazi$t

Aseggas wis 44n Ulmud Alemmas

adlis-iw n tmazi$tImeskaren

- Muhub ËERRUC

- Aεli LEWNIS- Remvan ΣACUR

Unu$en : BELQASEM ËÊasan akked Lwiza Lêusin

Asmugen d umday : Massa Koual Ouahiba Isem n temsiwt : MEBANI

Office National des Publications ScolairesONPS

2006

444444444444444444444AdAdAdAdlis-iw Adlis-iw lis-iw lis-iw lis-iw lis-iw n tmazin tmazin tmazin tmazi$n tmazi$$$$$t$ttttt

MS: 1011 / 06

ISBN: 9947-20-467-7 ����Dépôt légal 236 - 2006 �������� ������ ���

2010� 2011

adlis-iw n

tmazi$tas÷ggas wis n ulmud al÷mmas

4

TAZWART

Ha-t-an, ihi, temmed taffa. Annar, igar-d, la yetterwat. Leεtab n waîas n yiseggasen

d waîas n tsutwin, la iteffe$ $er tafat. Ivelli kan, alama yeôwa uselmad timêerêar ara

d-yaf avris ara yesselmed. Ass-a, aql-a$ newwev $er udlis n Useggas wis Rebεa n ulmud

Alemmas. Di yal adlis, ama d wa, ama d wid i t-izwaren, llan yivrisen n t$uri, llan yirmad

n tira, llant temsirin n tutlayt... ayagi, ad d-imel belli « win iteddun $ef tidet yessawav ».

Adlis-agi, am wid i t-izwaren yebna $ef tesnedwelt s usenfar ; yegber timussniwin ara

yefken i unelmad ayen swayes ara iqeîîeb ugar tal$iwin n yinaw. Isenfaren, llan sin:

amezwaru, d tira n tullist; ma d wis sin d tas$unt tamugilt n yivrisen imesfukal. Xas

akken yella uzraw n wullis deg yidlisen uqbel wa, nu$al $ur-s tikkelt niven. Ay$er?

Tamezwarut, acku yella wayen yeεnan ullis mazal ur yettwaxdem ara: tewwi-d ad yissin

unelmad iberdan i yeîîafar unallas mi ara d-iêekku. Tis snat, tullist, tezmer ad d-teslal

leêmala n t$uri $er unelmad. Tin yernan $ur-s, tullist d yiwet n tewsit n tsekla ara yilin

d azeîîa gar tmacahut d wungal. Amek? Tal$a-s, am tin n tmacahut ur $ezzifet ara mliê,

maca taêkayt-is maççi d tamakunt, tcuba $er tilawt am tin n wungal.

Ma d asfukel, d tikkelt tamezwarut ara éren yinelmaden nne$ amek yeddes d wamek

iteddu. Snat n tgezmin ideg yella usfukel: tamezwarut llan deg-s yivrisen at-snat n

turdiwin ( turda d tmeglurda), tis snat d ivrisen ideg tella kan yiwet n turda.

Di yal tagzemt, ad tafem:� Sin yivrisen n yiwen wanaw.� Amawal.� Tajerrumt: tamsirt d yilu$ma.� Taseftit: tamsirt d yilu$ma.� Tirawalt: tamsirt d yilu$ma.� Asefru.

Asebter-nni « d nekk ara yarun » ideg ttilin yilu$ma n usenfali s tira, ulac-it tikkelt-a,

maca yella urmud n ufares s tira, yeîîafar-d avris wis sin n tegzemt. Isefra i d-yeddan

deg udlis-a, ahat, llan kra seg-sen d at-uswir yekkan cwiî nnig tezmert n yinelmaden. Si

tama niven, di leεmer-agi nsen, d inubiyen, d tinubiyin, ad êwioen kra n tirga d cwiî n

yijeooigen, ur ten-nkebbel ara kan di tmedyazt n umennu$. £ef waya, yezmer uselmad ad

d-yefren isefra niven ma yeb$a. Acku ilaq ad tawev tutlayt-agi nne$ ad tekcem $er akk

ta$ulin n tudert. Ad nekkes yir tannumi i as-id-yerran leêdada d amnaô. Ad tfel akkin i

yifergan i as-id-gan leqrun.Imeskaren

AGBUR

Asenfar Agatu Tagzemt Ivrisen

01

Tira n tullist tameéyant

Sb : 05

1- Tamettant n umeddakkel sb :8- Tu$alin sb :14Asefru: D acu-tt ? D acu-tt? sb : 16

2- Meqqran, teçça-t tizi sb :18- Aêeddad n Lqalus sb :24Asefru: Aêeddad n Lqalus sb :26

3- Tigzirt n Tafukt sb :28- Gelden sb :34Asefru: Asmi sb :36

4Inebgi n tmara sb :38- Amnafeq sb :44Asefru: Ëmed Umerri sb :46

5- Ya$mur yeb$a ad yesqirr Ireg sb :48

- Ireg yexdeε sb :54Asefru: Din-din sb :56

6- Mi d-yu$al Gelden sb :58- Nnif aseîîaf sb :64Asefru: Ameêbus-iw sb :66

02 Sb : 61

7- Yuker, êedre$; yeggul, umne$ sb :70- Tifina$ sb :76Asefru: Imazi$en sb :79

8 - Öadyu d yidlisen sb :80 - Tira d umaru sb :86 Asefru: Abernus amellal sb :88

AGBUR

Iferdisen n tutlayt Afares s tira Aktazal

Tajerrumt : Addad : tal$a d twuri sb :11Taseftit : Aswa$ sb :12Tirawalt : Tamsertit : d+t (d taqcict)d+t( d tmellalt) sb :13

Afares n uvris anda anallas ad yili d agensay

Ad ktazle$ iman-iw

sb : 60

Tajerrumt : Imattaren sb :21Taseftit : Attwa$ sb :22Tirawalt: Tamsertit :ad d-t [ ad d-awi][ a d-yas…] sb :23

Afares n uvris anda anallas ad yili d az$aray

Tajerrumt: Anammal n usentel sb :30Taseftit : Amya$ sb :31Tirawalt: Tamsertit :n + w - n + yn + r / l / f sb :32

Beddu n usenfar :Tira n tegnit tamezwarut n

tullist

Tajerrumt:Tibawt sb :41Taseftit: Tal$a tasuddimt tuddist sb :42Tirawalt: Tamsertit :deg / $ef / $er … + isem sb :43

Afares n uvris s tguri n udiwenni

Tajerrumt:Tafyirt tumyigt sb :51Taseftit: Azalen n wurmir s « ad » sb :52Tirawalt: Tizdit : isem d uwsil-is sb :53

Afares n wullis s tguri n tigawin d

ukras n taluft

Tajerrumt: Asemgired gar t$uni d usagel (mi ulac tis$unin) sb :61Taseftit: Izri yezwaren sb :62Tirawalt: Tizdit : amyag d uwsil-is + tizel$iwin n tnila sb :63

Afares n taggara n tullist

Tajerrumt: Tis$unin n usagel sb :73Taseftit: Imal yezwaren sb :74Tirawalt: Tizdit gar tenze$t d uwsil-is sb :75

Afares n uvris imesfukel ideg ara tili turda d

tmeglurda Ad ktazle$ iman-iw

Sb : 80Tajerrumt: Tis$unin n t$uni sb :83

Taseftit: Tafelwit n tseftit sb :84Tirawalt: Tizdit sb :85

Afares n uvris imesfukel ideg ad

ilint turdiwin

Ase

nfar

1u

Asenfar 1Tira n tullist tameéyant i useb$er n temkarvit n u$erbaz.

Tigezmin n usenfar:1. Tira n uvris ullis ideg anallas d az$aray.2. Tira n uvris ullis ideg anallas d agensay.3. Tira n tegnit tamezwarut n tullist4. Tira n tigawin d udiwenni di tullist.5. Tira n tmukrist di tullist. 6. Tira n taggara n tullist

TagzemtAsefled/ta$uri n

yivrisenIgburen n tutlayt Afares s tira

1

Avris: Tamettant n umeddakkel sb : 8- Tu$alin sb :14Asefru: d acu-tt ? D acu-tt?sb :16

Tajerrumt: addad: tal$a d twuri sb :11Taseftit: aswa$ sb :12Tirawalt: tamsertit: d+t (d taqcict)d+t( d tmellalt) sb :13

Afares n uvris anda anallas ad yili d agensay

2

- Meqqran, teçça-t tizi sb :18- Aêeddad n Lqalus sb :24Asefru: Aêeddad n Lqalus sb :26

Tajerrumt: imattaren sb :21Taseftit: attwa$ sb :22Tirawalt: tamsertit:ad d-t [ ad d-awi][ a d-yas…] sb :23

Afares n uvris anda anallas ad yili d az$aray

3

- Tigzirt n Tafukt sb :28- Gelden sb :34Asefru: Asmi sb :36

Tajerrumt: anammal n usentel sb :30Taseftit: amya$ sb :31Tirawalt: tamsertit :n + wn + yn + r / l / f sb :32

Beddu n usenfar :Tira n tegnit tamezwarut n tullist

4 - Inebgi n tmara sb :38Asefru: Ëmed Umerri sb :46

Tajerrumt:tibawt sb :41Taseftit:Tal$a tasuddimt tuddist sb :42Tirawalt: tamsertit :deg / $ef / $er … + isem sb :43

Afares n uvris s tguri n udiwenni

5

- Ya$mur yeb$a ad yesqirr Ireg sb :48

- Ireg yexdeε sb :54Asefru: Din-din sb :56

Tajerrumt: tafyirt sb :51Taseftit: Azalen n wurmir s « ad » sb :52 Tirawalt: tizdit : isem d uwsil-is sb :53

Afares n wullis s tguri n tigawin d ukras n taluft

6

- Mi d-yu$al Gelden sb :58- Nnif aseîîaf sb :64Asefru: Ameêbus-iw sb :66

Tajerrumt: asemgired gar t$uni d usagel sb :61Taseftit: Izri yezwaren sb :62Tirawalt: tizdit : amyag d uwsil-is + tizel$iwin n tnila sb :63

Afares n taggara n tullist

11

Nuéa nekk d umejjay-nni $er tzeqqa ideg yella Muê. Afrag yeççur d imdanen, zedren di tsusmi. Sin ne$ tlata kan i d-irefden s wallen walan-d amejjay mi yezri. Yenna-yi-d Mass Nikuzya : « Waqila dayen lamana tewwev bab-is”.

£er tama n wussu i$ef yevleq Muê; baba, yessader i ta$ect-is, yettcehhid-as . Yemma teqqim $er tama-s, ivudan-is tturaren s tεeqqucin n ttesbiê. Ma d Σezzi, tameîîut-iw, tesnexfat kan. Baba, isnemmer aîas amejjay-nni. Yu$al yezzi-d $ur-i : « Ad tεeddiv ad teççev imekli keçç d umejjay, imir ad iddu yid-s umeksa-ina amecîuê. Ma d keçç ha-t-an userdun, îîef abrid-ik $er At-Buwaddu, ad d-tawiv yemma-s n Muê. Meqqar ma dagi ara yemvel, ad téer mmi-s tikkelt taneggarut.”

Mulud MΣEMMRI : Tawrirt ittwattun; d tasuqilt

Ad nnadi $ef unamek n uvris

å Acu-t wanaw n uvris-agi ?

ç Acu i t-id-yemmalen ?

é Anallas n uvris-a, d awadem ne$ xaîi ?

è Acu i iruê ad d-yawi Meqran i Muê ?

ê Acu$er si lebεid i as-t-id-wwin yerna armi icax deg-s waîîan ?

ë Melmi tevra tedyant-agi ?

í Acu i d-yemmal yisem n umejjay Nikuzya ?

ì Acu$er yugi ad d-yeddu umejjay di tazwara ?

î Ayen qqimen yiberdan n taddart d ilmawen ?

ï Acu n tenfaliyin i d-yesskanen takat n Meqran teêzen ?

Suffe$-d si tseddart taneggarut awalen ne$ tifyar i d-yesskanen leêzen n takat n

Meqran $ef tmettant n Muê.

Acu i d anamek n tefyirt : ass-nni i as-teççur i umeddakkel-iw Muê ?

Nadi deg uvris tekksev-d tafyirt niven yesεan anamek aluman ?

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£er imedyaten-a1. Yudef-it waîîan. 5. Allen-is qqersent seg yimeîîi.2. Yugi umejjay ad d-iddu. 6. Tezde$-it tsusmi3. S kra i d-nelêa deg ubrid netta yezxuxem kan. 7. Ha-t-an userdun.4. Yettgesmumuv $ef tewwurt.

� D acu-ten wawalen-ina yuran s uzegga$ ?�• D acu-t waddad n yal yiwen, d ilelli ne$ d amaruz ?�• D acu i d-yeskanen addad n yal yiwen?� Af-d addad ilelli n yal yiwen tiniv-d amek yule$ waddad amaruz ines.� D acu i d tawuri n yal yiwen deg yismawen yettuderren?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Af-d anwa i d ilelli anwa i d amaruz deg yismawen-agi: udrar, adfel, ubruri, wuccen, tefsut, tasga, tagrest, tmeddit, izem, yidles.

Efk-d amaruz n yal yiwen deg yismawen-a, tiniv-d amek yule$: afus, amdan, tamtunt, i$isi, im$aren, tafawet.

Af-d tawuri n yal awal yettuderren :� Iwwet-d ubruri, yessa-d i udfel.� Yerza $er wayla-s, yufa-d timellalin n tsekkurt.

Addad n yisem : tal$a d twuri

Isem yesεa sin waddaden : addad ilelli (md : axxam) d waddad amaruz ( md : uxxam). Amek yettale$ umaruz ? Yettale$ :

� S ubeddel n [a] s [u] : abrid ubrid ( xas ma neqqar-d webrid)� S tmerna n [w] : awal ®® wawal, udem ®® wudem.� S tmerna n [y] : iles ®® yiles, imensi ®® yimensi (deg umeslay ulac amaruz n yimensi).� S u$elluy n te$ri tamezwarut : tameîîut ®® tmeîîut, tamurt ®® tmurt.� S ubeddel n te$ri [a] ne$ [i] s [e] : taqcict ®® teqcict, tislatin ®® teslatin.

�����Gret tamawt:1. Llan yismawen ideg ur d-yettban ara waddad amaruz : wid ibeddun s tergalt ( fad, laé, beîîu, loib, lqima…) , kra n wuntiyen iwezzlanen : (tama, tala, timmi, tasa…)2. Ad nettaru : yirgazen, yimdanen xas neqqar-d yergazen, yemdanen.Melmi yettili yisem d amaruz ? Isem yettili d amaruz mi ara yili d asemmad imsegzi, ama d asemmad n umeskar : (yedda uqcic), ama d asemmad n use$ru arumyig ( d uêric uqcic-a). Yettili da$ d amaruz mi ara yevfer tanze$t ama d asemmad s tenze$t ( iffe$ $er uza$ar) ama d asemmad n yisem (yewwi tasarut n tewwurt).

Tajerrumt

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£er imedyaten-a1. Tedda d tislit, ilindi.2. Tedda d teslit, ilindi.3. Tekker gar tem$art d teslit

� Anida yemgarad ususru $ef tira di tefyar-a ?� Amek i as-neqqar i « d » yellan di yal yiwet di tefyar-a ?� Anwa addad ideg llan yismawen ivefren « d » di yal tafyirt ?� Limer d isem amalay i d-ivefren « d » :

Yeqqim d argaz.Yeqqim d urgaz.

� Yella kra n wugur di lmenîeq ?� D acu, ihi, i d ssebba n yimesli[tt]?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Di tefyar i d-iteddun, derrer « d » n tilawt, s yiwen n ujerriv, derrer tas$unt n t$uni « d » s sin yijerriven, rnu « d » tanze$t, s tlata yijerriven .

