New Development of a Two-Phase Mechanically Pumped Loop … · 2009. 8. 27. · tube17 1 2 1...
Transcript of New Development of a Two-Phase Mechanically Pumped Loop … · 2009. 8. 27. · tube17 1 2 1...
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
Development of a Two-Phase Mechanically Pumped Loop(2ΦMPL) for the Thermal Control of Telecommunication Satellites
Julien HUGON - Thales Alenia SpaceAmaury LARUE de TOURNEMINE – CNES
Gennadiy GORBENKO – National Aerospace University (Kharkiv Aviation Institute)Pavlo GAKAL – National Aerospace University (Kharkiv Aviation Institute)
Vasyl RUZAYKIN – National Aerospace University (Kharkiv Aviation Institute)Tisna TJIPTAHARDJA – ESA
Rudolf BLEULER – Realtechnologie AG
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
Presentation plan
Background
Architecture/thermal hypothesis and requirements
2ΦMPL hydraulic scheme
2ΦMPL components
Mathematical modeling
2ΦMPL overall mass budget
2ΦMPL ground prototype
2008 perspectives
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
Background (1/2)
The future large and powerful telecommunication satellites could need theuse of large deployable radiators (DPR) and efficient thermal loop to transportlarge amount of heat on long distances
Main original need : @bus Extended RangeOther potential applications : very dissipative units like active antennas
South Panel
East Panel
South/East DR
North/West DR
North/East DR
South/West DR
H
LNorth PanelWest Panel
+Z
+X +Y
LDRlDR
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
About Mechanically Pumped Loops
Condenser
Three-Way Valves
Pump
ByPass
Control Valves
EvaporatorLiquid
Vapor or Liquid/Vapor
Accumulator (HCA)
2ΦMPL Scheme
Radiator Heat Exchanger (Cold Sink)
Three-WayValves
Pump
ByPass
Control Valves
Payload Heat Exchangers(Cold Plates) to Cool Units
Liquid
Liquid
Reservoir
Single Phase Loop (SPL)
Scheme
Main 2ΦMPL advantages wrt to
SPL :
•isothermallity
•mass
•pump power consumption
•temperature control
with HCA
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
Background (2/2)
A two-phase TCS was developed in the 90’s for ISS Russian Segment
In 2002, Russian/Ukrainian experience on both products has been investigated by ThAS through a Trade-Off study with mass as the main criterion : 30% mass saving with a two-phase system was demonstrated
In 2005, ThAS/CNES, through a R&T program, started a development phase with the first step consisting in the evaluation of an Ukrainian NH3 2ΦMPL prototype to be designed, manufactured and tested by the Kharkov Aviation Institute according to ThAS requirements
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
Architecture/Thermal Hypothesis & Requirements (1/5)
500
2500
2800
2000
500
Y
X
Z2nd FloorPanel
1st FloorPanel
ShearwallPanel
Platform with shelves
L
1100
Shearwall Panel
3200
Y
X
Z
DeployableRadiators
1st Floor Panel
2nd Floor Panel
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
Architecture/Thermal Hypothesis & Requirements (2/5)
Units layout on shelves
TWT and HPI units layout and dimensions on an horizontal panel(+ / -Z symmetric layout)
80
175
TWT collector
40
60 50
175175
X
Y
150
150
300
150
TWT
HPI
HPI
TWT
TWT body
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
Architecture/Thermal Hypothesis & Requirements (3/5)
Units thermal characteristics
Number of Active
Components
Dissipation per Unit (W)
Total Dissipation
(W)TWT 1st Floor TWTA 60 50 3000TWT 2nd Floor TWTB 60 30 1800OMUX Lower Shearwall Part OMUXA 30 22 660OMUX Upper Shearwall Part OMUXB 30 18 540
6000Total Heat Load (W)
Min Max Min MaxTWT +10 +70 -20 +70 -20OMUX +35 +75 -20 +75 -20
CalculationOperating Temperature (°C) Non Operating Temperature (°C) Cold Start Up (°C)
TWTA OMUXA TWTB OMUXBm (kg) 0,80 0,90 0,80 0,15
mCp (J/K) 720 810 720 135
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
Architecture/Thermal Hypothesis & Requirements (4/5)
Environmental conditions (1/2)
South Panel
East Panel
Sun Incidence at 06h00
Solstice CaseEast Panel Illuminated
South/West DR
South/East DR
Earth Panel
23.44° Sun Direction +X
+Y
+Z
West Panel
Hot environmental condition
South Panel
East Panel
Sun Incidence at 12h00
Equinoxe CaseNo illumination of East and West Panels
South/West DR
South/East DR
Earth Panel
Sun Direction //to Z axis
+Y+X
+Z
West Panel
Cold environmental condition
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
Architecture/Thermal Hypothesis & Requirements (5/5)
Environmental conditions (2/2)( ) ( ) XMPL4 Xenv4 XradradOSRspacerad QTTSF1 +++− =−σε+( ) ( ) XMPL4 Xenv4 XradradOSRspacerad QTTSF1 −−−− =−σε+
XMPLXMPLtot_MPL QQQ −+ +=
Tenv=f(Orbital position)Winter Solstice
0
50
100
150
200
250
0 100 200 300
Orbital position (°)
Tenv
(K)
Rad+X Trad=50°CRad-X Trad=50°CRad+X Trad=40°CRad-X Trad=40°CRad-X Trad=30°CRad-X Trad=30°C
S ra d (m ²) F ra d -s p a c e5 0 ,8 6
4 ,5 0 ,8 54 0 ,8 3
3 ,5 0 ,8 23 0 ,8 0
2 ,5 0 ,7 7
Environmental temperatures variation the deployable
radiators for different orbital positions in winter solstice
Srad=5m²
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Hydraulic Scheme (1/2)
TWTB and HPI units.Number of ActiveComponents - 60.
