NeuroImage 50 (2010) 1148–1167 ALE meta-analysis of action observation and imitation in the human...

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NeuroImage 50 (2010) 1148–1167 ALE meta-analysis of action observation and imitation in the human brain Svenja Caspers,Karl Zillesa, Angela R.Laird, SimonB.Eickhoff

Transcript of NeuroImage 50 (2010) 1148–1167 ALE meta-analysis of action observation and imitation in the human...

Page 1: NeuroImage 50 (2010) 1148–1167 ALE meta-analysis of action observation and imitation in the human brain Svenja Caspers,Karl Zillesa, Angela R.Laird, SimonB.Eickhoff.

NeuroImage 50 (2010) 1148–1167

ALE meta-analysis of action observation and imitation in the human brain

Svenja Caspers,Karl Zillesa, Angela R.Laird, SimonB.Eickhoff

Page 2: NeuroImage 50 (2010) 1148–1167 ALE meta-analysis of action observation and imitation in the human brain Svenja Caspers,Karl Zillesa, Angela R.Laird, SimonB.Eickhoff.

Background

• Mirror neuron system in the macaque brain (Gallese et al., 1996)

• Evidence for possible “mirror areas” in humans based on functional neuroimaging experiments

• Observation and imitation are closely related

• Are observation and imitation sustained by the same neuronal networks?

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AIM

Identification of cortical areas consistently involved in action observation and imitation…

… by a quantitive (coordinate based) meta-analysis of the current neuroimaging literature

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Materials & Methods• 139 experiments (fMRI and PET),1289 subjects, 1932 activation foci ( Talairach, MNI coordinates)

• Tasks, effectors and instructions

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Material & MethodsActivation likelihood estimation (ALE) algorithm

1 study

1 Map

Foci from all studies

Many foci Each foci = centre of a 3D Gaussian probability distribution

Input Output

Union activation modelled map (MA)

Voxel-wise ALE scores

True convergence?Comparison of “true” scores with scores in null distribution (baseline activation)

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Symmetrical activation across both hemispheres

Action Observation Network

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Action Observation Network……subanalysis for effectors

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No FFA/FBA activation BA45 only in right hemisphere

As hand observation but with lower statistical power

FFA/FBA only in right hemisphere hIP3 only in left hemisphere (the only consistent parietal activation)

As nonHand observation No consistent SMA activation

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Contrast analysis between hand action observation and observation of non-hand actions

A: hand observationC : non-hand observation

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Action Observation Network……subanalysis for instructions

Comparable network to main analysis

No parietal activation Consistent activation of dPMC-BA6, pMTG and extrastriate areas

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Contrast analysis between the two instructions

No stronger activation for the instruction “observe to imitate” in any region BUT only 8 experiments were used

A: passively observeB : observe to imitate

Page 13: NeuroImage 50 (2010) 1148–1167 ALE meta-analysis of action observation and imitation in the human brain Svenja Caspers,Karl Zillesa, Angela R.Laird, SimonB.Eickhoff.

Action Observation Network……subanalysis for object-related hand actions

Bilaterally: BA 44, BA6, IPL-PFt, SPL (7a), pMTG,V5 Right hemisphere: S1, IPS-hIP3

Activation of temporo-occipital areas

Page 14: NeuroImage 50 (2010) 1148–1167 ALE meta-analysis of action observation and imitation in the human brain Svenja Caspers,Karl Zillesa, Angela R.Laird, SimonB.Eickhoff.

Contrast analysis between object-related hand actions and non-object-related hand action

A: object-related hand actionB : non-object-related hand action

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Action Imitation Network

Bilaterally: BA 44, BA 6, SMA, SFG, S1 (area 2), IPL-PFt, V5 Left hemisphere: pMTG Right hemisphere: IPL-PFcm, FFA/FBA, frontal aspect of insular cortex

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Action Imitation Network……subanalysis for effectors

Comparable to the main analysis

Comparable to the main analysis pMTG bilaterally activated

Activation of BA 4, BA 6, BA 44 SFG No temporo-occipital activation

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Conjunction analyses

Bilaterally: BA 44, BA 6, SMA, PFt, PFop, S1 (area 2), V5 Left hemisphere: pMTG Right hemisphere: FFA/FBA

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Contrast analyses

Observation Imitation

Rostro-dorsal part of BA 44 (area BA45- bilaterally)

Caudo-ventral part of BA 44 (bilaterally)

BA 6, pMTG, V5 (bilaterally)

IPL-PFt/Pfop (left hemisphere)

SPL (right hemisphere) S1 (area 2),IPL-PFt, FFA/FBA (right hemisphere)

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DiscussionMethodological considerations

• Coordinate based meta-analysis vs. image based meta-analysis

• Potential presence of confounding factors

• No information for the strength of resulting activation

• Account for sample size

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DiscussionAreas involved in each network

• Expanded Mirror Neuron System• In humans, observation and imitation networks are similar, if not the same (differences in macaque brain)• BA 44 and PFt/hIP3 homolog to F5 and PFG/PF of macaque respectively • BA 44 => initiation and termination of simple actions (imitation) BA 45 =>supraordinate aspect of action• SMA mainly activated in non-hand tasks• pMTG involved in the processing of biological motion• V5 involved in motion perception • FFA/FBA serves as an encoder of facial and body stimuli• S1-top down modulation from associative areas

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DiscussionNeural correlates of action observation

• Transient inactivation of observation network- related areas result in impairment of action observation ability• Somatotopy of the involved parts of observation network?• Activation’s independency from the effectors• Possible functions of the network: - Feedback control of an action (SPL, IPS, BA 6)-optic ataxia - Implicit processing of object features and their integration within the observed motor act (fronto-parietal areas) - Composition of the appropriate motor program (dPMC)

Neural correlates of action imitation

• Bilateral pattern of activation

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you!