SOLAR CUBE - jsforum.or.jp. Richard S... · 17/01/2017 · Solar Cube Heritage - JPL •...
Transcript of SOLAR CUBE - jsforum.or.jp. Richard S... · 17/01/2017 · Solar Cube Heritage - JPL •...
SOLAR CUBE A Heliogyro Propulsion System for
CubeSats
Richard S Blomquist, PhD
January 17, 2017
Solar Cube
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Solar Cube
• Technology Demonstration Mission • 6U CubeSat Form Factor • Heliogyro Subsystem ~2.5 kg • Four Blades, Each 150m x .25m x 5μ • Characteristic Thrust: 1.2 mN
• Descendent of Four Major Development Efforts – MacNeal, ca. 1967 (Original Concept) – JPL, ca. 1978 (Halley’s Comet Rendezvous) – MIT, ca. 1990 (Solid-State) – Solar Blade, CMU, ca. 2000’s
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Richard Blomquist
Solar Cube Heritage - Original
• Two-blade Heliogyro – Blades 5700m x 1.5m x 6μm
– 250 kg • 160 kg Sail Mass
• 90 kg Non-Sail Mass
– Rotational Period: 6 min.
– Characteristic Acceleration: 0.6mm/s2
– Bedrock of Conceptual Development
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MacNeal, R. H., The Heliogyro, An Interplanetary Flying Machine, NASA Contractor’s Report CR 84460, June 1967.
Richard Blomquist
Solar Cube Heritage - JPL
• Halley’s Comet Rendezvous – Two Counter-Rotating Tiers of 6
Blades • 7500m x 8m blades
• Redundant Edge Stiffeners Attached to Battens, to smooth out stress wrinkles in blades
• Blade Tensioners to Damp Out-of-Plane Motion
• Counter-rotation would eliminate gyroscopic stiffness as well as remove nutation and other disturbances
– 3800 kg Non-Sail Mass
– Massive Blades were Required for Massive Payload
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Friedman, Louis, Starsailing: Solar Sails and Interstellar Travel, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1988.
Richard Blomquist
Solar Cube Heritage - MIT
• Solid-State Heliogyro – 8 Blades, 100m x 1.5m x 7.62μ
– 18 kg S/C Mass
– 0.6 mm/s2 Characteristic Accleration
• Design Study Conducted for
Optimizing Earth Escape
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Images from Blomquist, Richard S, Design Study of a Solid-State Heliogyro Solar Sail, Master’s Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990.
Richard Blomquist
Solar Cube Heritage - MIT
• Deployment Study Also Conducted
– Free Deployment
– Stop-Start Deployment
– Controlled Feed Rate • Blade Roll at Tip
– Unroll and Eject
• Blade Roll at Root
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Images from Blomquist, Richard S, Design Study of a Solid-State Heliogyro Solar Sail, Master’s Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990.
Richard Blomquist
Solar Cube Heritage – Solar Blade
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Stowage and Deployment Design
Blade Dynamics/Deformation Analysis
Technology Demo Effort Begun
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lw56RL6Q9i4
Blomquist, Richard S., Heliogyro Control, PhD Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University, 2009.
Richard Blomquist
Solar Cube Heritage – Solar Blade
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Latest Generation Heliogyro Solar Cube -- Configuration
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Solar Cube – Stowage and Deployment
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2. Release Blades, Point Toward Sun, Spin Up
1. 6U, Stowed
3. Feed Out Blades In a Controlled Manner
Richard Blomquist
Solar Cube – Control
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Cyclic Pitch Provides in-plane thrust
Collective-Cyclic Pitch Changes spin rate and
precesses the spin vector
Collective Pitch Changes spin rate
Half-P Pitch Precesses spin vector
Richard Blomquist
Solar Cube – Hardware Fabrication and Testing
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Richard Blomquist
Solar Cube – Development Path
• Terrestrial Deployment/Actuation Test at Plum Brook Station Vacuum Chamber
• Three Blade Assemblies Mounted on Vertical Spinning Shaft
• Spin Rate is Sufficient to Counteract Gravity, Which Acts as Solar Pressure Analog
• Photogrammetry Used to Determine Blade Shape
• Blade Deformation Compared to Blade Models
• Successful Test Means TRL 6 for the Blades
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Solar Cube – Development Path
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Richard Blomquist