�• Lxir d uzzal, ccer d uffal.� Lxir d ccer d atmaten.� Ur keccem ara gar yiccer d uksum.� Yedda d yimeddukkal-is $er unnar n wurar.� Yeçça a$rum d wudi.�• Yedda d t$ezza iseggxen.

Tazabut� D taqettunt i irennun $er taffa.� D kemm i d tigejdit, d tasedda n Tefriqt i Yimazi$en d asirem.� Di tze$wa n zik-nni yettili uddaynin d tkanna.� Tusa-d si tmazirt, teççur-d taqecwalt d tiéurin d tbexsisin.

Tamsertit: d + t

Ilu$ma

Mi ara yemlil « d » (ama d « d » n tilawt « amedya 1u », ama d tanze$t « amedya wis 2 », ama d tas$unt n tuqqna « amedya wis 3 ») akked yisem unti ibeddun s « t », itteffe$-d yimesli [tt], d aya i wumi neqqar tamsertit. Maca xas tella temsertit deg umeslay, di tira ulac-itt, yal asekkil ad ittwaru weêd-s.

Gret tamawt : 1. « d » n tilawt iîîafar-it waddad ilelli ( d axxam, d taddart)2. « d » mi ara yili d tas$unt ne$ d tanze$t yeîîafar-itent waddad amaruz. 3. « d » d tas$unt ma teqqen isem $er yisem niven ( ageffur d ubruri), d tanze$t

ma teqqen asemmad $er umyag ( yedda d warrac).

Tirawalt

]

1

2

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Anallas d awadem

Ad nnadi $ef unamek n uvris

å Acu-t wanaw n uvris-agi ?

ç Acu i t-id-yemmalen ?

é Anallas, d awadem ne$ ala ?

è Yettikki di tedyant ne$ ala ?

ê Anda yettidir umdan-agi ?

ë Anta i d tamurt-is ?

í Acu$er ur t-εqilen ara yimdanen i d-imuggar deg ubrid ?

ì Ayen yekcem s afrag $ef yixef n tfednin am umakar ?

î Amek i iêulfa i leêyuv d isemmaven ?

ï Lêara anda yezde$ texla, anda rran yimezda$-is ? Acu$er yeggumma ad iqerreb ? Acimi yettna$ urgaz-agi d yiman-is, ma ad yekcem ne$ ala ? Acu n tenfaliyin i d-yemmalen aya ? Ayen i yessetêa ad yessiwel i yat uxxam ?

D acu i t-isεewqen ? Acu$er i iêulfa i yiman-is d aberrani ? Ay$er yeggumma ad inamer ôôay-is akken ad yekcem s axxam nsen ? Acu i d-isuven deg uqerruy-is armi yu$al mebla ma yeéra imawlan-is ? Yelha wamek i tt-yefra ne$ ala ? Acu$er ?

Ad cfu$

Asenfali s tira

Kemmel-as i tedyant n uvris-a, anallas ur yettikki ara deg uvris, maççi d awadem. Sugen-d a$rib-nni mi iteddu deg ubrid, yewwev $er ubadad (arrêt) n taddart, îîlam ye$li-d, ulac amesni.

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Win i d-iêekkun (anallas) yezmer ad yili d awadem, ad d-iêku ayen yeéra. Aîas n tmitar i t-id-yemmalen: imataren ...... $, ne$ n ........ , imqimen iwsilen ...... iw (inu), .... nne$,

]

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Ad nnadi $ef unamek n uvris

å Ma nkenna asefru-a $er tewsatin niven n tsekla akka am yinzan, tiqennaé, anta tawsit u$ur yettemcabi?

ç Deg wacu i as-tettemcabi?

é £ef wacu i d-yewwi awal umedyaz deg usefru-agi?

è £er wacu i icuba ayen i$ef i d-yewwi awal?

ê Deg wacu tettemcabi teméi $er tjeooigt akked tmes?

ë Suffe$-d aktawal n tmes seg uvris.

í Acu yeb$a ad t-id-imel yis-s umeskar?

ì Amek yettwali imdanen-agi?

î Acu$er yettwali yileméi imdanen am yizan ?

ï «Anwa ur nettru fell-as»: $ef wacu ttrun?

Acu$er ttrun fell-as? Melmi ttrun fell-as?

Acu tnumek tefyirt « ukin-d fuden ur swin » ?

Acu n wawalen swayes i nezmer ad nessenfel amyag « ukin-d » di tefyirt-agi ?

Amek-itt tmes yu$en deg yixeclawen ?

Ayen i tt-yesserwes $er wayen-nni ?

Acu neîîafar s tmu$li ?

Acu i a$-d-yessken umedyaz deg tefyirt-agi ?

Acu n tmeddit i$ef d-yemmeslay umedyaz dagi?

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Meqran, teçça-t tizi

Akken kan yers cwiî wavu, yebda-d udfel d tilezda timexva. £ellint-d sdat wallen-is amzun d iferîeîîa. Isebbaven-is, ttaklen ibeεεayen d udfel, ttijjiqen amzun akken qqaren-as-id : «Ffel akkin i tizi ». Deg yiwet n tegnit, kra din yu$al d amellal, amzun d ulman imellalen i yessan $ef wakal, yal lxiv sani yerra.Tilezda-nni n udfel, uqbel ad d-awvent $er wakal, ttgent-d unu$en d ifulkayen ; ma d ibruyen n ubruri $ellin-d srid $er wakal. Meqran, iêulfa amzun d kra i as-yennven . Yezzu$ur ivarren-is amzun akken ttwarzen.

Mi yewwev $er tizi, adfel yu$ lêal isenna-tt akken ilaq. Iîij akked lêamu-s yeffer-iten usigna. Si tizi, Meqran iwala flalint-d tuddar sdat wallen-is. Urεad yewwiv udfel $ur-sent. Am warezg nsen wid yellan deg yixxamen nsen, beεden $ef tεeooaot yekkren di tizi.

Avu, yettseffir di tizi. Itezzi am tnifift armi yettel Meqqran deg ubernus-is. Ur d-yekkis ara iman-is armi i as-yenna i Rebbi « D acu i ak-xedme$ ? » Yerra nnefs armi ççurent turin-is. Deg ubrid yettawin d akessar $er lεerc-is, yal iciqer fell-as taddart, ulac tin yewwev udfel. Iwala abbu itteffe$-d seg yixxamen. Xas mazal ur yewwiv ara udfel $ur-sen, asemmiv-is yewwev-iten. D argaz ne$ d tameîîut, ad ilin d tama n lkanun. Ulac ayen yifen i$imi $er lkanun mi d-iteddu udfel . Ad d-heggin ayen ilaqen : timéin, irden, alim, zzit, aser$u… Izgaren, ad ten-qqnen deg uddaynin. Ad stummnen i talwit, ad suggmen ar d-yelhu lêal. Akken kan ara d-$lint tmeççimin timezwura n udfel ad ff$en $er yizenqan yigardan ad uraren, ad cennun :

A Rebbi efk-d ameççim :

2Tagzemt tisAvris&

Anallas az$aray

�����£as akken d adfel, Meqran yeb$a ad yawev $er taddart-is. Imi abrid n ukerrus yergel, yedhem si Tizi n Kwilal.

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Ad neçç, ad neqqim, Ad nefk i yizgaren alim.

Meqran, yeqqar-as deg wul-is : « Am warezg nsen ukessar-ina di tuddar ! » Yessugen-d times tu$ deg user$u ; deg yiv, imdanen zzin-d i lkanun, ttmeslayen : « yenna wagu, yenna wavu ». Yeb$a ad tfakk fell-as lmerta ideg yella, ad d-yaf iman-is gar-asen, ad yexmet di te$mert, ad as-yekkes usgar-nni ihebbjen di tfekka-s. Yeb$a da$en ur isell ara i ta$ect-nni i as-id-yettawi wavu ; tikwal, isell-as tettinéi gar yiéra ; tikwal, amzun tremmeg-d fell-as ; tikwal, ur as-isell ara mliê, yettagar-itt lêess n yisebbaven $ef udfel. Tettsu$u-d ta$ect-nni, teqqar-as-id : « Nekk d tameîîut-ik ».

Yeb$a ad d-yaf iman-is yettemriri$ deg uxxam. Yerfed aqerruy-is, iêulfa-as yewzen aqenîar, imuqel, tikkelt niven, tuddar ideg llan wid yufan iman nsen deg yixxamen nsen, teflali-as-id Tesga $ef yiwet n tewrirt, ur yegmin fell-as. Qrib ur tt-yeεqil ara. Yeldi i$allen-is, igar ti$ri : « A Σezziiii »

Maca ur yesli ara i unina n ta$ect-is. Zi$, imi-s yeqqujjer seg usemmiv, ur yelli kra i d-yeff$en seg-s. Tafekka-s teqqur akk. Ti$ri-s tezder di tsusmi n temlel. Sya $er da yettsuvu-d wavu, yesviqiy-as nnefs, yettruéu tasusmi-nni. Alama i$umm imi-s s ucvav n ubernus-is i yessawav ad yerr nnefs.

Mulud MΣEMMRI, si Tawrirt yettwattun. Tasuqilt : R. Σ

Ad nnadi $ef unamek n uvris

å Acu-t wanaw n uvris-agi?

ç Acu i t-id-yemmalen?

é Anallas, d awadem deg uvris ne$ ala?

è Anta tasemhuyt ideg tevra tedyant-agi ? Acu i tt-id-yesskanen ?

ê Anda yeb$a ad iruê Meqran ?

ë Acu$er yeggumma ad yelêu ?

í Acu yessarem Meqran mi yewwev $er Tizi n Kwilal ?

ì Acimi, zik-nni, medden, ttaggaden adfel ?

î Acu$er igardan êemmlen adfel ?

ï Acu$er d ta$ect n tmeîîut-is kan i wumi isell ? Acu$er yettargu times d yi$imi sdat lkanun ? Acu$er i as-id-yewwi Rebbi isell i ta$ect n tmeîîut-is ? Di taggara, Meqran yettna$ d sin wuguren : acu-ten wuguren-agi ? Acu$er yuggad Meqran tagnit deg i d-ye$li?

Afares s tira

Meqran, asav n Tewrirt Yettwattun, yeb$a ad yu$al $er tmeîîut-is yellan di Tesga. Maca iberdan yettawin $er taddart-is reglen s udfel. Mi d-yebda udfel, Meqran yu$-it lêal di Tizi n Kwilal, $ef tiggit n Jerjer. Sugen-d amek ara tevru yid-s di taggara.

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1. Amyag ers yesεa sin yismawen n tigawt : timersiwt akked tarusi. Ha-ten-a kra n yimyagen yesεan asala$ am ers, wali amek yettale$ yisem n tigawt nsen,

ma am timersiwt ne$ am tarusi : del, gen, éer, mel, sel, en$, els, gar, eré.

2. Wali ma yella wassa$ anamkay gar wawalen yuran s uzuran :

� Adfel isenna-tt.� Yessemnenni iferrugen di îîerêa.� Amnay yettna$ s-ufella n uεudiw.

3. Af-d anwa amyag ukkud yecrek aéar yal isem.Amedya : tanezdu$t zde$.

� Avu .................... �� Ulman ....................� Aser$u ....................� Ibruyen ....................� Abruri ....................

4. Suffe$-d seg umyag ttel, isem n tigawt akked yisem akmam. Amedya: seg umyag zdem ad d-nessuffe$ isem n tigawt azdam akked yisem akmam tazdemt.

5. Suffe$-d seg uvris aktawal n tegrest ( awalen yeqqnen $er tegrest).

6. a- Af-d deg uvris aknaw n wawal tilezda. b- Melmi i qqaren medden tanfalit-a: yerra tilezda i yimeééu$en-is.

Fren yiwet:

� Mi yesεuééeg walebεav, yugi ad isel i kra, ur t-yeqbil ara.� Mi ara d-yewwet udfel $ef walebεav, ur i$umm ara imeééu$en-is.

7. Af-d deg uvris awal i wumi twulem tbadut-a :

� D ûûut n te$ri mi ara d-yettu$al deg umkan yettawin ûûut .

8. Senfel s yiknawen awalen yettuderren�• Yezzu$ur ivarren-is am wakken ttwarzen.� Ad suggmen ar d-yelhu lêal.� Times tu$ deg user$u.�• Ad yexmet di te$mert.� Ur yegmin ara fell-as.

Amawal

23

£er tafyirt-a- Acu te$ram ivelli?

1. D acu-t wanaw n tefyirt-agi? 2. Acu i t-id-Yemmalen?3. Anwa awal swayes tebda?4. Acu i d-yemmal wawal swayes tebda? 5. Amek i as-neqqar?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma Err amattar iwatan deg yilmawen.

Amek , anda, acêal, ayen, sani, anwa, acu, anta, � …… iga uxxam-ina daxel� …… i d-yusan $ur-wen ivelli ?�……. ara tensev ?� ……. ur d-tusiv ara $er tme$ra n gma-k ?� ……. i t-yu$en ugrud-ina mi la yettru ?� …….. i d tamurt-ik ?� …….. i d azal n tkerrust-ina ?� …….. i terriv ?

Semres imattaren-agi di tefyar.

Acu, amek, anwa, anti, acu$er, u$ur, ayen, ukud.

Aql-ik d amsaltu. Efk-d 8 n yisestanen, i unehhar n tkerrust ixedmen tawa$it deg ubrid, $ef lekwa$ev, arured, ideg, tazwara, atg. Semres imattaren iwatan.

Imattaren

Llant snat n tefyar timattarin 1- yiwet s umattar Md: Anwa argaz i d-yusan ? 2-tayev mebla amattar. Md: ad tedduv azekka?Amattar yezmer ad d-yas weêd-s di tazwara n tefyirt. Md: Acu teççiv? Ne$ ad t-id-tezwir « d » n tilawt. D acu i d-yewwi ? ne$ tanze$t « n » . N wacu-ten yidrimen-a ?

Asesten yezmer ad d-yawi : - $ef wadeg: - anda yezde$ ?- $ef wakud: - melmi ara d-yawev ?- $ef t$ara: - amek iga ?- $ef tnekta: - acêal n yidlisen i te$riv ?

Ha- ten-i kra n yimattaren : anwa, anta, anwi, anti, acu, anda, melmi, sani, ay$er, acu$ef, acu$er, acimi, ukud, swayes, u$ur, amek ...

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Tajerrumt

25

£er tafyirt-a

- Mi d-twalam $er îîaq ajajiê n tmes, azzlet-d.

1. Amek i d-ne$ra amyag yettuderren?2. Amek i t-nura ?3. D acu ur d-neddi ara di lmenÎÎÈÈÎîeq, yella di tira?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Ales tira i uvris-agi terrev imyagen $er wudem wis 2 unti asuf .Mi d-uli$ $er taddart win i yi-d-imuggren ad izul fell-i d$a ad yi-d-yessuter axeddim ne$ ma zemre$ ad as-rre$ mmi-s $er lakul.

Tazabut (aselmad ad d-i$er avris s temsertit)

�• Mi ara d-tasev $er taddart, ad ten-id-tawiv yid-m.� Ad d-tekkrev ad twaliv, ad tazzlev ad d-tawiv, ad tqimev ulac. � Azekka ad d-tas ad d-tini ayen twala.� Mi d-teldi imi-s, ad d-teffe$ twizet.� Akken kan i d-temmeslay, εeqqlen-tt d tteryel, rewlen.

Aru-d 5 n tefyar anda ara d-terrev « ad d- t »

Tamsertit: ad d-t

Mi d-temlal tzel$a n tnila « d » d umatar udmawan « t » n wudem wis 2 n wunti n wasuf ne$ win n wudem wis 2 n usget i$elli umatar-agi deg ususru maca tewwi-d ad t-nerr di tiraMd: - Mi d-tusa[mi d-usa]yemma-s, yessawel-a$-d.