Dissipation per Unit - 30 W.Total Dissipation - 1800 W.
Dissipation per Unit - 50 W.
TWTA and HPI units.Number of ActiveComponents - 60.
Total Dissipation - 3000 W.
OMUXB units (Lower Shearwall Part).
Number of Active Components - 30.
OMUXA units (Upper Shearwall Part).
Number of Active Components - 30.
Total Dissipation - 660 W.
HCA
Dissipation per Unit - 18 W.Total Dissipation - 540 W.
Dissipation per Unit - 22 W.
Dissipation per Unit – 50 W.
Temperature sensors
Regulation laws to control the minimal
acceptable temperature of units (centralized
heating)
+ Heatingzones
Liquid state
Two-phase state
Throttle
Heaters for the saturattion temperature
control
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Hydraulic Scheme (2/2)
30014002800
2450
130
1400
3040
500
4200
1080
1250
124010001000
300
300
HCA
Pump
Throttles
Throttles
TWTB panel
TWTA panel
OMUXpanel
Configuration within the Platform
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Components (1/5)
• Evaporator tubing• Pump• Heat-controlled accumulator (HCA)• Radiators with embedded heat pipes• Condenser/subcooler components• Throttles • Heaters
Optimization of the components design to minimize the overall system mass :
( ) min→++++= radpowerpumpfluidtubeMPL MMMMMM
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Components (2/5)
Evaporators tubing
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Components (3/5)
Lrad
1100
Subcooling cavity
Condensation cavity
Two-phase flow
One-phase flow
Condenser/subcooler components in the radiators
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Components (4/5)
NACPA II Pump Opportunity (1/2)
In 2005-2006, ThAS has been invited by ESA to follow NACPA project that has consisted in Realtechnologie AG review of the NACPA centrifugal pump package (documentation + hardware, performance tests included) developed by ESA/ETEL in the 90’s
Between 2006 and 2008, ThAS collaborates for the ESA/Realtechnologie AG development of a new NH3 pump/motor engineering model and of a prototype of the associated driver motor electronic unit (NACPA II project)
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Components (5/5)
NACPA II Pump Opportunity (2/2)
•ThAS is responsible for the thermal analysis of the NACPA II pump
•Cavitation issue in the pump can be critical at low temperature
Pressure reserve : maximum allowable local pressure drop inside
the pump (only 0.44bar at –10°C)
Temperature reserve : maximum allowable local temperature increase in the pump
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
Mathematical Modeling (1/2)
K K+1j
1
2
j
Nin
1
2
NexQw-f,k
Tw,kQcond,k
Tw,n
Qrad,k
- control volume; - branch (junction)
- radiative heat conductor.
- convective heat conductor;
- conductive heat conductor;
tb3_ tb14
subc2_tb2
TGA_P
subc2
tb5_cond1
tb7_subc1
21 2
2
tb2_
tb3
tb8_subc2
tube
1, 1
.4 m
,8.
5 m
mtu
be2,
1.4
m,
8.5
mm
tube4,3 .5 m, 7 mm
1
tb19_tb5
tb4_T W TA
tb14
_tb8
tb14
_tb7
tube7, 3 m,
4 mm
TGA
tube14, 1 .95 m,4 mm
tb14_tb4 1
subc1
cond
11
4
111214 13
rad1
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
3 2 1
5 6 7 8
111
121141 131
4 3 2 1
h_cond11
h_cond12
h_cond13
h_cond14 cond
12
cond
13
rad_cond14
rad_cond13
rad_cond12
rad_cond11
cond
14
tube16
cond
21
4
212224 23
rad2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
3 2 1
5 6 7 8
211
22 124 1 23 14 3 2 1
h_cond21
h_cond22
h_cond23
h_cond24 con
d22
cond
23
rad_cond24
rad_cond23
rad_cond22
rad_cond21
cond
24
tube17
1
2
1
tb1_
tb3
subc1_tb1
1
2
tube8, 0.8 m,
4 mm
2
1
tube5, 1.4 m,
9 mm
1
2
tube6, 1.4 m,
9 mm
2
1
tb19_tb6tb6_cond2
4 4 4 4
4 4 4 4
4
24
1
3
2
5
241
4
h_cond24
6
2
1
35
4
rad_cond24
7
cond
24
4
1 2
tube3 , 3.85m,10 .4 mm
2
8
EH1
3
H _TW T B_profile
EH 3
1
EH 2 1 2 3tb4_TW T B
T W TB
T W TA
H _TW TA_profile
1 2 3
O M UX
H _O M U X_profile
2
tube18 , 1 .39 m,10 .9 mmTW TA_tb18
TW TA _tb18
tb18_OM
UX
OM
UX_tb 19
tube
19, 5
.71
m,
11.2
mm
2
1
H _H C A_body
3
3
H_TW TB_un it
H _TW T A_unit
H _O M U X_unit
H _H C A_hr
Nodalisation of flight 2ΦMPL
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
Mathematical Modeling (2/2)
TWTB and HPI units. Number of Active Components - 60.
