Standard 1: Science as Inquiry The student will ... 9-12_revised.pdf · Earth Science 9 Biology 10...

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Earth Science 9 Biology 10 TEST 10 Chemistry App. Chemistry Human Biology Physics App. Physics

Note: A notation (Δ10 1.1.1) indicates the objective is tested at Grade 10. It gives the tested state indicator by standard, benchmark, and indicator (1.1.1). Updated June 29, 2007 1

Standard 1: Science as Inquiry Benchmark 1 The student will demonstrate abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.

Tech-niques

▲Designs investigations, including developing questions, gathering and analyzing data, and designing and conducting research 1.1.2 Develops and evaluates research questions. 1.1.1

▲Designs and investigations, including developing questions, gathering and analyzing data, and designing and conducting research. 1.1.2

▲Designs and investigations, including developing questions, gathering and analyzing data, and designing and conducting research. 1.1.2

Design and perform investigations using math and technology, data collection and analysis, and report results. 1.1.1

Design and perform investigations using math and technology, data collection and analysis, and report results. 1.1.1 Black represents new revisions

Applies scientific inquiry techniques to the design and development of scientific experiments and the reporting of results. (RED is former)

Design and perform investigations using math and technology, data collection and analysis, and report results. 1.1.1

Applies scientific inquiry techniques to the design and development of scientific experiments and the reporting of results.

Math and tech-nology

▲Correctly uses the appropriate technological tools and mathematics in their own scientific investigations 1.1.3

▲Correctly uses the appropriate technological tools and mathematics in their own scientific investigations. 1.1.3

▲Correctly uses the appropriate technological tools and mathematics in their own scientific investigations. 1.1.3

Uses technology and mathematics to develop, analyze, and defend scientific models.



Lab pro-cedures

▲Actively engages in conducting an inquiry, formulating and revising his or her scientific explanations and models (physical, conceptual, or mathematical) using logic and evidence, and recognizing that potential alternative explanations and models should be considered. 1.1.4

▲Actively engages in conducting an inquiry, formulating and revising his or her scientific explanations and models using logic and evidence, and recognizing that potential alternative explanations and models 1.1.4

▲Actively engages in conducting an inquiry, formulating and revising his or her scientific explanations and models using logic and evidence, and recognizing that potential alternative explanations and models 1.1.4

Evaluates laboratory procedures through peer review and replication.



Communicates (reports) and defends the design, results, and conclusion of his/her investigation. 1.1.5

Understands methods used to test hypotheses about the cause of a remote past event (historical hypothesis) that cannot be confirmed by experiment and/or direct




observation by formulating competing hypotheses and then collecting the kinds of data (evidence) that would support one and refute the other. 1.1.6

Standard 2A: Chemistry Benchmark 1: The student will understand the structure of the atom.

Atoms ▲Understands atoms, the fundamental organizational unit of matter, are composed of subatomic particles, organized in a small, dense, positively charged nucleus (containing protons and neutrons which determines the atomic mass) and surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud (containing electrons, which determines the size of the atom). 2a.1.1

▲Understands atoms, the fundamental organizational unit of matter, are composed of subatomic particles, organized in a small, dense, positively charged nucleus (containing protons and neutrons which determines the atomic mass) and surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud (containing electrons, which determines the size of the atom). 2a.1.1

Diagrams the structure of atoms and identifies charges of subatomic particles. 2a.1.1

Diagrams the structure of atoms and identifies charges of subatomic particles. 2a.1.1 Defines isotopes and radioactivity and describes the uses of each. 2a.1.2

Benchmark 2: The student will understand the states and properties of matter. Isotopes Understands chemists

use kinetic and potential energy to explain the physical and chemical properties of matter on earth. Matter may exist in any of these three states: solids, liquids, and gases. 2a.2.1

Kinetic and potential energy determines the states of matter. 2a.2.1

Kinetic and potential energy determines the states of matter. 2a.2.1

Periodic table

▲Understands the periodic table lists elements according to increasing atomic

▲Understands the periodic table lists elements according to increasing atomic

The periodic table organizes the elements by trends. 2.a.2.2

The periodic table organizes the elements by trends. 2.a.2.2




number. This table organizes physical and chemical trends by groups, periods, and categories. 2a.2.2

number. This table organizes physical and chemical trends by groups, periods, and categories. 2a.2.2

Elements and com-pounds

▲Understands chemical bonds result when valence electrons are transferred or shared between atoms. Ionic compounds result from atoms transferring electrons. Molecular compounds result from atoms sharing electrons. 2a.2.3

▲Understands chemical bonds result when valence electrons are transferred or shared between atoms. Ionic compounds result from atoms transferring electrons. Molecular compounds result from atoms sharing electrons. 2a.2.3

