SPSS

SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) . , . , , .

SPSS 2 :

SPSS ,

SPSS for windows SPSS 19.0 for windows

SPSS Data Editor ( SPSS) ,

What would you like to do?

, SPSS

Open an existing data source

SPSS .sav , .

SPSS Data Editor 2 , , 2 :

Data View ( )

Variable View ( )

, Data View , . var ( variable), 1,2,3,. .. 1 Enter, 1 1.00 VAR00001 (, 1).

, , . , , . .. , ... Variable View (.. , ..).

SPSS DATA EDITOR

:

File: , ...

Edit: , , ...

View: ( ).

Data: .

Transform: .

Analyze: .

Graphs: .

Utilities: , .. .

Window: .

Help: .

VARIABLE VIEW

Data View, , :

VAR00001 =1 =0.

VAR00002 .. 24, 35, 27, 45,.. ...

Variable View Name 1 VAR00001, 2 VAR00002. VAR00001 Gender VAR00002 Age. Data View.

Type : (, , , ...). Numeric.

Width : , Outputs. 8.

Decimals : . 2. Type (string) SPSS Decimals ( Values Missing).

Label : . , Name Beerweek Label .

Values : . =1 =0. None . . Value 1 Label Add. 0 Value Label Add O.K.

Missing values : . SPSS . . , , 999 ( ). , , Discrete missing values 999.

Columns : Data View.

Align : Data View Right, Left, Center.

Measure : . 3 : Scale, Ordinal, Nominal.

Scale ( ).

.. ; . . ; . .

Ordinal () ( ). .. T.V 10. 1 2 3 4 5

;

20-29

30-39

40-49

Nominal . .. , ;

Nominal 2 .

..

;

SPSS Data Editor Data View . . , . . Enter . , . , Enter.

. , . PgUp PgDn . 4 .

File () Save as ( ). . Save in ( ) , .

File, Open, Data Look in ( ). , . , . File name ( ) Open. , File, New Data.

SPSS :

File Print

,

File Print Preview

. , SPSS Output. , , .

File Save as

. Outputs,

File Open Output

Output , .

File Print

1 12 :

Intelligence Age Gender

5 27 1

8 22 1

5 20 2

4 19 2

3 18 2

5 19 1

2 21 1

3 22 2

2 19 1

1 18 2

2 18 1

4 20 2

i) Data View. ii) Variable View 1=

, 2=.

iii) Data View View Value Labels. ;

iv) .

Intelligence (. ) :

Analyze Descriptive statistics ( ) Descriptive Intelligence

Intelligence

variables .

Descriptive Statistics

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

12 1 8 3,67 1,923

Valid N (listwise) 12

, output , , =12, minimum=1, maximum=8, Mean=3,67 Std. Deviation=1,923.

SPSS

, , :

1. ;

2. x ,

3. ..

4.

SPSS . , (values) . :

, , .

4 2, :

= 1

= 2

, = 3 = 4

= 5

:

= 1

= 2

, 999 missing value. :

= Scale

4 2 = Ordinal

= Nominal

, 2 .

, :

5. ;

5 , . , , 2 , ...

, .

, , 1 , 5 , , .. . , :

Home: 1= , 0=

Work: 1= , 0=

Outside: 1= , 0=

Fun: 1= , 0=

Else: 1= , 0=

4 2, warn_1, warn_2, warn_3, warn_4, (attitude) .

warn_1, warn_3, warn_4 1 5 . warn_2 .

, (recode) 1 5 .

4 .

:

Transform Recode into Different variables

, warn_2

Numeric Variable Output Variable

Name , warn_2_r Label change.

Old and New variables . , Old value 1 New value 5 Add.

24, 33, 42, 51.

!! 999999. :

Add Continue O.K

Variable View 999 missing value, , .

, .. . , 1 ; . .

Range. :

TransformRecode into Different variables

, Range.

, 5-15 1, 16-30 2, 31 3. , .

, Range 5 through 15, New Value Value 1 Add. , .

warn_1, warn_3, warn_4 warn_2_r , . . 1 . ; . att_scal.

TransformCompute

Target Variable att_scal Numeric Expression

warn_1 + warn_2_r + warn_3 + warn_4

., Editor View

att_scal ( 4 x 20).