- Akken kan i d-ters, [i d-ers] tuffeg.

Tirawalt

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Anallas az$aray

At Mraw akked At Σôus;Aql-i la neooôe$ azduz,Ay At Öebbi get-as afus.

Tu$al s axxam, yenna-as urgaz-is: « Acu i d am-d-yenna ? ». Teêka-as, tεawed-as ifyar i d as-d-yenna uêeddad. Yenna-as: « tettakkev awal i bu-tergin ! ». Tama n Lqalus, tella yiwet n taddart temseεdaw yid-sen, wwven armi qrib i tt-xlan. Iôuê yiwen wass uêeddad $er yimvebbren n taddart-nni, yenna-asen: « Ayen yevran yid-i teéram-t. Tura ma teb$am, ad awen-ssenze$ taddart, ad tt-texlum ». Nnan-as: « Amek ? ». Yenna-asen: « Ilaq taεessast-nwen yal iv ad n-tqareε axxam-iw, mi n-twalam $er îîaq ajajiê n tmes, azzlet-n ».

Yiwen yiv, avu la yessafag iqremyad, medden akk îîsen. Aêeddad yekker, yebda-d i taddart seg yixef. Axxam i$ef iεedda isekkweô-as tawwurt seg beôôa. Yuli $er teεrict n uxxam-is, yeddem-d tadla n yi$lel, yessa$-itt, yesεedda-tt-id si îîaq. Iεdawen walan-d ajajiê mbeεεid, uzzlen-d s leslaê, zzin-d i taddart si yal idis, mekknen-as times. Tendeh armi tewwev s ixxamen imezwura n taddart. Leεyav yekker, win yemm$en $ef tmegêelt, ad iôuê ad d-yeldi tawwurt, yaf-itt tsekkweô si beôôa.A-t-a wakken texla taddart n Lqalus. Mulud MΣEMMRI Seg :Isefra n teqbaylit iqburen, sb 166, 168,170.Ad nnadi $ef unamek n uvris

å Acu-t wanaw n uvris-agi ?

ç D acu i t-id-yemmalen ?

é Anallas, d awadem deg uvris ne$ ala?

è Anda tevra tedyant ?

ê Melmi tevra ?

ë D acu i as-yevran i uêeddad ?

í Ay$er i as-yewwi umesbaîli tameîîut-is ?

ì Amek i yedder uÊêeddad tadyant-agi ?

î Amek i d-yerra ttaô ?

ï Anwa i t-iεawnen ? Acu-ten wafrayen nwen $ef wayen yevran d uêeddad ? Suffe$-d seg uvris, awalen ne$ tifyar i d-yeskanen aêeddad yennu$ni . Acu n uzduz i$ef d-yettmeslay uêeddad deg usefru ines ? Yessemres azduz i$ef i d-yemmeslay ne$ ala?

Afares s tira

Ise$, tirrugza akked lêerma îîfen azal meqqren di tmetti n at zik. Maca di taddart n Lqalus yiwet si tuddar n Leqbayel, s ufus n kra n yiεerraven tettwakkes lêerma i uêeddad n taddart: s cchada n ééur kksen-as tameîîut-is, yu$-itt yiwen, sugnet-d tifrat niven i teêkayt-a .

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1. Kemmel ismawen nivenAgafa

.................... .................... ....................

2. Af-d seg uvris awalen iwatan i tbadutin-a :

� D iberdan n uvar.� D taqabact n leqviε.

3. Yal tafyirt n wadar amezwaru qqen-itt $er unamek-is.

Anamek-isTafyirt Yen$a bnademiεelleq snesla

- Yeqqen snesla di tmegrevt-is- Yettwalas di tmegrevt

4. Tiégi yu$en d: a-) D tiégi ideg im$an d yisekla d imexva. b-) D tiégi yeççuren.

5. Awalen yettuderren di tefyar i d-iteddun kkan-d si tefransist, nessexdam-iten mi ara nettmeslay, maca llan s tmazi$t ; af-iten-id seg uvris

��Yewwev-d dija $er da.� Yeçça a$rum d ufeômaj.

6. Qqen yal awal n wadar amezwaru d wawal i as-iwulmen deg wadar wis sin

TizizwaAqvar

IfraxTajlibt

IzgarenLferg

Izamaren Aglaf

7. Amyag « ddu » d aknaw n umyag « lêu » ; wiss kan ma ulac anda mgaraden ? Ha-tent-a tefyar, af-d anida i tzemrev ad ten-tesxedmev di sin akked wanda i tzemrev ad tesxedmev yiwen, wayev xaîi.

� …………… armi yewwev s axxam.� Ur teîîis ara ssaεa-a, …………… akken ilaq.� Yal ass n loemεa, …………… akked baba-s $er ssuq.� Têemmel-it yemma-s, …………… -as di leb$i.� Mi ara tturaren yilmeéyen n Leqbayel di Tizi-Uzzu d walebεav n trebbaε, iban

ukkud …………… wul-iw.

8. Taqnuét : jebde$ amrar yenhezz udrar. D acu-tt ? d acu-tt ?

Amawal

32

£er imedyaten-a1. Yebna-asen urgaz axxam i warraw-is.2. Argaz, yebna-asen axxam i warraw-is.3. Axxam, yebna-asen-t urgaz i warraw-is.4. Arraw-is, yebna-asen urgaz axxam.5. Arraw-is, axxam, yebna-asen-t urgaz.6. Argaz, arraw-is, yebna-asen axxam.

� Af-d ul n tefyirt tamezwarut, meêsub tafyirt taddayt : ayen ur nezmir ad ittwakkes.� D acu-ten wawalen-ina i d-yernan $er umyag (ul n tefyirt) ?� Serwes tafyirt tamezwarut $er tiyav. D acu i ibeddlen ?� I deg unamek beddlent kra ne$ ala ? ( xas ulama cwiî mavi).� Acu$er i zwaren yismawen-ina ? d acu i d-mmalen?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Af-d inammalen n usentel yellan di tefyar-agi .

� Inebgi, yeçça imensi.� Yeçça yinebgi imensi.�• Imensi, inebgi, yeçça.� Aéru, yettawi-t-id netta.�• Atmaten-is, u$alen-d $er tmurt.�• Akal, fergen-t akk.� Tameddakkelt-is, yuzen-as tijeooigin.

Ha-tent-a tefyar d timagnuyin, err-itent d tifyar ideg ara yili unammal n usentel.

� Ff$en yirgazen $er lexla.� Ur as-ttgen ara azal i tmussni.� Yugar-ik umeddakkel-ik leεmer.� Inoer ufellaê tiregwa i yisekla-s.

Tajerrumt Isem anammal n usentel

Ad cfu$Ad cfu$Anammal n usentel d isem (ne$ ahat sin) ilelli i d-yezgan di tazwara n tefyirt uqbel amyag. D isem-a i a$-id-yemmalen asentel n tefyirt. Win yettmeslayen yemmal-d s uéawan n ta$ect-is belli isem anammal n usentel yesεa azal meqqren deg unamek n tefyirt : imensi, # yeçça.Tettili da$en tesgunfut gar unammal n usentel d yiêricen niven n tefyirt. Di tira, tasgunfut-a, nemmal-itt-id s tefrayt

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£er imedyaten-a1. Tiddukkla nsent, tekkat $ef yizerfan n tmeîîut.2. Ini-asen, ay afrux, i yiêeddaden n wawal.3. Di temεemmert i ye$ra awal n Rebbi.4. Merri$it waman n lebêer.5. Aεlay, ay aéru, ad wali$ tamurt n baba d yemma.6. Ur telhi ara te$zi n yiles.7. Yedda netta d warraw n Malêa.8. Tagi d taqsivt n uêeddad yesser$en taddart.

� Af-d anida tella tenze$t « n ».� Serwes gar lmenîeq d tira.� D tanze$t « n » i yessertayen imesli amezwaru n yisem ne$ d imesli-nni amezwaru i

tt-yessertayen ?� I deg umedya aneggaru, d acu i t-id-yeîîafaren?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Tazabut (aselmad ad d-izubet s temsertit).

� Axxam n tidet, la i$elli, yekcem rekku di llsas-is. � Ccna n Leqbayel wissen anda akka imal.� Asmi tennekbal tmurt s tiggdi n wuzzal. � Yewwev $er teégi n yizmawen.� Ye$li ubelyun $er lqaε n lbir. � Ad tawvev $er yiwet n temdint.� Ileêêu tikli n yifker. � Neooa-awen amkan, a rreêba n yilem.� Iîij n me$res, yessibrik i$ess. � Diri win itetten tidi n uxeddam.

Ha-tent-a tefyar, af-d anida yettili umserti deg umeslay gar tenze$t « n » d yisem.� Yu$-d kilu n ssker akked uqaleb n ssabun. � Iêemmel timucuha n tteryel.� Yewwi yid-s avellaε n rremman. �����Tiqit n waman, tuli s igenni.� Yekcem uvar-is di l$ar n wuccen.

Tamsertit : tanze$t « n » + isemTirawalt

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Ilu$ma

Mi ara temlil tenze$t « n » d kra n yimesla n yismawen i d-irennun $ur-s, ttemyexlaven, d ayagi i wumi qqaren tamsertit :

N + t = [t-t], n + y = [g-g], n + l = [l-l], n + b = [m-b], n + w = [bbw], n + r = [r-r], n + m = [m-m]…

Maca deg umeslay kan i tella temsertit. Di tira, yal imesli ad yettwaru akken yella di laûel-is.Gret tamawt: mi ara temlil tenze$t « n » d wawal ibeddun s « u », d rrwaê i tettruêu tenze$t-nni deg umeslay.

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Ëemmle$ mi ara d-thedrev

Tikwal mi ara yi-d-terûelÊëËemmle$ ad ili$ weêd-iTikwal mi ara yi-d-terûelTtikrihe$ ad ére$ l$aci

Tikwal mi ara yi-d-terûelTettu$-kem ula d kemminiTikwal mi ara yi-d-terûel

Tteεraqe$ anwa i d nekkiniKerhe$ aêemmel

Ëemmle$ wid yecban $ur-iTayri-w xas temvel

Ccfaya, ad iyi-tt-id-tesmekti.

Si Muê.

ØØØ

Ëemmle$ mi ara d-thedrevKra ara d-tiniv ad iyi-iεnuÊËemmle$ mi ara d-tevsevTavsa-m tecbeê d asefruTikwal mi ara d-tevsev

Desse$ ula d nekkiniTikwal mi ara d-tevsevTtêulfu$ s ul-iw yeldi

Awal-im d awal Yenta deg wul Yeggugem yimi

Yeqqel d acallaw Deg yiv kan i d-imeqqi.

ØØØ

Asefru

40

Yiwen wass n ÊÊÊÊêertadem, Gelden yeffe$ netta d tmeîîut-is, rzan $er teégi, ad sfeqden

$ef uqvar nsen. Ireg, yeb$a ad yeddu maca yugi-as baba-s ; tamezwarut, yebεed sani ara

ruêen; tis snat, ilaq ad yili win ara yeqqimen deg uxxam. Wissen kan ma ur ineddem ara

baba-s imi i as-yugi ad yeddu ?

Zrint kra n timar, yeffe$-d Yireg $er berra, yeééiéin i yiîij, yessikkid idurar akked tizzegzewt

i ten-yedlen, yeqqar-as deg wul-is : « Ass n loemεa, ad rzu$ $er temdint, ad d-ççe$ imensi

dinna $er εemmi ». Yeqqim yettargu armi i t-id-yesduqqes ûûut n uεbar. Yekker, yessikkid

metwal luva-nni iseg d-yekka ûûut-nni. Yesla i lewouh niven. Ur-din akka, iwala yiwen urgaz

s tamart, yeqqen tacacit, iselsa-s qqersen, yettazzal-d, yesêuvul, ittsiti $ef tmegêelt-is. Zi$

yuges, yettwet s ugari $er uvar.

Argaz-nni i d-iteddun, zi$, d amnafeq, amkan-is gar yimcumen. Iruê, taggara n yiv,

mi qrib ad yali wass, $er temdint akken ad d-ya$ lbarud, iεter-d deg ubrid-is $ef yimestal.

Iquzem-iten akken yezmer, irewwel seg ucruf $er wayev ; maca xas yerwel maççi s waîas i

yeooa imestal-nni, yerna netta yuges. Yeéra siwa awwav ur yettawev ara $er teégi .

Iwala axxam n Gelden d$a yerra $er dinna. Yewwev, yufa Ireg, yenna-as :

- « Keçç d mmi-s n Gelden ?

- D mmi-s ih.

- Nekk d amnafeq, qqaren-iyi Megdal. Vefren-iyi-d yimestal. Tura, ilaq ad iyi-teffrev

dagi $ur-k, ur zmire$ ara ad kemmle$ akka alama d tiégi.

Avris&Inebgi n tmara

4Tagzemt tisTullist: timitar n taluft + tadyant tamerwayt.

41

- Amek ara k-ffre$ mebla ma yeéra baba ? D acu ara yi-d-yini mi ara d-yawev ?

- Ad ak-yini ayen akka txedmev, d ise$, d tirrugza.

- Anda teériv d acu ara d-yini ?

- £iwel ffer-iyi, ad k-ihdu Rebbi, qrib ad d-awven.

- Arou ar d-yu$al baba.

- Amek ? ad arou$ ? Di kra n ddqayeq ad d-ilin da. Aha tura sellek-a$, ad iyi-teffrev

ne$ ad kkse$ izi$er-ik.

- Ireg, ur yuggad ara mavi. Yennirset akken ilaq, yerra-as : amrig-nni inek d ilem, ulac

tildunin daxel-is, yerna ur ak-id-ggrint ara ula di tbagust-ik.

- Tettuv tella tfala-agi .

Maca ma rewle$-ak ur tezmirev ara ad iyi-d-tqevεev. D$a ineggez, yuéa akkin ciîîuê.

(Tettkemmil )

Asegzi n wawalen:

Agari: d tarûast

Ittsiti: yettekkay

Ad nnadi $ef unamek n uvris

å Ayen yerza Gelden d tmeîîut-is $er teégi?

ç Acu$er ur wwin ara Ireg yid-sen?

é Acu i t-id-yesduqsen si targit?

è Anwa i d-yerzan $er-s?

ê Acu i d-yelsa?

ë Acu i d-yewwi yid-s?

í Ayen yesêuvul?

ì Acu i t-yu$en?

î Ayen tafrara i iruê ad d-ya$ lbaôud di temdint?

ï Ayen i irewwel $ef yimestal? Acu i yessuter umnafeq deg Yireg? Ayen ur yuggad ara Yireg amnafeq?

D acu i d-yemmalen deg uvris belli tezmer ad d-tevru kra n taluft?

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£er tifyar-a- Yessengar yilef iqwiren.-• Msengaren yiderma $ef tlisa.- Ttemyarun tikarviwin di Yennayer.- Smen$en gar-asen.

1. Af-d imyagen yellan di tefyar.2. Efk-d tal$iwin nsen tiêerfiyin.3. Acu nerna i tal$iwin-agi?4. Ibeddel unamek n yimyagen ne$ ala?5. Yella umgired deg unamek n yizwiren ne$ ala ?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Efk-d aswa$, amya$ d tal$iwin tuddisin (ma llant) i yimyagen-agi.

Tal$a tuddistAmya$Aswa$AmyagRwelAkiNfelNdehAruMaggar£er

Ini-d anta tal$a ideg llan yimyagen-agi tefkev-d tal$a nsen taêerfit.

Myuîîafen afus yirgazen-agi asmi llan d imeéyanen.Sin yixxamen-a mseççen tagella d lmelê.Tennebra tmeîîut $ef wulacTtemyarun seg wasmi llan d imeéyanen.