Energy Gases

Benchmark 3: The student will gain a basic concept of chemical reactions. Reac-tions

▲Understands a chemical reaction occurs when one or more substances (reactants) react to form a different chemical substance(s) (products). 2a.3.1

▲Understands a chemical reaction occurs when one or more substances (reactants) react to form a different chemical substance(s) (products). 2a.3.1

Reac-tions

Understands there are different types of chemical reactions all of which demonstrate the Law of Conservation of Mass (e.g., synthesis, decomposition, combustion, single and double replacement, acid/base, and oxidation/reduction). 2a.3.2

Conser-vation of




mass Reac-tions

Reac-tions

Acids and

bases

Standard 2B: Physics Benchmark 1: The student will understand the relationships between force and motion. Motion Understands physicists

use conservation laws to analyze the motion of objects. 2b.1.2

Understands physicists use conservation laws to analyze motion of objects. 2b.1.2

Describes motion of objects in terms of displacement, velocity, and acceleration.

New-ton’s 3 Laws

▲Understands Newton’s Laws and the kinematic variables of time, position, velocity, and acceleration can be used to describe the position and motion of particles. 2b.1.1

▲Understands Newton’s Laws and the kinematic variables of time, position, velocity, and acceleration can be used to describe the position and motion of particles. 2b.1.1

*Understands Newton’s Laws and the variables of time, position, velocity, and acceleration can be used to describe the position and motion of particles. 2b.1.1

Analyzes and applies Newton’s Three Laws of Motions.

Attract-ing

forces

Compares and contrasts the attractive forces created by gravity and/or charged particles.

Elec-tricity

Analyzes the relationship between electricity and magnetism and the impact of both on electromagnetic forces.




Circular motion

Investigates circular motion and the forces creating such motion.

Investigates circular motion and the forces creating such motion.

Benchmark 2: The student will understand the conservation of mass and energy, and the First & Second Laws of Thermodynamics. Energy Understands matter has

energy. Mass and energy can be interchanged. The total energy in the universe is constant, but the type of energy may vary. 2b.2.1

Matter has energy. 2b.2.1

Matter has energy. Mass and energy can be interchanged. The total energy in the universe is constant, but the type of energy may vary.2b.2.1

Describes and differentiates among different types of energy (kinetic, potential, heat, electromagnetic).

Conser-vation of

matter

▲Understands the first law of thermodynamics states the total internal energy of a substance (the sum of all the kinetic and potential energies of its constituent molecules) will change only if heat is exchanged with the environment or work is done on or by the substance. In any physical interaction, the total energy in the universe is conserved. 2b.2.2

▲Understands the first law of thermodynamics states the total internal energy of a substance (the sum of all the kinetic and potential energies of its constituent molecules) will change only if heat is exchanged with the environment or work is done on or by the substance. In any physical interaction, the total energy in the universe is conserved. 2b.2.2

Conservation of energy. 2b.2.2

*Understands the first law of thermodynamics states the total internal energy of a substance will change only if heat is exchanged with the environment or work on or by the substance. In any physical interaction, the total energy in the universe is conserved. 2b2.2

Identifies real-world examples of the laws of conservation of matter and energy.

Understands the Second Law of Thermodynamics states the entropy of a system isolated from transfer of matter and/or energy will not decrease. 2b.2.3

Energy flows from hot to cold. 2b.2.3

Understands the second law of thermodynamics that states the entropy of the universe is increasing. 2b.2.3

Heat Investigates through laboratory

Investigates through laboratory




procedures aspects of heat including temperature, flow, and thermodynamics.

procedures aspects of heat including temperature, flow, and thermodynamics.

Benchmark 3: The student will understand the nature of the fundamental interactions of matter and energy. Waves ▲Understands waves

have energy and can transfer energy when they interact with matter. 2b.3.2

▲Understands waves have energy and can transfer energy when they interact with matter. 2b.3.2

Attraction/repulsion properties of atoms. 2b.3.1

*Understands waves have energy and can transfer energy when they interact with matter. 2b.3.3

Compares and contrasts all aspects of transverse and longitudinal waves.

Electro-magnetic

▲Understands electromagnetic waves result when a charged particle is accelerated or decelerated. 2b.3.3

▲Understands electromagnetic waves result when a charged particle is accelerated or decelerated. 2b.3.3

*Understands electromagnetic waves result when a charged particle is accelerated or decelerated. 2b.3.5

Light Electromagnetic spectrum. 2b.3.3

Evaluates both theories used to explain the behavior of light (particle theory vs. wave theory).

Electric Circuits

Identifies the types of electrical circuits and their components.

Identifies the types of electrical circuits and their components.

Conduc-tors

Evaluates conductors and insulators on a continuum.