!! missing values . missing values (999). , Variable View missing values .

(SELECTED CASES)

. , 5-15 (. ). ,

DataSelected CasesIf condition is satisfied

if , , . .

, smokers

smokers = 1. Data View . . , :

DataSelected CasesAll Cases

(SPLIT FILES)

. , 2 . , 2 :

DataSplit FileOrganize output by groups

Groups Based on .. Data View 1 2. , 2 .

output 2 .

:

DataSplit FileAnalyze all cases, do not create groupsOK

(SORT CASES)

(Ascending) (Descending) , :

DataSort Cases

, , Sort by ciga_num, Ascending .

(RANK CASES)

, (. , ..), :

TransformRank Cases

, att_scale Variable.

Data View () .

&

, :

.

() ( , ) .

, , (.. ).

, , (.. , ) :

.

.

.

().

, ( ) () .

Scale

, , , , , ... , ,

2

( .) 1997 2004.

( .)

1997 2024

1998 4911

1999 4938

2000 5691

2001 5139

2002 5260

2003 5320

2004 5541

:

.

.

.

, :

AnalyzeDescriptive StatisticsDescriptives

Variable(s) , .. Passengers.

Options :

(Mean)

(Std. Deviation)

(Range)

(Sum)

(Minimum)

(Maximum)

Output :

Descriptive Statistics

N Range Minimum Maximum Sum Mean

Std.

Deviation

8 3667 2024 5691 38824 4853,00 1174,427

Valid N (listwise) 8

=8 . Missing Values (Valid N).

Range = Maximum-Minimum = 3667 . .

2024 . .

5691 . .

8 38824 . .

4853 . .

, 1174,427 . .

, :

GraphsLegacy DialogsLineDefineOther statistic

Passengers Variable Year Category Axis.

, Bar Line, :

GraphsLegacy DialogsBarDefineOther statistic

, Area Line, :

GraphsLegacy DialogsAreaDefineOther statistic

Line Area , .

Ordinal Nominal

Ordinal Nominal , , , , (.. 1= , 2 = , 3 = , 4 = , 2.5 ).

.

3

15 , :

, :

AnalyzeDescriptive StatisticsFrequencies

2 Variables Charts Bar Charts.

:

Graphs Legacy DialogsBarDefine

N of cases % of Cases. (, ) Category Axis.

(Cross Tabs)

. , 2 .

, 3 :

AnalyzeDescriptivesCrosstabs

Gender Rows Brand Columns.

Cells Total.

Scale

, , , ,

Frequencies. .

4

(min) 15 24.

12

15

30

40

20

8

10

25

11

35

17

19

18

24

6

:

AnalyzeDescriptives StatisticsFrequencies

Min Variable.

: Display frequency tables .

Charts Histograms .

Statistics Mean, Median, Mode, Std. deviation, Minimum, Maximum.

GraphsHistogram

Variable Display normal curve.

Scale Nominal Ordinal

2 nominal ordinal ( scale), 3 . 2 scale Nominal Ordinal.

5

(min) 15 24.

12

15

30

40

20

8

10

25

11

35

17

19

18

24

6

:

AnalyzeCompare MeansMeans

scale Min Dependent List nominal Gender Independent List.

.

Scale Nominal Ordinal 3

6

(min) 15 24.

.

12 /

15 /

30 /

40 /

20 /

8 /

10 .

25 /

11 /

35 /

17 .

19 /

18 /

24 /

6 .

3 .

3 :

AnalyzeCompare MeansMeans

scale Min Dependent List nominal Gender Independent List. Next Independent , ordinal Edlevel.

Explore

Explore Means 5, Boxplots ().

:

AnalyzeDescriptives StatisticsExplore

Min Dependent Gender Factor.

Plots Boxplots.

Boxplots 2 . . 4 (outlier). , .

. 20 ( ). , :

House (): 1= , 2=

m2: 1= 80m2 , 2=80m2-120m2 , 3= 80m2

7

House m2

1 2

1 3

2 2

1 3

1 2

2 3

1 2

1 1

1 3

1 3

2 1

2 2

1 3

2 1

1 2

2 2

1 2

1 3

1 3

2 1

Bar Chart :

GraphsBarClustered

House Category Axis m2 Define Clusters by.