Taseftit Tal$a tasuddimt tuddist n umyag

]Amur ameqqran n yimyagen sεan tal$a taêerfit ( ne$ tamezwarut) akked tal$iwin tisuddimin. Kradet n tal$iwin-agi n umyag: aswa$, attwa$, amya$, zemrent ad mlilent gar-asent akken ad d-fkent yiwet n tal$a d tuddist.Tal$a tuddist tettale$ s tmerna n yizwiren i tal$a tamezwarut (sin n yisekkilen ne$ ugar i irennun di tazwara n umyag). Tal$a-agi tettale$ s yizwiren « s » d “m” amedya: en$ ®® men$ ® smen$ ne$ “m” d “s” amedya: ngar®® sengar(aswa$) ®®msengar(amya$/ aswa$) - Amyag di tal$a tuddist, ifetti am wakken tfetti tal$a taêerfit ( ne$ tamezwarut) $er wanav, $er yizri, $er wurmir ama d aêerfi ama d ussid- Kra n yimyagen ur sεin ara tal$a tuddist : krez, fres,...

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£er tifyar-a- Gelden yeffe$ netta d tmeîîut-is $er teégi.- Ilaq ad yili win ara yeqqimen deg uxxam.- Iεter-d deg ubrid-is $ef yimestal.- Irewwel seg ucruf $er wayev.

1. Acu i d-mmalen wawalen yettuderren?2. Acu n waddad ideg llan yismawen i ten-id-ivefren?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Suffe$-d tinza$ di tefyar-agi .

� Yezzi u$ella-nni $er yimestal-nni, yenna-asen ad kecmen s axxam : Ahaw kecmet s axxam, nadit mliê. S yiwen uvar kan i ileêêu, ur yezmir ara ad yawev $er teégi yerna loerra

n yidammen ha-tt-a dagi i teêbes.

� Ikker Yireg yeômel timeqwa n yidammen i d-yuddamen seg uvar n umnafeq-nni. Mi

ifukk, yu$al ad yeééiéen i yiîij $ef yiman-is.

Smed ilmawen s tenza$ iwatan

� …….. ubrid, …….. ubrid, leqrar-is d abrid.

� Yewwet azrem……. aqerru, yen$a-t.

� Avar iteddu ….. aéar.

�• Ti$ilt tettakk-it … tayev.

� Icerreg aserwal-is….. yi$ir…. i$ir.

� Asemmiv … Uêeggan yessergagay ta$ma… yilef.

Err tinza$-agi di tefyar ara d-teffked: $ef, ar, di, ddaw, n.

Tamsertit: deg, $er, seg… + isemTirawalt

]

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Tanze$t d awal armeskil ( ur tettbeddil ara tal$a-s). Tinza$ teqqnent isemmaden $er umyag anagar tanze$t « n » i iteqqnen isem $er yisem. Isem i d-ivefren tinza$ yettili d amaruz slid deffir « s » n wallal; akked « ar ». Md: iruê s axxam. Qqim ar aggur niven. Tettili temsertit gar tenza$ d yisem:[iôuê f-var] $ef uvar - [iôuê a l-lebêer] iôuê $er lebêer - [iteddu $ef-fakal] $ef wakal. Tettili temsertit deg umeslay kan, ulac-itt di tira.Ha-tent kra n tenza$: $er, si (seg), di (deg), $ef, n, i, s, ar, nnig, ddaw, d (yid), gar/ gar, sdat…

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Tullist: timitar n taluft + tadyant tamerwayt.dagi i teêbes.

- Ur têebbrev ara amek ara yexdem baba mi ara iéer tkecmem s axxam-is netta ulac-it.

Ad nnadi $ef unamek n uvris

å Ayen yeqbel Yireg ad yeffer amnafeq?

ç Acu yessuter deg-s yireg akken ad t-yeffer?

é Anda i t-yeffer?

è Acu yexdem i umkan ideg i t-yeffer akken ur t-εeqqlen ara?

ê Anwi i d-yerzan $er-s mi yella yeÉÉééaéen?

ë Isem-is u$ella nsen?

í Ayen i t-ttaggaden akk yimnufaq?

ì Acu yessuter Ya$mur deg Yireg?

î Yenna-as-id anda yeffer umnafeq ne$ ala?

ï Acu xedmen yimestal umbεed?

Acu twalam, ad asen-id-yini Yireg anda i yeffer amnafeq ne$ ala? acu$er?

Acu twalam ad t-yexdem Gelden mi ara iéer kecmen-as yimestal s axxam-is, netta di teégi?

Ad cfu$

Afares s tira

Yeksa ulli mmi-s n tem$art – - deg uza$ar - tezzin kra n yimakaren - wwin ulli-nni.- Sugen-d adiwenni yellan gar-asen.- Ansi i d-kkan ?

]Di tullist (am di tmacahut) tigawin, i tent-id-yeggaren d taluft tamerwayt ne$ d taluft i d-iverrun trewwi tagnit tamezwarut. Mi ara tekres taluft tgellu-d s wayen $ef ur yebni yiwen, verrunt-d tedyanin, ttbeddilent tudert n yiwudam ama $er wayen yelhan ama $er wayen n dir.

Tullist deg-s adiwenni. Adiwenni-agi, yis-s i sedduyen yiwudam tigawin zun akken ttidiren di tilawt.

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Ëmed Umerri d yiwen n uêeqqi i d-yekkren mgal lbaîel n umnekcam afransis d baca$at-is. I$ul tamêeqranit : itekkes i yinesba$uren, yettakk-asen-t i yigellilen. I wakken ad t-ten$ Fransa i wumi yessew ameréagu, tessexdem ameddakkel-is n tidet, yesnubget-it s axxam-is ad yeçç imensi. Ndin-as ticerket, n$an-t mi iruê ad igar tagella s imi-s …

Ad nnadi $ef unamek n uvris

å Ayen i as-semman medden imenfi?ç I netta, $ef wacu yeffe$ $er teégi?é Anwi imdanen i d-yettaf $er tama-s?è Acu$er deg umada$ i yettili?ê Acu fkan Yiôumyen akken ad t-id-îîfen?ë Anda i t-n$an?í Acu yella ixeddem mi i t-n$an?ì Ayen deg uxxam n umeddakkel-is i t-n$an?î Anwa i t-yen$an?ï Ayen Aöôumi ur as-yezmir ara, atma-s zemren-as? Ayen i t-iserwes umedyaz $er yizem? Anwi lejdud i$ef d-yettmeslay umedyaz deg uvris? Acu inumek wafir-agi: Immut Ëmed Umerri, ilul-d Ëmed Umerri?

Ëmed UmerriAsefru

Teffe$-d tejεalt d tameqqrantWin t-in$an ar d ad tt-yawiYiwen wass atma-s sumôen-t

I as-izemren d nutniAbeckiv bu-sebεa εellqen-tI Ëmed heggan-d imensi

Wi in$an Ëmed UmerriD atmaten-is ne$ d Aôumi?

ØØØIzem immut di lamanDin i ye$li $ef uvebsi

Aεdaw iîîef wi t-yen$anIzwi-as akk tilkin-is

Ëmed immut di lamanAm netta am lejdud-is

Immut Ëmed Umerri Ilul-d Ëmed Umerri

Aεmer MEZDAD

Seg udlis « Tafunast n Yigujilen »sb.12

Akken kan yebda tikliAîas i tt-yeddan fell-as

Semman-as medden imenfiNetta d tirrugza i d ayla-sMa d win yellan d aneûliI Ëmed isburr talaba-sAnwa-t Ëmed UmerriDeg umada$ i yettili

ØØØ Isemmeê adriz $ur-s messus

Inuda $ef tlelliS-anda inuda afus

Yufa tagmat ur telliYeqqel umdan d aîarusDi yal ti$mert d agani

Anwa-t Ëmed Umerri

Ma ur as-yezmir Uôumi?

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A$ella n yimestal, yeîîef Ireg deg umeééu$, yenna-as :- Ah ya lkareε, cukke$ limer ad ak-fke$ kra n yibeqqayen, ad d-tiniv tidet.

Ireg yettavsa, yerra-as : - D Gelden i d baba, ma ur teériv ara.

- Teériv, ma yehwa-yi ad k-awi$ $er lêebs, ad tegnev dinna $ef walim, ivarren-ik

urzen. Imir ma tugiv ad iyi-d-tiniv anida-t Megdal ad k-sεeddi$ $er lfinga ad yafeg uqerruy-ik.

Ireg yeîîerveq d tavsa, yeéra d tikellax :- Nni$-ak d Gelden i d baba.

Yenîeq-d yiwen gar yiserdasen-nni, yenna-asen i yimeddukkal-is : - Cukke$ yif-it ma ur d-newwi ara taluft akked Gelden.

Amasay-nni nsen iεweq d acu ara yexdem. Nutni dayen fukken anadi n uxxam n Gelden. D acu yellan εni deg uxxam n umsedrar ? ïÏîabla, akersiw, isendyaq, leêwal n ûûyada akked kra n leêwal n uxxam. Ireg yeîîef tamcict-nni yesluffuy-as, yettavsa $ef yimestal-nni imi εewqen d acu ara xedmen.

Yuéa yiwen n userdas $er taffa-nni n usa$ur. Imuqel tamcict-nni d warraw-is, yeééa tafala n tmegêelt-is di taffa-nni. Yenna-as deg wul-is : « Yehwa-yi kan rri$ ddhen-iw $er uremmuε-agi n lqerv ». Mi yewwet akken, ur yelli kra yembawlen di taffa. Ireg yeqqim yevleq acemma ur as-iruê, ur as-teqqarev ara akk yella win yeffer dinna.

Imestal akked u$ella nsen ikcem-iten layas, bdan ssikkiden metwal luva-nni ansi ara u$alen. A$ella-nni nsen, yefhem maççi s usigged ara d-yesqirr Ireg. Ixemmem cwiî, yufa-d mazal-as kan ad yeεrev ad t-id-yessenîeq s uêellel d usevmeε. Yenna-as :

- « Aha ay ayaw amecîuê, éri$ keççini d uêric, ad d-teff$ev d kra. Maca urar-agi tetturarev yis-i d iri-t. Limer maççi di baba-k ay ssetêa$, ad k-cekkle$, ad k-awi$ yid-i.

- Ëay !- Mi ara d-yu$al baba-k ad as-ini$ kullec, ad as-ini$ teskaddbev-iyi, ad i$li deg-k s

ujelkav.- Akka i t$ilev.- Ad twaliv…maca …muqel…ma teb$iv ad ak-fke$ yiwet n t$awsa ay ack-itt.- Teéram …ma tu$em d awal-iw ad tekkrem ad tkemmlem abrid nwen ma tram ad

tqevεem Megdal uqbel ad yekcem $er teégi, acku ma yewwev, kra itetten a$rum ur yettizmir ara ad t-id-yeîîef.

Avris&

Ya$mur yeb$a ad d-yesqirr Ireg

5Tagzemt tis

Megdal, irwel-d, yufa-d Ireg iman-is deg uxxam, yefka-as idrimen d$a winna yeffer-it. Cwiî akka a-ten-a wwven-d yimestal, b$an ad asen-id-yini anida yella Megdal.

Tullist: taluft tekres

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1. Ha-tt-a tefyirt : Yekkat wul-is. a. Anwa awal i izemren ad yili d aknaw n umyag « yekkat ». b. Qqen gar tefyirt d unamek-is.

AnamekTafyirt

Yessen-itt mliê.Yetturar-it.Ijebbed kan, ur yettêezzib ara.£ellin-d waman seg usigna. Ittmeslay fell-asen ayen n dir.Ur yettaggad ara.Itett-it.Yettlusu akken yelha.

Yekkat ugeffurYekkat di meddenYekkat uzzalYekkat-as lêeîîaYekkat taqbaylitYekkat agiîarYekkat avebsi n seksu yal assYekkat kan

2. Gar wawalen-agi, af-d anwa awal ukkud yecrek aéar wawal « tamu$li » :Muqel, tam$ilt n yilef, ti$ilt, l$ella.

3. Suffe$-d seg uvris amawal n timmarewt, rnu-d wid niven i tessnev xas ulac-iten deg uvris.

4. Af-d ansi i d-yekka wawal « amsedrar », amek yule$ ?

5. D acu i d taffa ? a- D acu n umgarad yellan gar : taffa, taqettunt, tamuqint. b- D acu i tfehmev deg yinzi-a : d taqettunt i irennun $er taffa.

6. Fren yiwet n tririt : Ad d-iqirr: a- ad d-yini tidet tamara fell-as. b- Ad d-i$er.

7. Senfel awalen yettuderren s yiknawen iwatan

� Ireg yettavsa.� Ad tegnev dinna $ef walim .� Ivarren-ik, urzen.� Taffa-nni n usa$ur.� Yiwwas, ad d-iwwet uêemmal, kul wa leεmer deg uéar-is.

Amawal

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£er imedyaten-a1. Azekka, ad irzu $er tmurt.2. Asmi i t-éri$, ad yili xemsin n yiseggasen di leεmer-is.3. Win yeb$an tamazi$t, ad yissin tira-s.4. Deg umenzu n tefsut, tilawin d telmeéyin d yigardan, ad rren ti$rifin di tvellaεt, ad

îîfen abrid $er lexlawi.� Tigawt n yimyagen yeftin $er wurmir aêerfi di tefyar-a tevra ne$ ala ?� Di tefyirt tamezwarut, amyag « ad iruê » yemmal tigawt yevran deg yizri ne$ d

tigawt ara yevrun deg yimal.� I tefyirt tis snat, d tigawt ara yevrun deg yimal ne$ d tigawt deg waydeg ur nettêeqq

ara ?� I di tis tlata d tis rebεa?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Af-d azalen n wurmir di tefyar-a :

�• Ad ixdeε Rebbi kra ixeddεen.� Ad d-yefk Rebbi talwit.� Azekka, ad sewwqe$.� Ad awin taduî-nni $er wasif, ad tt-ssirden, ad tt-fesren, mi tekkaw ad tt-sefsun.� Win i as-yennan teshel teεfert, ad tt-yeεfes mebla arkasen.� Deg unebdu i d-iteddun, ad sεeddi$ kra n wussan di teftist.

Aru-d tifyar s $ur-k, sexdem urmir s « ad », ad yesεu azalen-a : imal, tarelkint, asfillet, amata.

Taseftit Azalen n wurmir s « ad »

]Urmir aêerfi s « ad » yemmal-d tigawt urεad nevri, tezmer ahat ad tevru. S umata, urmir aêerfi s « ad », yemmal-d imal : ayen ara yevrun $er sdat. Maca yesεa da$en azalen niven :

� Tarelkint: ( ayen ideg ur nettêeqq ara) : Ad yesεu 10 iseggasen.� Asfillet: Ad ig Rebbi trebêev. Ad iqucc !� Asendeh: Win yeb$an tibexsisin, ad yeééu tineqlin.� Tannumi ( ayen xeddmen medden ama zik ama tura) : Ass wis sebεa, ad truê

teslit $er tala, ad tawi yid-s asagem ...

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£er imedyaten-a1. Kkre$-d d axûim i yiman-iwYuoew-d wul-iw deεwessuWin i wumi êki$ le$bayen-iwS zzyada n tevsa ad yettru.

2. Taddart-a, taddart-ina, di temsal ur cligen ara.� Af-d anwi awalen i teqqen tizdit� Di 4 tefyar timezwura, d acu-ten wawalen i d-yeqqnen $er yisem ?� I wawalen i d-yeqqnen $er wawal « taddart », d acu-ten ?� Kemmel d wudmawen niven akk : ul-iw, ul-ik…� Amek i asen-neqqar i wawalen-a yettuderren : axxam-a, axxam-ina, axxam-ihin.