Standard 3: Life Science Benchmark 1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the structure and function of the cell.

Cell function

▲Understands cell functions involve specific chemical reactions. 3.1.2

▲Understands cell functions involve specific chemical reactions. 3.1.2

Explains how cells function and replicate as a result of information stored




in DNA and RNA molecules.

Benchmark 2: The student will demonstrate an understanding of chromosomes, genes, and the molecular basis of heredity. Heredity ▲Understands living

organisms contain DNA and RNA as their genetic material, which provides the instructions that specify the characteristics of organisms. 3.2.1

▲Understands living organisms contain DNA and RNA as their genetic material, which provides the instructions that specify the characteristics of organisms. 3.2.1

Describes how DNA and RNA provide the instructions that specify the characteristics of organisms.

DNA ▲Understands hereditary information is contained in genes, located in the chromosomes of each cell. 3.2.3

▲Understands hereditary information is contained in genes, located in the chromosomes of each cell. 3.2.3

Describes how genetic traits carried on genes and chromosomes influence inherited characteristics.

Benchmark 3: The student will understand the major concepts of the theory of biological evolution. Bio-

diversity ▲Understands

organisms vary widely within and between populations. Variation allows for natural selection to occur. 3.3.4

▲Understands organisms vary widely within and between populations. Variation allows for natural selection to occur. 3.3.4

Benchmark 4: The student will understand the interdependence of organisms and their interaction with the physical environment. Inter-

dependence

▲Understands atoms and molecules on the earth cycle among the living and nonliving components of the biosphere. 3.4.1

▲Understands atoms and molecules on the earth cycle among the living and nonliving components of the biosphere. 3.4.1

Energy in eco-systems

▲Understands the distributions and abundance of organisms and populations in ecosystems are limited by the carrying capacity. 3.4.3

▲Understands the distributions and abundance of organisms and populations in ecosystems are limited by the carrying capacity. 3.4.3




Benchmark 5: The student will develop an understanding of matter, energy, and organization in living systems.

Photo-synthesis

▲Understands the sun is the primary source of energy for life through the process of photosynthesis. 3.5.2

▲Understands the sun is the primary source of energy for life through the process of photosynthesis. 3.5.2

Respir-ation

▲Understands food molecules contain biochemical energy, which is then available for cellular respiration. 3.5.3

▲Understands food molecules contain biochemical energy, which is then available for cellular respiration. 3.5.3

Explains how the energy contained in food nutrients is made available through cellular respiration.

Benchmark 6: The student will understand the behavior of animals. ▲Understands

animals have behavioral responses to internal changes and external stimuli 3.6.1

▲Understands animals have behavioral responses to internal changes and external stimuli 3.6.1

Benchmark 7: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the diversity of structure and function in organisms. Organi-zation

Understands differences in structure and function among organisms and can identify the charac-teristics of relevant life forms. 3.7.1

Outlines the levels and organization of human body systems.

Anatomy Describes the anatomy and physiology of each of the eleven body systems: • Integumentary

(skin) • Skeletal • Muscular • Endocrine • Respiratory • Circulatory • Digestive




• Excretory • Reproductive • Immune • Nervous

Benchmark 8: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the diversity of structure and function in organisms & their human relationships and medical effects. Research

Standard 4: Earth and Space Science Benchmark 1: The student will develop an understanding of the sources of energy that power the subsystems and cycles of the dynamic Earth: the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. Energy sources

Drift Understands constructive and destructive processes dynamically reshape the surface of the Earth. 4.1.1

Crusts Tectonic plates

▲Understands the theory of plate tectonics explains that internal energy drives the Earth’s ever changing structure. 4.1.2

▲Understands the theory of plate tectonics explains that internal energy drives the Earth’s ever changing structure. 4.1.2

Tectonic stress

Circu-lation

Climate Understands that the ultimate source of atmospheric and oceanic energy comes from the Sun. Energy flow determines global climate and weather which is influenced by geographic features, cloud cover, and the Earth’s rotation. 4.1.3

Benchmark 2: The student will develop an understanding of the origin and development of the dynamic Earth system. ▲Understands geological ▲Understands Diagrams and




time is used to understand the Earth’s past. 4.2.1

geological time is used to understand the Earth’s past. 4.2.1

explains the water cycle.

