Physics 308: Statistical, Molecular, and Solid State kbeach/phys308/docs/Final.pdf Physics 308:...
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Physics 308: Statistical, Molecular, and Solid State Physics
Final Exam
Wednesday, April 23, 2008, 09:00–12:00
Student’s Name:
Constants
kB = 8.617× 10−5 eV/K
kBTroom = 0.025 eV
h̄ = 1.055× 10−34 J s
hc = 1.24× 10−6 eV m = 1240 eV nm
mec 2 = 5.11× 105 eV = 0.511 MeV
h̄2
2me =
(hc)2
8π2(mec2) = 0.0381 eV nm−2
1 u = 1.661× 10−27 kg = 931.4 MeV/c2
c = 299792458 m/s
a0 = 4π�0h̄
2
mee2 = 5.292× 10−2 nm
e = 1.602× 10−19 C
µB = eh̄
2me = 5.7883× 10−5 eV T−1
1
Formulas
volume and surface area of a sphere:
V = 4
3 πR3 A = 4πR2
particle in a box:
ψ ∼ sin nπx L
En = h2n2
8mL2
quantum of light:
E = h̄ω = hf c = λf
dipole moment:
p = (∆q)r0
binding energy in an ionic solid:
U = − α 4π�0a
Leonard-Jones potential:
U(r) = U0
[( a
r
)12 − 2 ( a
r
)6] reduced mass:
1
µ =
1
m1 +
1
m2
current density and resistivity:
j = nqv ρ = mv
nq2l
2
R ef
er en
ce T
ab le
s fo
r Ph
ys ic
al S
et tin
g/ C
H E
M IS
T R
Y 9
8 R
ef er
en ce
T ab
le s
fo r
Ph ys
ic al
S et
tin g/
C H
E M
IS T
R Y
(2 23
) Fr 87 -18
-3 2-
18 -8
-1
+1 22
6. 02
5 Ra 88 -18
-3 2-
18 -8
-2
+2 22
7. 02
8 Ac 89 -18
-3 2-
18 -9
-2
+3 (2
61 ) Rf
10 4
13 8.
90 6 La
57 2-8 -1
8- 18
-9 -2
+3 17
8. 49 H
f 72 **
18 -3
2- 10
-2
+4
91 .2
24 Zr 40 2-8
-1 8-
10 -2
+4
47 .8
8 Ti 22 2-8
-1 0-
2
+2 +3 +4
50 .9
41 5 V
23 2-8 -1
1- 2
+2 +3 +4 +5
51 .9
96 Cr 24 2-8
-1 3-
1
+2 +3 +6
95 .9
4 M o
42 2-8 -1
8- 13
-1
+3 +6
18 3.
85 W 74 -18
-3 2-
12 -2
+6
54 .9
38 0 M n
25 2-8 -1
3- 2
+2 +3 +4 +7
55 .8
47 Fe 26 2-8
-1 4-
2
+2 +3 58
.9 33
2 Co 27 2-8
-1 5-
2
+2 +3 58
.6 9 N
i 28 2-8
-1 6-
2
+2 +3 63
.5 46 Cu
29 2-8 -1
8- 1
+1 +2
10 7.
86 8 Ag
47 2-8 -1
8- 18
-1
+1
65 .3
9 Zn 30 2-8
-1 8-
2
+2 69
.7 2 Ga
31 2-8 -1
8- 3
+3
26 .9
81 54 Al
13 2-8 -3
+3
10 .8
1
B 5 2-3
+3 12
.0 11
1 C 6 2-4
–4 +2 +4
15 .9
99 4 O
8 2-6
–2 18
.9 98
40 3 F
9 2-7
–1 20
.1 79 Ne
10 2-8
0
4. 00
26 0 He
2 2
0
28 .0
85 5 Si
14 2-8 -4
–4 +2 +4
72 .5
9 Ge 32 2-8
-1 8-
4
–4 +2 +4
74 .9
21 6 As
33 2-8 -1
8- 5
–3 +3 +5
78 .9
6 Se 34 2-8
-1 8-
6
–2 +4 +6
12 7.
60 Te 52 2-8
-1 8-
18 -6
–2 +4 +6
12 6.
90 5 l
53 2-8 -1
8- 18
-7
–1 +1 +5 +7
13 1.
29 Xe 54 2-8
-1 8-
18 -8
0 +2 +4 +6
(2 09
) Po 84 -18
-3 2-
18 -6
+2 +4 (2
10 ) At
85 -18 -3
2- 18
-7
79 .9
04 Br 35 2-8
-1 8-
7
–1 +1 +5
83 .8
0 Kr 36 2-8
-1 8-
8
0 +2
(2 22
) Rn 86 -18
-3 2-
18 -8
0
17 4.