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Tazabut � Veggren ayen i$ef εettben, kul wa ay iveggar d i$san-is.� Lmut ad tt-yevleb yiles-im, ad teddem leεmer-im.� Si loiha-w henni iman-im, nadi $ef rrbeê-im, seg yiri-w εemmde$-am ruê.� Thuddev teméi-k s ufus-ik, s ufus-ik i d-tu$ev aîîan.� Di ccetla nsen ay tt-ufan txessart i d-slalen� Taqsivt-agi, d aqesser.� Ttu$ tamazi$t-nni, ttu$ wid i yi-d-iôebban.� Deg yidurar-ihin i d-tettuôebba, tif akk tilmeéyin di sser tεebba.

Freq awalen i ilaq ad ferqen, err tizdit anida ilaq.� Uliw gzem-it, celleê-it, veggar-it s aman.� Ay arracnne$, Lezzayer d tamurtnne$.� Ad ak-id-tsiwel tmurtik.

Tizdit gar yisem d yiwsilen-is.Tirawalt

]Gar yisem d umqim udmawan awsil nettarra tizdit acku amqim-agi ur yettili ara

kan akka weêd-s ; alama yella yisem ara yili. Nwala yakan gar yisem d umqim awsil n usget nezmer ad nerr tizdit am wakken nezmer ur tt-nettarra ara. Ma gar yisem d umqim awsil n wasuf, d tamara ad tili tizdit ( éer adlis-iw n tmazi$t, Aseggas wis Sin)

Tella da$en tizdit gar yisem d urbib ameskan, ama d win n tama ( -a, ayi, agi, adi, agikana) ama d win tuggugt ( ina, ihin ), ama d win n ubdar (-nni).

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Amestul-nni yugi ad yebru i temsalt. Ittmekkin-as ssaεa-nni. Ireg yeggumma ad tt-yeîîef, maca yettecmumuê, yenna-as : - Ay$er tettmesxirev fell-i.

- Aêeq Rebbi ar s nniya-w. Ini-yi-d anida yella Megdal , ssaεa-agi d ayla-k.Ireg, yettezmumug ; yeçça-t kan s wallen. Iεerrev ad yeεqel ma d tidet i as-id-yeqqar ne$ yettkellix fell-as. Yenna-as Ya$mur:

« Ad iyi-ikkes Rebbi ar d ak-fke$ ssaεa-agi, ha-ten-a êedren, aql-a$ gar yirgazen. »Mi as-yettmeslay akken, yessaéay ssaεa-nni armi qrib ad t-yennal yis-s deg umayeg. Itezzi deg wawal iqqar mazal armi yeεqel belli Ireg yebda yettemεebbar d rray-is. Aqcic-nni, s tidet, yergeg

amek ara yexdem : ad d-issenz imenfi-nni yeffer di taffa n usa$ur, maççi d ise$ ; ad yeqqim, ssaεa-nni tewwi ul-is. Yekkat wul-is, ad as-tiniv ad d-icerreg idmaren-is. Ssaεa-nni, mazal-itt teεluleq-d sdat wallen-is ; tikwal, tettnal-it-id deg yixef n wanzaren-is. Yessemêaêed cwiî afus-is ayeffus, yettmekkin-it s leεqel s leεqel $er ssaεa-nni armi i tt-yennul s yivudan-is. Yeîîef-itt-id di tdikelt n ufus-is xas akken amestul-nni mazal ur as-id-ibri ara… ssaεa, tettirriq i yiîij… iran-is d izegzawen. Yen$a-t îîmeε.

Yerfed Yireg afus-is azelmav, yes$el $er deffir n uεrur-is s uvad-is, meêsub $er taffa-nni i$ef yevleq. A$ella-nni n yimestal, yefhem akken ilaq. Yebra-as i ssaεa-nni. Aqcic ikecceb-itt. Mm$en yimestal $ef taffa-nni n usa$ur, xewwlen-tt-id akk, yeffe$-d Megdal, yuges, yettuddum d idammen, axedmi deg ufus-is maca tiyita yeçça semmvet d$a yeggumma ad ibedd. Innegdam. Iédem fell-as Ya$mur, yekkes-as-id tafala-nni n lfuci. Cekklen-t. Yemrare$ $ef wakal am tquccivt-nni ara tnexxzev. Yezzi $er Yireg, yenna-as :

« Ah ya ay axeddaε ».

Ireg yewwet afus-is $er loib-is, yeddem-d idrimen-nni i as-id-yefka Megdal mi akken i t-yeffer, yerra-as-ten acku iêulfa ur ten-yuklal ara tura. Ma d imenfi-nni ur yerri ara akk ddhen-is $er yidrimen-nni, yezzi s ttawil $er u$ella-nni n yimestal, yenna-as :

« Teériv, ur zmire$ ara ad lêu$, a mmi-s n tmurt ? ! tamara fell-awen ad iyi-tεebbim alama d tamdint.

- Seg-lli, xuvi, tettneggizev am yibki. Xas kkes a$bel i wul-ik, zemre$ mavi ad k-bibbe$

$ef uεrur-iw ma ilaq. Awi-d kan imi k-id-îîfe$. Yerna, ay ameddakkel, tura kan ad k-id-

nexdem aferrug, ad k-nawi fell-as alama newwev $er leêwari-ina n Ti$ilt n Yibir$en, ad

k-nεebbi $ef wayis.

- Ihi d$a igarrez mavi maca ma ulac a$ilif rret-as cwiî n walim i uferrug-agi nwen akken

ad bεuééle$ akken ilaq.

Avris& Ireg yexdeεTullist: taluft tekres

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Mi iwala Gelden imestal-nni, yenna-as deg wul-is : « Ahat usan-d akken ad iyi-awin ? » Maca ur yelli kra yexdem akken ad t-awin. Yettqadar akk medden, nutni da$en ttqadaren-t. d argaz n lεali akken qqaren. Maca d amsedrar. Di tallit-nni qlil umsedrar ur nettwalas ara di kra taluft : ama d timen$iwt, ama… Gelden yettnadi ad d-yemmekti ... yufa, yufa belli azal n mraw n yiseggasen aya, ur isexdem ara amrig ines akken ad ine$. D acu kan akken qqaren : laman d agrireb. Si lamùan i d-yekka lxuf. Ihegga iman-is i umennu$, ma yella terra tmara, ad yenna$.

Yenîeq $er tmeîîut-is:« Sers tacekkart-nni theggiv iman-im ad tεemmrev timgeêyal. »Tsers tacekkart-nni. Yefka-as tamegêelt-nni iεelleq $er tayet, iεemmer tinna yellan gar yifassen-is, yettaé sleεqel-sleεqel s axxam-is, iteddu yeddaray isekla yellan rrif n ubrid. Iteddu mxatla-mxatla i wakken ma yella kra

yellan ad yeffer deffir walebεav n yisekla, ad yewwet syinna. Tameîîut-is, teîîafar-it asurif s usurif, teîîef lfuci-nni akked tbagust teççur d tildunin. Mi ara yekker yimen$i, tameîîut n lεali, $er yimesdurar, ilaq ad d-teîîef tama i urgaz-is, ad as-id-tettεemmir tamegêelt.

A$ella-nni n yimestal, mi iwala Gelden isers avad-is $ef zznad, iεweq amek ara yexdem. Yettxemmim, yeqqar-as deg wul-is : « I limer ad yili Megdal yettili-as i Gelden ne$ ahat d ameddakkel-is, maççi terwi ? ! Yiwen ne$ sin deg-ne$ iban ad ten-yawi d asfel. Ne$ limer ad d-iqqres fell-i s rrsas xas akka nettemyili. !… » Yu$al iga-d cwiî n teb$est i yiman-is, yettaé weêd-s metwal Gelden akken ad as-yessefhem ayen yevran yerna ad as-yemmeslay am win ara yemmeslayen i umdan ukkud yemyussan mliê ; maca cwiî-nni n ubrid yellan gar-asen icebba-as-t Rebbi d amecwar ur nettfakka.

Yenîeq $ur-s : « Azul! ay ameddakkel aqdim. Amek telliv ay argaz n lεali ? D nekk, d Ya$mur. »

Gelden ibedd. Winna yettaé $ur-s, yettmeslay-as ma d netta yessalay cwiî-cwiî taxenfuct n tmegêelt-nni ines yettwellih-itt $er yigenni. Ya$mur, yewwev $ur-s, yenna-as :

« Azul a gma, ddeqs aya ur nemméir ara.- Azul !- Yewwi-yi-d ubrid sya d$a nni$-as ad εeddi$ ad ten-ére$. Ass-a, xas neεya maççi di

rrayeε. Neîîef-d amcum-nni n Megdal. »Tenîeq-d tmeîîut n Gelden : Lêemdu-lleh a sidi. Acu-t wass-nni, yuker-a$ ta$avt yerna d tin

Avris&Mi d-yu$al Gelden

6Tagzemt tis

Mi d-yu$al Gelden d tmeîîut-is si lexla, ufan-d mmi-tsen Ireg issenz-d imenfi yeffren dinna $ur-sen. Gelden, yeggumma ad yamen s twa$it yexdem mmi-tsen d tecmat d lêif i d-ise$li fell-asen…

Tullist: ferru n taluft + tagnit n taggara.

62

1. Af-d deg uvris ismawen n tigawt n yimyagen-a:

� � � � � � yennu$ ®®� � � � � � yen$a ®®

� Yiwen n uéar nsen ne$ ala ? � Rnu efk-d ismawen n tigawt n yimyagen-agi:

��� �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ad yazen ®®� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ad seddu$ ®®��� �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ad afen ®®� � � � � � sers ®®� � � � � � yekker ®®

2. Llan sin wawalen deg uvris kkan-d seg yiwen n uéar, $ur-sen yiwen n unamek maca tal$a nsen temgarad. Af-iten-id.

3. Suffe$-d seg uvris aktawal n amennu$. � Aru-d tifyar s yal yiwen deg-sen.

4. Nadi-d deg uvris sin yiknawen n umyag « sentel ».

5. Ad d-iqqres fell-i s rrsas xas akka nettemyili. � Amek yeddes umyag-agi yettuderren ?� Af-d yiwen wawal yezdi uéar yid-s.

6. Siwa win ib$an ad ifeéé iles-is ara ixedmen tigawt yexdem Megdal� Acu tnumek tefyirt-agi yettuderren ?� Nadi-d deg uvris akk tifyar i yesεan anamek am wa (ad ifeéé iles-is).

Amawal

63

£er imedyaten-a- Yesla, yerwel.- Yesla yerwel.

1. Acêal n yimyagen i yellan di tefyirt tamezwarut ? 2. I di tis snat ?3. Amek i as-neqqar i tefyirt yesεan ugar n yiwen n umyag ?4. Acêal n yisumar i yellan?5. Anwi-ten?6. Anwa ixedmen tigawt deg sin yimyagen n tefyirt 1ut ?7. I deg umedya wis sin, anwa i tt-ixedmen?8. Yella wacu yellan gar sin yimyagen ne$ ala ? Yemgarad unamek n snat tefyar-a ne$

ala? Acu i d tamentilt?9. I deg umedya wis sin, acu yellan gar yisumar?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Di tefyar i d-iteddun, ini-d anda tella t$uni d wanda yella usagel.� Yesla yemmut � Yesla, yemmut � Yeçça, yeswa, yeîîes.�• Iwala-t yerwel s axxam.� Issawel-as, yerwel.� Yekkat, yettru.� Yuli, iûubb-d.�• Yuzzel, yuli.� Yerbeê, yufa-t.�• Iwala uccen yerwel. �• Iwala uccen, yerwel.

Kemmel i yimyagen-agi tsuff$ev-d tifyar ideg ara yili usagel d t$uni.� Twala-tt……….� Isawel………..� Yufa ………..� Yerwel………� Yenna-as……� Iseqsa-t……..

Tajerrumt Asemgired gar t$uni d usagel

]Tafyirt tuddist d tafyirt izemren ad tesεu sin n yisumar ne$ ugar. Llan sin wassa$en gar tefyar : ta$uni d usagel. Assa$ izmer ad d-yili s tes$unt ne$ s unamek kan, meêsub mebla tas$unt. Ta$uni tettili-d s tefrayt di tira, s usider n ta$ect deg umeslay, ma d asagel ulac asider n ta$ect di tmenna. Md: - yesla, yerwel (d ta$uni). - yesla yerwel (d asagel).

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£er imedyaten-a- Mi wwve$ $er-s yella yeffe$.- Mi d-yessawel tu$ ff$e$.

1. Af-d imyagen yellan di tefyar-a. 2. Acêal n yimyagen i yellan deg umedya amezwaru?3. Efk-d tal$a taêerfit nsen.4. Muqel amyag wis sin d wis krad, anti timeéra ideg llan?5. Tigawin i d-mmalen yimyagen-agi, vrant, verrunt ne$ ad vrunt?6. Anta tigawt yezwaren?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

£er imedyaten-a tafev-d izri yezwaren.� Asmi i t-éri$ yella yufa-d axeddim.� Mi t-tewwet trisiti, yella yebzeg.� Mi d-yekcem tu$ tesse$ ayefki.� Yella yeffe$, mi d-wwten di tewwurt.� Ad yili yeîîes mi kecme$.� Mi tevra yid-s twa$it-nni tu$ yuven .

Sefti amyag wis sin $er yizri yezwaren.� Mi yesla/eçç….� Asmi t-éri$/aven� Mi d-ye$li u$rab-nni/ cveê� Mi t-tmuggar/ zweo.� Mi i d-yessawel/inig

Efk-d 4 n yimedyaten anda ara tesmersev izri yezwaren

Taseftit Izri yezwaren

]Izri yezwaren d akud i nessemras i wakken ad d-nessenfali tigawt yevran uqbel yiwet n tigawt niven yevran deg yizri.Izri yezwaren yettale$ s yimallalen « a$ » d « ili » mi ara ilin ftin $er yizri akked umyag niven yeftin ula d netta $er yizri.

Md: - Yella yefra wurar mi d-ters ad tecveê. - Tu$ yefra wurar mi d-ters ad tecveê.

2

1

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65

1. Af-d imyagen yellan di tefyar.2. Anwi awalen i d-yeqqnen $er umyag s tezdit?3. Lemmer ad nekkes tizdit gar umyag d tzel$a n tnila, ad ibeddel unamek n umyag ne$ ala?4. Acu i d-rennunt ihi tzel$iwin i umyag?5. Anda ttilint tzel$iwin, sdat ne$ deffir n umyag?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Err tizdit anda iwata� Neroa lexbar im � Ur d yusi ara� Nuroa lexyal im� Fell as nerêa� Awi d afus im� Sken iyi d udem im� I yecbeê yisem im� A Oamila.

(Lewnis AYT MENGELLAT)

Tazabut Tsawel-as-d i Mayas akken ad as-id-yawi idrimen-nni, ur as-ten-id-yewwi, ur as-ten-id-

iceyyeε.Yessawev-as-ten-id mmi-s armi d axxam, terra-as-ten yerna tsuffe$-it timendeffirt.Seg wass-nni, ggulle$ ur ten-teîîif alama tusa-d tewwi-ten s yiman-is.

Tizdit gar umyag d yiwsilen-is d tzel$iwin n tnila

Tirawalt

]Tizel$iwin n tnila d awalen yeqqnen $er umyag d yiwsilen-is. Daymi nettarra gar-asent d umyag d yiwsilen, tizdit. Mi ara rnunt tzel$iwin-a: [d], [n] - « d » : tettarra tigawt s umata $er win yettmeslayen. - « n » tettarra tigawt s umata $er win i wumi ttmeslayen. Tizel$iwin n tnila zemrent ad ilint sdat ne$ deffir umyag.Imedyaten: - Yefka-as-ten-id. - Yuzen-as-ten-in. - Ad as-ten-id-yefk. - Ad as-ten-in-yazen.

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68

Ad nnadi $ef unamek n usefru

å £er wacu i icuba umeskar ameêbus ? Acu$er ?

ç Acu yuggad umeêbus ?

é Acu n ti$ri i as-igar umeskar ?

