SOLAR CUBE - jsforum.or.jp. Richard S... · 17/01/2017  · Solar Cube Heritage - JPL •...

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SOLAR CUBE A Heliogyro Propulsion System for CubeSats Richard S Blomquist, PhD January 17, 2017

Transcript of SOLAR CUBE - jsforum.or.jp. Richard S... · 17/01/2017  · Solar Cube Heritage - JPL •...

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SOLAR CUBE A Heliogyro Propulsion System for

CubeSats

Richard S Blomquist, PhD

January 17, 2017

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Solar Cube

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Solar Cube

• Technology Demonstration Mission • 6U CubeSat Form Factor • Heliogyro Subsystem ~2.5 kg • Four Blades, Each 150m x .25m x 5μ • Characteristic Thrust: 1.2 mN

• Descendent of Four Major Development Efforts – MacNeal, ca. 1967 (Original Concept) – JPL, ca. 1978 (Halley’s Comet Rendezvous) – MIT, ca. 1990 (Solid-State) – Solar Blade, CMU, ca. 2000’s

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Richard Blomquist

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Solar Cube Heritage - Original

• Two-blade Heliogyro – Blades 5700m x 1.5m x 6μm

– 250 kg • 160 kg Sail Mass

• 90 kg Non-Sail Mass

– Rotational Period: 6 min.

– Characteristic Acceleration: 0.6mm/s2

– Bedrock of Conceptual Development

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MacNeal, R. H., The Heliogyro, An Interplanetary Flying Machine, NASA Contractor’s Report CR 84460, June 1967.

Richard Blomquist

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Solar Cube Heritage - JPL

• Halley’s Comet Rendezvous – Two Counter-Rotating Tiers of 6

Blades • 7500m x 8m blades

• Redundant Edge Stiffeners Attached to Battens, to smooth out stress wrinkles in blades

• Blade Tensioners to Damp Out-of-Plane Motion

• Counter-rotation would eliminate gyroscopic stiffness as well as remove nutation and other disturbances

– 3800 kg Non-Sail Mass

– Massive Blades were Required for Massive Payload

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Friedman, Louis, Starsailing: Solar Sails and Interstellar Travel, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1988.

Richard Blomquist

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Solar Cube Heritage - MIT

• Solid-State Heliogyro – 8 Blades, 100m x 1.5m x 7.62μ

– 18 kg S/C Mass

– 0.6 mm/s2 Characteristic Accleration

• Design Study Conducted for

Optimizing Earth Escape

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Images from Blomquist, Richard S, Design Study of a Solid-State Heliogyro Solar Sail, Master’s Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990.

Richard Blomquist

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Solar Cube Heritage - MIT

• Deployment Study Also Conducted

– Free Deployment

– Stop-Start Deployment

– Controlled Feed Rate • Blade Roll at Tip

– Unroll and Eject

• Blade Roll at Root

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Images from Blomquist, Richard S, Design Study of a Solid-State Heliogyro Solar Sail, Master’s Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990.

Richard Blomquist

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Solar Cube Heritage – Solar Blade

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Stowage and Deployment Design

Blade Dynamics/Deformation Analysis

Technology Demo Effort Begun

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lw56RL6Q9i4

Blomquist, Richard S., Heliogyro Control, PhD Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University, 2009.

Richard Blomquist

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Solar Cube Heritage – Solar Blade

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Latest Generation Heliogyro Solar Cube -- Configuration

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Solar Cube – Stowage and Deployment

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2. Release Blades, Point Toward Sun, Spin Up

1. 6U, Stowed

3. Feed Out Blades In a Controlled Manner

Richard Blomquist

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Solar Cube – Control

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Cyclic Pitch Provides in-plane thrust

Collective-Cyclic Pitch Changes spin rate and

precesses the spin vector

Collective Pitch Changes spin rate

Half-P Pitch Precesses spin vector

Richard Blomquist

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Solar Cube – Hardware Fabrication and Testing

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Richard Blomquist

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Solar Cube – Development Path

• Terrestrial Deployment/Actuation Test at Plum Brook Station Vacuum Chamber

• Three Blade Assemblies Mounted on Vertical Spinning Shaft

• Spin Rate is Sufficient to Counteract Gravity, Which Acts as Solar Pressure Analog

• Photogrammetry Used to Determine Blade Shape

• Blade Deformation Compared to Blade Models

• Successful Test Means TRL 6 for the Blades

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Solar Cube – Development Path

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Richard Blomquist