120 m2. 3 80 m2, 3 80-120 m2 120 m2.

SPSS (editing) . , , , ..

7 Pie Chart m2 :

GraphsPieSummaries for groups of cases

m2 Define slices by.

double click . double click . Properties Fill & Border.

Pie Chart Depth & Angle 3-D

2 . () .

, .. :

(, ) () (, ) .

, , -1 +1. -1 0 , 0 +1 .

: , .

PEARSON

.. Pearson 2 . :

scale

( )

( scatter diagram - )

Pearson nominal. , 1=, 2=, 3=, 4= , . ;

: 0 , .

8

supermarket , (. ) 10 , . .

/ (%)

1 16 4

2 29 6

3 36 9

4 43 10

5 20 5

6 32 7

7 20 5

8 3 1

9 4 2

10 6 3

Scatterplot

Graphs Legacy Dialogs Scatter/Dot Simple Scatter Define

unplanned discount .

: , . 2 .

.. Pearson

Analyze Correlate Bivariate

2 Variables. .. Pearson Two-tailed significance. Options , Means and standard deviations

20,9%

5,2. .. Pearson 0,982 . . , , .

Pearson 3

9

8 ( = price)

/ (%)

1 16 4 30

2 29 6 27

3 36 9 20

4 43 10 18

5 20 5 25

6 32 7 22

7 20 5 35

8 3 1 60

9 4 2 50

10 6 3 40

, . output 2 , 6 2 (3 , 2).

Pearson: discount unplanned 0,982 (. ).

Pearson: discount price -0,9 . , , .

Pearson: unplanned price -0,906 . , , .

(Partial Correlation Coefficient)

, .. Pearson .

. , 2 . :

Analyze Correlate Partial

discount unplanned Variables price Controlling for.

... 2 , , .

Kendalls Tau b

2 ordinal (.. 5

).

. Kendall tau . -1 +1.

10

10 1 10 (1= , 10= ).

1 2

1 1

2 3

3 2

4 4

5 6

6 8

7 5

8 7

9 10

10 9

, :

Analyze Correlate Bivariate

2 spec_1 spec_2 Variables. .. Kendalls tau-b Two-tailed significance.

output (0,778).

Phi

(Phi Coefficient)

Phi () 2 ( ).

( ) 2 .

11

2 ( ) 2 ( ).

Phi :

Analyze Descriptive Statistics Crosstabs

shop Rows milk Columns. Statistics Phi and Cramers V. 2 , Cells Total.

Output 8 (40%) 3 11 (15%). 2 9 (10%) 7 (35%).

Phi. .

(dependent) response (independent) explanatory.

ordinal scale. ordinal scale.

:

Y = + X

Y =

X=

=

=

(.. 1 ). 0 (. 0 ).

13

( ) 8 . .

clothes age

45 34

60 25

100 19

40 39

30 40

80 22

55 29

50 30

:

( ) = + ()

:

Analyze RegressionLinear

clothes Dependent age Independent.

Statistics : Estimates, Model fit, Descriptives.

Descriptive Statistics

Mean Std. Deviation N

clothes 57,50 22,678 8

age 29,75 7,630 8

2

.

Pearson:

Correlations

clothes age

Pearson Correlation clothes 1,000 -,941

age -,941 1,000

Sig. (1-tailed) clothes . ,000

age ,000 .

N clothes 8 8

age 8 8

Model Summary

Model R R Square

Adjusted R

Square

Std. Error of the

Estimate

1 ,941a ,886 ,867 8,274

a. Predictors: (Constant), age

R2 = 0.886

. Adjusted R

Square ( R)

. ,

86,7%

clothes age.

,

Coefficientsa

Model

Unstandardized Coefficients

Standardized

Coefficients

t Sig. B Std. Error Beta

1 (Constant) 140,727 12,540 11,222 ,000

age -2,798 ,410 -,941 -6,825 ,000

a. Dependent Variable: clothes

= 140,727 = -2,798

.

( ) =140,727 2,798 ()

1 ,

2,798 .