Rudolf Clausius’S Equation
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Rudolf Clausius’s Rudolf Clausius’s Equation Equation Δ Δ S S universe universe > 0 > 0
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Transcript of Rudolf Clausius’S Equation
Rudolf Clausius’s Rudolf Clausius’s EquationEquation
ΔΔSSuniverse universe > 0> 0
CLAUSIUS’S LIFECLAUSIUS’S LIFE He was born the He was born the 2nd 2nd
January 1822 in January 1822 in Koslin, Prussia (the Koslin, Prussia (the actual Koszalin, actual Koszalin, Poland)Poland)
He studied at the He studied at the university of Berlyn.university of Berlyn.
He was a phisic.He was a phisic.
He died the He died the 24th 24th August 1888 in Bonn, August 1888 in Bonn, Germany.Germany.
THE PRECEDENTS OF THE PRECEDENTS OF CLAUSIUS’S DISCOVERYCLAUSIUS’S DISCOVERY
There are two kinds of processes in There are two kinds of processes in nature:nature:
ReversibleReversible
IrreversibleIrreversible
Sadi CarnotSadi Carnot
He invented the steam machineHe invented the steam machine
It neddedIt nedded
The flow of heat. Other The flow of heat. Other
energies.energies.
Robert MayerRobert Mayer
Blood less red
Blood more red
Blood less red
CLAUSIUS’S DISCOVERY (HIS CLAUSIUS’S DISCOVERY (HIS THEORY OF HEAD)THEORY OF HEAD)
He thought that:He thought that:
The head is another type of energy.The head is another type of energy.
All energies can be exchanged.All energies can be exchanged.
He defined He defined entropyentropy as : as :
The changes of temperature and The changes of temperature and energy.energy.
The degree of this order.The degree of this order.
Changes of entropy in the universeChanges of entropy in the universe
Natural changes: PositiveNatural changes: Positive
Unnatural changes: NegativeUnnatural changes: Negative
The formulaThe formula
ΔΔSSuniverse universe > 0> 0
Total entropy of the universe
THE CONSEQUENCES OF THIS THE CONSEQUENCES OF THIS NEW THEORYNEW THEORY
The addition of all the changes in the The addition of all the changes in the universe is positive ( universe is positive ( ΔΔSSuniverse universe > 0 ). > 0 ). So So the universe is getting older.the universe is getting older.
This theory means that the universe This theory means that the universe started as a chaos. started as a chaos.
Other consequenceOther consequence
The scientists began to try to find out why The scientists began to try to find out why the sunshine exist and they investigated the sunshine exist and they investigated more about of the history of the Earth.more about of the history of the Earth.