Benchmark 3: The student will develop an understanding of dynamics of our solar system. Understands gravitational

attraction of objects in the solar system keeps solar system objects in orbit. 4.3.1

▲Understands the relationship between the Earth, Moon, and Sun explains the seasons, tides and moon phases. 4.3.2

▲Understands the relationship between the Earth, Moon, and Sun explains the seasons, tides and moon phases. 4.3.2

Solar system

Understands the relative sizes and distances of objects in the solar system. 4.3.3

Understands the Sun, Earth, and other objects in the solar system formed from a nebular cloud of dust and gas. 4.3.4

Benchmark 4: The student will develop an understanding of the organization of the universe and its development. Origin of universe

▲Understands the current scientific explanation of the origin and structure of the universe. 4.4.2

▲Understands the current scientific explanation of the origin and structure of the universe. 4.4.2

Star life Understands stellar evolution. 4.4.1

Standard 5: Technology Benchmark 1: The student will develop an understanding that technology is applied science. ▲Understands

technology is the application of scientific knowledge for functional purposes. 5.1.1

▲Understands technology is the application of scientific knowledge for functional purposes. 5.1.1

▲Understands technology is the application of scientific knowledge for functional purposes. 5.1.1

Technology is the application of science for functional purposes. 5.1.1

Summarizes and reports on current events in science and technology.


Technology is the application of science for functional purposes. 5.1.1


Creativity and Creativity and




imagination, broad knowledge base. 5.1.2

imagination, broad knowledge base.5.1.1

Science advances technology. 5.1.3

Science advances technology. 5.1.3

Standard 6: Science in Personal and Environmental Perspectives Benchmark 1: The student will develop an understanding of the overall functioning of human systems & their interaction with the environment in order to understand specific mechanisms & processes related to health issues. Hazards ▲Understands the

severity of disease symptoms is dependent on many factors. 6.1.2

▲Understands the severity of disease symptoms is dependent on many factors. 6.1.2

▲Understands the severity of disease symptoms is dependent on many factors. 6.1.2

Hazards and accidents can be avoided through safety. 6.1.1

Identifies possible hazards that might be encountered during experiments with chemicals.

Hazards and accidents can be avoided through safety. 6.1.1

Personal choices

Accidents can be prevented, controlled, or cured. 6.1.2

Uses knowledge of chemistry to make and evaluate personal choices related to health and fitness.

Uses knowledge of biology to make evaluate personal choices related to health and fitness.

Accidents can be prevented, controlled, or cured. 6.1.2

Decisions for health and fitness. 6.1.3

Analyzes the ingredients of a chemical product in an effort to use it effectively.

Decisions for health and fitness. 6.1.3

Eating patterns affect emotional and physical well-being. 6.1.4

ting patterns affect emotional and physical well-being. 6.1.4

Benchmark 2: The student will demonstrate an understanding of population growth. Benchmark 3: The student will understand that human populations use natural resources and influence environmental quality. ▲Understands natural

resources from the lithosphere and ecosystems are required to sustain human populations. 6.3.1

▲Understands natural resources from the lithosphere and ecosystems are required to sustain human populations. 6.3.1

▲Understands natural resources from the lithosphere and ecosystems are required to sustain human populations. 6.3.1

Natural resources sustain populations. 6.3.1

Natural resources sustain populations 6.3.1

Earth has finite resources. 6.3.2

Earth has finite resources. 6.3.2

Benchmark 4: The student will understand the effect of natural and human-influenced hazards. Natural processes are Natural processes




hazardous to humans. 6.4.1

are hazardous to humans. 6.4.1

Benchmark 5: The student will develop an understanding of the relationship between science, technology, and society. Social issues

influence science and technology. 6.5.1

Social issues influence science and technology. 6.5.1

Standard 7: History and Nature of Science Benchmark 1: The student will develop an understanding that science is a human endeavor that uses models to describe and explain the physical universe. ▲explains how science

uses peer review, replication of methods, and norms of honesty. 7.1.2

▲Explains how science uses peer review, replication or methods, and norms of honesty. 7.1.2

▲Explains how science uses peer review, replication or methods, and norms of honesty. 7.1.2

Peer review and replication. 7.1.2

Peer review and replication. 7.1.2

Issues involve morals, ethics, values or spiritual beliefs. 7.1.5

Issues involve morals, ethics, values or spiritual beliefs. 7.1.5

Benchmark 2: The student will develop an understanding of the nature of scientific knowledge. Science explains the

natural world. 7.2.1 Science explains the

natural world. 7.2.1

Data observation is the first step to knowledge. 7.2.2

Data observation is the first step to knowledge. 7.2.2

Scientific method. 7.2.3

Scientific method. 7.2.3

Evidence supports a hypothesis. 7.2.4

Evidence supports a hypothesis. 7.2.4

Benchmark 3: The student will develop science from historical perspectives. Significant

contributions of scientists. 7.3.1

Describes the influence of significant people and events on the development of science.


Significant contributions of scientists. 7.3.1


33 objectives 17 objectives 31 objectives 19 objectives 14 objectives 25 objectives 15 objectives

Standard 1: Science as Inquiry The student will ... 9-12_revised.pdf · Earth Science 9 Biology 10...

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