Mixing Ratio (g/kg) Emagram - University of British … PrMet Thermo Diagrams - All v9.1 color...
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Transcript of Mixing Ratio (g/kg) Emagram - University of British … PrMet Thermo Diagrams - All v9.1 color...
–60 –50 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30 40
Temperature (°C)
Pressure (kPa)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
0.08 0.1 .15 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.5 2 3 4 6 8 10 15 20 30 40 60
Mixing Ratio (g/kg)
Dry Adiabat θ = 150°C
130°C
90°C
70°C
50°C
110°C
Moist A
diabat θW = 50°C
0
0.51
1.5
22.5
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Height(km)
EmagramCopyright © 2015 by Roland Stull.Free copies of this page permitted, from “Practical Meteorology: An Algebra-based Survey of Atmos. Sci.”, via Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-SA/4.0International License.• State lines are thin.• Process lines arethick, and are labeledwith temperature wherethey cross P = 100 kPa.(θW = wet-bulb potential temp.)
Tθ θW
°C
–60 –50 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30 40
Temperature (°C)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
Pre
ssur
e (k
Pa)
0.08 0.1 .15 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.5 2 3 4 6 8 10 15 20 25 30 40 60
Mixing Ratio (g/kg)
150°CDry Adiabat θ = 130°C
110°C
90°C
70°C
50°C
Moist Adiabat θ
W = 45°C
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12 km
Hei
ght (
km)
Stüve DiagramCopyright © 2015 by Roland Stull.Free copies of this page permitted, from “Practical Meteorology: An Algebra-based Survey of Atmos. Sci.”, via Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-SA/4.0International License.• State lines are thin.• Process lines arethick, and are labeledwith temperature wherethey cross P = 100 kPa.(θW = wet-bulb potential temp.)
Tθ θW
°C
–50 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30 40
Temperature (°C)
Pre
ssur
e (k
Pa)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
–60°
C isot
herm
T
–70°
C–8
0°C
–90°
C
810
1520
2530
4050
(g/k
g)
0.1 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.5 2 3 4 6
Mixing Ratio (g/kg)
50°C
100°C Dry Adiabat θ
60°C
70°C
80°C
90°C
Moi
st A
diab
at θ
W
Hei
ght (
km)
00.5
11.5
2
2.5
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12Tθ θW
°C
Skew-T Log-P DiagramCopyright © 2015 by Roland Stull.Free copies of this page permitted, from “Practical Meteorology: An Algebra-based Survey of Atmos. Sci.”, via Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-SA/4.0International License.• State lines are thin.• Process lines arethick, and are labeledwith temperature wherethey cross P = 100 kPa.(θW = wet-bulb potential temp.)
–50 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30 40 50
Temperature (°C)
Pre
ssur
e (k
Pa)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
15
T =
–60°
C iso
ther
m
–70°
C
–80°
C
–90°
C0.1 0.15 0.5 0.80.2 0.3 0.4 1.0 1.5 2.0 3 4 5 6 8 10 15
20g/kg
30
40
50g/kg
Mixing Ratio (g/kg)
Dry Adiabat θ = 50°C
60°C
100°C80°C
120°C 140°C
Moist A
diabat θW
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Hei
ght (
km)
TephigramCopyright © 2015 by Roland Stull.Free copies of this page permitted, from “Practical Meteorology: An Algebra-based Survey of Atmos. Sci.”, via Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-SA/4.0International License.• State lines are thin.• Process lines arethick, and are labeledwith temperature wherethey cross P = 100 kPa.(θW = wet-bulb potential temp.)
Tθ θW
°C
–40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Potential Temperature θ (°C)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Hei
ght
Z (
km)
Mixing Ratio (g/kg) = 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 2 3 7 10 15 20 305
40
50
70
100
150
200
300
500700
1000(g/kg)
–60°
C
–80°
C
–100
°C
T = –1
20°C
isoth
erm
–140
°C
Moi
st A
diab
at θ
W =
20°
C
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Pressure
(kPa)
P = 20 kPa
Tθ θW
°C
Theta - Z DiagramCopyright © 2015 by Roland Stull.Free copies of this page permitted, from “Practical Meteorology: An Algebra-based Survey of Atmos. Sci.”, via Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-SA/4.0International License.• State lines are thin.• Process lines arethick, and are labeledwith temperature wherethey cross P = 100 kPa.(θW = wet-bulb potential temp.)
105
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
Pre
ssur
e (k
Pa)
–20 –10 0 10 20 30 40
Temperature (°C)
T =
–25°
C is
othe
rm
40 g
/kg
20 25 30
0.6
g/kg
iso
hum
e
0.8
g/kg
1.0
g/kg
1.5 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 15
Mixing ratio (g/kg)
θ = 45°C dry adiabat
θ = 50°Cθ W =
35°
C m
oist
adi
abat
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Hei
ght (
km)
Tθ θW
°C
Skew-T Log-P Diagram (ABL)Copyright © 2015 by Roland Stull.Free copies of this page permitted, from “Practical Meteorology: An Algebra-based Survey of Atmos. Sci.”, via Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-SA/4.0International License.• State lines are thin.• Process lines arethick, and are labeledwith temperature wherethey cross P = 100 kPa.(θW = wet-bulb potential temp.)
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6 km
2.8 km
Z = 3.0 km
Height Z
(km)
–10 –5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Potential Temperature θ (°C)
Dry
Adi
abat
θ =
–5°
C
30 g
/kg
50 g
/kg
40 g
/kg
70 g
/kg
0.5 0.7 1.0 1.5 2 3 4 5 7 10 15 20Mixing Ratio (g/kg)
T =
–15°
C is
othe
rm
–20°
C
–25°
C–3
0°C
Moi
st A
diab
at θ
W =
–10
°C
70 kPa
80
90
100
Pressure(kPa)
Tθ θW
°C
Theta - Z Diagram (ABL)Copyright © 2015 by Roland Stull.Free copies of this page permitted, from “Practical Meteorology: An Algebra-based Survey of Atmos. Sci.”, via Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-SA/4.0International License.• State lines are thin.• Process lines arethick, and are labeledwith temperature wherethey cross P = 100 kPa.(θW = wet-bulb potential temp.)
