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• 1986 the first organic photovoltaic cell (<1%) • 2013 > 12%
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000
C.W. Tang, Appl. Phys. Lett., 48 (1986) 183-185 R.F. Service, Science, 332 (2011) 293
3
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Year
Ef fic
ie nc
Challenges • Efficiency • Stability • Scale up
roll-to-roll printing, Konarka
6
delocalized π-electrons • Conjugated polymer
a system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons using alternating single and multiple bonds
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LUMO
HOMO
9
10
12
1.Absorb & Photoexcitation → exciton (e--h+ pair) in polymer
2.Exciton diffusion to polymer-fullerene interface
3.Charge Transfer → e- and h+
4.Recombine or drift to electrodes
13
Efficiency
1. Absorption 2. Exciton diffusion 3. Charge separation 4. Charge collection
14
P3HT
PCPDTBT
W. Bai et al. , Opt. Express 2010, 18, A620–A630
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1,8-octanedithiol
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Y. Yao et al., Adv. Funct. Mater., 18 (2008) 1783-1789.
18
19
Y. Zhang et al., Nat. Commun., 3 (2012) 1043
with spin
without spin
22
4. Charge Collection (cont.)
Extra doped electrode layer
Ryu, M. S. et al. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 95, 1896-1900 (2011)
23
• 1986 the first organic photovoltaic cell (<1%) • 2013 > 12%
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000
C.W. Tang, Appl. Phys. Lett., 48 (1986) 183-185 R.F. Service, Science, 332 (2011) 293
3
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Year
Ef fic
ie nc
Challenges • Efficiency • Stability • Scale up
roll-to-roll printing, Konarka
6
delocalized π-electrons • Conjugated polymer
a system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons using alternating single and multiple bonds
7
LUMO
HOMO
9
10
12
1.Absorb & Photoexcitation → exciton (e--h+ pair) in polymer
2.Exciton diffusion to polymer-fullerene interface
3.Charge Transfer → e- and h+
4.Recombine or drift to electrodes
13
Efficiency
1. Absorption 2. Exciton diffusion 3. Charge separation 4. Charge collection
14
P3HT
PCPDTBT
W. Bai et al. , Opt. Express 2010, 18, A620–A630
16
1,8-octanedithiol
17
Y. Yao et al., Adv. Funct. Mater., 18 (2008) 1783-1789.
18
19
Y. Zhang et al., Nat. Commun., 3 (2012) 1043
with spin
without spin
22
4. Charge Collection (cont.)
Extra doped electrode layer
Ryu, M. S. et al. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 95, 1896-1900 (2011)
23