96 7 Lu
71
+3 17
3. 04 Yb
70
+2 +3 16
8. 93
4 Tm 69
+3 16
7. 26 Er
68
+3 16
4. 93
0 Ho 67
+3 16
2. 50 Dy
66
+3 15
8. 92
5 Tb 65
+3 15
7. 25 Gd
64
+3 15
1. 96 Eu
63
+2 +3 15
0. 36 Sm 62
+2 +3 (1
45 ) Pm 61
+3 14
4. 24 Nd
60
+3 14
0. 90
8 Pr 59
+3 14
0. 12 Ce
58
+3 +4
23 2.
03 8 Th
90
+4 23
1. 03
6 Pa 91
+4 +5 23
8. 02
9 U 92
+3 +4 +5 +6
23 7.
04 8 Np
93
+3 +4 +5 +6
(2 44
) Pu 94
+3 +4 +5 +6
(2 43
) Am 95 +3 +4 +5 +6
(2 47
) Cm 96 +3
(2 47
) Bk 97
+3 +4 (2
51 ) Cf
98
+3 (2
52 ) Es
99
(2 57
) Fm 10
0
(2 58
) M d
10 1
(2 59
) No 10
2
(2 60
) Lr 10
3
30 .9
73 76 P
15 2-8 -5
–3 +3 +5
32 .0
6
S 16 2-8
-6
–2 +4 +6
39 .9
48 Ar 18 2-8
-8
0 35
.4 53 Cl
17 2-8 -7
–1 +1 +3 +5 +7
11 8.
71 Sn 50 2-8
-1 8-
18 -4
+2 +4
14 .0
06 7 N
7 2-5
–3 –2 –1 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5
11 2.
41 Cd 48 2-8
-1 8-
18 -2
+2 11
4. 82 In
49 2-8 -1
8- 18
-3
+3
20 0.
59 Hg 80 -18
-3 2-
18 -2
+1 +2 20
4. 38
3 Tl 81 -18
-3 2-
18 -3
+1 +3 20
7. 2 Pb
82 -18 -3
2- 18
-4
+2 +4 20
8. 98
0 Bi 83 -18
-3 2-
18 -5
+3 +5
12 1.
75 Sb 51 2-8
-1 8-
18 -5
–3 +3 +5
10 6.
42 Pd 46 2-8
-1 8-
18
+2 +4
19 5.
08 Pt 78 -18
-3 2-
17 -1
+2 +4 19
6. 96
7 Au 79 -18
-3 2-
18 -1
+1 +3
10 1.
07 Ru 44 2-8
-1 8-
15 -1
+3
19 0.
2 Os 76 -18
-3 2-
14 -2
+3 +4 19
2. 22
Ir 77 -18
-3 2-
15 -2
+3 +4
10 2.
90 6 Rh
45 2-8 -1
8- 16
-1
+3 (9
8)
Tc 43 2-8
-1 8-
14 -1
+4 +6 +7
18 6.
20 7 Re
75 -18 -3
2- 13
-2
+4 +6 +7
92 .9
06 4 Nb
41 2-8 -1
8- 12
-1
+3 +5
18 0.
94 8 Ta
73 -18 -3
2- 11
-2
+5
(2 62
) Db 10
5
(2 63
) Sg 10
6
(2 64
) Bh 10
7
(2 65
) Hs 10
8
(2 68
) M t
10 9
(2 69
) Uu n
(2 72
) Uu u
11 1
(2 77
) Uu b
11 2
(2 85
) Uu q
11 4
88 .9
05 9 Y
39 2-8 -1
8- 9-
2
+3
44 .9
55 9 Sc
21 2-8 -9
-2
+3
13 7.
33 Ba 56 2-8
-1 8-
18 -8
-2
+2
87 .6
2 Sr 38 2-8
-1 8-
8- 2
+2
40 .0
8 Ca 20 2-8
-8 -2
+2
24 .3
05 M g
12 2-8 -2
+2
9. 01
21 8 Be
4 2-2
+2
13 2.
90 5 Cs
55 2-8 -1
8- 18
-8 -1
+1
85 .4
67 8 Rb
37 2-8 -1
8- 8-
1
+1
39 .0
98 3 K
19 2-8 -8
-1
+1
22 .9
89 77 Na
11 2-8 -1
+1
6. 94
1 Li 3 2-1
+1
1. 00
79 4 H
1 1
+1 –1
*T he
s ys
te m
at ic
n am
es a
nd s
ym bo
ls fo
r el
em en
ts o
f a to
m ic
n um
be rs
a bo
ve 1
09
w ill
b e
us ed
u nt
il th
e ap
pr ov
al o
f t riv
ia l n
am es
b y
IU PA
C .
** D
en ot
es th
e pr
es en
ce o
f ( 2-
8- )
fo r
el em
en ts
7 2
an d
ab ov
e
Period 1 2
11
2 G
ro up
17 16
15 14
13 1818
G ro
up
10 9
8 7
6 5
4 3
11 12
G ro
up 3 4 5 6 7
P er
io di
c Ta
bl e
of t
he E
le m
en ts
C 12
.0 11
–4 +2 +4
6 2-4
A to
m ic
M as
s
S ym
bo l
A to
m ic
N
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