è Amek ttwalin medden ameêbus ?

ê Acu$er i d-yeggar wul-is nnhati ?

ë Ayen yezga yettxemmim $ef umeêbus ?

í Ayen ggumman ad as-id-brun ?

ì Anida i t-êebsen ?

Ma fki$ awal i medden£ef cc$el ad yarez ufus-iwD tasa-w i yi-ismendagen Tessibrik deg wussan-iwUfi$ imdanen heddrenMi valle$ bran i wallen

Ay avu d keçç ara yi-imlen Ma mazal yedder ne$ ala

Umeêbus-iw

ØØØLa d-yeggar wul nnhati

Mi d-yewwev uqebli n me$resMi refde$ abuqal s imi

Ad d-tas lêaoa ad iyi-t-tekkesAss-a, êsi$ ifat-iyi

Tiî dayen ur t-tettwaliAy avu qqim-d mel-iyiAnida i as-tebra lmuja

I Umeêbus-iw

ØØØTalwit i ttraou$ tebîel

Nefka tteεd ur d-tusi araTaluft tucbiêt tkeêêelThenna-yi-d $er lêaraAss-a éri$ ayen iεeîîelTisin-is ay$er tebîel

Yugi ad yeknu sdat ddelIêeôô-it Berwagiya

Umeêbus-iw.

ØØØLwennas MAΣTUB

Tesfift «Ru ayul» 1982

Rruê-is la d-yesselqafAm uεeqqa gar yi$urafYettraou nnuba-s yettru

Umeêbus-iw.Yuggad ad as-tinim d amcum

Taggara ad t-tettum£er-s anwa ara yeréen asalu ?

Umeêbus-iw

ØØØLbaîel igar-d isuraf

£er sdat d lkafdeffir-s lmut la d-teddu

Umeêbus-iwSiwel-as ay ul-iw siwel-as

Ma yesla-d ini-as¨¨Ëader win i d-yesnuzu

Umeêbus-iw

ØØØAy avu ihuzzen izemran

Ttxil-k ini-d ay avuCbi$ loedra yerkan

Ugin medden d aser$uAnda tella ssebba i t-yenfanI t-icleqfen si gar-yimawlan

Ay avu i yi-d-inudanMa iweûûa-k-id ne$ ala

Umeêbus-iw

ØØØ

Ameêbus-iwAsefru

69

Ad ktazle$ iman-iw

Acu i twalav deg yisenfaren i d-turam?

Wali ma tzemrev :

å Ad takzev avris ullis ?

ç Ad tegzuv tamlilt n yiwudam deg ullis ?

é Ad ten-id-tgelmev ?

è ad takzev akk anawen n yivrisen?

ê Ad d-tsemgirdev gar tmacahut d tullist?

ë Ad takzev tagnit tamezwarut di tullist ?

í Ad d-txedmev agzul i uvris i te$riv?

ì Ad terrev tikerrist d tigawin d udiwenni di tegnit tis snat di tullist?

Melmi i tettafev iman-ik? mi txeddmev:

å ………. weêd-k ?

ç ………. di sin ?

é ………. d agraw ?

è ………. d yinelmaden n tesmilt akken ma llan ?

Muqel ma tzemrev ?

å Ad takzev tal$a taêerfit n umyag ?

ç Ad tissinev tal$iwin n umaruz d twuriwin swayes d-igellu?

é Ad tsemgirdev gar tal$iwin n umyag ?

è Ad tseftiv imyagen di tmeéra akken ma llant ?

ê Ad takzev tis$unin n t$uni d tid n usagel?

ë Ad taruv war tamsertit di yal tagnit ?

í Ad tsemgirdev gar t$uni d usagel ?

ì Ad takzev azalen n wurmir s « ad », ad t-tesmersev akken iwata?

î Ad tsemgirdev gar uvris n tesrit (meêsub maççi d tamedyazt) d usefru?

ï Ad terrev tizdit anda iwata?

Ase

nfar

wis

2Asenfar wis 2

Askar n tes$unt tamugilt: ivrisen imesfukal ad izmiren ad d-awin $ef yiba$uren n useklu d uêareb fell-as ne$ $ef yimihan n tba$a ne$ $ef tvullit n useêbiber $ef twannavt ne$ ...

Tigezmin n usenfar:

1. Afares n uvris imesfukel bu-snat n turdiwin. 2. Afares n uvris imesfukel bu-yiwet n turda.

TagzemtAsefled/ta$uri n

yivrisenIgburen n tutlayt Afares s tira

1

Ivrisen: 1- Yuker, hedre$; yeggul, umne$ sb :70

2- Tifina$ sb :76

Asefru: Imazi$en sb :79

Tajerrumt: tis$unin n usagel sb :73Taseftit: imal izwaren sb :74Tirawalt: tizdit gar tenze$t d umqim awsil sb :75

Afares n uvris i m e s f u k e l bu-snat n turdiwin.

2

Ivrisen: 1- Öadyu d yidlisen sb :802- Tira d umaru sb :

86

Asefru: Abernus amellal sb :88

Tajerrumt: tis$unin n t$uni sb :83Taseftit: tafelwit n tseftit sb :84Tirawalt: tizdit: sb :85 Afares n uvris

imesfukel bu-yiwet n turda.

72

Mi ara imuqel bnadem $er deffir s amezruy nne$ nekkni s Yimazi$en, ad yaf d tagi i yevran yid-ne$ maççi d abrid maççi sin.

Di 3000 n yiseggasen-agi iεeddan, sebεa leonas i d-ikecmen tamurt nne$. Akken ma llan u$en tamurt s yi$il.

Maca yal yiwen issetbaε timucuha i yi$il. Yal yiwen deg-sen ifesser amezruy i yiman-is, inoer-it akken i as-ilaq. Nitni i d a$-iswa$en heddren, nekkni swa$en nessusum. Amezruy nne$ d nitni i t-yuran (ne$ i t-izelgen, ne$ i t-isdergen), d nitni i iwezznen, qqaren-d ayen ilaqen d ayen ur nlaq. Ayen ilaqen d ayen i asen-yehwan i nitni. Armi di tmurt n baba-tne$ d jeddi-tne$ nezga-d d i$riben, ur a$-id-yettawi umeddaê di teqsivt alama taqsivt d tin n wiyiv, nekkni texva-a$ ne$ têuza-a$ kan akka di rrif.

Ad tt-id-bdun d i$il, mi a$-ferqen ad a$-réen, ad a$-tthuzzun di dduê n tmucuha nsen. Qqaren-a$: nusa-d $ur-wen d zzyara n gma-s $er gma-s, irna newwi-awen-d rreêma : am sseεd nwen kunwi yeddren armi ken-id-qesden watmaten $ef ur tebnim ! Maca…

Maca têedder-d tidet, u, mi d-teêder tidet naf tagmat issafeg-itt wavu, ala win ara k-yinin : “I wumi-k keçç imi d nekk lli$ ?”

Nufa-d qqaren : “ Sawle$ i wayla n medden, ar ass-a la t-ttraou$, sawle$ i wayla-w yenna-k : aql-i”. Ihi, ma yella win i$eflen zik, ass-a, ur d-iqqim ara umkan i lekdeb, acku lekdeb taswiεt kan i yettalas, s lqerb ne$ s îîul, yiwwas, tidet ad t-te$vel, acku tidet am zzit : i teb$uv ti$zifev a lweqt labudd yiwwas ad d-tifrir.

Ad d-tifrir tidet ma yella ula d nekkni nεawen-itt, ma yella ula d nekkni newwi-d

Yuker, êedre$; yeggul, umne$

Ase

nfar

wis 2

Avris&1Tagzemt u t

Asfukel: avris bu-snat n turdiwin.

73

tamacahut nne$ akken tella, maççi akken i tt-b$an wiyiv ne$ akken i tt-zewwqen.

3000 n yiseggasen aya nekkni d Iskutiyen i uba$ur n wiyiv, ncennu ccnawi n wiyiv, nmeddeê lemdeê nsen, nettwali s wallen nsen. Maca nnuba tura tezzi : ma yella zik “ neîîes mazal lêal, ” ass-a, d nekkni “ i d-iûaê wawal ”.

Ihi tagrayt n wawal d ta : îîlam la yetteftutus, tura d tikli ad ifnu yiv, a-tt-aya tfejrit nne$.

Lmulud At-MΣEMMER

Tigzi n uvris

å Melmi i d-qqaren medden anzi-a: “Yuker, êedre$; yeggul, umne$”?

ç Anwa yuran avris-a? i wumi i t-yura?

é Anta turda ( ôôay ne$ tamu$li) i yeb$a umaru ad a$-tt-id-imel maççi $ef tidet i tbedd?

è Anta turda swayes yeb$a umaru ad namen?

ê Suffe$-d akk imataren udmawanen akked yimqimen udmawanen ( ama d ilelliyen, ama d iwsilen) yellan deg uvris. Wali anwa udem i yeggten.

ë Anwi i d-yeqsed umaru s wudem amezwaru n usget: nekkni ne$ s uwsil nne$?

í Anwi i d-yelha umaru s wudem wis tlata n usget nutni akked umatar ……n ?

ì Af-d assa$ yellan gar uvris-a d uzwel-is.

î Anwa amqim i yessexdam umaru mi ara yettmeslay i yime$riyen?

ï £er wacu icuba tidet? Ay$er? D acu xeddmen yimnekcamen mi ara d-kecmen tamurt nne$? Deg uvris-a, amaru, iêekku-d ne$ igellem-d ne$ yeb$a ad a$-yerr nellez (ad a$-

iqenneε) s takti-s?

11

12

74

1. Isem abrid d agetnamkay, wali anwa i d anamek-is di yal tafyirt, qqen-it $ur-s.

Inumak-is ne$ iknawen-isTifyar ideg yella yisem abrid

2. Taqnuét:

��Leêêu$, leêêu$, ma d netta ur t-qviεe$. D acu-t ? d acu-t?

3. D acu i d anamek n tenfalit-a:

��Nnig ubrid, ddaw ubrid, leqrar-is d abrid.

4. Af-d anamek n umyag ¨ù« a$ » di tefyirt-a.

� U$en tamurt s yi$il.

5. Qqaren s teqbaylit : Ayen i d-yefka usa$ur ( lqerv) d aba$ur.

� D acu i d anamek n wawal aba$ur deg uvris?��D iskutiyen i uba$ur n wiyiv.

6. Fren anwa i d anamek n wawal i$il:

� Akken ma llan u$en tamurt s yi$il.� Meêsub: a- kkan-d akk seg yi$il, maççi seg luva.

b- kecmen-d tamurt s ddreε.

7. Af-d iknawen (=) i wawalen yettuderren

�• Mi ara imuqel bnadem $er umezruy nne$.� Yiwwas, tidet, ad t-te$vel.

8. Af-d inemgalen ( ≠ ) i wawalen yettuderrenI teb$uv ti$zifev a lweqt, labudd, yiwwas, tidet, ad d-tifrir.

Amawal

- Yiwen n ubrid kan i d-usi$ $er da.- D abrid!- Kkes-d amek ur neεriv, ur as-nufi abrid.- Ur iteddu ara d ubrid.- Ye$za akk ubrid-nni i n-yettawin $ur-wen.

- Tikli n lεali.- D sswab, d ôôay yelhan.- Tikkelt.- D ansi ttεeddayen medden.- Tifrat, ttawil.

75

£er imedyaten-a��• Yeéra belli tusiv-d. ��• ad d-yas xas yeεya.�� Yeîîes iwakken ad yesteεfu. ��• Ad teççev ma yugar-d.��• Yekker-d mi d-yenqer yiîij. ��• Yeqqim amzun yestufa.�� Te$liv acku tettazzalev.

1. Acêal n yimyagen i tesεa yal tafyirt?2. Amek i asent-neqqar i tefyar igan akka?3. Isem nsen yimuren n tefyirt tuddist?4. Limer ad nekkes amur amezwaru, yezmer ad yili umur wis sin weêd-s ?

( akka am umedya wis2: …… iwakken ad yesteεfu.)5. Smel tis$unin n usagel almend n unamek nsent. ( tamezwarut ur tettekki ara acku

tas$unt « belli » teggar-d asemmad usrid).

AserwesTawtiltTamentiltAqbalAkudIswi

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma Akez tis$unin n usagel, smel-itent εlaêsab n unamek nsent.

�• Yewwev di tafat acku iruê zik.� Limer ad d-yeîîuqqet ugeffur, ad a$-yawi uêemmal.� Xas meééi, yefhem kra yellan.�• Ixeddem akken yezmer.� Mceê taberkukest akken ad ak-yekkes usemmiv.� Ma yezmer, ad d-yerr ttaô.� Seg wakken tεebba, tekna.

Ddem snat tefyar tiêerfiyin, suffe$-d yis-sent tafyirt tuddist s tes$unt n usagel����Azekka, ad kkre$ zik. Ad awve$ di lawan s a$erbaz. ( iswi)� Yeεya. Yesεedda sin yiswan. ( aqbal). � Zemre$. Ad zegre$ asif yeêmel. ( tawtilt)� Kra yekka yiv, nettat teqqar. Azekka-nni ad tesεeddi akayad. ( tamentilt)� Yettermimiz. Yettargu. ( aserwes)

Tis$unin n usagelTajerrumt

]

Ilu$ma

Tafyirt tumyigt yesεan ugar n yiwen umyag, qqaren-as tafyirt tuddist. Tafyirt tuddist, llan deg-s, ma ulac, sin yimuren i wumi qqaren isumar. Assa$ gar sin yisumar-a yezmer ad yili d ta$uni ne$ d asagel. Nwala yagi amek yezmer ad yili usagel (akked t$uni) mebla tas$unt md: yesla yusa-d maca yettili da$en s tes$unt n usagel. Tis$unin n usagel bvant d taggayin almend n unamek nsent. Tas$unt n usemmed aêerfi: belli. Tid n wakud: mi, segmi, seg wasmi, ar, armi, skud, asmi, qbel / uqbel. Tid n tmentilt: acku, axaîer, imi, seg wakken. Tid n yiswi: i wakken, akken, bac, amar. Tid n uqbal: xas / $as, xas ulama, xas akken. Tid n userwes: akken, amzun, am wakken... Tid n tewtilt: ma, limer, lemmer, lukan

1

2

76

1

£er imedyaten-a� Aεejmi-agi, mi ara d-tawev tefsut, ad yili yenza.� Asmi ara d-ase$, ad ya$ lêal yeqqur leêcic� Ad yili yeîîes, akka imir-a.

1. £er wacu i ftin yimyagen n tefyar-a?2. Imyagen “yenza” akked “yeqqur” ftin $er yizri . I tigawt nsen di tefyar-a, tevra ne$ mazal?3. D acu i d-yemmalen ur tevri ara?4. Qren gar “mi ara d-tawev” akked “ad yili yenza”. Anta tigawt ara yezwiren tayev?5. I wazal tesεa tefyirt tis tlata “ad yili yeîîes”, teεdel akked snat timezwura ne$ ala?6. D acu ilaqen, ihi, i wakken asumer deg yella “ad yili + amyag yeftin $er yizri”, ad as-

nefk azal n yimal yezwaren? Qren gar snat tefyar-a, deg unamek. Ad yili yeffe$. Mi ara awve$ s axxam, ad yili yeffe$.

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Akez imal yezwaren di tefyar-a:�• Azekka, ad yili yiîij.�• Mi ara d-yekker tanezzayt, ad ili$ zegre$ i wasif.�• Terza $er Tizi-Uzzu, ad d-ta$ iselsa.�• Mi ara truê $er Tizi-Uzzu, ad ilint fukkent tqendyar-nni.�• Akka imir-a, ad yili yeîîes.� Asmi ara yergel iberdan udfel, ad t-ya$ lêal yemneε.