Dissipation per Unit - 30 W. Total Dissipation - 1800 W. Dissipation per Unit - 50 W.
TWTA and HPI units.Number of ActiveComponents - 60.
Total Dissipation - 3000 W.
OMUXB units(Lower Shearwall Part).
Number of ActiveComponents - 30.
OMUXA units(Upper Shearwall Part).
Number of ActiveComponents - 30.
Total Dissipation - 660 W.
HCA
Dissipation per Unit - 18 W.Total Dissipation - 540 W.
Dissipation per Unit - 22 W.
1
2
3
4
5 6 7
8 9 10
11’ 12
13 14
15 16
17
11
Dissipation per Unit - 50 W.
18
P, MPa T, oC x m, g/s
1 2.3918 56.392 0.90412 6.3116
2 2.3912 56.384 0.90411 6.3116
3 2.3911 56.382 0.90411 3.4308
4 2.3946 56.441 0.71332 2.3988
5 2.3946 56.441 0.72941 3.9128
6 2.3946 56.441 0.72330 6.3116
7 2.3945 56.439 0.72330 6.3116
8 2.3912 56.382 0.90411 2.8808
9 2.3804 51.887 0.0 11.337
10 2.3803 51.559 0.0 23.045
11 2.4557 51.479 0.0 23.045
11’ 2.4476 51.478 0.0 16.734
12 2.4555 51.479 0.0 6.3116
13 2.3970 51.900 0.0 3.9128
14 2.3995 51.900 0.0 2.3988
15 2.3821 51.546 0.0 8.2778
16 2.3804 51.220 0.0 11.708
17 2.3802 51.546 0.0 8.4586
18 2.3800 51.560 0.0 23.045
3280W
2720W
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Mass Budget
Overall Mass BudgetMPL components Mass, kg Comments
Mass of radiators +
tubes + HCA
104
Surface area of one side of radiator is equal to 4.3 m2 calculated based on conservative hot heat removal conditions corresponding to 2700 with the same environmental conditions of both radiators. Thermal gradient of MPL between TWT unit and radiator skin is equal to 22.2 K : 9.5K between TWT and evaporator fluid (two-phase thermal exchange calculation) and 12.7K between condenser fluid and radiator => Global conductance>120W/K and Heat Rejection Capacity>650W/m²
Ammonia 8
Pump unit (redunded, with electronics)
8 Operating point of pump corresponds to 1.17 bar and 44×10-6 m3/s at 50°C temperature of ammonia. Required power of pump is less than 50 W.
Total 120 20 kg/kW but without the shielding against micrometeorits =>25kg/kW is nevertheless reachable (P=0.998 for 15 years)
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Prototype (1/4)
Honeycomb panel
Heat pipe
Condenser wall imitator
Electrical heater
675
1100
950
General view of the prototype
Cooling systemRemote air condensers ofcooling system
RS installation
Control panels (MPL and CS) Filling systemHCA
OMUX panelTWT panel
RadiatorsPump
Cooling systemRemote air condensers ofcooling system
RS installation
Control panels (MPL and CS) Filling systemHCA
OMUX panelTWT panel
RadiatorsPump
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Prototype (2/4)
Condenser and cooling fluid circulation
Antifreeze
Antifreeze
Liquid ammonia
Two-phaseammonia
Cooling system inlet collector
Coolingsystem outletcollector
Rubber hose
Condenser
Thermally-isolated box
Antifreeze
Antifreeze
Liquid ammonia
Two-phaseammonia
Cooling system inlet collector
Coolingsystem outletcollector
Rubber hose
Condenser
Thermally-isolated box
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Prototype (3/4)
Side
Positions of heat transfer surface between unit and tube
BottomTop
TWT collector baseplate
TWT body baseplate
Electrical heater
Ammonia
Ammonia Payload simulation means
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2ϕ MPL Prototype (4/4)
The prototype partly assembled
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International Two-Phase Thermal Control Technology Workshop 2008 13-15 May 2008 ESTEC
2008 perspectives
MPL Prototype Functional Testing
The proof, leak and filling phases are foreseen for the end of May
During the second semester of 2008
Both steady-state (hot and cold cases) and transient (hot to cold and cold to hot) will be testedThe regulation concept using HCA heating and centralized heating will be investigatedStart-up issue of the system will be investigated too
NACPA Pump
The pump BBM shall be successfully tested for performances (including cavitation test) for the end of MayThe pump+motor DM and the DME BBM shall be assembled/tested for the end of 2008