Imal yezwarenTaseftit

1

Ad yili + amyag yeftin $er yezri ne$ ad ya$ lêal+ amyag $er yizri mmalen imal yezwaren, meêsub d tigawt ara yevrun $er sdat maca uqbel tigawt niven ara yevrun deg yimal ula d nettat. Mi ara yili ad yili + amyag yeftin $er yezri weêd-s kan, ur yettwaqren ara $er tigawt niven n yimal ne$ $er wakud n yimal, yezmer ad d-imel kra deg icukk kan bnadem ad yevru ( am tefyirt tis tlata). Llant temnavin ideg ssexdamen da$en ad ta$ akka am ad + ili. D acu kan deg waydeg mxalafen: ili mazal ifetti d wudmawen akk, ma d ad ta$, kan akka i yett$imi.

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77

Imedyaten� Yerzef $er gma-s. � Yebna deg-s.� Yerzef $ur-s. � Yeffe$ d yimeddukkal-is.� Yebna deg wakal-is. � Yeffe$ yid-sen.

1. Amek i asen-qqaren i yisemmaden i d-ggarent tenza$?2. D acu i yezmer ad yili usemmad s tenze$t: d isem ne$ d amqim awsil?3. Ay$er ur ineîîev ara umqim awsil $er tenze$t?4. D acu yessenfal umqim awsil n tenze$t?5. D acu yellan gar tenze$t d umqim awsil?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma Tazabut

� • La ttnadi$ fell-am, anida telliv?� Win yewwten deg-ne$ la smaê.� Ufan-a$ abrid wigi sennig-ne$.

Senfel yal isem s umqim awsil n tenze$t.� Tezdel ddaw yis$aren.� Yecrek d watmaten-is.� Iqeîîu-d s yidrimen.� Yewqeε gar yiéra.�• Yunag $er temdint.� Yekka-d nnig yimeddukkal-is.

Kkes allus s umqim awsil n tenze$t.� Yu$-d takerrust. Ixeddem s tkerrust.� Iêemmel taftist. deg unebdu, ittruêu $er teftist.� Yeddem-d iblaven. Yewwet aqjun s yiblaven.� Iêemmel arraw-is. Ixeddem $ef warraw-is.

TirawaltTizdit gar tenze$t d umqim awsil

Amqim udmawan yezmer ad yili d ilelli ( nekk, keçç, netta…) ne$ d awsil ama n yisem ( isem-iw), ama n umyag ( yessen-iyi, yenna-as), ama n tenze$t ( fell-asen, fell-i…). gar tenze$t d umqim awsil tettili tezdit. Yu$ lêal yal mi ara yili umqim d awsil, Gar-as d wawal wu$ur yeqqen tettili tezdit, ay akken yeb$u yili wawal-nni.

Gret tamawt: kra n tenza$ ttbeddilent ciîîuê gar mi ara yili d isem i tent-id-ivefern akked mi ara yili d amqim awsil: s ®® yis-, d ®® yid-, $er ®® $ur-Tanze$t « ar » yeîîafar-itt yisem ilelli, ma d amaruz i tt-id-ivefren, teêsiv d $er i ilaq ad taruv; ur ilaq ara ad taruv: iruê ar uxxam.

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79

d asexdem n tira $ef yiéekwan i d-lemden $ur-sen. Acku di temnavin niven n Tmaz$a –- deg umalu, deg tlemmast, deg tneéruft - $ef yiéra ay uran s tfina$ maca d iéra yexvan iéekwan. Ula d leεmer n tfina$ yemmal-d belli di Tmaz$a i d-frurint. Imussnawen yettnadin deg temsalt n umezruy nsent, ufan d tira yellan deg utaram, meêsub tid ibeεden $ef Qerîaj, ay d tiqdimin akk. Limer si Qerîaj i d-kkant tira-a nne$ tili d tid iqerben $er temdinin n Yifniqen ara yilin d tiqdimin, ad agarent tiyav. Yerna, da$en, akken b$un semm$en Yifniqen tira nsen d yidles nsen, ur ten-ssawaven ara alama d tamiwin iggugen aîas fell-asen, am tneéruft d Tegzirin Tiknariyin.

Tis tlata, amcabi ttemcabin yisekkilen ur yesεi azal ameqqran acku drus i yettemcabin yerna isekkilen n tfina$ d at-t$emmar ( [, Ψ… H,][ , ...) ma d wid n Yifniqen ur sεin ara ti$emmar. Mebla ma nettu, tifina$, ttarun-tent, zik-nni, seg usawen d akessar ma d agemmay afniqi iteddu seg uyeffus s azelmav.

Ihi, tagrayt n wawal d ta: izmer lêal, $er Yifniqen i d-lemden yimezwura nne$ asemres n tira $ef yiéekwan maca ur d-wwin ara $ur-sen agemmay. Amek, agemmay newwi-t-id maca nbeddel-as tanila? Ay$er? Amek, tira nelmed-itt-id $er Yifniqen maca anagar setta n yisekkilen i yettemcabin gar tfina$ d tira nsen? Ay$er ara nbeddel tal$a i yisekkilen akk slid setta? Tamsalt-a n umcabi, ur tettεedday ara di tewwurt. Ma yella kra n umcabi i$ef d-tewwi ad d-mmeslayen yimussnawen d win yellan gar tfina$ d yizamulen n téuri n Yimazi$en: aîas n yisekkilen n tfina$ i yettemcabin $er wunu$en yellan $ef yiéra ne$ $er rrqem i ttgent tlawin deg uéeîîa d win sunu$ent $ef leêwal n tala$t akked d wid i xeddment d ticrav. D unu$en-agi akk i d asurif amezwaru n Yimazi$en $er tira. Seg-sen i d-frurint tfina$. Ulac agemmay di ddunit i d-yennulfan kan akka $ef tikkelt. Di t$ermiwin akk, tella tallit i d-ineoren abrid i ugemmay. Limer s tidet d arval i d-nervel tira tafniqit, ay$er ur d-nufi ara ivrisen n tmazi$t uran s ugemmay afniqi am wakken llan kra n yivrisen yuran s yisekkilen n taεrabt di tallit talemmast akked wid yuran s ugemmay n tefransist di lqern wis 19 asmi d-kecmen Yirumyen? Aîas n temsal mazal ur frint ara, tewwi-d ad nesse$z deg-sent. Tewwi-d da$en ad d-nini belli aîas n yimazrayen i yeb$an ad a$-sneîven tamsalt-a n urval, amzun akken kra yellan $er wiyiv i t-id-newwi, ur yelli kra i d-nesnulfa. B$an ad a$-wellhen d ubrid n tatut d nngar. Di taggara, ad nessali awal akka: tifina$ d Imazi$en i tent-id-yesnulfan. Kunwi a tisutiwin n wass-a, yessefk ad teérem belli asmi tamazi$t nne$ tesεa tira, aîas n tutlayin ( Gar tid i d-yufraren ass-a di ddunit) mazal ur d-nnulfant ara. Ihi, ayen ihudd umezruy, ad t-ibnu umezruy.

R.ΣNegmer-d kra n tikta i tira n uvris-a

Seg uvris n S. HACHI akked S. CHAKER

80

Tigzi n uvris

å I wumi yettmeslay umaru deg uvris-a?

ç Deg uvris llant snat n turdiwin (leôyuy), ini-d anti?

é Anta turda i ira umaru ad tt-ihudd? Anta turda ukkud yeb$a ad neddu?

è Suffe$-d seg uvris ifukal i$ef ters yal yiwet si turdiwin.

ê Amaru n uvris yeqqim d arawsan ne$ yemla-d εinani imal $er yiwet n turda mgal

tayev? Amek? Segzi-d. Anwa amur n uvris ideg d-issken sani imal

ë Suffe$-d seg uvris imedyaten i yessexdem umaru akken ad d-issegzi ifukal-is.

Ad cfu$

Avris imesfukel d avris ideg win i t-yuran yettnadi ad ibeddel tidmi (ôôay) n win ara t-ye$ren $ef kra n temsalt. Ad iεrev ad t-isellez (ad t-iqenneε) s takti ines, ad t-id-yawi $er tmu$li ines. Daymi, di tuget, ameskar n uvris imesfukel, maççi d arawsan, yettmili $er kra n takti ne$ kra n tidmi. Da$-netta aîas n tmitar, deg uvris, i yes$alen $ur-s am yimqimen d yimataren n wudem amezwaru ( ama n wasuf, ama n usget): nekk / nekkni, ...$, n…; ….-iw, …nne$,.-iyi, …ya$, atg. Avris imesfukel yezmer ad yeddes s snat n turdiwin. A$awas-is, ad yili akka: tazwart, ad d-yebder deg-s umaru tamukrist ne$ tamsalt i$ef ara d-yawi awal; taseddart n turda tamezwarut; taseddart niven n tmeglurda ( turda mgal tamezwarut); taseddart n tsemlilt, ad yeεrev deg-s ad yessemlil turda d tmeglurda, ad d-yeffe$ s yiwen ôôay. Yal turda tbedd $ef yifukal, wigi da$en bedden –- xas akken tikwal kan - $ef yimedyaten. Di tuget, d turda ira ad tt-isse$li umaru i d tamezwarut; tameglurda tettas-d d tis snat i wakken ad d-tejbed ame$ri.

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81

AsefruImazi$en

Zed$en idles, tutlayinSi lemqadra n yi$erfan

Am warrac am teêdayinLemmden $er widak yecfan

Ass-a, Imazi$en ur εyinMyufanØØØ

Zed$en tamurt n llhuYesdukkel yisem n Tmaz$a

Ad nekkes ssbi$aI tlisa i d-igan macahu

£ef lbaîel nnehhuAfus nne$ uroin yen$a

D agellid la$aS tmazi$t tugdut ad telhu.

ØØØImazi$en Imula

Zed$en lemwaji n rrmelAkked yidurar n waman

Zed$en times d udfel I asen-itt$iman $e f yigelmanZed$en Aîlas akked Ttel

£ef i d-gman

ØØØZed$en amada$ tiégi

£ef t$altin sersen tudrinVsan i yal inebgi

I asen-i$evmen tiyedrinSseêra s lxir tneggi

Nutni ur t-érinØØØ

Zed$en fad n bessifZed$en teréeg n wussan

Amezruy d asifYessemsan lateô ansi d-usan

Ay iîij nsen uxsifA tafat nsen yensan

Sεan tiî ad tsiffIdisan n kra n win d-iksan

ØØØZed$en ccfawa n tatutCeffun kan $ef tmucuha

Yal wa anda iεebba aêtutD ubrid-is iwehha

Amezruy win ib$un yaru-tUr nnin: ha!

ØØØ

[...]

82

Tallit n wass-a, d tallit n tal$ut d teywalt. Amdan, yezga yettaf-d iman-is am win ibedden

gar sin n yiberdan. Yettas-as-id ufran yewεer, gar t$uri d usmuzget. ÔÔÖadyu tettas-d s sshala,

mebla leεtab. Amseflid n ôadyu isell isalan s yives, ad yebren kan tiqeffilt ad d-yeîîef.

£as asefled n ôadyu yettas-d s sshala ur nezmir ara ad d-nini ta$uri n yidlisen tekfa. Imi di

tmura sut-t$erma meqqren am Fransa, Lalman d Marikan… ad ilin yimdanen i iêemmlen

ad qqimen i yiman nsen akken ad xemmen amek ara gzun amaval ideg ddren.

Maca ass-a, ad yesêissef umdan $ef uktam n yime$riyen n yidlisen ula di tmura yesεan

ansay aqbur deg yidles yuran.

£as akka, ta$uri n yidlisen ur tettmettat ara. Acimi ? Acku adlis yettawes-a$ ad

neswingem mi nella di tussaft, d netta i d asafar i ugezdef. Adlis d ameddakkel n umdan,

uroin i as-yessuter kra, uroin i t-yesnu$ni anagar tamussni i as-d-yettawi $ef yimedyazen,

d yineggalen, d yimassanen… d netta i d takatut n talsa. Deg yidlisen i nezmer ad d-nagem

timεayin n ddunit. Kra n wayen neéra ne$ nessen deg-s i yella. Yis-s i nettaga aswingem d

umahil aggag. Di tumert ne$ deg u$ilif, adlis yezga $er yidis nne$, yerna yessinig-a$ mebla

idrimen $er yi$iren uroin nwala, nrezzu $er-sen mebla ma nga asurif.

Kra n umdan i yeqqaren idlisen, ldin-as allen, fkan-as tamussni ad as-tessken iberdan.

Degmi, imir-a, ime$riyen n tidet ur zmiren ara ad rewlen $ef t$uri ne$ ad tt-ooen imi

teqqel-asen d asedwel, d tannumi.

Öadyu d yidlisenAvris&2Tagzemt tis

83

Asegzi n wawalen

Yudsen, ades: qerreb

Swingem (d awal n tcelêit): xemmem

Tussaft : mi ara teqqimev weêd-k.

Tal$ut: isalan

Aktam: anqas

Ad nnadi $ef unamek n uvris

å Acu i iêemmel umdan, d adlis ne$ d asefled n ôadyu?

ç Acu i t-id-yemmalen?

é Amek yettarra usefled n ôadyu amdan?

è Acu i d-tettawi t$uri n yidlisen i umdan?

ê Ayen d adlis i yesεan ame$lid aîas?

ë Efk-d ifukal?

í Ayen ur yezmir ara ume$ri n tidet ad yeoo ta$uri?

84

Amawal

1. Efk-d sin wawalen yezdin aéar d wawal « takatut » , rnu-d sin akked wawal « talsa » .

2. Acu i d anamek n tenfalit ?

� Yufa-d iman-is am win ibedden gar sin yiberdan ?� Adlis d takatut n talsa?� Nrezzu $er tmura mebla ma nga asurif ?

3. Efk-d inemgalen n wawalen-agi

Md: Tumert ≠ a$ilif

�• Asmuzget ¹≠�• Amiri ≠�• Su$ ≠�• ÎïÏîef ≠� Kcem ¹≠� Snu$ni ≠

–4. Nadi-d deg uvris aknaw i wawalen-agi

� Asmuzget = � Tallit n wass-a =� Yettawi-d =� Sshala =

5. Af-d ismawen n tigawt n yimyagen-agi Md: Sefled ®® asefled

� Sêisef ®®� qqim�• éer ®®� Izmir ®®� Suter ®®� Swingem ®®

6. Suffe$-d seg uvris aktawal n usikel.

85

Tis$unin n t$uniTajerrumt

£er imedyaten-agi� B$i$ ad ddu$ maca uggade$ imennan.� Ass-a d uzekka, d ageffur.� Argaz akked tmeîîut-is qqimen $er lkanun.� Ad yeddu ne$ ad yeqqim.

1. Acêal n yisumar i yellan di tefyirt tamezwarut?2. Anwa awal swayes qqnen?3. I di tefyirt tis snat, acu-ten wawalen i yeqqen « d »?4. I di tefyirt taneggarut, acu-ten wawalen i yeqqen « ne$ » ?5. Acu xeddmen wawalen « d, ne$ ... »?6. Amek i asen-nessawal?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Derrer tis$unin di tefyar i d-iteddun.�����Tamda-agi zeddiget ihi telha i usuccef.� Asuccef deg yilel yelha maca yewεer.� Ad d-yas ne$ ad t-nekkes.� Qqimen yinelmaden akked yiselmaden nsen.� Ur d-yusi ara, ihi yuven.

Smed ilmawen s tes$unin-a: ne$, maca, d$a, maεna.� D sskeô … d tisent?� Ad iruê …. ad yeqqim.� Yeb$a ad yeddu…. yuven.� Ye$li…. yemmut.� D igellil …. yu$-d takerrust.

Semres tis$unin-agi di tefyar s-$ur-k.� Maca, ihi, ne$, akked, d$a.

Tafyirt tumyigt yesεan ugar n yiwen umyag, qqaren-as tafyirt tuddist. Tafyirt tuddist, llan deg-s, ma ulac, sin yimuren i wumi qqaren isumar. Assa$ gar sin yisumar-a yezmer ad yili d ta$uni ne$ d asagel. (èÉer tamsirt $ef usagel akked t$uni). Ta$uni tezmer ad tili mebla tas$unt md: yeçça, yeswa maca yettili da$en s tes$unt n t$uni (yecban tigi i d-nefren s wadda). Tas$unt d awal armeskil. Llant tes$unin n usagel, llant tid n t$uni.

Tis$unin n t$uni teqqnent awal s awal ne$ asumer s asumer. Maca awalen d yisumar-agi tt$iman d ilelliyen. Ha-tent-a kra n tes$unin n t$uni: d, akked, ne$, maca, ahat, yerna, d$a, lad$a, wamag(wanag), ihi, walakin, maεna… tis$unin n t$uni bvant d taggayin almend n unamek nsent.

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Asefti n yimyagen « seddu », « myaru ».Smed tafelwit-a

Udmawen n tseftit Izri Urmir

Izri ilaway Izri ibawayUrmir s « ad »

Anav aêerfi

asuf

dm. 1u

dm. w2dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.

asge

t

dm. 1u

dm. w2 m.dm. w2 nt.dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.

Ama$un n yizri:Ilaway :Ibaway :

Ama$un n wurmir:

Udmawen n tseftit Urmir ussid Anav ussid

asuf

dm. 1u

dm. w2dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.

asge

t

dm. 1u

dm. w2 m.dm. w2 nt.dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.

Ama$un n wurmir ussid:Ilaway:

Ibaway:

Isegzal: dm. = udem m. = amalay nt. = unti dm 1u = udem amezwaru dm w2, w3 = udem wis sin, udem wis tlata.

Taseftit Tafelwit n tseftit

87

£er imedyaten-agi� Yedda-d gma-s�• Iôuê $ur-sen.� Yefka-as-ten-in ivelli.� Ad d-yas azekka.� Ad n-yeddu yid-sen Meqran.� Ad tent-in-yazen akked baba-s.

1. Muqel amedya amezwaru, acu nerra gar umyag d tzel$a n tnila ?2. Kkset tizdit te$rem-d amedya i tikkelt tis snat. Ibeddel unamek ne$ ala?3. Anda nerra tizdit?4. Muqlet imedyaten, tinim-d anda nettarra tizdit?5. Acu$er i tt-nettarra dinna?

Ad cfu$

Ilu$ma

Err tizdit anda iwata.

� Irvel asen ten sin n yiseggasen aya maca ar ass a yiwen ur inuda ad as ten id yerr.� Mi n yewwev, ini as ad yi d yessiwel akken ad t sfehme$.� Acêal i as fkan deg s?� Melmi i d tewwiv awal fell as?

A$ ççen ibeεεac

Ad yekfu lεebd yettfuxun

Efk-d imedyaten i kra n wanda tella tezdit.

TirawaltTizdit

Nettarra tizdit : �• Gar umyag d tzel$iwin n tnila: Md: yusa-d, ad d-yas. Ad n-yas, yusa-n. � Gar yisem d uwsil-is (deg wasuf kan): Md: axxam-is, maca axxam nsen, axxam ines. � Gar umyag d yiwsilen-is (ama zwaren ama ggran, ama d isemmaden usriden ama d irusriden). Md: - Yewwi-as-ten-id. - Ad as-ten-id-yawi. � Gar tenze$t d uwsil-is: Md: $ur-sen, ddaw-as, nnig-i �• Gar yiwsilen n umyag d tzel$iwin n tnila: Md: ad as-ten-in-yawi.

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Tiririt i temsalt i icban tagi t$umm kan, balak txulef ayen i wumi tsellev yal ass anda niven, axaîer akka i t-wala$ lameô-agi. Amek ?

Ur ilaq ara ad as-yini umdan i wayev d acu n yixef i ilaqen ad t-yaru. Amdan ad yili i yiman-is kan.

Nekk ilaq-iyi ad aru$ s temsalt-agi ne$ s tayev, axaîer ma tenniv i yiman-ik : ilaq ad aru$ s temsalt-a ne$ s ta, d ayen n dir ara taruv.

Ur yeεdil ara umaru ara d-yesnulfun adlis ara d-yini seg uqerru-s, seg wul-is, akked win ara yarun idlisen ne$ i$misen yellan d aslav. Aslav d aslav, tira d tira. Sin n yiberdan-agi

ur εdilen ara, amek ?

Ma twalav ilaq, ad d-thedrev $ef uxxam ne$ $ef wayev, teériv ilaq-ak ad d-tiniv ayen yellan, ayen twala tiî-ik d wayen yesla umeééu$-ik; ad tesfehmev i l$aci ayen ahat ur érin ara.

Maca win i d-yesnulfuyen adlis ne$ taqsivt ne$ ayen niven, mi ad d-teffe$ seg uqerru-s, maççi d aslev kan, ilaq ula s-$ur-s ad yernu kra, yerna a-t-an yeéra tamsalt-nni. Ma teooiv-tt kan akken s-ufella, amar ad d-yas wayen ara txedmev, ur d-tetteffe$ ara akken ilaq; ilaq-ak ad tt-tkemlev alama d ayen tgerrez, meêsub ur tettizmirev ara ad ternuv syin akkin. Deg mi ula d netta s yiman-is yettêussu s wanect-agi, amek?

Yella wass, ad d-tekkrev ûûbeê, ad d-tafev igenni icbeê, ad t-id-tafev yeldi-a$ tiwwura, tikta ad d-ttôuêunt seg uqerru ne$ seg wul, ad asent-êusse$ laqent. D akken, win ara tent-ye$ren, win ara tent-iwalin urant di tektabt, ad tent-yaf laqent, ôuêent-d akken yelha.

Tira d umaruAvris&

Deg useggas n 1974, Muêemmed Garfi d Ben Muêemmed sεan yiwet n tesgilt di ôadyu tis-snat, isem-is : “Timlilit n ddurt, yal wa ad as-nbedd $ef tewwurt”.

£ef waya, ôuêen yiwen wass $er Dda Lmulud $er CRAPE anda yella di lawan-nni d imvebber. Steqsan-t $ef wamek i yettwali axeddim n umaru, amek i ilaq ad yaru, d acu i$ef ilaq ad yaru…” yerra-asen-d:

89

Llant tûebêiyin niven, ad d-tekkrev, ad d-tafev igenni i$umm, sekkwôent tewwura-s, ayen?

Axaîer ass-nni ur d-yeldi ara walla$-ik $ef wayagi. Yella lxilaf gar wayen ara taruv teériv-t d wayen ara taruv ur t-teériv ara. Ur ilaq ara i umdan ad d-yesnulfu ayen i d-yenna uqerru-s, acku d amdan am yimdanen niven, ad d-yini ayen i$ef mlalen, ayen i t-yeεnan, ayen yellan di lbal meôôa.

Ilaq ad d-thedrev $ef wayen i ized$en di lbal i medden meôôa, ma d ayen i d-qqaren nutni s yiman nsen, yal ûbeê ad afen menwala ad t-id-yini, fiêel ma tenniv-t-id, ur d-tenniv ara ayen ara stenfεen medden. Ma d$a di tmurt nne$, d ayen i isehlen. Amek?

Tamurt nne$, tewwi-d tilelli maççi aîas aya. Akken kan tebda deg ubrid-agi amaynut, tamurt d taqdimt, maca d ayen ara d-yini i ixuûûen, nekk ad d-ini$ iîîuqet, iççuô; fehme$ taεkemt-nni i wumi ur zmiren ara yimdanen, d ayen ur nferru, maca ilaq-as ad ifren gar-asent, ilaq tin ara yextir ad tt-ye$z alama win ara as-d-islen ad as-yaf anamek i wayen i d-yeqqar.»

Seg « Awal $ef Dda Lmulud » sb : 47- 49

Ad nnadi $ef unamek n uvris

å Amek i yettwali umeskar tamsalt n tira ?

ç Acu n umgired i iwala gar tira d tmenna?

é £ef wacu i d-tewwi ad yaru umeskar? Acu$er?

è I umaru amek i as-d-tewwi ad yaru $ef temsalt?

ê Melmi i yettaf umaru iman-is di tira?

ë I mi ara nettaru $ef tmurt, acu i d-tewwi ad t-id-nini fell-as?

í Teshel tira n yidlisen ne$ tewεer ? Acu$er ?

Ad cfu$

Afares s tira

Deg yiseggasen-agi ineggura nettwali tawennavt terka, tlu$ maççi d kra. Tadawsa-s temmar. Acu i d-tewwi ad t-yexdem umdan akken ad iêareb $ef tdawsa-s d twennavt ideg yettidir.

Avris imesfukel d avris ideg win i t-yuran yettnadi ad ibeddel tidmi (ôôay) n win ara t-ye$ren $ef kra n temsalt. Ad iεrev ad t-isellez (ad t-iqenneε) s takti ines, ad t-id-yawi $er tmu$li ines. Daymi, di tuget, ameskar n uvris imesfukel, maççi d arawsan, yettmili $er kra n takti ne$ kra n tidmi. Da$-netta aîas n tmitar, deg uvris, i yes$alen $ur-s am yimqimen d yimataren n wudem amezwaru ( ama n wasuf, ama n usget): nekk / nekkni, ...$, n…; ….-iw, …nne$,.-iyi, …ya$, atg. Avris imesfukel yezmer ad yesεu yiwet kan n turda.

]

90

Asefru

Ad nnadi $ef unamek n usefru

å Ayen yeggul wul $ef tevsa? ê Amek tga ti$mi?

ç Acu i t-yerzan? ë Amek tu$al tura?

é Anwi i yettlusun abernus? í Amek i rran bab n ubernus?

è Amek i d-yettban mi i t-yelsa? ì Acu-t waggur i$ef d-yettmeslay umeskar?

Abernus amellal

Kkes-d anida ur yeddiLebda d ibeddi

Nnif yezga d amwanes-is

ØØØAy abernus mellulen

Ay$er i k-beddlen Tettun seg wansi i d-tekkiv

ØØØAy atma aql-i-n mlelli$

Uggade$ ad $li$

Maççi d aîîan ay uvne$

ØØØTevra d wul amzun yessev

Mi k-yeéra tumsevYesseréeg ula d ired

[…]ØØØ

Am wass-a ad t-ifsusevÜûber i wumi têussev

S yifassen nne$ ad k-nessired

ØØØAy atma ur gezzmet layas

I tmennam ad d-yasAggur am wass-a ad d-ilal

Ïeyyeb ¦ΣEBDELLISeg udlis «Anthologie de la poésie kabyle »

de Yusef NASIB

Tamu$li-w s adrar tvulMmeslaye$ d wul

Yenna-k kra ur iyi-ihwi

ØØØÊËusse$ ittmeyyiz yettmuqul

£ef tevsa yeggulMudde$-as lêeqq ma yerwi

ØØØAbernus yellan mellul

Beddlen-as nnulAss-a yu$al d aqehwi

[…]

ØØØAy abernus amellal

A mmi-s n leêlalTeêsiv s yifassen i k-yezvan

ØØØBab-ik rran-t d tisulal

Deg wasmi ara d-ilal

Ulac teréeg i t-yexvan

ØØØKkes-d lmeêna ur d-imlal

Yerna ur yuklalYectaq ives ula deg wuvan

ØØØËekkun-iyi-d $ef jeddi

Mi ara d-iεeddi Am yizem s ubernus-is

91

Ad ktazle$ iman-iw

Acu i twalav deg usenfar i d-turam?

Wali ma tzemrev :

ê Ad takzev avris imesfukel?

ç Ad t-tegzuv ?

é Ad d-tmeslayev $ef kra n temsalt yerna ad d-tefkev fell-as ifukal ?

è Ad d-tefkev asentel d yifukal iwatan ?

ê Ad d-te$rev avris imesfukel yerna ad tegzuv ?

ë Ad d-txedmev agzul i uvris i wumi tesliv ?

í Ad d-talsev i uvris te$riv s tmenna?

Melmi i tettafev iman-ik? mi txeddmev:

å ………. weêd-k ?

ç ………. di sin ?

é ………. d agraw ?

è ………. d yinelmaden n tesmilt akken ma llan ?

Muqel ma tzemrev ?

å Ad takzev imal yezwaren ?

ç Ad takzev tis$unin n t$uni?

é Ad takzev tis$unin n usagel?

è Ad takzev addad n yisem?

ê Ad d-terrev tizdit kra n wanda twata?

ë Ad tesmersev akk timeéra d tal$iwin n yimyagen?

92

Amawal

N° Tamazi$t Tafransist

01 Abadad (seg bedd, bded : être debout) (pan-berbère) Arrêt02 Afatus, (ifutas) (seg ftutes: être émietté) (kb) Détail 03 Agari (M.A) Cartouche 04 Agensay (Seg Agensu = intérieur) dialecte du Maroc Intérieur (adj.)05 Agezdef (clh) Paresse, oisiveté, désoeuvrement06 Amday (seg mdey= monter ( M.A) Montage07 Ame$lid (L j l) Bienfait, interêt08 Amiri ( seg ri, er : aimer) (LJL, MC£) Ami, amant09 Amnafeq (kb) Bandit dʼhonneur10 Amrig (MW) Arme 11 Amseflid (MW) Auditeur, écouteur. 12 Anallas (seg n : agent + ales : raconter, narrer) Narrateur 13 Anamkay (seg anamek: sens ) Sémantique14 Anammal (seg mel: indiquer) (kb) Indicateur 15 Anaw (clh) (M.A) Type 16 Anermas (seg rmes: saisir, recevoir) Récepteur 17 Armas Réception 18 Asagel (seg agel: suspendre, dépendre) seg : lexique de BERKAI Subordonnation 19 Asatal (B.B) Contexte 20 Asektem (MW) Débit, diminution21 Aselkim (lexique informtique de S. SAAD) Ordinateur22 Asmugen (seg meggen= penser, réfléchir ( M.A) Conception23 Asurif (kb). Pas (le)24 Awes (kb) Aider25 Ayis Cheval 26 Az$aray (Seg az$ar = extérieur (MZ) Extérieur27 Fates Etre détaillé28 Imesfukel (seg afakul : argument) (mw) Argumentatif 29 Ktem (MW) Débiter, diminuer30 Llez (kb) Etre content, convaincre31 Nnirset (M.A) Etre calme, tranquille

Amawal

93

32 Sefled (MW) Écouter 33 Sfates Détailler 34 Ste$ (M.A) Exploser35 Stummen (kb) Jouir de, prendre plaisir36 Swingem Penser, réfléchir37 Tabagust Ceinture38 Tafala (M.A) Baionnette 39 Tagrayt (MW) Conclusion 40 Takalast (B.B) Album 41 Takatut (MC£) Mémoire42 Tal$ut (MW) Information 43 Tamdayt ( M.A) Guet-apens44 Tameglurda (seg mgal: contre+ turda: hypothèse) Antithèse 45 Tamenzit (timenziyin) ( M.A) Épitaphe 46 Tanedlist ( seg n: lieu + adlis) Librairie 47 Tarelkint (Ar+lken= être sûr, certain) Incertitude

48 Tiggit (MC£)Sommet dʼun col, dʼune montagne

49 Timririn (kb) et (M.A)Kb: Embarras, gde difficultés /M.A: sentiers.

50 Tullist (MW) La nouvelle 51 Tussaft (L j l) Solitude52 Udad (MC£) Mouflon53 Yergeg (kb) Être dans lʼembarras

Isegzal :

�Clh : chleuh

� Kb : kabyle

� Ljl : Alojaly, dictionnaire touareg-français (parler du NiGar)

� M.A : Aîlas alemmas (Maroc)

��� ��MC£ : touareg

� Mw : amawal n tmazi$t tatrart

��� ��Mz : mozabite